Digi NS9750 Application guide

NS9750 Hardware Reference
90000624_G

Part number/version: 90000624_G
Release date: March 2008
www.digiembedded.com
NS9750 Hardware Reference

Digi International
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www.digiembedded.com
©2008 Digi International Inc.
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Contents
iii
Chapter 1: About NS9750 ...............................................................................................1
NS9750 Features ......................................................................... 2
System-level interfaces................................................................. 8
System boot .............................................................................10
Reset......................................................................................10
RESET_DONE as an input........................................................11
RESET_DONE as an output......................................................11
System clock.............................................................................13
USB clock.................................................................................15
Chapter 2: NS9750 Pinout ...........................................................................................17
Pinout and signal descriptions........................................................18
System Memory interface ......................................................18
System Memory interface signals..............................................22
Ethernet interface...............................................................25
Clock generation/system pins .................................................26
bist_en_n, pll_test_n, and scan_en_n........................................28
PCI interface......................................................................28
GPIO MUX .........................................................................34
LCD module signals..............................................................42
I2C interface......................................................................43
USB interface.....................................................................43
JTAG interface for ARM core/boundary scan................................43
Reserved ..........................................................................45
Power ground.....................................................................46

iv
Chapter 3: Working with the CPU ......................................................................47
About the processor....................................................................48
Instruction sets..........................................................................49
ARM instruction set..............................................................50
Thumb instruction set...........................................................50
Java instruction set .............................................................50
System control processor (CP15) registers..........................................51
ARM926EJ-S system addresses .................................................51
Accessing CP15 registers........................................................52
Terms and abbreviations .......................................................52
Register summary................................................................53
R0: ID code and cache type status registers.................................55
R1: Control register .............................................................58
R2: Translation Table Base register...........................................61
R3: Domain Access Control register...........................................61
R4 register ........................................................................62
R5: Fault Status registers.......................................................62
R6: Fault Address register......................................................64
R7: Cache Operations register.................................................64
R8:TLB Operations register.....................................................68
R9: Cache Lockdown register ..................................................69
R10: TLB Lockdown register....................................................73
R11 and R12 registers ...........................................................74
R13: Process ID register.........................................................75
R14 register.......................................................................77
R15: Test and debug register ..................................................77
Jazelle (Java) ...........................................................................77
DSP........................................................................................78
Memory Management Unit (MMU)....................................................78
MMU Features ....................................................................78
Address translation..............................................................81
MMU faults and CPU aborts.....................................................95
Domain access control ..........................................................98
Fault checking sequence .......................................................99
External aborts..................................................................102
Enabling the MMU...............................................................103
Disabling the MMU ..............................................................104

v
TLB structure....................................................................104
Caches and write buffer..............................................................105
Cache features..................................................................105
Write buffer .....................................................................106
Enabling the caches ............................................................107
Cache MVA and Set/Way formats ............................................109
Noncachable instruction fetches....................................................111
Self-modifying code ............................................................112
AHB behavior ....................................................................112
Instruction Memory Barrier...........................................................113
IMB operation....................................................................113
Sample IMB sequences .........................................................114
Chapter 4: System Control Module ................................................................. 115
System Control Module features ....................................................116
Bus interconnection...................................................................116
System bus arbiter.....................................................................116
Arbiter configuration examples ..............................................120
Address decoding ......................................................................123
Programmable timers.................................................................125
Software watchdog timer......................................................125
General purpose timers/counters............................................125
Interrupt controller ...................................................................129
Vectored interrupt controller (VIC) flow....................................132
System attributes......................................................................133
PLL configuration ...............................................................133
Bootstrap initialization ........................................................134
System configuration registers ......................................................138
AHB Arbiter Gen Configuration register.....................................144
BRC0, BRC1, BRC2, and BRC3 registers......................................145
Timer 0–15 Reload Count registers...........................................146
Timer 0–15 Read register ......................................................147
Interrupt Vector Address Register Level 0–31 ..............................147
Int (Interrupt) Config (Configuration) registers (0–31)....................148
ISRADDR register................................................................150
Interrupt Status Active.........................................................151

vi
Interrupt Status Raw ...........................................................152
Timer Interrupt Status register...............................................153
Software Watchdog Configuration register .................................153
Software Watchdog Timer register ..........................................155
Clock Configuration register ..................................................155
Reset and Sleep Control register.............................................157
Miscellaneous System Configuration and Status register .................158
PLL Configuration register.....................................................161
Active Interrupt Level Status register .......................................163
Timer 0–15 Control registers..................................................163
System Memory Chip Select 0 Dynamic Memory Base and Mask registers..
165
System Memory Chip Select 1 Dynamic Memory Base and Mask registers..
166
System Memory Chip Select 2 Dynamic Memory Base and Mask registers..
167
System Memory Chip Select 3 Dynamic Memory Base and Mask registers..
168
System Memory Chip Select 0 Static Memory Base and Mask registers.169
System Memory Chip Select 1 Static Memory Base and Mask registers.170
System Memory Chip Select 2 Static Memory Base and Mask registers.171
System Memory Chip Select 3 Static Memory Base and Mask registers.172
Gen ID register ..................................................................173
External Interrupt 0–3 Control register......................................175
Chapter 5: Memory Controller .............................................................................177
Features.................................................................................178
System overview................................................................179
Low-power operation ..........................................................180
Memory map.....................................................................180
Static memory controller.............................................................183
Write protection ................................................................184
Extended wait transfers .......................................................184
Memory mapped peripherals..................................................185
Static memory initialization ..................................................185
Byte lane control ...............................................................211
Address connectivity ...........................................................212
Byte lane control and databus steering .....................................216

vii
Dynamic memory controller .........................................................224
Write protection ................................................................224
Access sequencing and memory width ......................................224
Address mapping................................................................225
Registers ................................................................................264
Register map ....................................................................264
Reset values .....................................................................266
Control register .................................................................267
Status register...................................................................269
Configuration register..........................................................269
Dynamic Memory Control register............................................270
Dynamic Memory Refresh Timer register ...................................272
Dynamic Memory Read Configuration register .............................274
Dynamic Memory Precharge Command Period register...................275
Dynamic Memory Active to Precharge Command Period register .......276
Dynamic Memory Self-refresh Exit Time register..........................277
Dynamic Memory Last Data Out to Active Time register .................278
Dynamic Memory Data-in to Active Command Time register ............279
Dynamic Memory Write Recovery Time register ...........................280
Dynamic Memory Active to Active Command Period register............281
Dynamic Memory Auto Refresh Period register ............................282
Dynamic Memory Exit Self-refresh register.................................283
Dynamic Memory Active Bank A to Active Bank B Time register ........284
Dynamic Memory Load Mode register to Active Command Time register..
285
Static Memory Extended Wait register ......................................286
Dynamic Memory Configuration 0–3 registers ..............................287
Dynamic Memory RAS and CAS Delay 0–3 registers ........................291
Static Memory Configuration 0–3 registers..................................292
Static Memory Write Enable Delay 0–3 registers...........................296
Static Memory Output Enable Delay 0–3 registers .........................297
Static Memory Read Delay 0–3 registers.....................................298
Static Memory Page Mode Read Delay 0–3 registers.......................299
Static Memory Write Delay 0–3 registers....................................300
Static Memory Turn Round Delay 0–3 registers.............................301
Chapter 6: Ethernet Communication Module ......................................315

viii
Overview................................................................................316
Ethernet MAC...........................................................................317
Station address logic (SAL)....................................................321
Statistics module ...............................................................321
Ethernet front-end module ..........................................................323
Receive packet processor .....................................................324
Transmit packet processor ....................................................327
Ethernet Slave Interface.......................................................330
Interrupts ........................................................................331
Resets.............................................................................332
External CAM filtering ................................................................334
Ethernet Control and Status registers..............................................337
Ethernet General Control Register #1 .......................................339
Ethernet General Control Register #2 .......................................342
Ethernet General Status register.............................................344
Ethernet Transmit Status register............................................344
Ethernet Receive Status register.............................................347
MAC Configuration Register #1 ...............................................348
MAC Configuration Register #2 ...............................................351
Back-to-Back Inter-Packet-Gap register.....................................354
Non Back-to-Back Inter-Packet-Gap register...............................355
Collision Window/Retry register .............................................355
Maximum Frame register ......................................................357
PHY Support register...........................................................358
MII Management Configuration register .....................................359
MII Management Command register..........................................360
MII Management Address register ............................................361
MII Management Write Data register ........................................362
MII Management Read Data register .........................................363
MII Management Indicators register..........................................363
Station Address registers ......................................................364
Station Address Filter register................................................366
Register Hash Tables ...........................................................366
Statistics registers..............................................................368
RX_A Buffer Descriptor Pointer register.....................................383
RX_B Buffer Descriptor Pointer register.....................................383
RX_C Buffer Descriptor Pointer register.....................................384

ix
RX_D Buffer Descriptor Pointer register ....................................384
Ethernet Interrupt Status register ...........................................385
Ethernet Interrupt Enable register...........................................387
TX Buffer Descriptor Pointer register........................................389
Transmit Recover Buffer Descriptor Pointer register .....................389
TX Error Buffer Descriptor Pointer register.................................390
RX_A Buffer Descriptor Pointer Offset register ............................391
RX_B Buffer Descriptor Pointer Offset register ............................392
RX_C Buffer Descriptor Pointer Offset register ............................393
RX_D Buffer Descriptor Pointer Offset register ............................393
Transmit Buffer Descriptor Pointer Offset register........................394
RX Free Buffer register ........................................................395
TX buffer descriptor RAM......................................................396
Sample hash table code ..............................................................397
Chapter 7: PCI-to-AHB Bridge ............................................................................403
About the PCI-to-AHB Bridge ........................................................404
PCI-to-AHB bridge functionality ..............................................405
Cross-bridge transaction error handling.....................................407
AHB address decoding and translation ......................................408
PCI address decoding and mapping ..........................................408
Interrupts ........................................................................409
Transaction ordering ...........................................................410
Endian configuration ...........................................................411
Configuration registers.........................................................411
Bridge Configuration registers................................................413
PCI bus arbiter .........................................................................418
PCI arbiter functional description............................................419
Slave interface..................................................................420
PCI Arbiter Configuration registers ..........................................420
PCI system configurations............................................................456
Device selection for configuration ...........................................458
PCI interrupts....................................................................458
PCI central resource functions................................................458
CardBus Support .......................................................................461
Configuring NS9750 for CardBus support....................................463
CardBus adapter requirements ...............................................464

x
CardBus interrupts..............................................................465
Chapter 8: BBus Bridge ................................................................................................467
BBus bridge functions.................................................................468
Bridge control logic ...................................................................469
DMA accesses....................................................................471
BBus control logic .....................................................................472
BBus bridge masters and slaves...............................................472
Cycles and BBus arbitration...................................................473
BBus peripheral address map (decoding) ...................................473
Two-channel AHB DMA controller (AHB bus) ......................................474
DMA buffer descriptor..........................................................474
Descriptor list processing......................................................476
Peripheral DMA read access...................................................477
Peripheral DMA write access..................................................478
Peripheral REQ signaling.......................................................479
Design Limitations ..............................................................480
Calculating AHB DMA response latency......................................480
Static RAM chip select configuration ........................................482
Interrupt aggregation .................................................................483
Bandwidth requirements .............................................................483
SPI-EEPROM boot logic................................................................484
Serial Channel B configuration ...............................................485
Memory Controller configuration.............................................486
SDRAM boot algorithm .........................................................488
BBus Bridge Control and Status registers ..........................................490
Buffer Descriptor Pointer register ...........................................491
DMA Channel 1/2 Control register ...........................................491
DMA Status and Interrupt Enable register...................................494
DMA Peripheral Chip Select register.........................................496
BBus Bridge Interrupt Status register........................................498
BBus Bridge Interrupt Enable register .......................................499
Chapter 9: BBus DMA Controller ......................................................................501
About the BBus DMA controllers.....................................................502
DMA context memory .................................................................503

xi
DMA buffer descriptor ................................................................504
DMA channel assignments ............................................................509
DMA Control and Status registers ...................................................510
DMA Buffer Descriptor Pointer................................................512
DMA Control register ...........................................................514
DMA Status/Interrupt Enable register .......................................516
Chapter 10: BBus Utility ............................................................................................521
BBus Utility Control and Status registers ..........................................522
Master Reset register...........................................................523
GPIO Configuration registers..................................................524
GPIO Control registers .........................................................529
GPIO Status registers...........................................................532
BBus Monitor register ..........................................................535
BBus DMA Interrupt Status register ..........................................536
BBus DMA Interrupt Enable register..........................................537
USB Configuration register ....................................................538
Endian Configuration register.................................................539
ARM Wake-up register..........................................................541
Chapter 11: I2C Master/Slave Interface ...................................................543
Overview................................................................................544
Physical I2C bus.................................................................544
I2C external addresses................................................................545
I2C command interface...............................................................545
Locked interrupt driven mode................................................546
Master module and slave module commands...............................546
Bus arbitration ..................................................................547
I2C registers ............................................................................547
Command Transmit Data register ............................................548
Status Receive Data register..................................................549
Master Address register........................................................550
Slave Address register..........................................................551
Configuration register..........................................................552
Interrupt Codes ........................................................................553
Software driver ........................................................................555

xii
Flow charts .............................................................................556
Master module (normal mode, 16-bit).......................................556
Slave module (normal mode, 16-bit) ........................................557
Chapter 12: LCD Controller ....................................................................................559
LCD features............................................................................560
Programmable parameters....................................................560
LCD panel resolution ...........................................................561
LCD panel support ..............................................................561
Number of colors ...............................................................562
LCD power up and power down sequence support ........................563
LCD controller functional overview.................................................564
Clocks.............................................................................565
Signals and interrupts..........................................................566
AHB interface ..........................................................................568
AHB master and slave interfaces.............................................568
Dual DMA FIFOs and associated control logic...............................568
Pixel serializer ..................................................................569
RAM palette......................................................................573
Grayscaler .......................................................................574
Upper and lower panel formatters...........................................574
Panel clock generator..........................................................574
Timing controller ...............................................................574
Generating interrupts..........................................................575
External pad interface signals ................................................575
LCD panel signal multiplexing details .......................................575
Registers ................................................................................579
LCDTiming0......................................................................580
LCDTiming1......................................................................582
LCDTiming2 register............................................................583
LCDTiming3......................................................................587
LCDUPBASE and LCDLPBASE...................................................587
LCDINTRENABLE.................................................................589
LCDControl register.............................................................590
LCDStatus register..............................................................593
LCDInterrupt register ..........................................................594
LCDUPCURR and LCDLPCURR..................................................594

xiii
LCDPalette register.............................................................595
Interrupts ...............................................................................598
MBERRORINTR — Master bus error interrupt................................598
VCOMPINTR — Vertical compare interrupt..................................598
LBUINTR — Next base address update interrupt ...........................599
Chapter 13: Serial Control Module: UART ...........................................601
Features.................................................................................602
Bit-rate generator ..............................................................603
UART mode .............................................................................604
FIFO management ....................................................................605
Transmit FIFO interface .......................................................605
Receive FIFO interface.........................................................606
Serial port performance..............................................................608
Serial port control and status registers ............................................608
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Control Register A ................................611
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Control Register B ................................614
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Status Register A..................................617
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Bit-rate register...................................624
Serial Channel B/A/C/D FIFO Data register ................................629
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Receive Buffer GAP Timer.......................630
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Receive Character GAP Timer ..................632
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Receive Match register...........................634
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Receive Match MASK register ...................635
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Flow Control register.............................636
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Flow Control Force register .....................638
Chapter 14: Serial Control Module: SPI ..................................................643
Features.................................................................................644
Bit-rate generator ..............................................................645
SPI mode ................................................................................646
SPI modes ........................................................................646
FIFO management .....................................................................647
Transmit FIFO interface .......................................................647
Receive FIFO interface.........................................................648
Serial port performance..............................................................650

xiv
Serial port control and status registers ............................................650
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Control Register A ................................652
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Control Register B ................................655
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Status Register A..................................657
Serial Channel B/A/C/D Bit-rate register...................................660
Serial Channel B/A/C/D FIFO Data register ................................665
Chapter 15: IEEE 1284 Peripheral Controller ...................................669
Requirements ..........................................................................670
Overview................................................................................670
Compatibility mode ............................................................671
Nibble mode.....................................................................672
Byte mode .......................................................................672
ECP mode ........................................................................673
Data and command FIFOs......................................................675
IEEE 1284 negotiation..........................................................676
BBus slave and DMA interface .......................................................677
BBus slave and DMA interface register map ................................677
IEEE 1284 General Configuration register...................................679
Interrupt Status and Control register........................................681
FIFO Status register ............................................................684
Forward Command FIFO Read register ......................................686
Forward Data FIFO Read register.............................................687
Reverse FIFO Write register/Reverse FIFO Write Register — Last.......687
Forward Command DMA Control register ...................................689
Forward Data DMA Control register..........................................690
Printer Data Pins register......................................................691
Port Status register, host......................................................692
Port Control register ...........................................................693
Port Status register, peripheral ..............................................694
Feature Control Register A....................................................694
Feature Control Register B....................................................695
Interrupt Enable register ......................................................695
Master Enable register .........................................................697
Extensibility Byte Requested by Host........................................698
Extended Control register.....................................................698
Interrupt Status register.......................................................699

xv
Pin Interrupt Mask register....................................................700
Pin Interrupt Control register.................................................701
Granularity Count register ....................................................702
Forward Address register......................................................703
Core Phase (IEEE1284) register...............................................704
Chapter 16: USB Controller Module ..............................................................707
Overview................................................................................708
USB module architecture.............................................................708
USB device block.......................................................................710
Control and status..............................................................710
Packet and data flow...........................................................711
Logical and physical endpoints ...............................................712
Slew rates........................................................................712
Host block...............................................................................712
Control and status..............................................................712
Packet data flow................................................................713
USB device endpoint ..................................................................714
Transmission error handling..........................................................714
Handling USB-IN packet errors................................................715
Handling USB-OUT packet errors.............................................715
USB block registers....................................................................716
USB Global registers...................................................................716
Global Control and Status register...........................................717
Device Control and Status register...........................................718
Global Interrupt Enable register .............................................720
Global Interrupt Status register ..............................................721
Device IP Programming Control/Status register ...........................724
USB host block registers..............................................................725
Reserved bits....................................................................725
USB host block register address map ........................................725
HCRevision register.............................................................726
HcControl register..............................................................727
HcCommandStatus register ...................................................730
HcInterruptStatus register.....................................................733
HcInterruptEnable register....................................................735
HcInterruptDisable register ...................................................737

xvi
HcHCCA register ................................................................739
HcPeriodCurrentED register...................................................740
HcControlHeadED register.....................................................741
HcControlCurrentED register..................................................742
HcBulkHeadED register ........................................................743
HcBulkCurrentED register .....................................................744
HcDoneHead register...........................................................746
HcFmInterval register..........................................................747
HcFmRemaining register.......................................................748
HcFmNumber register..........................................................749
HcPeriodicStart register .......................................................750
HcLsThreshold register.........................................................751
Root hub partition registers...................................................752
HcRhDescriptorA register......................................................753
HcRhDescriptorB register......................................................755
HcRhStatus register ............................................................756
HcRhPortStatus[1] register....................................................759
USB Device Block registers...........................................................765
Device Descriptor/Setup Command register................................765
Endpoint Descriptor #0–#11 registers........................................766
USB Device Endpoint FIFO Control and Data registers...........................767
FIFO Interrupt Status registers ...............................................769
FIFO Interrupt Enable registers...............................................776
FIFO Packet Control registers.................................................780
FIFO Status and Control registers ............................................781
Chapter 17: Timing ............................................................................................................787
Electrical characteristics.............................................................788
Absolute maximum ratings ....................................................788
Recommended operating conditions.........................................788
Maximum power dissipation...................................................789
Typical power dissipation .....................................................789
DC electrical characteristics.........................................................790
Inputs.............................................................................790
Outputs...........................................................................791
Reset and edge sensitive input timing requirements ............................792
Power sequencing .....................................................................794

xvii
Memory timing .........................................................................795
SDRAM burst read (16-bit).....................................................796
SDRAM burst read (16-bit), CAS latency = 3 ................................797
SDRAM burst write (16-bit)....................................................798
SDRAM burst read (32-bit).....................................................799
SDRAM burst read (32-bit), CAS latency = 3 ................................800
SDRAM burst write (32-bit)....................................................801
SDRAM load mode...............................................................802
SDRAM refresh mode ...........................................................803
Clock enable timing ............................................................803
Static RAM read cycles with 0 wait states ..................................805
Static RAM asynchronous page mode read, WTPG = 1 ....................806
Static RAM read cycle with configurable wait states .....................807
Static RAM sequential write cycles ..........................................808
Static RAM write cycle.........................................................809
Static write cycle with configurable wait states...........................810
Slow peripheral acknowledge timing ........................................811
Ethernet timing ........................................................................813
Ethernet MII timing.............................................................814
Ethernet RMII timing ...........................................................815
PCI timing...............................................................................816
Internal PCI arbiter timing ....................................................818
PCI burst write from NS9750 timing .........................................818
PCI burst read from NS9750 timing ..........................................819
PCI burst write to NS9750 timing.............................................819
PCI burst read to NS9750 timing..............................................820
PCI clock timing.................................................................820
I2C timing...............................................................................821
LCD timing..............................................................................822
Horizontal timing for STN displays...........................................824
Vertical timing for STN displays ..............................................825
Horizontal timing for TFT displays...........................................825
Vertical timing for TFT displays ..............................................825
HSYNC vs VSYNC timing for STN displays....................................826
HSYNC vs VSYNC timing for TFT displays....................................826
LCD output timing ..............................................................826
SPI timing ...............................................................................827

xviii
SPI master mode 0 and 1: 2-byte transfer ..................................829
SPI master mode 2 and 3: 2-byte transfer ..................................829
SPI slave mode 0 and 1: 2-byte transfer ....................................830
SPI slave mode 2 and 3: 2-byte transfer ....................................830
IEEE 1284 timing.......................................................................831
IEEE 1284 timing example.....................................................831
USB timing ..............................................................................832
USB differential data timing ..................................................833
USB full speed load timing ....................................................833
USB low speed load.............................................................834
Reset and hardware strapping timing ..............................................835
JTAG timing ............................................................................836
Clock timing ............................................................................837
USB crystal/external oscillator timing ......................................837
LCD input clock timing.........................................................838
System PLL bypass mode timing..............................................839
Chapter 18: Packaging ...................................................................................................841
Product specifications .........................................................845