G.T.Power X-Charger User manual

BALANCE CHARGER/DISCHARGER
FOR NICD/NIMH/LITHIUM/PB BATTERIES
Thank you for purchasing the balance charger. This is a rapid
charger/discharger with built in balancer, computerized with
microprocessor and specialized operating software. Please
read the manual completely and carefully before using.
Operating Manual

Contents
13. Specifications
14. Warranty and service
12. Warning and error messages
11. Various information in the process
10. Load Data Program
9. Save Data Program
8.2 Discharging Pb battery
8.1 Charging Pb battery
7.2 Discharging NiCd/NiMH battery
7.1 Charging NiCd/NiMH battery
8. Pb( lead-sulphuric acid) battery program
7.3 NiMH /NiCd battery charge and discharge mode cycle
7. NiMH/NiCd battery program
6.5 Discharging Lithium battery
6.4 'STORAGE' control Lithium battery
6.3 'FAST' charging Lithium battery
6.2 Charging Lithium battery in balance mode
6.1 Charging Lithium Battery.
6. Lithium battery (Lilo/LiPo/LiFe) program
5. Initial Parameter set up (User setting)
4. Program flow chart
3. Warnings and safety notes
2. Exterior of the unit
1. Features
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6.6 Voltage balancing and monitoring in the process of discharging

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1. Features
Optimized operating software
The 'AUTO' function can set the current automatically when charging or discharging.
Especially for Lithium battery, it can prevent over-charging which might lead to an
explosion. Every program in the unit is controlled with mutual links and communication
which guarantees the maximum safety for every possible error. These can be set at users
option.
It provides Lithium batteries with many convenient charge ports ( 3,4,5,6)
High-power and high-performance circuit
The max output power is 50W, that is, you can get the same result with 15 cells NiCd/NiMH
and 6 cells Lithium batteries in parallel when the max current is 6A. Furthermore, the
cooling system can work without any problem under such power.
Individual voltage balancer for Lithium batteries inside
It has an individual-cell-voltage balancer inside. This does not require any extra balancer to
balance the voltage when charging Lithium batteries (Lilo/LiPO/LiFe)
Balance individual cells in process of discharging
It also can monitor and balance individual cells of the Lithium battery pack in the process of
charging. If the voltage of any cell varies abnormally, the process will be stopped with an
error message.
Accept various types of Lithium battery
It can accept three types of Lithium batteries- Lilo, LiPo and LiFe. They have different
characteristics because of their different chemistry. You can choose any one to use on the
basis of their specifications and safety notes.
Lithium battery 'Fast' and 'Storage' mode
You can charge Lithium battery for special purposes. 'Fast' charge reduces the charging
time of Lithium battery and 'Storage' mode controls the nominal voltage of the battery to be
suit for long time storage.
Maximum safety
Delta-peak sensitivity: It's an automatic termination process for charging current. The
principle is it will stop charging when the battery voltage increase to the highest and then
start to drop.(NiCd/NiMH)
Auto-charge current limit: When charging NiCd or NiMH in 'AUTO' current mode, you can
set the upper limit of charge current to avoid high charging current. This is very useful when
charging the low impedance and small capacity NiMH battery in 'AUTO' mode.
Capacity limit: Multiple the charging current by time, you will get the capacity . If the
charging capacity exceeds the limit the process will be terminated automatically when you
set the maximum value.
Temperature limit: The temperature of the battery on charging will rise by its internal
chemical reaction. If you set the limit of temperature the process will be expired forcibly
when the limit has reached.
Processing time limit: you can also restrain the maximum process time to prevent from any
possible defect.

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(DC10~18V)
Input voltage monitor: To protect the battery which is used as input power from being
damaged, the charger will monitor the voltage. If it dorps below the lower limit the process
will be ended automatically.
※Automatic cooling fan: The electric cooling fan comes into action automatically when it
starts to charge or discharge.
Data store/load
For users convenience, it can store maximum 5 data of different batteries. You can
establish the data with program setting to charge or discharge continually. These datas can
be called out at any time when you need and the process can be executed without program
setting.
Cyclic charging/discharging
Perform 1 to 5 cycles of charge>discharge or discharge>charge continually for battery
refreshing and balancing.
2. Exterior of the unit

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3. Warnings and safety notes
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Never leave the charge unsupervised when it is connected to its power supply.
If any malfunction is observed please terminate the process immediately and refer to the
Manual.
Keep away the unit from dust, damp, rain, heat direct sunshine and vibration. Do not
drop it.
The circuit of the unit is designed to be powered by a 10-18V DC only.
Please do not put the charger and battery on flammable and explosive materials when
charging or discharging. Never place them on a car seat, carpet or similar things. Keep
all the inflammables and explosives well away from the operating area.
Be sure to understand the information of the battery to be charged or discharged
accurately. If the program is set up incorrectly the battery can severely be damaged.
Especially Lithium battery can cause a fire or an explosion by over-charging.
voltage level:1.2V/cell
allowable fast charge current:1C~2C depends on the
performance of cell: discharge voltage cut off level:
0.85V/cell(NiCd), 1.0V/cell(NiMH)
voltage level:3.6V/cell
max.charge voltage:4.1V/cell
allowable fast charge current: 1C or less
min.discharge voltage cut off level:2.5V/cell or higher
voltage level:3.7V/cell
max.charge voltage:4.2V/cell
allowable fast charge current: 1C or less
discharge voltage cut off level:3.0V/cell or higher
voltage level:3.3V/cell
max.charge voltage:3.6V/cell
allowable fast charge current: 4C or less(e.g. A123M1)
discharge voltage cut off level:2.0V/cell or higher
voltage level:2.0V/cell
(Lead-acid) max.charge voltage:2.46V/cell
allowable fast charge current:0.4C or less
discharge voltage cut off level:1.50V/cell or higher
NiCd/NiMH
Lilo
LiPo
Life
Pb
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To avoid short-circuits between the charge wires, always connect the charge cable to the
unit first and then to the battery. Reverse the sequence when disconnecting.
Do not attempt to disassemble the battery pack arbitrarily.
You have to pay attention to verify the capacity and the voltage of the Lithium battery
pack. It may be a mix of parallel and series connections. In series link ,the pack capacity
is the individual cell capacity and the pack voltage is the total voltage of all cells .While in
parallel link, individual cell capacity multiplied by cell count is the pack capacity. But the
voltage remains the same. Unbalanced voltage in parallel link can cause a fire or
explosion in charge process. We recommend you compose the Lithium battery pack in
series only.

Discharge
The typical purpose of discharge is to confirm the residual capacity of the battery or to
lower the voltage of battery to a defined level. When you discharge the battery you also
have to pay attention to the process. To avoid over-discharging, please set the nominal
discharge voltage correctly. Voltage of Lithium batteries must not be discharged lower
than the minimum voltage, because this can lead to a rapid loss of capacity or a total
failure. Generally, you do not need to discharge Lithium battery.
Some batteries have memory function. If the capacity is partly used, they will 'remember'
it and use that part of capacity only next time. This is a 'memory 'function. NiCd /NiMH
batteries also have memory function, but they prefer complete cycles. It means they fully
charged and then completely used. NiMH battery's memory function is not that good
when compared with NiCd battery.
The Lithium battery prefers a partial rather than a full discharge. Frequent full discharge
should be avoided if possible. Instead, charge the battery more often or use a larger
battery.
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Those warnings and safety notes are particularly important. Please
follow the instructions for a maximum safety, otherwise the charger and
battery can be badly damaged. Also it can cause a fire, lead to human
injury or property loss.
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4. Program flow chart
PROGRAM SELECT
LiXX BATT LiXX CHARGE LiXX CHARGE LiXX BALANCE LiXX FAST CHG
LiXX DISCHARGE LiXX STORAGE
NiMH CYCLE
NiMH DISCHARGE
NiMH CHARGE
Aut/Man
PROGRAM SELECT
NiMH BATT
PROGRAM SELECT
Nicd BATT
Nicd CHARGE
Aut/Man Nicd DISCHARGE Nicd CYCLE
Pb DISCHARGE
Pb CHARGE
PROGRAM SELECT
Pb BATT
SAVE DATA
PROGRAM SELECT
SAVE DATA
LOAD DATA
PROGRAM SELECT
LOAD DATA
USER SET
PROGRAM
Input Power Low
Cut-Off
Key Beep
Buzzer
Capacity
Cut-Off
Safety Timer
LiXX V.Type
LiIo/LiPo/LiFe
CHK Time
NiMH Sensitivity
D.Peak
Nicd Sensitivity
D.Peak
Waste Time
CHG>DCHG
Temp Cut-Off
Test Lixx Inter
Nal Resistance
Measuring IR
WALT PLEASE
1: --- --- ---mΩ
4: --- --- ---mΩ
Battery Pack IR
0mΩ
Test in 5s

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Safety Temp
It will work with the default value when connected to the power supply for the first time.
Users can change all the parameters of the display if it is necessary. The screen turns
bright when press Start/Enter, then you can press DEC/INC to change the parameters,
when finish the changing, press Start/Enter to store.
5. Initial Parameter set up (User setting)
The screen displays the nominal voltage of Lithium battery.
There are three kinds of Lithium batteries: LiFe(3.3V),
Lilo(3.6V) or LiPo(3.7V). It is so important that you must
check the battery carefully and set it up correctly, otherwise,
the battery might explode when charging.
To avoid user's erroneous setting, it can identify the cells of
Lithium battery automatically when start to charge or
discharge. But the battery cells might be identified incorrectly
when it's deeply discharged. To prevent the error, users can
set the time to verify the cells by the processor. Normally, 10
minutes is enough to identify the cells correctly. For the
battery of larger capacity, it may extend the setting time. But if
you set the time too long for the battery of small capacity,
then the charge or discharge process can be finished within
the setting time with the erroneous cells, this will cause
serious result. If the processor identifies the cells incorrectly
at the beginning of charge or discharge, users can extend the
time. Otherwise, keep the default value for best.
The screen displays the trigger voltage for automatic charging
of NiMH and NiCd battery, the effective voltage of each cell is
5-- 20mv.If the trigger voltage is set higher, there is a danger
of overcharging ,if it is set lower, there is a possibility of stop
charging prematurely. Please refer to the technical
specification of the battery (NiCd default voltage:12mv, NiMH
default voltage :7mv).
There is a temperature sensor port on the left of the charger.
It can test the temperature of the battery.
Cycling charge and discharge of the battery, the battery will
get warm after charge or discharge. After the process of
charge and discharge, users can set the time to extend the
program, in this way, there have enough time to cooling
before the battery enter to the next program. (time range:
0—60minutes)

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The integral safety timer will start to run automatically when
start to charge. If the termination circuit can't detect whether
the battery is full or not, this program can prevent to
overcharge. The value of the safety timer should be large
enough to allow the charging totally.
This program sets the maximum charge capacity that will be
supplied to the battery during charge. If the delta-pack
voltage can not detected or the safety timer is stopping
because of some reasons, the process will stop charging
automatically when the capacity is selected.
Users can confirm the operation from the Beep sound. It can
be ON and OFF.
This program monitors the input voltage of battery. If the
voltage is lower than the setting value, then the operation will
be stopped forcedly to protect the input voltage.
6. Lithium battery (Lilo/LiPo/LiFe) program
These programs are just suitable for charging and discharging Lithium batteries which the
nominal voltage is 3.3V, 3.6V and 3.7V. These batteries need to work in different charge
modes, there are 2 charge modes: constant voltage (CV) charging and constant current
(CC) charging. Different battery capacity and performance make the different current. The
final voltage in charging process is also very important. It should be precisely matched with
the charging voltage of the battery. Lipo: 4.2v, Lilo: 4.1v, Life: 3.6v. So, charging current and
nominal voltage should be set up correctly when charging.
The screen turns bright when press Start/Enter, then you can press to change
the parameter value, after this, press Start/Enter again to store.
DEC/INC
6.1 Charging Lithium Battery
Value on the left side of second line is charge current setting
and the right side is voltage setting. When finish the setting of
current and voltage, press Start/Enter key for 3 seconds to
start the process.
(Charge current: 0.1~6.0A, Cell count: 1~6 cells)
It is displays the cells which you set up and the cells detected
by the processor. ' R ': it means the cells detected by the
charger. ' S' : it means the cells that you selected at the last
menu. It can press Start/Enter to start charging if these two
values are identical. Otherwise, press Batt Type/Stop to
return the last screen to check the cells carefully and charge
again.
The screen displays the current state of charging. Press Batt
Type/Stop to stop charging.

BALANCE
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6.2 Charging Lithium battery in balance mode
This is for balancing the voltage of Lithium ion batteries .Charging battery packs should
have a separate connector，connect it to the right port of the charger, and also you need to
connect the battery to the external of charger.
For this charging mode, it is different from other ordinary charging mode. The internal
processor of the charger will monitor the voltage of each single cell and control the current
of each cell. In this way, it can balance the voltage of the battery.
Value on the left side of second line is charge current setting
and the right side is for voltage setting. When finish the
setting of current and voltage, press Start/Enter key for 3
seconds to start the process.
It is displays the cells which you set up and the cells detected
by the processor. ' R ' it means the number of cells detected
by the charger and ' S' it means the cells that you selected at
the last menu. it can press Start/Enter to start charging if the
two values are identical. Otherwise, press Batt Type/Stop to
return to the last screen, check the cells carefully and charge
again.
The screen displays the current state of charging. Press Batt
Type/Stop to stop charging.
6.3 'FAST' charging Lithium battery
The charging current gets smaller and smaller as the charging process finished.
To finish charging in advance, the program leaves out some CV process. Actually, when the
fast charging is finished, the charging current will go to 1/5 of initial value and the normal
charging current go to 1/10. The charging capacity may be a bit smaller than normal
charging, but the charging time will be reduced.
Users can set up the charging current and the charging
voltage of the charging battery pack. Press Start/Enter to
start setting current and voltage, and press DEC/INC to
change the value. Press Start/Enter for 3 seconds to confirm
the setting value and start charging.
6.4 'STORAGE' control Lithium battery
This is designed for charging or discharging Lithium battery. According to the initial voltage
of the battery, the program will determine to charge or discharge the battery to a certain
voltage. They are different from the other batteries such as 3.75V for Lilo, 3.85V for LiPo
and 3.3V for LiFe per cell. If the initial voltage of battery is higher than the storage voltage,
the program will start to discharge.
It displays the current state of ‘FAST’ charging. Press Batt
Type/Stop to stop charging.
You can set up the current and the voltage of the charging
battery pack. The set current will be used as charge or
discharge current.

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It shows the current state of ‘FAST’charging. Press Batt
Type/Stop to stop charging.
6.5 Discharging Lithium battery
For a maximum safety, the value of discharge current on the
left side should not exceed 1C. And to avoid over discharging,
the nominal voltage on the right side should not be lower than
the voltage level that is recommended by the manufacturer.
Press Start/Enter for 3 seconds to start discharging.
(discharge current range: 0.1-1.0A)
It shows the current state of discharging. Press Batt
Type/Stop to stop discharging.
6.6 Voltage balancing and monitoring in the process of discharging
Processor monitors the individual cell's voltage in the modes of 'Storage' and 'Discharge' to
make them normal and equal. For this feature, the balance port of the battery pack should
be connected to the corresponding port of the charger.
It will terminate the process forcibly with the error massage if the voltage of any one or
more cells varies abnormally in the procedure. It means there are bad cells or incorrect
connections in the pack if it happens. You can easily find the bad cells and incorrect
connection by pressing INC when it shows error message.
The processor found that one cell's voltage in the Lithium
battery pack is too low.
In this case, it shows the 4th cell is broken .The voltage will
be 0 if the cable or plug unconnected or connection- broken.
7. NiMH/NiCd battery program
It designed for charging and discharging NiMH (Nickel-Metal-Hydride) or NiCd (Nickel-
Cadmium) battery that commonly used for R/C model aplication. The screen turns bright
when press Start/Enter, then you can press DEC/INC to change the parameter value,
press Start/Enterto store.
Press Start/Enter for 3 seconds to start the process.
7.1 Charging NiCd/NiMH battery
Use the set current you can simply charge the battery. In 'Aut'
mode, you need to set the upper limit of charge current to
avoid higher charging current may damage the battery. Some
batteries of low impedance and small capacity can lead to the
higher charge current by the processor in automatic charge
mode. But in 'Man' mode, it will charge the battery with the
charge current you set on the screen. Each mode can be
switched by pressing INC and DEC simultaneously when the
current field is blinking.

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The screen displays the current state of charging. Press Batt
type/Stop to stop the process.
The audible beep indicates you the end of charging process.
7.2 Discharging NiCd/NiMH battery
Set discharge current on the left side and nominal voltage on
the right. The discharge current ranges from 0.1 to 1.0A, and
the nominal voltage ranges from 0.1 to 25.0V. Press Start
/Enter for 3 seconds to start the discharging process.
The screen displays the current state of discharge current.
You can press Start/Enter to change and store the discharge
current in the process.
Press Batt type/Stop to stop the process. The audible beep
indicates you the end of charging process.
7.3 NiMH /NiCd battery charge and discharge mode cycle.
Set the sequence on the left and the number of cycle on the
right. You can use this function to balance and refresh battery.
To avoid temperature rising of the battery, there will a brief
cooling process after each charge and discharge cycle.
Cooling time range: 0—60 minutes.
You press Start/Enter to change the charge or discharge
current in the process. The audible beep indicates you the
end of process.
At the end of the process, it will show you the capacities of
each cyclic process.
Press INC or DEC, the screen will show the result of each
cycle in order.
8. Pb( lead-sulphuric acid) battery program
This is designed for charging Pb( lead-sulphuric acid) battery with nominal voltage from 2 to
20V. Pb batteries are totally different from NiCd or NiMH batteries. Since the capacity of Pb
battery is lower than NiCd or NiMH batteries', they can only deliver lower current compared
with NiCd or NiMH batteries and have current limits when charging. Pb battery's current is
1/10 of its capacity. And fast charging is not allowed, you have to operate it according to the
instruction of the manufacturer.
The screen turns bright when press Start/Enter, then you can press DEC/INC to change
the parameter value, press Start/Enter to store

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8.1 Charging Pb battery
Set charge current on the left side and nominal voltage on the
right. The charge current ranges from 0.1 to 6.0A. The
voltage should be matched with the charging batteries.
Press Start /Enter for 3 seconds to start the charging
process.
The screen displays the state of charging process. Press Batt
type/Stop to stop the process. The audible beep indicates
you the end of charging process.
8.2 Discharging Pb battery
Set discharge current on the left side and nominal voltage on
the right. The discharge current ranges from 0.1 to 1.0A.
Press Start/Enter for 3 seconds to start the discharging
process.
The screen displays the state of discharging process. The
screen turns bright when press Start/Enter, then you can
press DEC/INC to change the discharge value, after this
press Start/Enter to store.
Press Start/Enter to stop discharging.
The audible beep indicates you the end of charging process.
9. Save Data Program
It has a data storage and load program for your convenience. This feature can store up to 5
different batteries data .They can be called back to the process of charging or discharging
without setting up the program again.
The screen turns bright when press Start/Enter, then you can press to change
the value.
DEC/INC
The set parameter value in this screen just represents the
specifications of the battery, it does not affect the charge or
discharge process. The following screens will be
automatically displayed and precisely matched with the
battery type you set up. This screen shows the battery pack
of NiMH, 12cells and 3000mAh of capacity.
Set the charging current or current limits in the auto-charging
mode. Press 'INC' and 'DEC' at the same time to change
modes between 'Aut' and 'Man'
Program selection

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Set up discharge current and final voltage.
Set up the sequence of charge and discharge, and the cyclic
times.
Save the data.
10. Load Data Program
This program can call back the data that was stored at 'Save
Data' program.
The number area will blink when press Start/Enter, then you
can press DEC/INC to choose the value, Choose the data
number you want to call back, then it will be displayed.
Press Start/Enter for 3 seconds to start loading.
11. Various information in the process
You can find various information on LCD screen in the charging or discharging process.
When you press DEC button the charger will show user settings. Press INC, you can check
individual cell voltage when balance port is connected to the charger in balance mode.
The final voltage when the program ended.
Displayed the capacity cut-off function is turn on and the
setting value of capacity.

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Displayed the safety timer is turn on and duration of time in
minutes.
The internal temperature of charger is displayed. (Required
an extra temperature probe)
Current input voltage.
It can show at most 6 cells in sequence when the battery is
connected with the right port of the charger.
Battery internal resistance value of the tested battery.
12.Warning and error messages
It combines with various protective functions and monitor systems to verify its electronic
functions and state. The screen will display the error instructions with an audible sound if
anytime anything works wrong.
Battery output Polarity connection.
Interruption of battery and output, or the charger wire was not
been connected well when operate the charge or discharge
output.
Short-circuit of the output terminal. Please check the charger
wire.
The voltage of the input terminal is lower than the setting
limits(or higher than 18v）
Incorrect selection of the battery voltage, please check the
cell counts carefully.
Charging circuit malfunctions.
The detected voltage is lower than the set voltage in the
process, please check the cell counts of the pack carefully.
1:014 005 004 mΩ
4:007 004 006 mΩ

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The detected voltage is higher than the set voltage in the
process, please check the cell counts of the pack carefully.
One cell's voltage in the pack is too low, please press DEC to
check.
One cell's voltage in the pack is too high, please press DEC
to check.
Detecting that battery voltage in balance mode is extremely
unbalanced.
Battery temperature is too high. It needs to be cooled off.
The processor can not control the feeding current continually,
please repair it.
13. Specifications
Operating voltage range: 10.0~18.0Volt
Circuit power: max.50W for charging
max.5W for discharging
Charge current range: 0.1~6.0A
Discharge current range: 0.1~1.0A
Current drain for balancing Li-po: 300mAh/cell
NiCd/ NiMH battery cell count: 1~15cells
Lithium battery cell count: 1~6 cells
Pb battery voltage: 2 to 20V
Weight: 300g
Dimension: 137×98×30mm
14. Warranty and service
We warrant this product for a period of one year (12 months) from the date of purchase.
The guarantee applies only to material or operational malfunctions .During that period, we
will replace or repair the unit without any service fee. Invoice or receipt is required. This
warranty does not cover the damage due to wear, overloading, improper handling or using
of incorrect accessories.