Diodes AP3981B User manual

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2 Page 1 of 13 11 –12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
General Description
Based on Flyback topology, the Primary side
Regulated AP3981B EV board is designed to
serve as an example for High Efficiency, low
cost & less components consumer home
appliance systems. Also a 650V N MosFet is
integrated within control IC for easy fitting in a
flexible & small size power system design.
During the valley on operating & work at PFM
region the high efficiency and low standby
function can be achieved, by mean of using
multi-mode controlling skill the accurate constant
voltage and constant current can be easy meet.
Its output power is rated at 6W with 12V-0.5A. It
can meet DOE VI and CoC Tier 2 energy
efficiency requirement.
Key Features
90 ~264VAC input range
Using the Primary side control for eliminating the
Opto-coupler.
Multi-Mode PFM method operations, the
switching frequency between 24kh ~80Khz.
With Valley on detection the switching stay at
Valley on region so that will improve power
converting efficiency & EMI performance, the
82% Efficiency can be reached at full load.
During the burst mode operation and Low start-
up operating quiescent currents the 75mW low
standby input power can be achieved.
Dynamic response is improved during work at
three mode operation as well as benefiting the
accurate constant voltage (CV) regulation &
constant current (CC) performance.
There is a Soft start during startup process.
Built-in Jittering Frequency function which is the
EMI emission can be improved.
Internal Auto Recovery OCP, OVP, OLP, OTP
Power Protection, cycle by cycle current limit,
also with DC polarity protection
Built –in Cable Compensation mode.
With a Brown out Protection.
Applications
Switching AC-DC Adaptor & Charger
Power home Appliances systems
The auxiliary Vcc power supply for bigger power
system.
Universal AC input PSR 12V-500mA Power
Specifications (CV & CC mode)
Parameter
Value
Input Voltage
90 to 264VAC
Input standby power
75mW
Main output Vo / Io
12V –500mA
Efficiency
~ 82.0%
Total Output Power
6W
Protections
OCP, OVP, OLP,OTP
XYZ Dimension
34 x 51 x 10 mm
ROHS Compliance
Yes
Evaluation Board Picture:
Figure 1: Top View
Figure 2: Bottom View

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 2 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
AP3981B (90VAC ~ 265VAC one outputs 10W Transformer Spec.)
1) Core& Bobbin: EE16C , 5+2 pin 2) Electrical Diagram:
3) Transformer Parameters
1. Primary Inductance (Pin3-Pin5), all other windings are open Lp =1.75mH
±7 % @1KHz
EE16C （Ae = 19mm^2）
NO
Winding
NAME
TERMINAL NO.
WINDING
START
FINISH
WIRE
TURNS
Layers
1
Shield
4（GND）
NC
Φ 0.16mm x 3
15Ts
1
2
Np1
3
5
Φ 0.16mm x1
130 Ts
3
3
Na
1
4
Φ 0.16mm x 2
22T
1
4
Ns
9
6
Φ 0.25W x 1
18Ts
1
Primary Inductance
Pin 3-5,all other windings
open, measured at 1kHz,
0.4VRMS
1.75mH ± 7 %
Primary Leakage
Inductance
Pin 3-5, all other windings
shorted, measured at 10kHz,
0.4VRMS
80 uH (Max.)

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 3 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
Evaluation Board Schematic
Figure 3: Evaluation Board Schematic
Evaluation Board PCB Layout
Figure4: PCB Board Layout Top View Figure5: PCB Board Layout Bottom View

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 4 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
Quick Start Guide
1. The evaluation board is preset at 12V/500mA from output + & -
2. Ensure that the AC source is switched OFF or disconnected before doing connection.
3. Connect the AC line wires of power supply to “L and N” on the left side of the board.
4. Turn on the AC main switch.
5. Measure Red & Black wires to ensure correct output voltages at 12V respectively.
Build of Material
AP3981B 12V-0.5A BOM 09-12-2019
Item
QTY per
board
REF. DES. Description MFG or Supplier
MFG P/N or Supplier P/N
Digi key #
0
1 1 BD1 ABS10, Rectifier Bridge Diodes
2 2 C1,C2 4.7uF/400V, electrolytic Aishi Electro
3 1 C3 2.2uF/50V, electrolytic Aishi Electro
4 1 C4 1nF/200V, 1206 Holy Stone
5 1 C6 1nF/100V, 0603 Holy Stone
6 2 C7, C8 470uF/16V, electrolytic Aishi Electro
7 1 CY1 100pF/250Vac, Y1 capacitor Holy Stone
8 1 D1 MDD-D7, SMA Diodes
9 1 D2 MDD-D7, SMA Diodes
10 1D3 3100, Schotty diode Diodes
11 1L1 470uH , inductor Yageo
12 1L2 bead Yageo
13 1F1 10ohm, Fusible Resistor Yageo
14 1R1 3.6M , 1206, 5% Yageo
15 1R2 3.6M , 1206, 5% Yageo
16 1R3 220K ,1206, 5% Yageo
17 1R4 150ohm ,1206, 5% Yageo
18 1R5 1R5 ohm, 1206, 1% Yageo
19 1R7 6.2K//150K, 0603，1% Yageo
20 1R8 3.3ohm, 0805, 5% Yageo
21 1R9 27K, 0805, 5% Yageo
22 1R10 47R, 0603，1% Yageo
23 1R11 30K, 0805，1% Yageo
24 1U1 AP3981B, SOIC-7 Diodes 1A-650V
25 2T1 EE16 core, PC40,

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 5 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
Input & Output Characteristics
Input Standby Power
Input Voltage
115Vac/60Hz
230Vac/50Hz
Note
Pin (w)
58.5W
69.2mW
At no loading
Figure 6: The Input Standby Powerwith at different AC input
Input power Efficiency at different loading
AC input
Efficiency (%)
Eff_avg at four
conditions
10%
25%
50%
75%
100%
90VAC/60Hz
115VAC/60Hz
74%
81.2%
81.04%
81.17%
81.07%
81.12%
230VAC/50Hz
67.6%
78.58%
80.95%
81.66%
82.19%
80.84%
264VAC/50Hz
Eff_avg
Figure 7: The efficiency curve with different loading Figure 8: CV & CC Curve at OCP set points

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 6 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
OCP Current set point with at different AC line
AC input
90VAC
115VAC
230VAC
264VAC
Note
I _max
0.641A
0.638A
0.645A
0.641A
PSU Output Characteristics:
Line Regulation (at full loading condition):
AC input Voltage
90VAC/60Hz
115VAC/60Hz
230VAC/50Hz
265VAC/50Hz
Note
12.00Vo
12.09V/0.5A
12.127V/0.5A
12.177V/0.5A
12.183V/0.5A
0.4%<1%
Cross Load Regulation (at nominal line AC input voltage):
AC input Voltage
115VAC/60Hz
230VAC/50Hz
12V Full Load
12.127V /0.5A
12.177V/0.5A
12V 10% of FL
11.818V /0.05A
11.825V/0.05A
Note: cable compensation
1.2%
1.4%
Note: All output voltages are measured at output PCB board Edge. Internal Cable Compensation 8%
Key Performance Waveforms:
System start - up time
Figure 9:AP3981C turn on time 2.07sFL at 90Vac

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 7 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
System main switching Voltage Stress on AP3981B Pin 5 & 6
Figure 10: AP3981C Vds at FL at 264 Vac, Vds=551Vp-p
System Voltage Stress across on D3 Cathode ~Anode Junction
Figure 11: D3 C-A voltage stress at 264Vac @FL Vu2 d_S = 79.2Vp-p 20V/div

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 8 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
System output Ripple performance
Figure 12: The Ripple at 90Vac_in Vpp=112.5mv FL Figure 13: The Ripple at 264Vac_in Vpp=58mv FL
System Dynamic Response performance
Figure 14:90VAC; Load level: 0~0.5A; Vout: 11.17~12.53V Figure 15: 264VAC; Load level: 0~0.5A; Vout: 11.27~12.53V
Frequency: 10ms~10mS. Slew rate: 0.25A/us Frequency: 10ms~10mS. Slew rate: 0.25A/us

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 9 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
System Dynamic Response performance
Figure 16: 90VAC; Load level: 0~0.5A; Vout: 11.4~12.47V Figure 17:264VAC; Load level: 0~0.5A; Vout: 11.40~12.47V
Frequency: 100ms~100mS. Slew rate: 0.25A/us Frequency: 100ms~100mS. Slew rate: 0.25A/us
Thermal Test data at room Temperature after running 1 hr
Figure18 : Figure19:
Ta 25℃Ta 25℃
U1 AP3981B 71.9℃U1 AP3981B 76.4℃

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 10 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
System EMI L-Line Scan Data
Figure 20: EMI Scan at 230Vac
System EMI N-Line Scan Data
Figure 21: EMI Scan at 230Vac
150 kHz
30 MHz
6DB
RBW
9 kHz
MT
1 s
PREAMP
OFF
Att
10 dB AUTO
TDF
SGL
6DB
dBµV
dBµV
1 PK
CLRWR
2 AV
CLRWR
SGL
TDF
1 MHz
10 MHz
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 15.1777954 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 15.1777954 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
LIMIT CHECK PASS
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 15.1777954 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
EN55022A
EN55022Q
Date: 4.MAR.2019 13:06:39
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
Trace1:
EN55022Q
Trace2:
EN55022A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
1 Quasi Peak
156.0906015 kHz
46.28
-19.38
2 Average
325.955575511 kHz
32.25
-17.29
2 Average
604.06488251 kHz
32.20
-13.80
1 Quasi Peak
701.300575623 kHz
40.43
-15.57
1 Quasi Peak
1.13065507631 MHz
39.51
-16.48
2 Average
1.4073443054 MHz
30.94
-15.05
1 Quasi Peak
3.44606925067 MHz
37.93
-18.07
2 Average
4.33227082061 MHz
30.10
-15.89
2 Average
8.4381577663 MHz
31.45
-18.54
1 Quasi Peak
11.3733617927 MHz
38.94
-21.05
2 Average
12.4388782936 MHz
31.04
-18.95
1 Quasi Peak
15.177795402 MHz
38.07
-21.92
Date: 4.MAR.2019 13:06:29
150 kHz
30 MHz
6DB
RBW
9 kHz
MT
1 s
PREAMP
OFF
Att
10 dB AUTO
TDF
SGL
6DB
dBµV
dBµV
1 PK
CLRWR
2 AV
CLRWR
SGL
TDF
1 MHz
10 MHz
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 12.6888997 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 12.6888997 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
LIMIT CHECK PASS
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
FREQUENCY 12.6888997 MHz
LEVEL QPK dBµV
EN55022A
EN55022Q
Date: 4.MAR.2019 13:09:52
EDIT PEAK LIST (Final Measurement Results)
Trace1:
EN55022Q
Trace2:
EN55022A
Trace3:
---
TRACE
FREQUENCY
LEVEL dBµV
DELTA LIMIT dB
1 Quasi Peak
151.5 kHz
46.59
-19.32
2 Average
322.728292586 kHz
34.08
-15.54
2 Average
510.05878768 kHz
33.26
-12.73
1 Quasi Peak
701.300575623 kHz
40.04
-15.96
1 Quasi Peak
1.02356729084 MHz
37.52
-18.47
2 Average
1.39341020336 MHz
30.52
-15.47
2 Average
4.88171119798 MHz
29.88
-16.11
1 Quasi Peak
4.97983359306 MHz
36.23
-19.76
2 Average
9.50832737927 MHz
31.19
-18.80
1 Quasi Peak
11.9535175476 MHz
37.27
-22.72
2 Average
12.5632670765 MHz
30.66
-19.33
1 Quasi Peak
12.6888997473 MHz
37.10
-22.90
Date: 4.MAR.2019 13:09:33

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 11 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
Please see the recommand Application note for reference
(web page - http://www.diodes.com/appnote_dnote.html)

Universal AC input, Primary Side Regulation
AP3981B 12V-500mA EV2 Board User Guide
AP3981B EV2Page 12 of 12 11 - 12 - 2019
Rev1.0 www.diodes.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE
DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO
THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY
JURISDICTION).
Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements,
corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes
Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product
described herein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the
rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applications shall
assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are
represented on Diodes Incorporated website, harmless against all damages.
Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased
through unauthorized sales channel.
Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application,
Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims,
damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death
associated with such unintended or unauthorized application.
Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending.
Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or
foreign trademarks.
This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English
version of this document is the final and determinative format released by Diodes Incorporated.
LIFE SUPPORT
Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or
systems without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein:
A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which:
1. are intended to implant into the body, or
2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for
use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user.
B. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be
reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life
support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and
safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-
critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that
may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its
representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical,
life support devices or systems.
Copyright © 2016, Diodes Incorporated
www.diodes.com