Dectris PILATUS3 R User manual

DECTRIS
5405 Baden-Daettwil
Switzerland
www.dectris.com
Technical Specifications
and Operating Procedure
PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System
Version:
V3

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 2/34

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 3/34
Table of Contents
List of Figures 5
List of Tables 5
1. Document History 6
1.1. Current document 6
1.2. Changes 6
2. General Information 7
2.1. Warranty and Support 7
2.2. Contact Information 7
2.3. Safety Symbols 7
2.4. Use of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W 8
2.5. Product return and recycling 8
3. Technical Specifications 9
3.1. Ratings 11
3.2. Ambient Conditions 12
3.3. Vacuum Conditions 12
4. Detector Dimensions and Connectors 13
4.1. The PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector 13
4.1.1. Front Side of the Detector 13
4.1.2. Back Side of the Detector 14
4.1.3. The Status LEDs 15
4.1.4. Connectors and Connecting Cables/Pipes 16
4.2. Computer 17
4.2.1. Configuration 17
4.2.2. Samba share 17
4.3. Cooling unit 18
5. Installing the Detector System 19
5.1. Mounting 19
5.2. Mounting from Above 19
5.3. Mounting from Below 20
5.4. Grounding of the Detector 21
5.5. Connection to Nitrogen or Dry Air 21
5.6. Connection to cooling unit 21
6. Temperature and Humidity Control 23
7. Getting Started 26

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 4/34
7.1. Startup Procedure 27
7.2. First Commands 27
8. Turning off the Detector 28
9. Storing the Detector 29
10.Cleaning and Maintenance 30
11.Troubleshooting 31
12.Certification Tests 33
Service Form 34

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 5/34
List of Figures
Figure 1: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). ......................................................................................................................13
Figure 2: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector with the cover in place (front view). ....................................14
Figure 3: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector with the cover removed (front view)....................................14
Figure 4: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector viewed from the back..........................................................14
Figure 5: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). ......................................................................................................................19
Figure 6: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder). ......................................................................................................................20
Figure 7: Horizontal cooling connection (standard configuration)...............................................................22
Figure 8: Vertical cooling connection (the red marked aluminum adapter together with two eye-
screws are optionally supplied with the detector). ............................................................................22
Figure 9: Error message when temperature or humidity is out of range.....................................................24
Figure 10: Correct start-up message...........................................................................................................25
List of Tables
Table 1: Document history. ...........................................................................................................................6
Table 2: List of changes................................................................................................................................6
Table 3: Safety symbols................................................................................................................................7
Table 4: Technical specifications. ...............................................................................................................10
Table 5: Ratings. .........................................................................................................................................11
Table 6: Detector operating conditions. Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions
must be < 25%..................................................................................................................................12
Table 7: Vacuum field codes.......................................................................................................................12
Table 8: Description of the status LEDs on the detector back panel..........................................................15
Table 9: Connectors and connecting cables/pipes. ....................................................................................16
Table 10: Temperature and humidity limits.................................................................................................23
Table 11: Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................32

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 6/34
1. Document History
1.1. Current document
Version
Date
status
prepared
checked
released
3
18.11.2015
released
MM
AM
AM
Table 1: Document history.
1.2. Changes
Version
Date
Changes
3
09.11.2015
Nitrogen flow, update contact information
2
06.05.2015
Detector power ratings adjusted.
1
20.06.2014
First version.
Table 2: List of changes.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 7/34
2. General Information
Before operating the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector system please read the technical specifications and
the user manual thoroughly. The technical specification and the user manual together form the user
documentation.
2.1. Warranty and Support
Should your detector require warranty service, contact DECTRIS Ltd. for further information.
Before shipping the system back, please contact DECTRIS Ltd. to receive the necessary transport and
shipping information. Make sure that the original packaging is used when returning the system!
When returning the detector system for repair, be sure to fill out and include the service form at the back
of this document to provide the support division with the necessary information.
2.2. Contact Information
DECTRIS Ltd.
Taefernweg 1
5405 Baden-Daettwil
Switzerland
Phone: [phone]
Fax: + 41 56 500 21 01
Email: [e-mail]
If you have questions concerning the system or its use, please contact us via phone, mail or fax.
2.3. Safety Symbols
The following symbols and terms are used in this document.
Symbol
Description
Important or helpful notice.
Caution. Please follow the instructions carefully to
prevent equipment damage or personal injury.
Ground.
Table 3: Safety symbols.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 8/34
2.4. Use of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W
The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector system has been designed for the detection of X-rays from
synchrotrons or laboratory sources. It is intended for indoor use only. For other applications, please
contact DECTRIS Ltd. for additional information.
When using the detector in vacuum follow strictly the in-vacuum instructions given in this
document.
The PC can be mounted in a standard 19-inch rack, which has to be properly grounded.
Make sure that the PC has adequate ventilation.
Improper use of the DECTRIS Ltd. detector system can compromise safety and its functionality is
also no longer guaranteed.
2.5. Product return and recycling
We recycle DECTRIS Ltd. detector systems that are no longer suitable for use. If you are not using your
DECTRIS Ltd. detector system any more, send it back to us. We will make sure that your system is
responsibly and safely recycled. This is free for customers who purchased a new DECTRIS Ltd. detector
system.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 9/34
3. Technical Specifications
Number of modules
3 x 1 = 3
Sensor
Reverse-biased silicon diode array
Sensor thickness1
320 μm 450 μm 1000 μm
Quantum efficiency at 5.4 keV (Cr):
at 8.0 keV (Cu):
at 17.5 keV (Mo):
94%, 94%, > 80%
97%, 98%, 96%
37%, 47%, 76%
Pixel size
172 x 172 μm2
Module size
83.8 x 33.5 mm2
Format2
1475 x 195 = 287’625 pixels
Area
251.4 x 33.5 mm2
Intermodule gap
7 pixels = 1.204 mm
Dynamic range
20 Bits (0:1’048’573)
Maximum count rate per pixel
> 2 x 106X-ray/sec
Energy range
4.5 –36 keV
Energy resolution
500 eV
Adjustable threshold range
2.7 –18 keV
Threshold dispersion
50 eV
Readout time
7 ms
Maxiumum frame rate
20 Hz
Point-spread function
1 pixel (FWHM)
Data formats
Raw data, TIF, EDF, CBF
Software interface
Through socket connection;
Clients for EPICS, SPEC and stand-alone
operation are available
Cooling
Closed circuit (2/3 distilled water 1/3 Ethylenglycol)
cooling unit for temperature stabilization.
The maximum allowable coolant pressure in the
cooling circuit is 3 bar.
In-air operation: 23°C
In-vacuum operation: 10°C

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 10/34
Coolant
Use mixture of 2/3 distilled water and 1/3
Ethylenglycol
Dimensions (W x H x D)
280 x 62 x 296 mm3
Weight
7 kg
Overvoltage category
II
Means of protection
I(TRENEW (SINPRO) power supply)
Pollution degree
II
Maximum altitude
2000 m a.s.l.
Table 4: Technical specifications.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 11/34
3.1. Ratings
Device
Definition
Detector power input
+12 V DC, 3 A, 36 W
Power supply (AC)
Compact switching power supply unit.
Dimensions (W x H x D): 89.5 x 45.5 x 189 mm3
Weight: 0.8 kg
Main inputs: 100 –240 V AC, 1.58 –0.64 A, 47 –
63 Hz
Output: 12 V DC, 10.84 A
Detector external trigger input
2.1 V –5.0 V high level
0.0 V –0.8 V low level
50 Ω impedance
5.0 V absolute maximum. Applying a higher
voltage will damage the input circuit.
Detector enable output
TTL Level (5 V, max. 100 mA)
PC
100 –240 V AC, 50/60 Hz, 250 W
Cooling unit (Huber minichiller-NR)
230 V AC, 50/60 Hz, max. 2.8 A
Max. coolant flow: 20 l/min
Max. coolant pressure: 0.18 bar
Dimensions (W x H x D): 255 x 380 x 360 mm3
Weight: 25 kg
Table 5: Ratings.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 12/34
3.2. Ambient Conditions
The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector is designed for indoor use only. The following ambient conditions
must be satisfied. Please note that the below stated values are for the ambient conditions. Values inside
the detector, in particular the dry-air or N2supply are different. They are described in section 5.5 and
section 6.
Condition
Range
Operating ambient temperature
+20°C to +35°C
Operating ambient humidity
< 80% at 20°C, non-condensing
Storage ambient temperature
+15°C to +40°C
Storage ambient humidity
< 40% at 20°C, non-condensing
Table 6: Detector operating conditions. Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions must be
< 25%.
Note that the interior humidity under operating conditions must be < 25%.
When storing the detector make sure the temperature and humidity inside the transport box does
not exceed the specified range. Use drying agent.
If the detector system is stored at low temperature, make sure that no condensation moisture
develops.
The PILATUS3 R 300K-W is equipped with two temperature and humidity sensors.
3.3. Vacuum Conditions
Only vacuum compatible PILATUS3 R 300K-W are allowed to be operated in vacuum. Please
contact s[email protected]m for information regarding vacuum compatibility upgrade.
For in-vacuum operation of the detector the following conditions must be fulfilled:
Condition
Range
Chamber pressure during operation
10+3 mbar or less than 10-2 mbar
Chamber temperature during operation
+10° to +25°C
Chamber temperature during “bake-out”
(unpowered)
max. +60°C (for temperatures > 40°C make sure
the cooling unit is set to +40°C and running)
Table 7: Vacuum field codes.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 13/34
4. Detector Dimensions and Connectors
Figure 1: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector (printed separately in the user documentation
folder).
4.1. The PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector
4.1.1. Front Side of the Detector
The detector comes with a protective cover (2 mm, low carbon steel sheet metal 1.0330, St12) for the
front window, which should only be removed for operation. The sensors are behind a 12 μm thick Mylar®
(PET) foil coated with 100 nm aluminum to protect them from dust and touch.
Do not touch the Mylar®foil.
The cover may not protect the detector from the direct synchrotron beam.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 14/34
Figure 2: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector with the cover in place (front view).
Figure 3: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector with the cover removed (front view).
4.1.2. Back Side of the Detector
Figure 4: The PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector viewed from the back.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 15/34
4.1.3. The Status LEDs
LED
Description
LINK
Green if detector and PC are powered and
connected via the RJ45 data cable.
ACT
Flashing green, if there is activity on the data line
between detector and PC.
EN
Yellow, if the detector is in counting mode.
TEMP
Normally green. Turns red if the detector
temperature or humidity is out of the limits.
POWER
Normally green. Turns red if there is a power
failure or if the detector temperature or humidity is
out of the limits.
Table 8: Description of the status LEDs on the detector back panel.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 16/34
4.1.4. Connectors and Connecting Cables/Pipes
Connector
Description
DATA
RJ45 Cat 6 S/FTP cable for data transfer.
Note that there must be a 1 Gbit point-to-
point connection between detector and PC.
+12 V DC
Main voltage 12 V DC from the external power
supply.
EXT IN
External trigger input.
Use a Lemo®Type 00 (NIM/CAMAC) cable.
EN OUT
TTL Level (5 V) output signal; high when counting
is enabled.
Use a Lemo®Type 00 (NIM/CAMAC) cable.
Functional ground of the detector system.
Although the detector might be grounded
via the mounting bolts, the detector can be
grounded additionally via the functional ground
connector at the back (M4 screw-in tap hole) to
establish a defined grounding.
DRY AIR
Dry air or nitrogen for humidity control. For details
see section 5.5. Pipe: Use a pipe with outer
diameter of 4 mm.
IN
Cooling water inlet.
OUT
Cooling water outlet.
FUSE 4 AT
4 A slow-blow fuse (e.g. SCHURTER part no.
0001.2510). For continued protection always
replace with the same type!
Table 9: Connectors and connecting cables/pipes.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 17/34
4.2. Computer
4.2.1. Configuration
Do not install or run any other software on the computer, except tools and software necessary for
configuring your data acquisition protocol.
The detector PC is set up with a standard installation of the CentOS 6.2 Linux distribution. Regular
system updates can be made. However, to avoid operational deterioration do not update the system
while the detector is taking data.
The detector PC has two hard disks: disk #1 houses the operating system while disk #2 is
reserved for the data (mount point /disk/images). Readout data, i.e. images, are always written to disk
#2.
Do not remove the symbolic link in the directory ~/p2_det/images, which points to the directory
/disk/images/!
Do not change the configuration of the Ethernet adapter em2!
The PC has two onboard 1 Gbit Ethernet adapters:
em1, labeled as Gb1, can be used to connect to the local network or Internet. By default it is
configured for DHCP.
em2, labeled as Gb2, is reserved for the detector and set to a static IP address (10.0.11.1).
Furthermore, the startup script /etc/rc.local disables ARP for em2. Do not change this!
Note: ARP is re-enabled if the network service has been restarted. In this case execute the
startup script /etc/rc.local as super user or reboot the system.
To assure stable operation of the detector system the configuration file /etc/sysctl.conf is changed such
that the Ethernet rx and tx buffers are greater than the standard setting.
The firewall and SE Linux are disabled by default (otherwise the following ports must be open for
UDP: 52010, 52011, 52012).
The following firewall port must be open if you want to connect to Camserver with a TCP/IP
socket connection from the outside: 41234
4.2.2. Samba share
There is a Samba share configured on the detector PC. The Samba service is enabled by default and
running after the system boots.
The storage directory for the images, /home/det/p2_det/images, which is a symbolic link to /data/images,
can be accessed from a Samba client. You need the same user name and password as for the normal
console or ssh login .
From a Linux or Mac OSX terminal window issue the following command:
smbclient //server-ip-or-hostname/images -U det
To browse the Samba share from Windows, type
\\server-ip-or-hostname\images
in the Windows Explorer address bar.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 18/34
4.3. Cooling unit
A cooling unit is required for the operation of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector system. The cooling unit
is available as an option from DECTRIS or can be supplied by the customer.
For in-air operation the tubes and the detector are equipped with self-sealing valves to avoid dripping
when connecting or disconnecting the tubes.
For in-vacuum operation unscrew the self-sealing valves from the detector (RECTUS 204KL series) and
use vacuum-compatible fittings (1/8 inch ISO parallel thread) and o-rings. Before opening the cooling
circuit always remove the cooling liquid to avoid dripping.
There is no fixed limitation on the length of the tubing.
Before operating the cooling unit, please read the user manual of the cooling unit.
When connecting or disconnecting the cooling hoses, turn off the detector and the cooling
unit.
When operating the detector, the cooling unit must be always on.
Use opaque tubing to avoid the growth of algae.
Operating type
in-air or vented vacuum
in-vacuum
Operating temperature
The cooling unit has always to be
set to a temperature of 23°C.
Prior to and during pumping
down and venting the cooling unit
has to be set to a temperature of
23°C for at least 30 minutes.
Prior to powering up and
operating the detector in-vacuum
the cooling unit has to be set to a
temperature of 10°C for at least
30 minutes.
Operating pressure
max. 3 bar
max. 2 bar
Do not set the temperature of the cooling unit below the recommended operating
temperature. Condensing moisture can develop and damage the detector.

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 19/34
5. Installing the Detector System
5.1. Mounting
The detector can be mounted in two ways:
5.2. Mounting from Above
Use the optional mounting brackets. These mounting brackets have to be mounted from below on the
base plate of the detector. The detector should be mounted using all four outer 7 mm holes (blue).
Make sure the mounting brackets are mounted and properly tightened using the four optional M4
screws (green).
Figure 5: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder).

Technical Specifications and Operating Procedure. PILATUS3 R 300K-W Detector System. Version: V3 20/34
5.3. Mounting from Below
The detector should be mounted using the four internal M6x1 threads (yellow).
Figure 6: Drawing of the PILATUS3 R 300K-W detector base plate (printed separately in the user
documentation folder).
The four M6 screws must not intrude into the detector more than 10 mm.
Make sure the detector is properly mounted.