Black Box V5.1 User manual

Black Box Networks PICO systems
Pico Manual v5.1
V5.1 1
.
User's Manual
V5.1
Black Box Networks PICO systems

Black Box Networks PICO systems
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Table of contents:
1Characteristics:........................................................................................................... 8
1.1 Features................................................................................................................................................ 9
1.2 Accessories .......................................................................................................................................... 9
2Optical free space transmission............................................................................... 10
2.1 Areas with natural or artificial obstacles............................................................................................ 11
2.2 Urban areas ........................................................................................................................................ 11
2.3 Industrial areas................................................................................................................................... 11
2.4 ISP connections.................................................................................................................................. 12
3Installation procedures ............................................................................................ 13
3.1 2.1 System set-up overview ............................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Key factors of operation..................................................................................................................... 13
4Site survey ................................................................................................................. 14
4.1 Link path............................................................................................................................................ 14
4.2 Installation sites ................................................................................................................................. 14
4.3 Distance determination ...................................................................................................................... 15
4.4 Direct sunshine................................................................................................................................... 15
4.5 Eye safety........................................................................................................................................... 16
5Installation procedure .............................................................................................. 17
5.1 Installation of the link ........................................................................................................................ 17
5.2 The connection of the outdoor box .................................................................................................... 21
5.3 Mounting bracket fixing: ................................................................................................................... 22
5.4 On-the-table test................................................................................................................................. 23
6Warranty conditions ................................................................................................ 24
7Twisted pair cabling................................................................................................. 27

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Safety of the Black Box product
The Black Box is classified as Class 3B laser product.
The Black Box System has been tested and found to comply with the EN 60825-1:1994 +A11:96
(laser safety), EN 60950-1:92+A1:93+A2:93+A3:95+A4:97 (electrical safety), EN 55022:1998 Class
3B (emission) and EN 55024:1998 and EN 50082-2:1995 (immunity) European standards.
The laser radiation is emitted from the transmitter optics through the glass window in the front
side of the laser head under less than 10 mrad divergences. Depending on the model, one, two or
four of such transmitters may be present inside one head assembly. The optical axles of the
transmitters are parallel to each other, each of them emitting laser radiation towards the same
direction – onward through the optical window of the head. No other aperture through which laser
radiation can occur present in the laser head.
Warning!
Invisible laser radiation! Looking directly into the laser beam can cause permanent
damage to the eye! Safe looking distance varies with beam power and divergence.
See attached data sheet for exact figures.
The Black Box product should be installed in such a way that nobody can access the optical window
or can get in the way of the laser beam accidentally. For detailed instructions please read Eye Safety
part of chapter 4.5 of the manual (Site Survey).
The Black Box product provided with all the necessary labels specified by the standards. Moreover
informative labels should be put on clearly visible places where the laser beam can be accessed. The
locations of the warning labels are shown in Chapter 4.5/Eye Safety.
The Indoor Interconnection Unit is assembled with a certified power cord, which must be
connected to the mains through a power outlet to make the disconnection possible at any time.
Any modification to the above installation is prohibited. If modifications are required by the local
standard, please contact the manufacturer.
To ensure the compliance with the EN 60950 safety requirements, only the manufacturer or its
certified partners should install the system.
Warning
Operating the Black Box product other than described in this manual can cause undesired laser
radiation and can be dangerous to he eye or electrical shock!
GB

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Elektrische Sicherheit des Black Box Produkts
Das Black Box ist eine Klasse 3B Lasereinrichtung.
Das Black Box Produkt wurde geprüft und entspricht den Anforderungen der Europäischen Standards
EN60825-1:1994 + A11:96 (Lasereinrichtungen), EN60950-1:92+A1:93+A3:95+A4:97 (Elektrische
Sicherheit), EN55022:1998 Klasse 3B (EMV, Störaussendung) und EN55024:1998 sowie EN50082-
2:1995 (EMV, Störfestigkeit)
Der Laserstrahl wird von der Sendeoptik durch die Glasscheibe an der Frontseite des Laserkopf mit
einer Divergenz von weniger als 10mrad abgestahlt. Abhängig vom Modell des Laserkopf können sich
ein, zwei oder vier solcher Sender innerhalb des Laserkopf befinden. Die optischen Achsen der
einzelnen Sender verlaufen parallel zueinander wobei jeder Sender in die gleiche Richtung stahlt - in
Richtung der Optik des Laserkopf. Es sind keine weiteren Blenden vorhanden durch die Laserstrahlen
auftreten können.
Warnung!
Unsichtbare Laserstrahlen! Nicht direkt in den Lasertrahl schauen, da dies die
Augen permanent schädigen kann. Der Sicherheitsabstand variiert mit der
Laserleistung und Divergenz des Laserstrahl. Details hierzu sind im Datenblatt
nachzulesen.
Das Black Box Produkt muß so installiert werden, daß niemand Zutritt zu der Optik des Laserkopf hat
oder zufällig in den Bereich des Laserstrahl kommen kann. Kapitel 4.5 auf des Handbuchs enthält
ausführliche Anweisungen zum Schutz der Augen.
Das Black Box Produkt ist mit allen notwendigen Warnhinweisen versehen die durch die Standards
vorgebenen werden. Weitergehende Hinweise sollten an gut sichtbaren Stellen angebracht werden wo
man sich dem Laserkopf gefahrlos nähern kann. Die Positionen der Warnhinweise sind auf Kapitel
4.5, Schutz der Augen
Die „Indoor Interconnection Unit“, die mit einem zertifzierten Netzkabel ausgeliefert wird, muß mit
der Stromversorgung verbunden werden, indem der Netzstecker in eine geeignete Netzsteckdose
gesteckt wird, womit die Lasereinrichtung auch jederzeit wieder vom Netz getrennt werden kann.
Jegliche Modifikationen an der Installation sind verboten.
Falls aufgrund nationaler Vorschriften denoch Änderungen an der Installation vorgenommen werden
müssen, ist vorher der Hersteller zu befragen.
Um die Konformität bezüglich der Elektrischen Sicherheit nach EN60950 sicherzustellen, sollte das
System nur vom Hersteller oder seinen zertifizierten Partnern installiert werden.
Warnung !
Die Inbetriebnahme oder der Betrieb des Black Box Produkts, abweichend von den Vorgaben
dieses Handbuchs, kann unerwünschte Laserstrahlung verursachen und gefährlich für die
Augen werden oder einen elektrischen Schock verursachen.
D

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Sécurité de produit Black Box
Le produit Black Box est classifié dans la catégorie laser 3B.
Le système de Black Box a été testé et correspond aux normes européennes: EN 60825-
1:1994+A11:96 (sécurité du laser), EN 60950-1:92 + A1:93 + A2:93 + A3:95 + A4:97 (sécurité
éléctrique), EN 55022:1998 Classe 3B (émission), EN 55024:1998 et EN 50082-2:1995 (immunité).
La radiation laser est émise à partir de l’émetteur optique à travers une fenêtre en verre placée à la
tête du laser et a une divergence de moins de 10 mrad. Selon le type de modèle, le nombre
d’émetteur placé dans la tête du laser varie entre 1, 2 ou 4. L’axe optique des émetteurs sont
parallèles et chacun d’entre eux émettent la radiation laser dans la même direction, à travers la
fenêtre de la tête du laser. Aucune autre ouverture dans la tête ne peut laisser passer de radiation
laser.
Attention!
La radiation laser est invisible! Interdiction de regarder le rayon laser ! Risques graves de
lésions pour les yeux! La distance de sécurité pour la vue est variable et dépend de la puissance
du rayon et de sa divergence! Consulter la feuille de données ci-jointe pour calculs exacts.
L’installation de produit Black Box doit être faite de sorte que personne ne puisse accéder à la fenêtre
optique ou traverser le rayon laser par accident. Pour instructions détaillées, lire la partie Sécurité de
l’œil dans le chapitre 4.5 du manuel (Site Survey) à la page 17.
Le produit Black Box possède la totalité des étiquettes stipulées par les normes. De plus, des avis
informatifs sont placés à des endroits clairement visibles où le rayon laser pourrait être accessible. Une
liste des endroits où sont placés les avis informatifs est donnée dans le chapitre 4.5 du manuel (Eye
Safety) à la page 17.
Le boîtier de connections intérieure (Indoor Interconnection Unit) est fournit avec un fil éléctrique
certifié par lequel l’appareil est connecté à la prise de courant. Grâce à cela, il est possible de
débrancher à n’importe quel moment. Il est formellement interdit d’apporter de quelconques
modifications à cette installation. Si une modification est cependant nécessaire à cause des normes
locales, contacter le fabricant.
Attention!
Tout opération consistant à utiliser le produit Black Box de façon différente que celle indiquée
dans le manuel pourrait engendrer des effets indésirables du rayon laser, être dangereuse pour
la vue et provoquer un choc éléctrique!
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Sicurezza dei prodotti Black Box
Black Box e classificáto di essere un Classe 3B prodotto di lazer.
Il sistema Black Box e stato collaudato e trovato conforme con EN 60825-1:1994 +A11:96 (sicurezza
sul prodotti lazer), EN 60950-1:92+A1:93+A2:93+A3:95+A4:97 (sicurezza eletrica), EN 55022:1998
Class B (emissione) ed EN 55024:1998 ed EN 50082-2:1995 (immunitá), Norme Europee.
La radiazione lazer viene emissa dalla ottica del trasmettitore via la finestra di vetro posizionata
sulla fronte della testa di lazer con una divergenza minore di 10 mrad. Secondo il modello si
trovano uno, due o quatro transmettitori in una testa di lazer. Gli assi ottici dei trasmettitori sono
paralelli uno con l’altro, tutti quanti emmittono il raggio di lazer nella stessa direzione via la
finestra ottica della testa lazer. Non esiste nessun’ altra appertura attraverso quale radiazione di
lazer puó presentarsi.
Avvertimento!
Radiazione lazer invisibile! Guardando direttamente nel raggio di lazer puó causare
danni permanenti degli ochhi! La distanza di sicurezza dello sguardo varia secondo
la potenza e la divergenza dello raggio di lazer. Distanza di sucurezza viene
communicato sulla pagina tehnica allegata.
Prodotti Black Box devono essere installati in tale maniera, che nessuno possa accedere la finestra
ottica o esporsi al raggio di lazer per caso. Per informazioni piu detagliati vedi la parte Sicurezza
Ochhi del capitolo 4.5 nel manuale sulla pagina 17.
I prodotti Black Box veranno forniti con tutte segnalazioni previste nelle norme. In addizione
segnalazioni informative devono essere posizionate nel posti ben’ visibili dove il raggio di lazer puó
essere accesso. Le locazioni delle segnalazioni di sicurezze sono demostrati sulla pagina 17 del
manuale (Capitolo 4.5/ Sicurezza Ochhi)
La Unitá Interconnezione Interna viene fornita con un cavo di allimentazione certificato quale
deve essere collegato con la rete di potenza tramitte una presa per assicurare la separabilita in
qualsiasi momento. Qualunque modifica sul questo impianto e proibito. Se modifiche si devono
eseguire per rispettare la norma locale, si priega di contattare il produttore.
Per garantire la conformitá con la norma EN 60950, il sistame deve essere installato dal
produttore o dai partner certificati.
Attenzione!
Qualsiasi operazione di Black Box diversa di quello descritto in questo manuale puó causare non
desiderata radiazione lazer e puó essere pericoloso per gli ochhi o causare scossa electrica!
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!Safety 3B Class Laser device
This unit complies with the relevant safety regulations. If you have questions please
contact Black Box Co. tech support.
•Fragile handle with care.
•Ensure that the local main voltage is within the range of 100VAC to 240VAC
•Ensure that no liquids are dropped inside the unit.
•In the case of emergency (e.g.: damaged casing, elements or cables) disconnect the
unit immediately.
•Only qualified technicians should repair the device. Unauthorized opening will
result in warranty being void.
This manual will show you how to install and use the Black Box PICO systems

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1Characteristics:
Model Number Pico Ethernet
Interfaces
Ethernet, Fast-Ethernet
Distance in meter 75 150
Electrical & Optical Characteristics
XMT Power mW (max) 65 mW
Transmitter Laser Diode
Wave Length (nm) 780 to 980
Dynamic range >25dB
Power
Power to Head 110/220 VAC, 50W max.
Environments
-25 – 60 Centigrade (normal version)
Operating
Temperature -40 – 85 Centigrade (extended version)
-40 – 80 Centigrade (normal version)
Storage Temperature -55 – 105 Centigrade (extended version)
Humidity Up to 95% non condensed
Physical Characteristic
Housing
Metal
Protective Shield Hardened Aluminium, with white reflective paint and Stainless steel Base
Weight (kg) 2,5 Kgs
Dimension (mm) 160X110X350

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1.1 Features
•The newly developed „Pico” used for transmit 100 Mb/s data up to 150 meters.
•Easy to install, and easy to use.
1.2 Accessories
•2 Pico Units
•2 Mounting Brackets
•2 Outdoor Interconnection Unit
The Black Box-Pico product range offers cost effective, reliable free space laser
transmission for 100Mbps Ethernet data through free space.
The transmission technique used in the Black Box devices provides transparent wire
speed data transfer with virtually zero latency, because it uses infrared light as a
transmission medium, Black Box systems do not require frequency licenses and the
transmission is not affected by electro-magnetic interference or radio frequency
interference. The Black Box Pico link can be considered as a virtual fiber in the air, with
standard Cat 5 connection at each end.
Each product is built using highest quality electronic components for operation in even the
most adverse conditions. Metal housing gives a robust, waterproof environment for the
electronics, with IP65 isolation rating. The shield protects the device from direct sunlight
and provides extra air isolation.
Invisible laser radiation, Class 3B laser product. Looking directly into the laser
beam can cause permanent damage to the eye!

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2Optical free space transmission
The principle used in free space laser transmission is very similar to the one is used for
fiber optic transmission. The difference is while fiber optic devices use electronics and
optics optimised for optical fiber, free space communication equipment deploys
electronics and optics optimised for transmission through the air. Also you can observe
the similarity in the transmission properties. No galvanic contact, no ground loops, no
need for surge protection, noise immunity, high bandwidth.
What makes it unique – and difficult to design – is that it does not require any
transmission medium like fiber or copper, but has to cope with the dynamically changing
parameters. For instance while the attenuation of an optical fiber is constant, the
attenuation of the atmosphere between the laser units can change dramatically
(depending on the weather conditions).
The Black Box heads are usually placed on top of buildings, where clear line of sight is
guaranteed and the beam cannot be interrupted.
In the head the incoming signal is amplified, encoded, then drives the laser diode. The
transmitter optics assures the proper beam shape. The receiver optics perceives and directs
the transmitted signal to the photodiode. The diode converts it back into electrical, then it
is decoded, amplified and converted.
There are several things that can influence the quality of transmission. We can classify
those factors into three main groups.
•System conditions - transmitting power, transmitters wavelength, beam
divergence, receiver optics diameter, receiver sensitivity, parameters of optical
system and casing. These parameters determine the system’s characteristic at a
certain distance and are controlled by system design and factory set up.
•Weather conditions - molecular absorption, particle scattering and turbulence.
These elements have great effect on the operational conditions of the system. We
do not have very much influence on them; proper product selection can eliminate
the undesirable effects.
•Environmental conditions - building movements, direct sunlight, refractive
surfaces. These are also key factors related to the installation sites and can be
controlled by appropriate site survey and system installation.

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Most typically the Black Box-Pico is used to interconnect LAN-s, or computers. The
system is protocol transparent, thus other applications also can be taken into
consideration. Appropriate interface converters are needed and system bandwidth must be
matched for that.
Here we collected some circumstances, where the employment of the Black Box is the
most adequate and cost effective solution. Those are:
2.1 Areas with natural or artificial obstacles
Where cable is actually not an alternative, like across rivers or railways or in rugged
terrain.
2.2 Urban areas
Where only leased lines are available with limited speed and high rental cost. With
Black Box links you can establish on line LAN-to-LAN connections.
2.3 Industrial areas
Where you have noisy environment with high EMI or RFI. Factory buildings,
airport objects can be connected through laser link.

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2.4 ISP connections
Where high bandwidth is required. ISP’s can offer high-speed links to their
customers or trunks can be established between ISP’s instead of expensive leased
lines.
Cor
p
orate
LAN ISP

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3Installation procedures
3.1 System set-up overview
The set up of a Black Box link needs careful planning, thorough site preparation, and
accurate installation. We have listed the work that is essential for a successful system
set up.
1. Site survey
2. System design
3. Site preparation
4. System installation
5. Alignment procedure
6. System test
We deem necessary to emphasize the importance of site survey. It is fundamental to
make sure if the laser link is a viable solution at all. Most customers usually are not
experts in this field, so they cannot realize the sources of possible difficulties. It is also
very important to clarify the position, size and outlook of the support frame with the
customer in advance.
3.2 Key factors of operation
There are four key issues that the site survey. The proper system operation cannot be
guaranteed without satisfying all the four requirements.
a. Clear line of sight - first of all optical path between the two ends must be free
of any obstacles. It not only means that one has to see the other side, but other
possible sources of disturbance should also be taken into consideration. For
example there might be turbulence above the roofs and other constructions, and
this can cause fraction or scattering of the beam or snow accumulation on roofs too
close to the beam can influence or even interrupt the communication.
b. Solid mount surface - is the key for long-term operation. Since the diameter of
the beam is limited, it is extremely important to mount the unit on a stable structure
with the possible smallest movement. This way the receiver of the remote unit
cannot get out of the beam due to the movement of the opposite head.
d. East-West orientation - although the receiver optics is equipped with optical
filters to protect the receiver diode from the effect of undesired light sources, the
direct sunshine can cause saturation of the diode. This prevents the system from
working properly for several minutes a day in a certain time of the year. There are
some methods to reduce the effect of the sun, but the best way is to avoid the East-
West orientation wherever it is possible.

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4Site survey
In order to comply with the requirements of the successful installation - including the
discussed four key factors and other criteria - the following matters should be taken
into consideration.
4.1 Link path
If the clear line of sight is available, further examination of the sites and optical path is
necessary after possible sources of temporary or periodic malfunction. No chimneys,
steam or other smoke sources may be present under or near to the beam path. They can
weaken the strength of the signal or can cause wandering of the beam. Heater vents and
air conditioners have similar effect as they can cause air turbulence. Scintillation from
rooftops or glass surfaces due to direct sunshine also may interrupt the beam. The
closer the source to the transmitter the greater it’s effect. Because both sides have
transmitter and receiver, the source of such symptoms in the middle has the less effect
on the overall system. If there are trees near the transmission path, consideration of
growth and the wind blown leaves into the into the transmission path is necessary.
Areas under construction can have moving obstacles like construction cranes that can
disturb the communication.
4.2 Installation sites
All buildings and constructions have a certain movement of their own. It’s determined
by the structure and material of the building. Metal structures can shift or twist due to
temperature changes. Wooden construction can expand or shrink with the changing of
humidity. Give preference to concrete or brick buildings. On the other hand high
structures like towers, skyscrapers or poles always subject to great movement. Mount
the support frame to basic holders of the building or near corners, as they are the most
stable spots. Use appropriate consoles for wall mounting. If a stand is used on the top
of a building, secure it directly to the ceiling or to the concrete cornice wherever is
possible. Do not fix stands to insulating materials as they can slowly sink under the
weight of the unit and with temperature changes. Big chimneys and smokestacks may
look stable, but as their inner temperature varies they can also move. Vibration caused
by heavy traffic, trains, elevators, etc. may slowly move the system out of its specified
direction. Another important consideration is to provide enough space for alignment
and to have the potential for future maintenance. Consider that the support frame is
usually heavy, so the selected spot should be easily accessible.
It is not only the building that has to be solid, but the support structure too. Antenna
poles, security camera holders are not suitable for the Black Box units. A catalogue of
more than 80 mounting frames can be ordered from the manufacturer (both available in
printed and CD ROM format. Please contact with Black Box Co. tech support for
details.

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Preferred installation sites Pay attention to Avoid (*)
Concrete wall Behind window Soft materials
Brick wall Old constructs Chimneys
Microwave towers Wooden constructs
Metal masts or Frames
Hidden heat isolations, like
Styrofoam
(*)
In cases where installations are listed under “AVOID” cannot be avoided than special mounting accessories to be designed
and special installations must be used.
4.3 Distance determination
Try to get as accurate information about the connection distance as you can in order to
get the maximum performance out of the system. The easiest way is to obtain a
proportional map and calculate the distance. In some cases the distance between sites
can be measured directly with distance recorders. There are infrared and laser distance
meters that can display the distance between the viewer and the defined point.
4.4 Direct sunshine
To prevent the sun shining directly into the receiver optics, first one has to determine
the orientation of the link. Try to avoid East-West orientation wherever it is possible.
Examine both sides of the link at sunset and sunrise and find a position where the sun
cannot shine directly into the receiver. Be aware that the path of the sun is changing
throughout the year

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4.5 Eye safety
No two installations sites are the same. The buildings or structures, the available space
and the accessibility of the place will be different in each case. Nevertheless, as a
general rule it is very important to select the installation site so, that nobody can look
directly into the transmitter. For this reason place the head either so high (on the side
wall of the building) or so close to the edge of the building (on a parapet on the
rooftop) that no person can approach it accidentally and can get into the beam path. Set
up barriers if necessary and put warning signs at prominent places.
The laser heads are provided with all labels and hazard warnings required by the
applicable standards. There are warning labels on both the left and right side of the
protective cover next to the optical window and there is a warning and an informative
label on the rear side of the laser head. The locations of those signs are shown in the
following pictures.
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION
AVOID EXPOSURE TO BEAM
CLASS 3B LASER PRODUCT
Output Power Max 50 mW, 785 nm
Pulse Duration : Not Pulsed

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5Installation procedure
For installation purposes the PICO units are factory Pre-Set for 150 meters. If the Pico
link distance is less than 50 meters, the beam should be adjusted, with the special tool(see
below)
5.1 Installation of the link
For proper installation follow The Steps Listed Below.
1. Direct head “A” to side “B” using the embedded pointing device.(See Diagram
1.1) Align Cross-Hair at unit “B”
Diagram 5.1
2. Direct head “B” to side “A” using the embedded pointing device.(See Diagram
3.1) Align Cross-Hairs at unit “B”.
3. fix the pico head on side “A” and
on side “B” with the screws to the
mounting frame and with the
screws on the side of the
unit(make sure that the unit is not
moved during the tighten
process). The screws should be
sufficiently tight to hold the unit
for long time.
4. Power Pico units at both ends.

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5. Fine Adjustment is required after the
unit has been aligned with the
internal pointing device. Fine
alignment is applicable for vertical
and horizontal orientations. These
movements must be done using the
fine alignment screws Adjust first
the horizontal then the vertical screw
as shown in the photographs on this page.
Adjust these screws while watching the
rear panel LED lights(see diagram:3.2).
Illuminate as many green LED power
indication lights as possible during the
fine alignment process, and follow your
multimeter display, to find the maximum
of the detector voltage.
6. During this period described in the fifth step, try to avoid the saturation LED. /Red
light/ (See Diagram 5.2)
Diagram 5.2
LED Meanings:
Power:
The head is powered up.
FO Link:
Horizontal Fine
Alignment screws
DON’T TRY TO DO MOVE
TWO HEADS AT THE SAME
TIME! The result won’t be the
same

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Fiber optical link between the two heads.
TP Link
Copper side link between the head and the Network equipment.
RX OK
There is enough light to start communicate through the link.
Level 1
25% of the total (acceptable by the receiver) incoming power
Level 2
50% of the total (acceptable by the receiver) incoming power
Level 3
75% of the total (acceptable by the receiver) incoming power
Saturation
Overload (Overloading can cause stop in the communication, and permanently it can
damage the receiver)
7. If the installation distance is shorter
than 50 meters in that case
realignment is required which can be
done with the device on the picture.
7.1 release the screws
7.2 Pull the regulation nut perfectly to
the front and fix it with the screws!
Please note that this operation should
be done extra carefully because it can
move the transmitter out of the alignment. It must be totally on the front!

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The required installation tools:
screwdriver
10 mm wrench 2 pcs
13 mm wrench for fixing the bracket
Punch-down tool for the TP cord
Please note:
Fixing of unit to a rigid surface is very important for long-term alignment.