Dectris PILATUS3 R User manual

DECTRIS
5405 Baden- Daettwil
Switzerland
www.dectris.com
Technical Specification and
Operating Procedure
PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System
Version:
V2

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 2/36

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 3/36
Table of Contents
List of Figures 5
List of Tables 5
1. Document History 6
1.1. Current document 6
1.2. Changes 6
2. General Information 7
2.1. Warranty and Support 7
2.2. Contact Information 7
2.3. Safety Symbols 7
2.4. Use of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K 8
2.5. Product return and recycling 8
3. Technical Specifications 9
3.1. Ratings 11
3.2. Ambient Conditions 11
4. Detector Dimensions and Connectors 13
4.1. The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector 13
4.1.1. Front Side of the Detector 13
4.1.2. Back Side of the Detector 15
4.1.3. The Status LEDs 15
4.1.4. Connectors and Connecting Cables/Pipes 16
4.2. Computer 17
4.2.1. Configuration 17
4.2.2. Samba share 18
4.3. Cooling unit 19
5. Installing the Detector System 20
5.1. Mounting 20
5.2. Mounting from Above 20
5.3. Mounting from Below 21
5.4. Grounding of the Detector 22
5.5. Connection to Nitrogen or Dry Air 22
5.6. Connection to Cooling Unit 23
6. Temperature and Humidity Control 25

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 4/36
7. Getting Started 27
7.1. Startup Procedure 28
7.2. First Commands 28
8. Turning off the Detector 29
9. Storing the Detector 30
10.Cleaning and Maintenance 31
11.Safety Instructions for CdTe Sensors 32
12.Troubleshooting 33
13.Certification Tests 35
Service Form 36

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 5/36
List of Figures
Figure 1: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). Specifications are subject to change without notice. ...................................13
Figure 2: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector with the cover in place (front view)................................14
Figure 3: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector with the cover removed (front view)...............................14
Figure 4: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector viewed from the back.....................................................15
Figure 5: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). ......................................................................................................................20
Figure 6: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). ......................................................................................................................21
Figure 7: Horizontal cooling connection (standard configuration)...............................................................23
Figure 8: Vertical cooling connection (the red marked aluminum adapter together with two eye-
screws are optionally supplied with the detector). ............................................................................24
Figure 9: Error message when temperature or humidity is out of range.....................................................25
Figure 10: Correct start-up message...........................................................................................................26
List of Tables
Table 1: Document history. ...........................................................................................................................6
Table 2: List of changes. ...............................................................................................................................6
Table 3: Safety symbols................................................................................................................................7
Table 4: Technical specifications. ...............................................................................................................10
Table 5: Ratings. .........................................................................................................................................11
Table 6: Detector operating conditions. Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions
must be < 25 %.................................................................................................................................12
Table 8: The meaning of the status LEDs on the detector back plane.......................................................15
Table 9: Connectors and connecting cables/pipes. ....................................................................................16
Table 10: Temperature and humidity limits.................................................................................................25
Table 11: Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................34

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 6/36
1. Document History
1.1. Current document
Version
Date
status
prepared
checked
released
2
02.11.2016
Released
DJ
MM
MM
Table 1: Document history.
1.2. Changes
Version
Date
Changes
2
02.11.2016
Readout time and frame rate (correction).
1
04.07.2016
First version.
Table 2: List of changes.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 7/36
2. General Information
Before operating the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector system please read this technical specification
and the user manual thoroughly. The technical specification and the user manual together form the user
documentation.
2.1. Warranty and Support
Should your detector require warranty service, contact DECTRIS Ltd. for further information.
Before shipping the system back, please contact DECTRIS Ltd. to receive the necessary transport and
shipping information. Make sure that the original packaging is used when returning the system!
When returning the detector system for repair, be sure to fill out and include the service form at the back
of this document to provide the support division with the necessary information.
2.2. Contact Information
DECTRIS Ltd.
Taefernweg 1
CH-5405 Baden- Daettwil
Switzerland
Phone: [phone]
Fax: + 41 56 500 21 01
Email: mailto:[email protected]
If you have questions concerning the system or its use, please contact us via phone, mail or fax.
2.3. Safety Symbols
The following symbols and terms are used in this document.
Symbol
Description
Important or helpful notice.
Caution. Please follow the instructions carefully to
prevent equipment damage or personal injury.
Ground.
Table 3: Safety symbols.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 8/36
2.4. Use of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K
The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector system has been designed for the detection of X-rays from
synchrotrons or laboratory sources. It is intended for indoor use only. For other applications, please
contact DECTRIS Ltd. for additional information.
The PC can be mounted in a standard 19-inch rack, which has to be properly grounded.
Make sure that the PC has adequate ventilation.
Improper use of the DECTRIS Ltd. detector system can compromise safety and its functionality is
also no longer guaranteed.
2.5. Product return and recycling
We recycle DECTRIS Ltd. detector systems that are no longer suitable for use. If you are not using your
DECTRIS Ltd. detector system any more, send it back to us. We will make sure that your system is
responsibly and safely recycled. This is free for customers who purchased a new DECTRIS Ltd. detector
system.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 9/36
3. Technical Specifications
Number of modules
1 x 3 = 3
Sensor
CdTe
Sensor thickness
1000 μm
Quantum efficiency
at 20 keV:
>90 %
at 40 keV
81 %
at 60 keV
90 %
at 80 keV
77 %
at 100 keV
56 %
Pixel size
172 x 172 μm2
Module size
83.8 x 33.5 mm2
Format
487 x 619 = 301’453 pixels
Area
83.8 x 106.5 mm2
Intermodule gap
Vertical 17 pixels, horizontal 7 pixel plus 3 pixel
between the CdTe tiles in each module
Dynamic range
20 Bits (1:1’048’573)
Counter overflow state
1’048’573
Maximum count rate
1 x 107phts/sec/pixel
Energy range
15 –80 keV
Energy resolution
1000 eV
Adjustable threshold range
8 –40 keV
Readout time
7 ms
Maximum frame rate
20 Hz
Point-spread function
1 pixel (FWHM)
Data formats
Raw data, TIF, EDF, CBF
Software interface
Through socket connection;
Clients for EPICS, SPEC and stand-alone
operation are available
Cooling
Closed circuit (2/3 distilled water 1/3 Ethylenglycol)
cooling unit for temperature stabilization.
The maximum allowable coolant pressure in the
cooling circuit is 3 bar.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 10/36
Coolant temperature: 25 °C
Coolant
Use mixture of 2/3 distilled water and 1/3
Ethylenglycol
Power consumption
30 W
Dimensions (W x H x D)
158 x 193 x 262 mm3
Weight
7.5 kg
Overvoltage category
II
Means of protection
I(TRENEW (SINPRO) power supply)
Pollution degree
II
Maximum altitude
2000 m a.s.l.
Table 4: Technical specifications. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 11/36
3.1. Ratings
Device
Definition
Detector power input
+12 V DC, 2.5 A, 30 W
Power supply (AC)
Compact switching power supply unit.
Dimensions (W x H x D): 89.5 x 45.5 x 189 mm3
Weight: 0.8 kg
Main inputs: 100 –240 V AC, 1.58 –0.64 A, 47 –
63 Hz
Output: 12 V DC, 10.84 A
Detector external trigger input
2.1 V –5.0 V high level
0.0 V –0.8 V low level
50 Ωimpedance
5.0 V absolute maximum. Applying a higher
voltage will damage the input circuit.
Detector enable output
TTL Level (5 V, max. 100 mA)
PC
100 –240 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 250 W
Cooling unit ("Chiller Compact")
3.1.1.1.1.1.1. Single phase 100 –240 V
AC, 50/60 Hz, 8 A (100 V
AC) –3 A (240 V AC)
3.1.1.1.1.1.2. Typical coolant flow: 3 l/min
Dimensions (W x H x D): 270 x 393 x 436 mm2
Weight: 17.5 kg
Table 5: Ratings. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
3.2. Ambient Conditions
The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector is designed for indoor use only. The following ambient conditions
must be satisfied. Please note that the below stated values are for the ambient conditions. Values inside
the detector, in particular the dry-air or N2supply are different. They are described in section 5.5 and
section 6.
Condition
Range
Operating temperature
+20 °C to +35 °C
Operating humidity
< 80 % at 20 °C, non-condensing
Storage temperature
+15 °C to +4 0°C
Storage humidity
< 40 % at 2 0°C, non-condensing

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 12/36
Table 6: Detector operating conditions. Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions must be
< 25 %. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions must be < 25 %.
When storing the detector make sure the temperature and humidity inside the transport box does
not exceed the specified range. Use drying agent.
If the detector system is stored at low temperature, make sure that no condensation moisture
develops.
The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K is equipped with two temperature and humidity sensors.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 13/36
4. Detector Dimensions and Connectors
Figure 1: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector (printed separately in the user documentation
folder). Specifications are subject to change without notice.
.
4.1. The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector
4.1.1. Front Side of the Detector
The detector comes with a protective cover (2 mm, low carbon steel sheet metal 1.0330, St12) for the
front window, which should only be removed for operation. The sensors are behind a 12 μm thick Mylar®
(PET) foil coated with 100 nm aluminum to protect them from dust and touch.
Do not touch the Mylar®foil.
The cover may not protect the detector from the direct synchrotron beam.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 14/36
Figure 2: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector with the cover in place (front view).
Figure 3: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector with the cover removed (front view).

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 15/36
4.1.2. Back Side of the Detector
Figure 4: The PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector viewed from the back.
4.1.3. The Status LEDs
LED
Description
LINK
Green if detector and PC are powered and
connected via the RJ45 data cable.
ACT
Flashing green, if there is activity on the data line
between detector and PC.
EN
Yellow, if the detector is in counting mode.
TEMP
Normally green. Turns red if the detector
temperature or humidity is out of the limits.
POWER
Normally green. Turns red if there is a power
failure or if the detector temperature or humidity is
out of the limits.
Table 7: The meaning of the status LEDs on the detector back plane.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 16/36
4.1.4. Connectors and Connecting Cables/Pipes
Connector
Description
DATA
RJ45 Cat 6 S/FTP cable for data transfer.
Note that there must be a 10 Gbit point-to-
point connection between detector and PC.
+12 V DC
Main voltage 12 V DC from the external power
supply.
EXT IN
External trigger input
Use a Lemo®Type 00 (NIM/CAMAC) cable.
EN OUT
TTL Level (5 V) output signal; high when counting
is enabled.
Use a Lemo®Type 00 (NIM/CAMAC) cable.
Functional ground of the detector system.
Although the detector might be grounded
via the mounting bolts, the detector can be
grounded additionally via the functional ground
connector at the back (M4 screw-in tap hole) to
establish a defined grounding.
DRY AIR
Dry air or nitrogen for humidity control. For details
see section 5.5. Pipe: Use a pipe with outer
diameter of 4 mm.
IN
Coolant inlet.
OUT
Coolant outlet.
FUSE 4 AT
4 A slow-blow fuse (e.g. SCHURTER part no.
0001.2510). For continued protection always
replace with the same type!
Table 8: Connectors and connecting cables/pipes. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 17/36
4.2. Computer
4.2.1. Configuration
Do not install or run any other software on the computer, except tools and software necessary for
configuring your data acquisition protocol.
The detector PC is set up with a standard installation of the CentOS 6.2 Linux distribution. Regular
system updates can be made. However, to avoid operational deterioration do not update the system
while the detector is taking data.
The detector PC has two hard disks: disk #1 houses the operating system while disk #2 is
reserved for the data (mount point /disk/images). Readout data, i.e. images, are always written to disk
#2.
Do not remove the symbolic link in the directory ~/p2_det/images, which points to the directory
/disk/images/!
Do not change the configuration of the Ethernet adapter p2p1 (DATA)!
The PC has 6 ethernet adapters:
em1 and em2, 10 Gbit SFP+ ethernet adapters: both adapters can be used to connect to the
local network or Internet.
em3 and em4, 1 Gbit SFTP ethernet adapters. em3 is configured for DHCP, em4 is unused –
both adapters can be used to connect to the local network or Internet.
p2p1 and p2p2, 10 Gbit SFTP ethernet adapters. p2p1, labeled as DATA, is reserved for the
detector and set to a static IP address (10.0.10.1). Furthermore, the startup script /etc/rc.local
disables ARP for p2p1. Do not change this! p2p2 is unused and can be used to connect to the
local network or Internet.
Note: ARP is re-enabled if the network service has been restarted. In this case execute the
startup script /etc/rc.local as super user or reboot the system.
To assure stable operation of the detector system the configuration file /etc/sysctl.conf is changed such
that the Ethernet rx and tx buffers are greater than the standard setting.
The firewall and SE Linux are disabled by default (otherwise the following ports must be open for
UDP: 52010, 52011, 52012).
The following firewall port must be open if you want to connect to Camserver with a TCP/IP
socket connection from the outside: 41234

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 18/36
4.2.2. Samba share
There is a Samba share configured on the detector PC. The Samba service is enabled by default and
running after the system boots.
The storage directory for the images, /home/det/p2_det/images, which is a symbolic link to /data/images,
can be accessed from a Samba client. You need the same user name and password as for the normal
console or ssh login .
From a Linux or Mac OSX terminal window issue the following command:
smbclient //server-ip-or-hostname/images -U det
To browse the Samba share from Windows, type
\\server-ip-or-hostname\images
in the Windows Explorer address bar.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 19/36
4.3. Cooling unit
A cooling unit is required for the operation of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector system. The cooling
unit is available as an option from DECTRIS or can be supplied by the customer.
The tubes and the detector are equipped with self-sealing valves to avoid dripping when connecting or
disconnecting the tubes.
There is no fixed limitation on the length of the tubing.
Before operating the cooling unit, please read the user manual of the cooling unit.
When connecting or disconnecting the cooling hoses, turn off the detector and the cooling
unit.
When operating the detector, the cooling unit must be always on.
Use opaque tubing to avoid the growth of algae.
Operating temperature
The cooling unit has always to be set to a
temperature of 25 °C.
Operating pressure
0.5 to 3 bar
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Do not set the temperature of the cooling unit below the recommended operating
temperature. Condensing moisture can develop and damage the detector.

Technical Specification and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K Detector System. Version: 20/36
5. Installing the Detector System
5.1. Mounting
The detector can be mounted in two ways:
5.2. Mounting from Above
Use the optional mounting brackets. These mounting brackets have to be mounted from below on the
base plate of the detector. The detector should be mounted using all four outer 7 mm holes (blue).
Make sure the mounting brackets are mounted and properly tightened using the four optional M4
screws (green).
Figure 5: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R CdTe 300K detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder).