BOCK Stellar Installation and operating instructions

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Assembly and operation manual
Comfort/nursing care bed
stellar

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Dear valued customer,
with your decision to purchase a comfort/nursing care bed from Hermann
Bock GmbH, you are receiving a long-lasting care product with superior
functionality at the highest safety level. Our electrically operated com-
fort/nursing care beds guarantee optimal lying comfort and allow profes-
sional care at the same time. This product was designed with a focus on the
elderly, whose confidence must be reinforced and whose life needs protec-
tion. With this health care product, we meet these requirements.
We urge you to prevent potential malfunctions and the risk of accidents by
complying strictly with the safety and operating instructions and by carry-
ing out the necessary maintenance.
Klaus Bock Dr. Stefan Kettelhoit

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Table of contents
1Preface and general instructions ......................................................................... 4
1.1 Intended purpose.............................................................................................. 4
1.2 Definition of person groups .............................................................................. 5
1.3 Safety instructions............................................................................................. 6
1.4 Service life / warranty ....................................................................................... 7
1.5 Requirements for the installation location ....................................................... 7
1.6 Type plate.......................................................................................................... 8
2General description of the functions.................................................................. 10
3Electric parts ..................................................................................................... 14
3.1 The drive unit .................................................................................................. 14
3.2 Caution: Electric drive ..................................................................................... 14
3.3 Drives............................................................................................................... 15
3.4 The controller.................................................................................................. 15
3.5 The hand control ............................................................................................. 16
3.6 Cable hand switch - lock functions.................................................................. 17
3.7 Wireless hand switch for the domestic environment ..................................... 18
4Assembly and operation .................................................................................... 21
4.1 Technical data ................................................................................................. 21
4.2 stellar............................................................................................................... 23
4.3 Mounting the side rails.................................................................................... 32
4.4 Emergency lowering - back part (standard) .................................................... 35
4.5 Emergency lowering - back part (optional)..................................................... 36
4.6 Change of location .......................................................................................... 37
4.7 Transport, storage and operating conditions.................................................. 37
4.8 Function notes................................................................................................. 37
4.9 Disposal ........................................................................................................... 37
4.10 Troubleshooting .............................................................................................. 38
5Accessories........................................................................................................ 39
5.1 Special dimensions .......................................................................................... 39
6Cleaning, maintenance and disinfection ............................................................ 40
6.1 Cleaning and care............................................................................................ 40
6.2 Disinfection ..................................................................................................... 41
6.3 Avoidance of hazards ...................................................................................... 41
7Guidance and manufacturer's declaration ......................................................... 43
8Regular inspections with service........................................................................ 45

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1Preface and general instructions
The various bed systems from Hermann Bock meet special requirements for the use in
care and treatment facilities as well as for home care. Reliable functionality and a long
product life make each bed particularly valuable. Our beds need little maintenance with
proper operation and care. Each bed from Hermann Bock must pass quality testing in a
final inspection before it is shipped anywhere. The beds are manufactured according to
the current standards and compliant with the statutory requirements for medically used
beds, and tested accordingly.
The nursing care beds comply with the EN 60601-2-52 standard. The electrical building
components comply with safety standard EN 60601-1 for medical devices. Comfort beds
that can be converted into full-fledged nursing care beds are medical devices, and are to
be assigned to Class 1.
These standards divide the beds in five different areas of use:
1. Intensive care in a hospital; intensive care bed
2. Short-term care in a hospital or other medical facility; patient bed in the hospital
3. Long-term care in medical environment; stationary nursing care bed
4. Care at home, pure so-called “HomeCare bed”
5. Home-care nursing service
1.1 Intended purpose
The comfort/nursing care bed is suitable for persons in the
need of care (adults) who are at least 146 cm tall. The person's
weight must not exceed 185 kg and must be over 40 kg. The
body mass index (BMI = weight of the person (kg) / body height
of the person (m)2) must be greater than or equal to 17.
The stellar may be used as a nursing care bed in homes for the elderly or nursing homes
and rehabilitation facilities. It is used to alleviate a disability and/or to facilitate the lives
of people who are in need of care or to make the work of their caregivers easier. Accord-
ingly, the nursing care beds are designed to be used for the application environments 3 to
5. Furthermore, the stellar as a comfort bed was also designed as a convenient solution
for the home care of frail and elderly people, as well as for the home care of people with
disabilities. Accordingly, the comfort bed described below is intended for the application
environment 4.
Any other use is considered improper and is excluded from a possible liability claim.
The Trendelenburg function may not be used for this comfort / nursing care bed.

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The comfort/nursing care bed is not suitable for the use in hospitals. It is also not designed
to transport patients. The comfort/nursing care bed can only be moved within the pa-
tient's room - even during a patient positioning - for example, for cleaning or to provide a
better access to the patient.
The comfort/nursing care bed is suitable for the re-use. Please observe the instructions
for cleaning, care and disinfection in these assembly and operation manual. Special atten-
tion must also be paid to the information regarding the inspections.
Attention: The comfort/nursing care bed has no special connection options for an poten-
tial equalisation. Electrical medical devices connected to the patient intravascular or in-
tracardiac may not be used. The operator of the medical products has to ensure that the
combination of the equipment meets the requirements of EN 60601-1.
This user manual contains safety instructions. All persons working with the com-
fort/nursing care beds must be acquainted with the contents of these instructions. Im-
proper operation can result in personal injuries.
1.2 Definition of person groups
Operator
Operators (e.g. medical supply stores, specialist dealers, facilities and cost units) include
all physical or juridical persons, who use the comfort/nursing care bed, or have the com-
fort/nursing care bed used upon their order. The briefing on the use of the product shall
generally be conducted by the operator.
User
Users are persons whose training, experience or briefing on the product allows them to
operate the comfort/nursing care bed or carry out works on it. The user is able to recog-
nize possible hazards and/or to avoid them and to assess the health condition of the pa-
tient.
Patient/resident
Person with one or more disabilities, one or more activity restrictions, one or more par-
ticipation restrictions or a combination thereof.
Qualified personnel
Employees of the operator are referred to as qualified personnel. They are entitled to
deliver the comfort/nursing care bed, assemble, dismantle and transport it, on the basis
of their training or instructions. Besides knowing how to operate, mount and demount
the comfort/nursing care bed, these persons must be instructed according to the guide-
lines concerning the cleaning and disinfection of the comfort/nursing care bed.

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1.3 Safety instructions
The intended use/operation of all moving parts is as important for the safety of the person
in need of care as well as for the relatives and the caregivers/nursing staff to avoid poten-
tially dangerous situations. This requires the correct installation and operation of the com-
fort/nursing care bed. The individual physique of the person in need of care as well as type
and the extent of their disability must be taken into account by all means when operating
the comfort/nursing care bed.
Avoid dangers, accidental motor adjustments and incorrect operation by using the disa-
bling function. When the operator, e.g. the nursing staff/caregivers or the care providing
relative leaves the room, the entire operating functions of the comfort/nursing care bed
should be disabled via the key on the hand control. This is achieved by operating the key
of the hand control. First, lower the lying surface to the lowest position and activate the
lock function with a twist of the key, located in the key lock on the backside. Remove the
key and check the function of the hand control for safety reasons. Make sure that it is
indeed locked.
These recommendations apply particularly:
–if the person in need of care cannot operate the hand control safely due to
certain disabilities;
–if the person in need of care or the caregivers could be at risk due to those
accidental adjustments;
–if the side rails are in a raised position and there could be danger of trapping
and crushing,
–if children are unsupervised in the room with the comfort/nursing care bed.
Always make sure that the hand control (when not in use) is securely hooked in the sup-
port hook at the comfort/nursing care bed and cannot drop.
As a general rule, the comfort/nursing care bed should be operated by instructed nursing
staff/caregivers, relatives or in attendance of instructed persons.
When adjusting the lying surface, it is particularly important to ensure that no limbs are
placed within the adjustment range of the side rails. If the side rails are adjusted, pay
attention to the correct lying position of the person in need of care.
Prior to making any electrical adjustment, it should, as a general rule, be made sure that
no limbs are positioned in the adjustment range between the chassis and the head or foot
part, especially that there are no persons or animals in the area between the floor and the
raised lying surface. In case of a double bed, it must also be ensured that there are no
limbs between the two lying surfaces. Danger of being crushed is particularly high in these

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areas. Always pay attention to objects that are near or even below the comfort/nursing
care bed. This can lead to damages.
The permitted person’s weight depends on the total weight of the equipment that has
been mounted to the bed (mattresses and other electronic medical devices). For safe
working load, please refer to the type plate on the lying surface frame of the bed.
1.4 Service life / warranty
This comfort/nursing care bed was developed, designed and manufactured for a safe op-
eration over a long period of time. With proper operation and maintenance, this com-
fort/nursing care bed has an expected service life of 15 to 20 years. The service life de-
pends on operating conditions and frequency.
Attention: Unauthorised technical changes to the product voids all warranty claims.
This product is not approved for the North American market, particularly not for the
United States of America (USA). Distribution and use of the comfort/nursing care bed in
these markets, including through third parties, is prohibited by the manufacturer.
1.5 Requirements for the installation location
The company Hermann Bock GmbH is not liable for damages which might arise from the
daily usage on the floor.
To avoid floor indentations, floor should correspond to the recommendations of the FEB
- Fachverband der Hersteller elastischer Bodenbeläge e. V. (Association of Elastic Floor
Coverings Manufacturers). To do this, the technical information FEB No. 3 can be refer-
enced.
Hazard note from Bock
Simultaneous use of electrical appliances particularly in the vicinity of the operational com-
fort/nursing care bed may result in small electromagnetic interactions of these electric devices,
e.g. static noise in the radio. In such rare events, increase the distance of the devices. Do not use
the same socket or temporarily switch off the interference source and/or the disturbing or dis-
turbed device.
If the comfort / nursing care bed is operated with electrical or medical devices contrary to its
intended purpose, the functions of the comfort / nursing care bed must first be deactivated for
the duration of use via the integrated locking function in the hand control.

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1.6 Type plate
Each comfort/nursing care bed is marked with an individual type plate. Either there is only
one sticker on your comfort/nursing care bed (Fig. 1, previous comfort/nursing care bed
models) or there are two separate type plates (Fig. 2, current comfort/nursing care bed
models) on your comfort/nursing care bed.
Type plate for previous comfort/nursing care bed models
(1) Model designation
(2) Manufacture date: Day, month and year
(3) Serial number: Order number - consecutive number
(4) Mains voltage, mains frequency and power input
(5) Duty cycle
(6) Drive protection class
(7) Maximum patient weight / safe working load
(8) Manufacturer
(9) Symbols (located on the right side)
Conformity mark according to the medical device directive
IPX4
Protection of electrical equipment against splashing water
Medical application part type B
Use only in dry rooms
Protection class II (double insulation, insulated for protection)
Within the European Union, this product must be disposed via the
separated municipal waste. Product may not be disposed
of as household waste.
Symbol for maximum patient weight
Symbol for safe working load
Symbol for observance of the user manual

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Type plate for current comfort/nursing care bed models
Model
Model designation in German (DE) and English (EN)
SN
Serial number
REF
Item numbers
Mains voltage, mains frequency, power input,
Duty cycle (INT)
Drive protection class
Date of manufacture (year-month)
Patient weight
Safe working load
Machine readable serial number
Patient population
Follow the instructions appropriate for mattress size and thick-
ness
Conformity mark according to the medical device directive
Protection class II (double insulation, insulated for protection)
Within the European Union, this product must be disposed via
the separated municipal waste. Product may not be disposed
of as household waste.
Use only in dry rooms
Medical application part type B
Symbol for observance of the user manual
Address of the manufacturer

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2General description of the functions
Construction design and function
Corrosion protection
The Hermann Bock GmbH comfort/nursing care beds are developed and constructed in
such a way that they can function for a long time and safely. For this reason, all materials
that may corrode are protected accordingly. All metal parts are equipped with a surface
protection. The steel parts are either galvanised or stove-enamelled with a PES powder
coating and the aluminium profiles are anodised.
The lying surface with 4 function areas
The lying surface consists as standard of a slatted comfort frame (can alternatively be fit-
ted with aluminium slats or special suspension systems) and is divided into four functional
areas: Backrest, solid seat, upper and lower leg rest.
The comprehensive lying surface frame is welded from a steel/aluminium tube. The steel
tubes are stove-enamelled with a PES-powder coating. The electric variable height adjust-
ment of the lying surface is carried out with protective low-voltage DC motors (29 to 35V),
and controlled with the smooth keys of the hand controller. The backrest can be adjusted
electrically. The leg part consists of a foot support that is divided into two parts. With a
touch of a button on the hand control, each individual position can be adjusted continu-
ously. In case of a power failure the back part that can be lowered by loosening the tube
clip.
The chassis
The height adjustment of the comfort/nursing care bed is performed through a base
frame with two individual drives. The surface of the tubular steel structure is stove-enam-
elled with a PES-powder coating.
1 long back part
2 fixed seat part
3 upper leg rest
4 lower leg rest

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The side rail
Each comfort/nursing care bed can be equipped on both sides with two side rails at a
special safety height. The side rails can be lifted and lowered. Depending on the model,
shorter or longer divided side rail variations are available. The side rails can be retrofitted
on the stellar comfort/nursing care bed.
Operating the telescopic split side rails (optional)
Each side rail element can be adjusted independently from the rest
of the side rail parts. The release buttons for adjustment are on the
bottom of the telescopic post and on the top of the appropriate end
panel of the comfort/nursing care beds, right next to the metal
guides for the side guard rail bars.
To lower the side rail element, hold the upper knob (1) of the middle
post with one hand, lift it up slightly, and with the other hand press
the release button (2) on the middle post in the inner direction.
The side rail opens at the corresponding place and can be easily low-
ered downwards as far as it will go (3). The side rail is now diagonal.
To also lower the other side, please hold the side rail on the side of
the end panel at the gripping groove (4), and slowly raise the side
rail somewhat. Now, you can fully press the release button (5) and
slowly lower the side rail.
Please observe:
Be sure to raise the side rail slightly, and only then press
the release button! Failure to do so will result in dam-
age to the release.
The side rail is now in the lowered position.
If the side rail element should be placed in the top position to aid in
fall prevention, reach with both hands in the centre of the gripping
groove (6) in the upper side guard rail, and pull it upwards until you
hear it click into place at both ends. The side rail is now in a pulled-
up position.

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Fig. 1: Continuous wood side rail
Fig. 2: Short divided telescopic wood side rail, solo post in the middle
Fig. 3: Long partitioned telescopic wood side rail, double post in the middle
All dimensions in mm.
(*) Depending on the length of the lying surface.

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Legend
A: Distance between the head part and the side rail
B: Height 1 of side rail
C: Height 2 of side rail
D: Length 1 of the side rail
E: Distance between the elements within the side rail
F: Distance between the divided side rails
G: Distance between the lying surface and the upper edge of the side rail
H: Height of the top edge of the side rail above the mattress without compression
I: Thickness of the mattress for the intended use
J: Length 2 of the side rail
K: Smallest dimension between side rail and lying surface (or the panel, if any)
L: Distance between the foot part and the side rail
Item numbers
Designation Item No.:
Fig. 1: Continuous wood side rail
Wooden side rail (two bars) 410
Fig. 2: Telescopic wooden side rail, solo post in the middle
Wooden side rail (two bars) 410
Fig. 3: Telescopic wooden side rail, double post in the middle
Wooden side rail long head part (two bars) 410
Wooden side rail short foot end (two bars) 410
The respective characteristics are defined during the ordering process. A decor for the wooden
side rails can also be specified here.
Hazard note from Bock
Use only original Bock side rails, which are available as accessories for every comfort / nursing
care bed.
Use only technically flawless and non-damaged side rails with the permissible gap dimensions.
Make sure that the side rails are engaged securely.
Before installation of the side rail and each new use, inspect all mechanical parts on the bed
frame, and all parts of the side rails, and all parts which secure the side rails, for any possible
damages.
The operation of the side rail should be done with great care. Fingers can be quickly pinched
between the longitudinal pieces.

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3Electric parts
3.1 The drive unit
The drive unit consists of individual drives for the electrical adjustment of the back and
leg rest part. The level adjustment is performed with two individual drives that are at-
tached to the chassis. The adjustment range of these individual drives is determined via
Hall sensors. The motors and the hand control are connected to the inner control box. The
internal control box includes a switch box with a rectifier in which the input voltage is
converted into a protective low voltage of max. 29 VDC direct current. The motors, con-
troller and the hand control function with this non-hazardous low protective voltage. The
cables are double-insulated and the mains plug has a primary fuse.
A power adjustment provides constant function speed. Therefore, the safety functions
comply with protection class II and the moisture barrier protection type IPX4.
The maximum duty cycle is specified on the (type plate) of the comfort/nursing care bed.
For example, 10% duty cycle (2 min. ON / 18 min. OFF) means that any electronic adjust-
ment can be performed for a max. of 2 minutes within a timeframe of 20 minutes (pro-
tection against overheating).
If the maximum setting time of two minutes is exceeded by two minutes (e.g. someone
plays continuously with the hand control), which could lead to overheating of the control-
ler or drives, the thermal fuse immediately shuts off the power supply to the com-
fort/nursing care bed. After a cooling time of approx. one hour, the power supply in the
controller is automatically restored.
3.2 Caution: Electric drive
The electrically operated comfort/nursing care bed enables the persons in the need of
care to support the recovery process psychologically and physically and at the same time
relieve pain through its various functions. As medical products, electrically operated com-
fort/nursing care beds require special care with regard to constant safety checks. This in-
cludes a safety-conscious handling of the comfort/nursing care bed, daily inspection of
electrical equipment and a proper maintenance and cleaning.
To prevent damages to the cables, wiring should be conducted outside of the area in
which damages could be caused. Furthermore, avoid touching the sharp parts. To prevent
injury through an electric shock, avoid the possibilities of too high contact voltages. These
circumstances may especially be the case if the power cable is damaged, if inadmissible
and excessive leakage currents exist, or if liquid was spilled into the motor housing, e.g.
during improper cleaning. This damage can cause malfunction of the controller, which
could result in unwanted movements of single bed elements, posing a risk of injury for the
operator and the person in need of care.

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3.3 Drives
Hermann Bock GmbH equips comfort/nursing care beds with drive systems from the com-
pany DewertOkin GmbH.
Each drive consists always of four main components.
–Housing
–Motor
–Gear
- Spindle with nut
The housing principle of the individual drive guarantees the permanent function of all
drive components. Through a detailed interior structure, the construction of the housing
interior creates an essential prerequisite for the precise integration of the drive technol-
ogy, as well as a trouble-free assembly/disassembly.
3.4 The controller
Controller comfort/nursing care bed stellar - front side
The stellar comfort/nursing care bed is equipped with a controller system from Dew-
ertOkin GmbH. Four drives can be connected to the controller (sockets 4, 5, 6 and 7). The
colour coding can be found in chapter 4 "Assembly and operation". Y-cabling is connected
to the connection socket for the hand control (socket 2). Make sure that a dummy plug is
fitted to the connection for the fifth motor (socket 3) and that a red jumper plug is plugged
into the connection for a second controller (socket 1).

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Controller stellar comfort/nursing care bed - back side
Connections are also provided on the back of the control box. A further control box (socket
8) for the ambient lighting, if available, is plugged in at this side.
3.5 The hand control
The hand control is equipped with a built-in locking device, which allows the caregivers to
lock the hand switch via a key completely or partially for its operation.
The lockable hand control, first-fault protected
The base functions can be controlled through the ten operation keys on the hand control.
The three icons in the centre indicate a special function that can be carried out by simul-
taneous applying finger pressure on the adjacent keys. The individual keys are marked
with corresponding symbols. The servomotors run until as long as a corresponding key is
pressed and held. A coiled cable allows the necessary freedom of movement while oper-
ating.
With the rear-mounted suspension unit, the hand control can be attached to the side rail
- particularly when cleaning and during the maintenance of the comfort/nursing care bed.
Thus, a possible disruptive position of the hand control can be avoided by simply attaching
it to any preferred spot on the comfort/nursing care bed.
Hazard note from Bock
Do not exceed the maximum duty cycle of 2 minutes. Observe a subsequent break of at least
18 minutes by all means.

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Function keys cable hand switch:
Reset movement comfort/nursing care bed stellar: The reset motion is carried out by
pushing key (10). Thereby, the comfort/nursing care bed will slowly move to the lowest
position. After a signal beep from the controller, reset is fully carried out. All motor posi-
tions can be reset by moving all motors to the lower position, with an actuation of the
respective button for about 1 second after the lower control limit switch has been
reached.
(*) The comfort sitting position just moves upwards. All adjusted positions can be lowered
by pressing key (13).
3.6 Cable hand switch - lock functions
The hand control comes with an integrated disabling function
that can be activated and deactivated with the corresponding
key. To disable the entire electrical function, insert the key in
the keylock on the backside and turn the lock function on or
off with a corresponding twist of the key.
A: Socket key
B: Release hand control keys
C: Comfort sitting position and low foot position locked
D: Release hand control keys
(1)
Back part upwards
(2)
Back part downwards
(3)
Floor lighting:
Push keys (1) and (2) simultaneously
(4)
Lower leg part upwards
(5)
Lower leg part downwards
(6)
Ambient lighting:
Push keys (4) and (5) simultaneously
(7)
Autocontour upwards
(8)
Autocontour downwards
(9)
Lying surface upwards
(10)
Lying surface downwards
(Interim stop at the 58 cm exit position)
(11)
Comfort sitting position upwards (*)
(12)
Foot-lowering position (anti-Trendelenburg)
(13)
Low function:
Push keys (11) and (12) simultaneously

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3.7 Wireless hand switch for the domestic environment
Wireless hand switch function keys:
Reset movement comfort bed stellar: The reset motion is carried out by pushing key (11).
Thereby, the comfort bed will slowly move to the lowest position. After a signal beep from
the controller, reset is fully carried out. All motor positions can be reset by moving all
motors to the lower position, with an actuation of the respective button for about 1 sec-
ond after the lower control limit switch has been reached.
Commissioning of the wireless hand switch:
A radio communication with the drive system must be established ("teach-in") in order to
commission the wireless controller. This teach-in process will take place directly with the
drive system.
(1)
Foot-lowering position (anti-Trendelenburg)
(2)
Lying surface, back and lower leg part downwards
(3)
Low function
(4)
Back part upwards
(5)
Back part downwards
(6)
Lower leg part upwards
(7)
Lower leg part downwards
(8)
Autocontour upwards
(9)
Autocontour downwards
(10)
Lying surface upwards
(11)
Lying surface downwards
(Interim stop at the 58 cm exit position)
(12)
Comfort sitting position upwards
(13)
Comfort sitting position downwards
(14)
Flashlight in the wireless hand switch
(15)
Synchronization on/off
(16)
Radio-controlled socket on/off
(17)
Battery status wireless hand switch
(18)
Ambient lighting
(19)
Parental lock on/off
(hold for 3 sec.)
Hazard note from Bock
The wireless hand switch may only be used for the domestic environment, application envi-
ronment 4 (= comfort bed stellar). Use of this wireless hand switch in application environ-
ments 3 and 5 can lead to interactions with other radio signals and is therefore not considered
intended use.

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1. Plug the mains plug of the drive system into the socket.
2. Remove the battery cover (1) on the back of the wireless hand switch. Insert the
batteries (see battery change) without touching the contact surface.
3. Using the cable hand switch, move the back part upwards to see the controller
(2) for the wireless hand switch. This is located on the head side under the cover.
Press the Reset / Pairing button (3) on the drive system 2x in quick succession.
The pairing LED turns on. The drive system is now in learning mode for approx.
10sec.
4. Press the pairing button (4) in the battery compartment of the wireless hand
switch (e.g. with the tip of a ballpoint pen), and keep the pairing button pressed
until the pairing LED flashes. As soon as the teach-in is finished, the pairing LED
will light up permanently. The teach-in has been completed.
5. After the teach-in, the operation can be carried out via the wireless hand switch.

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6. Close the battery compartment with the battery cover on the back of the wireless
hand switch.
If the drive does not start when the button is pressed, release the button
briefly and press it again. If necessary, repeat the teach-in procedure.
Battery change:
1. Remove the battery cover on the back of the wireless hand switch.
2. Insert the three batteries (AAA) into the battery compartment.
3. Close the battery compartment with the battery cover on the back of the wireless
hand switch.
Hazard note from Bock
All drive components must not be opened!
Troubleshooting or exchanging single electrical components may only be performed only by
special qualified personnel.
Hazard note from Bock
The motors meet the water protection standard IPX4. Do not squeeze/crush the cables. Adjust-
ment of moving parts may only be used for the intended use. Hermann Bock GmbH assumes no
liability for unauthorized technical changes.
.
Hazard note from Bock
Do not try to fix failures on the electrical equipment itself. It could be fatal! Either call the cus-
tomer service of Hermann Bock GmbH or an authorised/licensed electrician who conducts the
troubleshooting in compliance with all relevant VDE regulations and safety regulations.