Circutor QNA 412 User manual

ELECTRICITY POWER SUPPLY
QUALITY ANALYZER
QNA 412
(Code Q20512 / Q20532 / Q20542)
USER MANUAL
( M98155501-03-07A )
(c) CIRCUTOR S.A.

Page no. 1
QNA CONTENTS page no.
1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................................3
1.1.- Checking the contents of your package....................................................... 3
1.2.- QNA-412 models.......................................................................................... 3
1.3.- Safety warnings............................................................................................ 4
1.4.- Operating instructions.................................................................................. 4
2.- MAIN FEATURES.............................................................................................................4
2.1.- Basic features.............................................................................................. 5
2.2.- Electrical features......................................................................................... 6
3.- ANALYSIS MODES..........................................................................................................7
4.- DATA STORAGE IN MEMORY (automatic mode).........................................................7
5.- INSTALLATION & START-UP .......................................................................................8
5.1.- Connection terminal..................................................................................... 9
5.1.1.- Models RS232/RS485 and GPRS/RS232................................................ 9
5.1.2.- Model ETHERNET............................................................................ 10
5.1.3.- Communications cables for RJ 11 connectors.................................. 11
5.2.- Starting the QNA-412 analyzer.................................................................. 12
5.3.- Connection diagram for the QNA-412........................................................ 13
5.3.1.- 4 wire three-phase power systems................................................... 13
5.3.1.1.- Direct voltage and four current transformers........................... 13
5.3.1.2.- Three voltage transformers (4 wire) and three current
transformers .......................................................................................... 14
5.3.2.- 3 wire three-phase power systems................................................... 15
5.3.2.1.- Three voltage transformers (3 wire) and three current
transformers (recommended MV installation)........................................ 15
5.3.2.2.- Direct voltage (3 wire) and three current transformers ............ 16
5.3.2.3.- Direct voltage (3 wire) and two current transformers (ARON). 17
5.3.2.4.- Two voltage transformers (3 wire) and three current
transformers .......................................................................................... 18
5.3.2.5.- Two voltage transformers (3 wire) and two current transformers
(ARON).................................................................................................. 19
6.- THE QNA-412 ANALYZER'S INTERNAL BATTERY................................................20
7.- OPERATING MODE .......................................................................................................20
7.1.- Display and buttons.................................................................................... 20
7.2.- Turning the analyzer on ............................................................................. 21
7.3.- Display screens.......................................................................................... 21
8.- SETTING UP THE QNA-412..........................................................................................22
8.1.- Operating setup of the QNA-412 analyzer................................................. 22
8.1.1.- Transformation ratios for voltage and current transformers.............. 22
8.1.2.- Features of the monitored electrical system ..................................... 23
8.1.3.- Quality parameters ........................................................................... 23
8.1.4.- Data to take into account for the periodical data recording process . 26
8.2.- Selecting the parameters to be recorded................................................... 27
8.2.1.- Standard file (STD)........................................................................... 27
8.2.2.- EVENTS file (EVQ)........................................................................... 28
8.2.3.- Incidents file (EVE)........................................................................... 29
8.2.4.- Harmonic statistics file (H24)............................................................ 30
8.2.5.- Weekly average values file (STP)..................................................... 30

Page no. 2
8.2.6.- Energy file (WAT) ............................................................................ 31
8.2.7.- Setting and operation of the SMS alarms ......................................... 31
8.2.8.- Setting and operation of the GPRS................................................... 31
9.- TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ...................................................................................32
10.- SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................................34
11.- MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................34
12.- TECHNICAL SERVICE .................................................................................................. 34
A. Appendix: Communication with the QNA-412 connected to an external modem...........35
B. Appendix: Communications with QNA-412 (RS-485).....................................................37
C. Appendix: Communications with QNA-412 using a TCP-IP converter...........................38
D. Appendix: Setting of a QNA-412 ETHERNET Analyzer................................................39
E. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-412-GSM...............................................43
F. Appendix: Installation and start up of the QNA-412-GPRS.............................................45
G. Appendix: Setting the SMS Alarms..................................................................................47
H. Appendix: QNA-412 measurement method......................................................................51

Page no. 3
1.- BASIC INSTRUCTIONS
This manual is designed to familiarise the user with operating the power supply
quality analyzer model QNA-412 in order to get the best from its features.
QNA-412 is an analyzer specifically developed for supervising electrical power
supply quality, which has been built with the most advanced technology in
microelectronic components offering bench mark features in measuring and
recording of electrical parameters in industrial power supply systems.
Please read this manual carefully before connecting and switching on
the analyzer in order to avoid irreversible damage caused by improper use.
1.1.- Checking the contents of your package.
Please check the following points on receipt of the analyzer:
a) The equipment delivered matches your order specifications.
b) After unpacking, check that the equipment has not been damaged during
delivery.
c) Check that it is equipped with the following standard items:
1 RS-232 Communications cable (female RJ-DB9)
1 QNA-412 User manual
1 CD containing PC program and user guide
1 GSM antenna (GPRS model only)
1.2.- QNA-412 models
Code Model
Q20512 QNA – 412 RS232/RS-485
Q20532 QNA – 412 GPRS / RS-232 (SIM not included)
Q20542 QNA – 412 Ethernet

Page no. 4
1.3.- Safety warnings
This manual contains information and warnings about the QNA-
412 analyzer which must be followed to guarantee the proper
operation of all instrument functions and to maintain it in a safe
condition.
If the instrument is not used in accordance with manufacturer's
specifications, the instrument's protection may be damaged.
Where any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example, if there are
signs of external damage), the instrument must be immediately switched OFF. In the
event of this contact a qualified technician.
1.4.- Operating instructions
QNA-412 is a programmable instrument, with operating modes which may be
selected from the available programming menus.
Before starting the QNA-412, carefully read the paragraphs on INSTALLATION &
STARTUP AND SETTING QNA-412, to select the most suitable operating mode for your
requirements.
Note that when the instrument is switched on, the terminals may be
dangerous when touched and opening or removing parts may access
dangerous areas. Therefore, the equipment must not be used until it is properly
installed.
2.- MAIN FEATURES
The QNA-412 is an analyzer specifically designed to check electrical power
supply quality in accordance with the IEC 61000-4-30 standard.
•Harmonic measurement in accordance with IEC 61000-4-7
•Flicker measurement in accordance with IEC 61000-4-15
•Measurement of main electrical parameters
−Voltage, current, power, PF....
−Harmonic distortion in Voltage and Current....
− Neutral current and Neutral-Earth voltage
•4-quadrant measuring system (Energy consumption and generation)
•High protection level against severe electrical conditions:
−Wide range of supply and measurement voltages
− High protection level against overvoltage and transient events
•Connection to either 3 or 4-wire distribution systems
•Wide voltage supply range: 100-400 V AC. ±30% / 90-730 V DC.
•Internal battery allowing the instrument to continue recording in the event of
voltage supply loss
•4 Mbytes internal memory for saving all parameters measured by the QNA-
412 analyzer
•Communication via GPRS/GSM/RS-232/RS-485/ETHERNET (according to
model)
•Mounted inside a self-extinguishing case. Dimensions and fixing points
according to DIN 43857

Page no. 5
2.1.- Basic features
The QNA-412 power supply quality analyzer (known hereafter as QNA-412) is
an analyzer specifically designed to check electrical power supply quality in
accordance with the IEC 61000-4-30 standard.
In addition to the A.C. voltage inputs (insulated by transformers), the
instrument is equipped with 4 A.C. current inputs (3 phase + Neutral) which allows
the QNA-412 to also be used as a power analyzer.
Its external design according to the DIN 43857 standard makes it ideal for any
central energy meter board.
Moreover, the great variety of available models makes the QNA-412 suitable
for any situation and communication mode.
The instrument's internal battery ensures continuity of measurement by the
QNA-412 analyzer in the event of any loss in voltage supply (short or long-term line
interruption).
QNA-412 is equipped with three A.C. voltage inputs and three A.C. current
inputs which permit simultaneous analysis for all three phases in any power system
(power supply quality).
To analyse electrical power supply quality in accordance with IEC 61000-4-30,
the QNA-412 uses a DSP to analyse all cycles from all three voltage phases to
detect the occurrence of any event (voltage dip, voltage interruption, overvoltage).
Harmonic and flicker is also calculated in accordance with IEC61000-4-7 and 61000-
4-15, respectively. The QNA-412's input current can analyse the main electrical
parameters in 4 quadrants (Energy consumption and generation).
The QNA also has a Neutral current input and another for Neutral-Earth
voltage measurement. These parameters complete the information that the QNA is
able to supply to study the electric system.
The QNA-412 analyzer is equipped with a built in 4 Mbyte memory to receive
quality, incidents and electrical parameters.
The different information recorded in the QNA-412's built in memory is
distributed in six file types:
•*.STD files: this file contains all periodically recorded values (voltage, current,
frequency, power, flicker, THD, unbalance...).
•*.EVE files: file containing all incidents referred to the QNA-412 itself (file readout,
setup modification, memory erasure, auxiliary power supply on/off, battery
on/off...).
•*.EVQ files: this file contains all events observed in the electrical power supply
(voltage dips, voltage interruptions, overvoltages...) together with supplementary
information about these events (time of the event occurring, maximum/minimum
voltage, average voltage, voltage prior to the event).
•*.H24 files: this file contains the data required to obtain a statistical analysis of the
harmonic evolution in one day.
•*.STP files: this file stores average values for voltage, frequency, flicker (pst and
plt) and the THD over one week.
•*.WAT files: this file contains the three-phase active, inductive, capacitive and
apparent energy.

Page no. 6
Measurable parameters by the QNA-412 analyzer are listed below:
Parameter L1 L2 L3
Voltage X X X
Current X X X
Frequency X
Active power X X X
Inductive reactive power X X X
Capacitive reactive power X X X
Apparent power X
Active energy X
Inductive reactive energy X
Capacitive active energy X
Power factor X X X
Voltage THD X X X
Current THD X X X
Voltage harmonic content X X X
Current harmonic content X X X
Type of voltage wave X X X
Type of current wave X X X
Neutral current X
Neutral-Earth Voltage X
Flicker (PST) X X X
Dips X X X
Interruptions X X X
Overvoltage X X X
Vrms in event semi-cycle X X X
Voltage unbalance X
Voltage asymmetry X
Current unbalance X
Current asymmetry X
The above parameters will be measured and recorded regardless of energy
consumption or generation in the installation.
2.2.- Electrical features
Using the QNA-412 as a recording instrument for evaluating electrical power
supply quality means that the analyzer must have a high degree of protection against
severe electrical conditions:
•High-energy varistors absorbing surges to avoid any costly repairs.
•Noise filters in voltage and current inputs to ensure reliable measurements
even under the most adverse operation conditions.
•Power supply: transformers with extra power dissipation and insulation.
•Built-in battery power supply to ensure voltage supply to the QNA-412
analyzer in the event of voltage loss.
•Insulation transformers guaranteeing the proper insulation of inputs.

Page no. 7
3.- ANALYSIS MODES
QNA-412 series analyzers can be used in different operating modes according
to their setting.
The most striking features of the analysers are:
•Measurement and storage in memory of main power quality parameters
(voltage values, flicker, harmonics and unbalance).
•Measurement and storage in memory of main electrical parameters (voltages,
currents, frequency, power, PF...).
•Neutral current and Neutral-Earth voltage measurement.
•Setting a voltage threshold to define different events (voltage dips, voltage
interruptions and overvoltages). Also an optional setting of an hysteresis value
for each individual threshold.
•QNA-412 can carry out quality analyses in 3-wire or 4-wire distribution systems.
All quality measurements will be referred the line-to-neutral or line-to-line
voltage according to selection.
QNA-412 can also be used to measure through voltage and current measuring
transformers.
4.- DATA STORAGE IN MEMORY (automatic mode)
QNA-412 is equipped with an internal date and time clock to store automatic data
recordingsand quality eventsin thememoryatregulartime intervals.
The QNA-412 storage memory is divided into four independent blocks (FIFO
type). Each discrete block is allocated to every file type to be saved. Every file type
contains the following information:
•*.STD files: this file contains all periodically recorded values (voltage, current,
frequency, power, flicker, THD, unbalance...).
•*.EVE files: file containing all incidents referred to the QNA-412 itself (file
readout, setup modification, memory erasure, auxiliary power supply on/off,
battery on/off...).
•*.EVQ files: this file contains all events observed in the electrical power supply
(voltage dips, voltage interruptions, overvoltages...) together with
supplementary information about these events (time of the event occurring,
maximum/minimum voltage, average voltage, voltage prior to the event).
•*.H24: this file contains the data required to obtain a statistical analysis of the
harmonic evolution in one day.
•*.STP files: this file stores average values for voltage, frequency, flicker (pst and
plt) and the THD over one week.
•*.WAT files: this file contains the three-phase active, inductive, capacitive and
apparent energy.

Page no. 8
QNA-412 is equipped with a built in rotating memory for data collection (FIFO);
this means that once this memory is full, new values overwrite the oldest ones.
Therefore, if no data is to be lost, data must be retrieved from the memory before the
oldest values are overwritten.
5.- INSTALLATION & START-UP
This manual contains information and warnings about the QNA-
412 analyzer which must be followed to guarantee the proper operation
of all instrument functions and to maintain it in a safe condition.
If the instrument is not used in accordance with manufacturer's
specifications, the instrument's protection may be damaged. Note that when the
instrument is switched on, the terminals may be dangerous when touched and
opening or removing parts may access dangerous areas. Therefore, the instrument
must not be used until it is properly installed.
IMPORTANT: This part must be removed so that the
instrument’s battery can operate. It must be removed when
installing the instrument, just before the equipment is
powered. The instrument’s power supply must be
connected for at least 8 hours the first time it is connected
to ensure that the battery is correctly charged.
Where any protection failure is suspected to exist (for example, if
there are signs of external damage), the instrument must be immediately
switched OFF. In the event of this contact a qualified technician.

Page no. 9
5.1.- Connection terminal
5.1.1.- Models RS232/RS485 and GPRS/RS232
Terminal
No. Terminal description
Upper connection terminal
21 Measurement VL1
22 Common L1
23 Measurement VL2
24 Common L2
25 Measurement VL3
26 Common L3
27 Neutral
28 Ground
29 Not used
30 Not used
31 Not used
32 Not used
33 Not used
34 Not used
R2
R1
1 2 43 1165 7 8 9
21 22 24 3423 333026 3125 3527 3228 29
Regleta superior
35 Not used
Lower connection terminal
1 Current measurement IL1 S1
2 Current measurement IL1 S2
3 Current measurement IL2 S1
4 Current measurement IL2 S2
5 Current measurement IL3 S1
6 Current measurement IL3 S2
7 Neutral current measurement S1
8 Neutral current measurement S2
9 Power supply voltage input
11 Power supply voltage input
R1 RS-232
R2 R1
1 2 43 1165 7 8 9
21 22 24 3423 333026 3125 3527 3228 29
Regleta inferior
R2 RS-485 / GSM Antenna
(According to the model)
The QNA-412 analyzer may be installed in any three-phase distribution line with
neutral conductor (4 wires) or without neutral conductor (3 wires). Measurements
solely depend on the connection mode and the analyzer configuration.
The connection of an earth terminal is essential to ensure
the efficiency of QNA-412 protection elements.
Upper connection
terminal
Lower connection
terminal

Page no. 10
5.1.2.- Model ETHERNET
Terminal
No. Terminal description
Upper connection terminal
21 Measurement VL1
22 Common L1
23 Measurement VL2
24 Common L2
25 Measurement VL3
26 Common L3
27 Neutral
28 Ground
29 Not used
30 Not used
31 Not used
32 Digital input 1
33 Common input 1
34 Digital input 2
R2
R1
1 2 43 1165 7 8 9
21 22 24 3423 333026 3125 3527 3228 29
Regleta superior
35 Common input 2
Lower connection terminal
1 Current measurement IL1 S1
2 Current measurement IL1 S2
3 Current measurement IL2 S1
4 Current measurement IL2 S2
5 Current measurement IL3 S1
6 Current measurement IL3 S2
7 Neutral current measurement S1
8 Neutral current measurement S2
9 Power supply voltage input
11 Power supply voltage input
R1 ETHERNET
R2 R1
1 2 43 1165 7 8 9
21 22 24 3423 333026 3125 3527 3228 29
Regleta inferior
Upper connection
terminal
Lower connection
terminal

Page no. 11
5.1.3.- Communications cables for RJ 11 connectors
The RJ connection is different for each QNA-412 model. To see ETHERNET
connector, look at Apendix D.Thus:
QNA-412 RS232/RS485
R1 – RS-232 Communications
R2 – RS-485 Communications
QNA-412 GSM / RS232
R2 R1
1 2 43 11 65 7 8 9
21 22 24 3423 333026 3125 3527 3228 29
Regleta inferior
R1 – RS-232 Communications
R2 – GSM Antenna
RJ Connector (QNA)
Vista Frontal
1 6
2345
The most usual configurations for QNA-412 communication cables are as follows:
•RS-232 connection to PC or to an external modem:
PC External ModemQNA-412
DB9 DB25 DB9 DB25
1–DSR 5–GND 7–GND 5–GND 7 – GND
2–Rx 3–Tx 2–Tx 2–Rx 3 – Rx
3–TX 2–Rx 3–Rx 3–Tx 2 – Tx
4–CTS 7–RTS 4–RTS 8–CTS 5 – CTS
5–RTS 8–CTS 5–CTS 7–RTS 4 – RTS
6–GND 5–GND 7–GND 5–GND 7 – GND
•RS-485: QNA- 412 RS-232/485 (DB9)
Converter
2–Tx/Rx(-) 2–Tx/Rx (-)
3–Tx/Rx(+) 1–Tx/Rx (+)
6–GND 5–GND
The RS-232 communication cables must always be disconnected to
establish communication with a QNA-412-GSM via a mobile phone. If the RS-
232 is connected, then modem operation is completely disabled.
Lower connection terminal
Front View

Page no. 12
5.2.- Starting the QNA-412 analyzer
Please check following points before switching on the analyzer:
1) Mains supply voltage: Voltage: 100-400 V AC. ± 30% / 90-730 V DC.
Frequency: 50... 60 Hz.
2) Earth terminal: The earth terminal of the analyzer must be connected to earth. If it
is not connected some of the protective parts may not work properly.
3) Maximum voltage in the voltage measurement circuit: 500 V AC. between phase
and common:
4-wire configuration: 500 VAC. line-to-neutral. / 866 VAC. line-to-
line.
3-wire configuration: 500 VAC. line-to-line.
4) Maximum voltage in the Earth measurement circuit: 500 V AC. between Neutral-
Earth
5) Maximum permissible measurement current: According to transformers used. In /
5 A AC.
6) Burden: 16 VA – 8 W
7) Operating conditions:
•Operating temperature range: 0ºC to 50ºC.
•Storage temperature: -20º to 70ºC
•Operating humidity: 0% to 90 % RH.
8) Safety: Designed to meet protection class III according to EN 61010.
Points to check during the installation process:
9) Check that the earth terminal of QNA-412 is connected to earth to avoid any
possible interference to the analyzer. If this earth terminal is not connected, then
the effectiveness of the QNA-412 protection elements may be reduced.
10) Check power readouts and their sign (check current measurement transformer
polarity).
11) Verify the QNA-412 setup.
Points to consider:
Voltage values flashing on the display is a sign that the analyzer is
incorrectly installed or configured. Possible causes might be:
−The analyzer detects an event. This can mean a real event in the system,
or a wrong rated voltage setting where the set value does not match the
actual system voltage.
−If the unbalance screen displays dashes, there is an incorrect phase
sequence.

Page no. 13
5.3.- Connection diagram for the QNA-412
5.3.1.- 4 wire three-phase power systems
5.3.1.1.- Direct voltage and four current transformers
(L1-L2-L3-N):
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 14
5.3.1.2.- Three voltage transformers (4 wire) and three current transformers
(L1-L2-L3):
a
b
a
b
a
b
B
A
B
A
B
A
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 15
5.3.2.- 3 wire three-phase power systems
5.3.2.1.- Three voltage transformers (3 wire) and three current
transformers (recommended MV installation)
a
b
a
b
a
b
B
A
B
A
B
A
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 16
5.3.2.2.- Direct voltage (3 wire) and three current transformers
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 17
5.3.2.3.- Direct voltage (3 wire) and two current transformers (ARON)
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 18
5.3.2.4.- Two voltage transformers (3 wire) and three current transformers
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply

Page no. 19
5.3.2.5.- Two voltage transformers (3 wire) and two current transformers
(ARON)
100-400 Vc.a.
Antenna
100-400 VAC.
Power supply