Black Box LEV2525A Safety guide

MNS-BB
CUSTOMER
SUPPORT
INFORMATION
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LE2425A / LEV2525A Switch
Software User Guide
(MNS-BB)

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Preface
Use of This Guide
This guide describes how to use the command line interface (CLI) and Web Interface, for LE2425A and LEV2525A
Switches.
If you need information on a specific command in the CLI, type the command name after you type the word “help” (help
<command> ) or just type <command> [Enter].
If you need further information on Black Box switch technology, refer to the Black Box website at:
http://www.blackbox.com

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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
AND
CANADIAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly,
that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, may cause interference to radio
communication. It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in
accordance with the specifications in Subpart B of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide
reasonable protection against such interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference, in which case the user at his
own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emission from digital apparatus set
out in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux
appareils numériques de la classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique publié par le
ministère des Communications du Canada.

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Normas Oficiales Mexicanas (NOM)
Electrical Safety Statement
INSTRUCCIONES DE SEGURIDAD
1. Todas las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser leídas antes de que el aparato eléctrico sea operado.
2. Las instrucciones de seguridad y operación deberán ser guardadas para referencia futura.
3. Todas las advertencias en el aparato eléctrico y en sus instrucciones de operación deben ser respetadas.
4. Todas las instrucciones de operación y uso deben ser seguidas.
5. El aparato eléctrico no deberá ser usado cerca del agua—por ejemplo, cerca de la tina de baño, lavabo, sótano
mojado o cerca de una alberca, etc.
6. El aparato eléctrico debe ser usado únicamente con carritos o pedestales que sean recomendados por el fabricante.
7. El aparato eléctrico debe ser montado a la pared o al techo sólo como sea recomendado por el fabricante.
8. Servicio—El usuario no debe intentar dar servicio al equipo eléctrico más allá a lo descrito en las instrucciones de
operación. Todo otro servicio deberá ser referido a personal de servicio calificado.
9. El aparato eléctrico debe ser situado de tal manera que su posición no interfiera su uso. La colocación del aparato
eléctrico sobre una cama, sofá, alfombra o superficie similar puede bloquea la ventilación, no se debe colocar en
libreros o gabinetes que impidan el flujo de aire por los orificios de ventilación.
10. El equipo eléctrico deber ser situado fuera del alcance de fuentes de calor como radiadores, registros de calor,
estufas u otros aparatos (incluyendo amplificadores) que producen calor.
11. El aparato eléctrico deberá ser connectado a una fuente de poder sólo del tipo descrito en el instructivo de
operación, o como se indique en el aparato.
12. Precaución debe ser tomada de tal manera que la tierra fisica y la polarización del equipo no sea eliminada.
13. Los cables de la fuente de poder deben ser guiados de tal manera que no sean pisados ni pellizcados por objetos
colocados sobre o contra ellos, poniendo particular atención a los contactos y receptáculos donde salen del aparato.
14. El equipo eléctrico debe ser limpiado únicamente de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del fabricante.
15. En caso de existir, una antena externa deberá ser localizada lejos de las lineas de energia.
16. El cable de corriente deberá ser desconectado del cuando el equipo no sea usado por un largo periodo de tiempo.
17. Cuidado debe ser tomado de tal manera que objectos liquidos no sean derramados sobre la cubierta u orificios de
ventilación.

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18.Servicio por personal calificado deberá ser provisto cuando:
A: El cable de poder o el contacto ha sido dañado; u
B: Objectos han caído o líquido ha sido derramado dentro del aparato; o
C: El aparato ha sido expuesto a la lluvia; o
D: El aparato parece no operar normalmente o muestra un cambio en su desempeño; o
E: El aparato ha sido tirado o su cubierta ha sido dañada.

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Table of Contents................................................................................................. Page
1.0 GETTING STARTED.......................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Getting Started with Switch Configuration......................................................................................................1
1.2 Software Upgrade............................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Recommended Minimal Configuration ...........................................................................................................1
1.4 Using the Console Setup Screen......................................................................................................................1
1.5 To Recover from a Lost Manager Password:...................................................................................................2
2.0 CONSOLE MANAGEMENT INTERFACE...................................................................................................3
2.1 Understanding Management Interfaces ...........................................................................................................3
2.2 Console Port Connection.................................................................................................................................3
2.3 Advantages of Using the CLI ..........................................................................................................................4
2.4 CLI Usage........................................................................................................................................................4
3.0 USING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE (CLI)...................................................................................5
3.1 Accessing the CLI ...........................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Using the CLI ..................................................................................................................................................5
3.3 Privilege Levels at Logon................................................................................................................................5
3.3.1 Operator Privileges .................................................................................................................................6
3.3.2 Manager Privileges .................................................................................................................................6
3.4 User Management............................................................................................................................................6
3.4.1 CLI Commands...........................................................................................................................................6
3.5 Listing Commands and Command Options.....................................................................................................7
3.5.1 Operator Privilege...................................................................................................................................7
3.5.2 Manager Privilege...................................................................................................................................7
3.5.3 Type "help" To List Available Commands.............................................................................................7
3.5.4 Displaying CLI "Help" ...........................................................................................................................8
3.5.5 Displaying Help for an Individual Command.........................................................................................8
3.5.6 Displaying Help for a particular command.............................................................................................8
3.5.7 Displaying Help with all possibilities.....................................................................................................9
4.0 WEB INTERFACE..........................................................................................................................................10
4.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................10
4.2 General Features............................................................................................................................................10
4.3 Session with the Switch.................................................................................................................................11
4.4 User Management..........................................................................................................................................12
4.4.1 To set the passwords.............................................................................................................................12
4.5 Status Reporting Features..............................................................................................................................13
4.5.1 The Device View..................................................................................................................................13
4.5.2 The Port Statistics.................................................................................................................................14
4.5.3 Port Utilization......................................................................................................................................14
4.5.4 The Event Log ......................................................................................................................................15
5.0 CONFIGURING IP ADDRESSING, INTERFACE ACCESS, AND SYSTEM INFORMATION...........17
5.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................17
5.2 IP Configuration............................................................................................................................................17
5.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask Overview................................................................................................17
5.2.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask. ...............................................................................................................17
5.2.3 Default Gateway Operation. .................................................................................................................17
5.2.4 Configuring IP Address, Gateway, DHCP............................................................................................17
5.3 DHCP/Bootp Operation.................................................................................................................................17
5.3.1 Overview...............................................................................................................................................17
5.3.2 The DHCP/Bootp Process.....................................................................................................................17
5.3.3 Configuring IP Addressing ...................................................................................................................18
5.3.4 DHCP Operation...................................................................................................................................18
5.3.5 Bootp Operation....................................................................................................................................18
5.3.6 Bootp Database Record Entries ............................................................................................................18
5.3.7 Globally Assigned IP Network Addresses............................................................................................19
5.4 A Quick Start.................................................................................................................................................19
5.5 Interface Access: Console/Serial Link, Telnet Features ................................................................................19
5.5.1 Serial Port (Console).............................................................................................................................20
5.5.2 TELNET...............................................................................................................................................20
5.6 Listing the Current System Information. .......................................................................................................20
5.6.1 List the current system information settings.........................................................................................20
5.6.2 System Information...............................................................................................................................21
5.6.3 System Contact and Location: ..............................................................................................................21
5.7 Configure the Date and Time.........................................................................................................................21
5.7.1 SNTP.....................................................................................................................................................21
5.7.2 Time Zone.............................................................................................................................................22

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5.7.3 Zone and Daylight Time Rule...............................................................................................................22
5.8 CLI: Configuration commands......................................................................................................................22
5.8.1 To save the configuration......................................................................................................................22
5.8.2 To load or restore the configuration......................................................................................................22
5.8.3 To erase the current configuration ........................................................................................................23
5.8.4 Summary (Steps)...................................................................................................................................23
5.9 Web: Configuring IP Addressing...................................................................................................................23
5.10 How IP Addressing Affects Switch Operation ..............................................................................................23
6.0 SECURITY FEATURES.................................................................................................................................24
6.1 Manager and Operator passwords:.................................................................................................................24
6.2 Console access interface and the CLI............................................................................................................24
6.2.1 Manager................................................................................................................................................24
6.2.2 Operator................................................................................................................................................24
6.3 To use password security:..............................................................................................................................24
6.4 CLI: Setting Manager and Operator Passwords.............................................................................................24
6.4.1 Configuring Manager and Operator Passwords ....................................................................................24
6.5 Access Levels................................................................................................................................................24
6.6 Configuring and Monitoring Port Security....................................................................................................24
6.6.1 Basic Operation.....................................................................................................................................25
6.6.2 Blocking Unauthorized Traffic.............................................................................................................25
6.6.3 Planning For Port Security....................................................................................................................25
6.7 CLI: Port Security Command Options and Operation...................................................................................25
6.8 Reading Intrusion Alerts and Resetting Alert Flags ......................................................................................27
6.8.1 Notice of Security Violations................................................................................................................27
6.8.2 How the Intrusion Log Operates...........................................................................................................27
6.9 Web: Viewing and Configuring Port Security...............................................................................................28
6.10 SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)..........................................................................................................................28
6.10.1 The SSL Protocol..................................................................................................................................28
6.10.2 Ciphers Used with SSL.........................................................................................................................30
6.10.3 CLI........................................................................................................................................................30
7.0 USING AUTHORIZED IP MANAGERS TO PROTECT AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS......32
7.1 Authorized IP Manager Features...................................................................................................................32
7.2 Access Levels................................................................................................................................................32
7.2.1 Authorizing Single Stations:.................................................................................................................32
7.2.2 Authorizing Multiple Stations:..............................................................................................................32
7.3 Overview of IP Mask Operation....................................................................................................................32
7.4 CLI: Viewing and Configuring Authorized IP Managers..............................................................................33
7.5 Building IP Masks .........................................................................................................................................33
7.5.1 Configuring One Station Per Authorized Manager IP Entry.................................................................34
7.5.2 Configuring Multiple Stations Per Authorized Manager IP..................................................................34
7.6 Operating and Troubleshooting Notes:..........................................................................................................35
7.6.1 Network Security Precautions:..............................................................................................................35
7.6.2 Duplicate IP Addresses:........................................................................................................................35
7.6.3 Web Proxy Servers: ..............................................................................................................................35
7.6.4 Global Access.......................................................................................................................................35
7.7 Web: Viewing and Configuring Global Access Information.........................................................................35
7.7.1 Web: Viewing and Configuring System Information ...........................................................................35
8.0 SNMP: CONFIGURATION FOR NETWORK MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS ..............................36
8.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................36
8.2 SNMP v1, v2 and v3......................................................................................................................................36
8.3 BitView and HubView ..................................................................................................................................36
8.4 SNMP Management Features........................................................................................................................37
8.5 Configuring for SNMP Access to the Switch................................................................................................37
8.6 CLI: Viewing and Configuring Community Names......................................................................................38
8.6.1 Listing Community Names...................................................................................................................38
8.7 Configuring Community Names and Values.................................................................................................38
8.7.1 Adding SNMP Communities in the Switch ..........................................................................................38
8.7.2 Adding SNMP Traps in the Switch.......................................................................................................38
8.7.3 Add or Modify system parameters........................................................................................................38
8.8 Using the CLI To List Current SNMP Trap Receivers..................................................................................39
8.9 SNMP version 3 (SNMPv3) ..........................................................................................................................39
8.9.1 Benefits.................................................................................................................................................40
8.9.2 List of Terms.........................................................................................................................................40
8.9.3 Supported MIBs and RFCs ...................................................................................................................41
8.9.4 CLI........................................................................................................................................................42

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8.10 RMON...........................................................................................................................................................47
8.10.1 Adding RMON Communities in the Switch.........................................................................................47
8.11 Web: Viewing and Configuring SNMP Parameters..................................................................................47
9.0 MONITORING AND ANALYZING SWITCH OPERATION ...................................................................48
9.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................48
9.2 Port Monitoring (Mirroring) Features............................................................................................................48
9.2.1 CLI: Configuring Port Monitoring........................................................................................................48
9.3 Limitation......................................................................................................................................................49
9.4 Web: Viewing Port Monitor status ................................................................................................................49
10.0 OPTIMIZING PORT USAGE........................................................................................................................50
10.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................50
10.2 CLI: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters .........................................................................50
10.2.1 Port Status and Configuration Features.................................................................................................50
10.2.2 Port Status and Configuration Commands............................................................................................51
10.2.3 Using the CLI to View Port Status........................................................................................................51
10.2.4 Using the CLI to Configure Ports .........................................................................................................52
10.3 Web: Viewing Port Status and Configuring Port Parameters ........................................................................53
10.4 Broadcast Storm Protection...........................................................................................................................53
10.4.1 How does it works ................................................................................................................................53
10.4.2 CLI: To Enable/Disable the broadcast Protection.................................................................................53
10.4.3 To set the Threshold value....................................................................................................................53
10.4.4 How to Protect against Broadcast Storms.............................................................................................53
11.0 QOS (QUALITY OF SERVICE)....................................................................................................................55
11.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................55
11.2 QoS Concepts................................................................................................................................................55
11.3 IP Precedence: Differentiated QoS................................................................................................................55
11.4 DiffServ.........................................................................................................................................................55
11.5 PQ: Priority Queuing.....................................................................................................................................56
11.6 QoS Management ..........................................................................................................................................56
11.7 QoS on Ethernet.............................................................................................................................................57
11.8 CLI.................................................................................................................................................................57
11.8.1 To set the QoS type on the switch.........................................................................................................57
11.8.2 Functions of QoS settings:....................................................................................................................57
11.9 To tag untagged packets. ...............................................................................................................................59
11.10 Web: Configure QoS.................................................................................................................................60
12.0 IGMP.................................................................................................................................................................60
12.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................................60
12.2 Purpose..........................................................................................................................................................61
12.3 IGMP Operating Features..............................................................................................................................61
12.4 Benefit ...........................................................................................................................................................61
12.5 How IGMP Operates .....................................................................................................................................62
12.6 IGMP Data.....................................................................................................................................................62
12.7 Role of the Switch .........................................................................................................................................62
12.8 IP Multicast Filters ........................................................................................................................................64
12.9 Reserved Addresses Excluded from IP Multicast (IGMP) Filtering..............................................................64
12.10 IGMP Support...........................................................................................................................................64
12.11 CLI............................................................................................................................................................64
12.11.1 Enable/disable IGMP............................................................................................................................64
12.11.2 Showing IGMP Configuration..............................................................................................................65
12.11.3 Showing Snooped Multicast Groups.....................................................................................................65
12.11.4 Showing Detected Router Ports............................................................................................................65
12.11.5 Enable/Disable Immediate Leave Processing .......................................................................................65
12.11.6 Enable/Disable Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................66
12.12 Setting the Host Membership Query Interval............................................................................................66
12.13 Setting the Query Response Interval.........................................................................................................67
12.14 Configure IGMP Port Mode......................................................................................................................67
12.14.1 Showing Port Configuration .................................................................................................................67
12.15 Web: Configure and View.........................................................................................................................68
13.0 SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (STP).........................................................................................................69
13.1 STP Features..................................................................................................................................................69
13.2 Feature Default..........................................................................................................................................69
13.3 Viewing the Current STP Configuration. ......................................................................................................69
13.3.1 Explaining Parameters in Detail ...........................................................................................................70
13.3.2 Showing STP Configuration by Port.....................................................................................................70
13.4 Enabling or Disabling STP............................................................................................................................71

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13.5 Reconfiguring General STP Operation on the Switch...............................................................................72
13.6 Globally Enabling or Disabling STP.........................................................................................................72
13.7 Changing STP Bridge Parameter Values...................................................................................................74
13.8 Changing STP Port Parameter Values.......................................................................................................75
13.9 How STP Operates....................................................................................................................................75
13.10 Web: View and Configure STP Parameters ..............................................................................................75
14.0 RAPID SPANNING TREE PROTOCOL (RSTP)........................................................................................76
14.1 How Spanning Tree Operates........................................................................................................................76
14.3 RSTP Concepts..............................................................................................................................................76
14.4 Spanning Tree Options: RSTP (802.1w) and STP (802.1D) .........................................................................77
14.4.1 RSTP (802.1w) .....................................................................................................................................77
14.4.2 STP (802.1D)........................................................................................................................................77
14.5 Transitioning from STP to RSTP...................................................................................................................77
14.6 Configuring Rapid Reconfiguration Spanning Tree (RSTP).........................................................................77
14.6.1 Optimizing the RSTP Configuration.....................................................................................................77
14.7 CLI.................................................................................................................................................................78
14.7.1 Main Context Commands .....................................................................................................................78
14.7.2 RSTP Context Commands....................................................................................................................78
14.8 Reconfiguring Per-Port Spanning Tree Values..............................................................................................80
14.8.1 Per-Port RSTP Parameters Parameter Default Description...................................................................80
15.0 PORT-BASED VIRTUAL LANS (STATIC VLANS)...................................................................................82
15.1 General Use and Operation............................................................................................................................82
15.2 VLAN Support and the Default VLAN.........................................................................................................82
15.3 General Steps for Using VLANs ...................................................................................................................82
15.4 CLI: Configuring VLAN Parameters.............................................................................................................83
LE2425A(port-vlan)##save....................................................................................................................................83
Saving current configuration..................................................................................................................................83
Configuration saved................................................................................................................................................83
15.4.1 Displaying the Switch’s VLAN Configuration.....................................................................................83
15.4.2 Displaying the Configuration for a Particular VLAN...........................................................................84
15.5 Creating a New Static VLAN........................................................................................................................84
15.5.1 Changing the VLAN Context Level. ....................................................................................................84
15.6 Effect of VLANs on Other Switch Features..................................................................................................85
15.6.1 VLAN Restrictions ...............................................................................................................................85
15.7 Web: Viewing and Configuring VLAN Parameters......................................................................................85
15.7.1 To configure static VLAN port parameters...........................................................................................85
16.0 TAG BASED VLAN ........................................................................................................................................86
16.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................86
16.2 VLAN Tagging Information..........................................................................................................................87
16.3 Rules of Tag Vlan Operation.........................................................................................................................88
16.3.1 Ingress Rules.........................................................................................................................................88
16.3.2 Egress Rules..........................................................................................................................................88
16.4 CLI.................................................................................................................................................................89
16.5 New CLI........................................................................................................................................................90
16.6 Web: View and Configure Tag-Vlan Parameters ..........................................................................................91
17.0 GVRP................................................................................................................................................................92
17.1 GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol)................................................................................................92
17.2 General Operation..........................................................................................................................................93
17.3 Per-Port Options for Handling GVRP “Unknown VLANs”..........................................................................95
17.4 Per-Port Options for Dynamic VLAN Advertising and Joining....................................................................95
17.4.1 Enabling a Static VLAN for Dynamic Joins.........................................................................................95
17.4.2 Parameters for Controlling VLAN Propagation Behavior....................................................................95
17.5 GVRP and VLAN Access Control ................................................................................................................96
17.6 Port-Leave From a Dynamic VLAN..............................................................................................................96
17.7 Planning for GVRP Operation.......................................................................................................................97
17.8 Configuring GVRP On a Switch....................................................................................................................97
17.9 Enabling and Disabling GVRP on the Switch. ..............................................................................................97
17.10 Displaying the Static and Dynamic VLANs Active on the Switch. ..........................................................98
17.11 GVRP Operating Notes.............................................................................................................................98
17.12 Web: View and Configure GVRP Parameters...........................................................................................99
18.0 Link-Loss Learn Feature..............................................................................................................................100
18.1 CLI..........................................................................................................................................................100
18.2 Web: View and Configure Link Loss Learn................................................................................................100
19.0 ALARM RELAY SYSTEM ..........................................................................................................................101
19.1 CLI...............................................................................................................................................................101

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19.2 Web: View and Configure Alarms ..............................................................................................................102
20.0 SMTP (SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL)..................................................................................103
20.1 Email Alert Features....................................................................................................................................103
20.2 CLI...............................................................................................................................................................103
20.3 Web: View and Configure SMTP Relay .....................................................................................................105
21.0 802.1X - PORT BASED NETWORK ACCESS CONTROL......................................................................106
21.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................106
21.2 Overview .....................................................................................................................................................106
21.3 Protocol Operation.......................................................................................................................................107
21.4 CLI...............................................................................................................................................................108
21.5 Web: View and Configure 802.1x...............................................................................................................116
22.0 TACACS+ (TERMINAL ACCESS CONTROLLER ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM) .........................117
22.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................117
22.2 History.........................................................................................................................................................117
22.3 Overview .....................................................................................................................................................117
22.4 LE2425A / LEV2525A TACACS+.............................................................................................................117
22.5 Packet Encryption........................................................................................................................................120
22.6 CLI...............................................................................................................................................................120
22.7 Web: View and Configure 802.1x...............................................................................................................121
23.0 TROUBLESHOOTING................................................................................................................................122
23.1 Overview .....................................................................................................................................................122
23.2 Troubleshooting Approaches.......................................................................................................................122
23.3 Console Access Problems............................................................................................................................122
23.4 Unusual Network Activity...........................................................................................................................122
23.5 General Problems ........................................................................................................................................123
23.5.1 Duplicate IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................123
23.5.2 SNTP or Gateway Problems ...............................................................................................................123
23.6 Using the Event Log To Identify Problem Sources.....................................................................................123
23.7 Web: Viewing the Event Log......................................................................................................................126
23.7.1 Events Severity (Color Scheme).........................................................................................................126
23.8 Diagnostic Tools..........................................................................................................................................126
23.8.1 Ping Test.............................................................................................................................................126
23.8.2 CLI: Ping Test.....................................................................................................................................127
23.9 CLI Administrative and Troubleshooting Commands.................................................................................127
APPENDIX A..............................................................................................................................................................128
Daylight Savings Time on LE2425A and LEV2525A Switches ..............................................................................128
List of valid country codes to set daylight settings...................................................................................................128
APPENDIX B ..............................................................................................................................................................128
How to Upgrade........................................................................................................................................................128
Upgrade over the Network........................................................................................................................................131
Boot Code Upgrade ..................................................................................................................................................131

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1.0 Getting Started
1.1 Getting Started with Switch Configuration
This section is a guide for using the console Switch Setup commands to quickly assign an IP (Internet
Protocol) address and subnet mask to the switch. You can also set a Manager password and
configure other basic features from Switch Setup commands.
(For Hardware Installation and configuration, please see the user guide for hardware).
1.2 Software Upgrade
If your LE2425A / LEV2525A already has the software then you will get the Login prompt when you
boot up the switch, otherwise you will get the Boot prompt and you will have to upgrade the software
(For details refer Appendix B)
Below is a screen example of the boot prompt.
1.3 Recommended Minimal Configuration
In the factory default configuration, the switch has no IP (Internet Protocol) address and subnet mask.
In this state, it can be managed only through a direct console connection. To manage the switch
through in-band (networked) access, you should configure the switch with an IP address and subnet
mask compatible with your network. Also, you should change the Manager password to control
access privileges from the console. The default password is “manager” for the Manager user and
“operator” for the Operator user respectively. Many other features such as optimizing the switch’s
performance, enhancing your control of the network traffic, and improving network security can be
configured through the switch’s console interface. Once an IP address has been configured on the
switch, these features can be accessed more conveniently through an SNMP network management
station running a network management program. For a listing of switch features available with and
without an IP address, refer to Chapter: “How IP Configuration”.
1.4 Using the Console Setup Screen
The quickest and easiest way to minimally configure the switch for management and password
protection in your network is to use the following sequence. Use a direct console connection to the
switch, start a console session, and access the Switch Setup screen.
1. Using the method described in the preceding section, connect a terminal device to the switch and it
will display the switch console command (CLI) prompt (the default display).
The CLI prompt appears displaying the switch model number:
LE2425A#
OR
LEV2525A#

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Below is an example of the above prompt.
Below is the sequence of activities that must be completed for the network to find your switch.
1. Boot up the switch.
2. Set the Manager Password (optional).
3. Configure the IP Address and enter the IP address that is compatible with your network.
4. Configure the Subnet Mask and enter the subnet mask used for your network.
5. Configure the Default Gateway of your Network.
Syntax: ipconfig [ip=<ipaddress>] [mask=<subnet-mask>] [dgw=<gateway>]
Example: ipconfig ip=192.168.1.150 mask=255.255.255.0 dgw=192.168.1.10
6. Save
7. Restart the unit.
Note: Soft reboot given an opportunity to save the configuration prior to shutdown.
LE2425A#reboot
Proceed on rebooting the switch? [ 'Y' or 'N' ]Y
Do you wish to save current configuration? [ 'Y' or 'N' ]
The switch is now configured with a Manager Password, IP address, and subnet mask, and can be
accessed through the Console, Telnet, Web or an SNMP-based network management tools. Here is
some information about the basic fields.
Parameter Default
System Name LE2425A/LEV2525A Optional;
System Contact [e-mail] Optional;
Manager Password manager Recommended;
Logon Default CLI The default setting;
Time Zone 0 (none) Optional;
Community Name (Get) public Default setting recommended;
Community Name (Set) private Default setting recommended;
Default Gateway blank Optional;
IP Address blank Recommended;
Note: The IP address and subnet mask assigned for the switch must be compatible with the IP
addresses used in your network. For more information on IP addressing, see the Chapter 5.
1.5 To Recover from a Lost Manager Password:
If you cannot start a console session at the manager level because of a lost Manager password, please
contact [email protected].

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2.0 Console Management Interface
This chapter describes the following:
•Management interfaces for the LE2425A and LEV2525A Switches.
•Advantages of using each interface.
2.1 Understanding Management Interfaces
The console interface is accessed through the DB-9 RS232 connector. Attach a VT100 compatible
terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the serial port.
USB to serial adapters are also available for laptops or computers that do not have native serial ports
Management interfaces enable you to reconfigure the switch and to monitor switch status and
performance. The LE2425A and LEV2525A switches offer the following interfaces:
•CLI – A command line interface offering the full set of switch commands through the VT-100 or
equivalent console built into the switch.
•Web browser interface --a switch interface offering status information and a subset of switch
commands through a standard web browser (such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet
Explorer)
This manual describes how to use the CLI, Web Interface and how to use these interfaces to configure
and monitor the switch.
The MNS software supports a command-line interface (CLI) through the serial port.
Note: CLI is also accessible through Telnet.
The command-line interface enables local or remote unit installation and maintenance. A set of system
commands allows effective monitoring, configuration and debugging of the device.
2.2 Console Port Connection
Attach a VT100 compatible terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the serial port
on the switch. Use the null-modem cable.
When attaching to a PC, set terminal emulation type to VT100, specify the port used by your PC (i.e,
COM 1~4), and then set communications to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and 38400 bps (for initial
configuration). Also be sure to set flow control to ‘none’.

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2.3 Advantages of Using the CLI
LE2425A> Operator Level
LE2425A# Manager Level
LE2425A## Configuration Level
Prompt = Product + Model
For example,
LEV2525 prompt would be LEV2525A> for operator level and LEV2525A# for manager level.
•Provides access to the complete set of switch configuration, performance, and diagnostic features.
•Enables quick management level access of the detailed system configuration to system operators and
administrators experienced in command prompt interfaces.
•Provides help at each level for determining available options and variables.
2.4 CLI Usage
•To perform specific procedures such as configuring IP addressing or VLAN or any other module.
•To monitor and analyze switch operations.
2.5 Advantages of Using the Web Browser Interface
•Easy access to the switch from anywhere on the network
•Familiar browser interface--locations of window objects consistent with commonly used browsers,
uses mouse clicking for navigation, no terminal setup
•Many features have all their fields in one screen so you can view all values at once
•More visual cues, using colors, status bars, device icons, and other graphical objects instead of
relying solely on alphanumeric values
•Display of acceptable ranges of values available in configuration list boxes

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3.0 Using the Command Line Interface (CLI)
The CLI (Command Line Interface) is a text-based command interface for configuring and
monitoring the switch. The CLI gives you access to the switch’s full set of commands while providing
password protection.
The switch executes a multi-tasking operating system on its control processor that manages all system
activities. This system allows the administrator to query and configure the switch from either an
attached terminal or any of its attached network interfaces.
3.1 Accessing the CLI
This section provides information on how to access the console commands and set or enable the
advanced configuration features in the switch.
The CLI is accessed through the switch console. You can access the console out-of-band by directly
connecting a terminal device to the switch, or in-band by using Telnet either from a terminal device or
through the network interface.
3.2 Using the CLI
The CLI offers the following privilege levels to prevent unauthorized access to the switch:
Operator
Manager
When you use the CLI mode to make a configuration change, the switch writes the changes to the
Running Configuration file in volatile memory. This allows you to test your configuration changes
before making them permanent. To make changes permanent, you must use the save command to
save them to the Startup Configuration file in non-volatile memory. If you reboot the switch without
first using save, all changes made since the last reboot or save (whichever is later) will be lost.
3.3 Privilege Levels at Logon
Privilege levels control the type of access to the CLI. To implement this control, you must set the
Manager password (By default, the manager password is “manager”. If passwords are set when you
use the CLI to log on to the switch, you will be prompted to enter a user then enter a password.
For example:
Example of CLI Login Screen
In the above case, you will enter the CLI at the level corresponding to the user and password
combination you provide (operator or manager). Suppose you log onto the CLI at the Manager level,
the following prompt will appear:
LE2425A#_
OR
LEV2525A#_

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We strongly recommend that you change both the Manager and the operator password. Note that
changing only an Operator password does not prevent access to the Manager level by intruders who
have the Manager password.
3.3.1 Operator Privileges
At the Operator level you can examine the current configuration and move between interfaces without
being able to change the configuration. A ">" character delimits the Operator-level prompt.
For example:
LE2425A>_ (Example of the Operator prompt.)
3.3.2 Manager Privileges
Manager privileges give you three additional levels of access: Manager, Global Configuration, and
Context Configuration. A “#” character delimits any Manager prompt. For example:
LE2425A#_ (Example of the Manager prompt.)
Manager level: Provides all Operator level privileges plus the ability to perform system-level actions.
The prompt for the Manager level contains only the system name and the “#” delimiter, as shown
above. To select this level, enter the enable <manager> command at the Operator level prompt and
enter the Manager password, when prompted. For example:
LE2425A> enable <Manager> (Enter enable at the Operator prompt.)
LE2425A# _ (The Manager prompt.)
Global Configuration level: Provides all Operator and Manager level privileges, and enables you to
make configuration changes to any of the switch’s software features. The prompt for the Global
Configuration level includes the system IP, System Date, time etc.
Context Configuration level: Provides all Operator and Manager privileges, and enables you to
make configuration changes in a specific context, such as one or more ports or a VLAN. The prompt
for the Context Configuration level includes the system name and the selected context.
For example:
LE2425A# configure vlan type=port
OR
LE2425A# vlan type=port
LE2425A(port-vlan)##_ (The Configuration Prompt)
3.4 User Management
Using this module you can add, modify and delete user names and passwords. You can add 5 users
maximum. Two privilege levels are available; Manager and Operator. Level 1 is meant for
OPERATOR and Level 2 for MANAGER. For example, if you want to set up user name for basic
monitoring capabilities then use lower number (Level 1).
Note: You can add more then one manager but total limit of users is five (including OPERATORS
and MANAGERS).
3.4.1 CLI Commands
To Add User
Syntax: add user=<name> level=<number>
LE2425A(user)##add user=Raj level=2
Enter User Password :******
Confirm New Password :******
In this example, User ‘Raj’ will be added with Manager privilege.

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To Delete User
Syntax: delete user=<name>
LE2425A(user)##delete user=Raj
Confirm User Deletion(Y/N): Y
User successfully deleted
To modify Password
Syntax: passwd user=<name>
LE2425A(user)## passwd user=Raj
Enter New Password :******
Confirm New Password :******
Password has been modified successfully
To modify the Privilege Level
Syntax: chlevel user=<name> level=<number>
LE2425A(user)## chlevel user=Raj level=1
Access Permission Modified
In this example, User ‘Raj’ has been modified with Operator privilege.
3.5 Listing Commands and Command Options
At any privilege level you can:
•List all of the commands available at that level
•List the options for a specific command
Listing Commands Available at Any Privilege Level
At a given privilege level you can execute the commands that level offers plus all of the commands
available at preceding levels. For example, at the Operator level you can list and execute only the
Operator level commands. However, at the Manager level you can list and execute the commands
available at both the Operator and Manager levels.
Privilege Level Example of Prompt and Permitted Operations
3.5.1 Operator Privilege
-View status and configuration information.
-Perform connectivity tests.
-Move from the Operator level to the Manager level using the ‘enable’ command.
-Exit from the CLI interface and terminate the console
session using the ‘logout’ command.
For a list of available commands, enter ‘help’ at the prompt.
For example, to view status and configuration information of the Operator Level use the show
command:
LE2425A> show <command>
3.5.2 Manager Privilege
At the Manager Level (LE2425A#) prompt you can perform system-level actions such as system
control, configuration, monitoring, and diagnostic commands, plus any of the Operator-level
commands. For a list of available commands, enter ‘help’ at the prompt.
At the Configuration (LE2425A##) prompt you can execute configuration commands, plus all
Operator and Manager commands. For a list of available commands, enter ‘help’ at the Context
Configuration prompt.
3.5.3 Type "help" To List Available Commands.
Typing the ‘help’command lists the commands you can execute at the current privilege level. For
example, typing ‘help’at the Operator level produces this listing:

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LE2425A> help
Typing ‘help’ at the Manager level produces this listing
LE2425A# help
3.5.4 Displaying CLI "Help"
CLI Help provides four types of context-sensitive information:
•Command list with a brief summary of each command’s purpose.
•Detailed information on how to use individual commands.
•Command line verbosity with possible options.
•Command usage of specific commands.
3.5.5 Displaying Help for an Individual Command.
You can display Help for any command that is available at the current context level by typing help
then entering enough of the command string to identify the command.
Syntax: help <command string>
For example, to list the Help for the set time command at the
Configuration privilege level type:
LE2425A# help set time
3.5.6 Displaying Help for a particular command.
You can display the command usage of a specific command by typing the command and pressing
enter.
Syntax: <Command Name> <Enter>

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3.5.7 Displaying Help with all possibilities.
You can display Help for all possible commands and options that are available by pressing the
<TAB> key.
Syntax: <TAB>
Or <Command string> <TAB>
Or <First character of the command> <TAB>
For example, <TAB> will list the available commands in the particular privilege level:
LE2425A > <TAB>
clear
enable
exit
help
logout
ping
set
show
telnet
terminal
walkmib
whoami
LE2425A > s <TAB>
set
show
LE2425A # set <TAB>
bootmode
date
daylight
logsize
password
serial
snmp
stp
time
timeformat
timeout
timezone
vlan