Governors America ESD2100 Series User manual

1Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
ESD2100 Series
Speed Control Unit
2SPECIFICATIONS
Performance
Isochronous Operation ± 0.25 % or better
Speed Range / Governor 1 - 7.5 KHz Continuous
Speed Drift with Temperature ±1% MAX
Speed Trim Range ± 450 Hz
Remote Variable Speed Range 500 Hz - 6 KHz
Terminal 9 Sensitivity 120 Hz. ±15 Hz./V
@ 250 K Impedance
InPUT / oUTPUT
DC Supply 10 - 40 V DC
Transient and Reverse
Voltage Protected*
Polarity Negative Ground
(Case Isolated)
Power Consumption 60 mA continuous
plus actuator current
Actuator Current
@ 77°F (25°C) 10 A MAX Peak
Speed Sensor Signal 0.5 - 50.0 V RMS
envIronmenTal
Ambient Temperature -40° to 85 °C [-40 to 185 °F]
Relative Humidity up to 90 %
All Surface Finishes Fungus-Proof
and Corrosion-Resistant
PHYSIcal
Dimension See Section 3, Installation
Weight 1.2 lbf (545 gf)
Mounting Any position, Vertical Preferred
relIaBIlITY
Vibration 5 g @ 20-500 Hz
Testing Functionally Tested
* Reverse voltage is protected against by a parallel diode. A 15 A
fuse must be installed in the positive battery lead. See Section 4,
Wiring.
1OVERVIEW
The ESD2100 Series speed control unit is an all- electronic de-
vice designed to control engine speed with fast and precise re-
sponse to transient load changes. This closed loop control, when
connected to a proportional electric actuator and supplied with
a magnetic speed sensor signal, will control a wide variety of
engines in an isochronous or droop mode. It is designed for high
reliability and built ruggedly to withstand the engine environment.
zMulti-VDC
zIsochronous Operation
zAdjustable PID Functions
zCase Option Available
zLight Force Option Available

2Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
3INSTALLATION
Dimensions:
in
(mm)
Mount in a cabinet,
engine enclosure,
or sealed metal
box.
Vertical orienta-
tion allows for the
draining of uids
in moist environ-
ments.
Avoid Extreme Heat
Use an overspeed shutdown device, independent of the governor system, to prevent loss of engine control which
may cause personal injury or equipment damage.
Do not rely exclusively on the governor system electric actuator to prevent overspeed. A secondary shuto󰀨 device,
such as a fuel solenoid must be used.

3Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
4WIRING
TermInal DefInITIon noTeS
1Actuator 16 AWG [1.3 mm2] or larger wire
2
3
Magnetic Speed
Pickup
• Wires must be twisted and/or shielded for their entire length
• Gap between speed sensor and gear teeth should not be smaller than 0.02 in (.51 mm)
• Speed sensor voltage should be at least 1 V AC RMS during crank
4
5 Battery Power (-) 16 AWG [1.3 mm2] or larger wire
A 15 amp fuse must be installed in the positive battery lead to protect against reverse voltage
6 Battery Power (+)
7
8
Speed Trim
Control
Variable speed isochronous operation can be obtained by connecting a 5K potentiometer to Terminals 8, 9, and
10. To select the variable speed range, connect the appropriate resistor, R, to posts E4 and E5. See the Resistor
Jumpers diagram below.
9
10
freQUencY ranGe (Hz) reSISTor
850 NONE
1280 2 M
1880 750 K
3400 300 K
5700 150 K
Shielded cable should be used for all external connections to the ESD control.
One end of each shield, including the speed sensor shield, should be grounded to a single point on the ESD case.
recommenDaTIonS
reSISTor JUmPerS

4Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
5
6
STARTING ThE ENGINE
ADJUSTING FOR STABILITY
The speed control unit governed speed setting is factory set at approximately engine idle speed (1000 Hz., Speed sensor signal or
600 RPM)
Crank the engine with DC power applied to the governor system. The actuator will energize to the maximum fuel position until the
engine starts. The governor system should control the engine at a low idle speed. If the engine is unstable after starting, turn the
GAIN and STABILITY adjustments counterclockwise until the engine is stable.
STaBIlITY aDJUSTmenT
1. Rotate the GAIN adjustment clockwise until instability develops. Gradually move the adjustment counterclockwise until stability
returns. Move the adjustment one division further counterclockwise to ensure stable performance (270° pot).
2. Rotate the STABILITY adjustment clockwise until instability develops. Gradually move the adjustment counterclockwise until
stability returns. Move the adjustment one division further to ensure stable performance (270° pot).
3. Gain and stability adjustments may require minor changes after engine load is applied. Normally, adjustments made at no load
achieve satisfactory performance.
Gain Middle Position
Stability Middle Position
Speed Trim Control Middle Position
ImPorTanT Make sure the following adjustments are set before starting the engine.
The governed speed set point is increased by clockwise rotation of the SPEED adjustment pot. Remote speed adjustment
can be obtained with an optional 5K Speed Trim Control. See Section 4, Wiring.
noTe
Once the engine is at operating speed and at no-load, the following governor performance adjustments can be made:
If instability cannot be corrected or further performance improvements are required, see Section 7, System Troubleshooting.
noTe

5Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
7SYSTEM TROUBLEShOOTING
If the engine governing system does not function, the fault may be determined by performing the voltage tests described in Steps 1
through 4. Positive (+) and negative (-) refer to meter polarity.
Should normal values be indicated during troubleshooting steps, and then the fault may be with the actuator or the wiring to the actu-
ator. Tests are performed with battery power on and the engine o󰀨, except where noted. See your actuator publication for additional
testing and troubleshooting procedures.
STeP WIreS normal reaDInG ProBaBle caUSe
1 6(+) & 5(-) Battery Supply Voltage
(12, 24, or 32 V DC)
1.
2.
3.
DC battery power not connected. Check for blown fuse, switch o󰀨 power.
Low battery voltage
Wiring error
2 8(+) & 10(-) 6.5-7.1 V with speed trim
7.1-7.9 V without speed trim
1.
2.
Speed trim shorted or miswired.
Defective unit.
3 7(+) & 10(-) 1.8-2.6V 1.
2.
Low battery voltage
Defective Unit
4 3(+) & 4(-) 1.0 V AC RMS min. while
cranking
1.
2.
3.
Gap between speed sensor and gear teeth too great. Check Gap.
Improper or defective wiring to the speed sensor. Resistance between D and C should
be 160 to 1200 Ω. See specic mag pickup data for resistance.
Defective speed sensor.
57(+) & 10(-)
while cranking 8.4-9.4 V
1.
2.
3.
4.
SPEED adjustment set too low.
Wiring error to actuator.
Defective speed control unit.
Defective actuator.
6 6(+) & 2(-) 0.2-1.0 V while cranking
1.
2.
3.
Wiring error to actuator
Defective speed control unit
Defective actuator
SYSTem InoPeraTIve
SYmPTom normal reaDInG ProBaBle caUSe of aBnormal reaDInG
Engine
Overspeeds
1. Do Not Crank. Apply DC power to the
governor system.
1.
2.
After the actuator goes to full fuel, disconnect the speed sensor at
Orange and Green wires. If the actuator is still at full fuel-speed then the
speed control unit is defective.
If the actuator is at minimum fuel position and there exists an
erroneous position signal, then check speed sensor cable.
2. Manually hold the engine at the desired
running speed. Measure the DC voltage
between Terminal 2(-) & 6(+) on the speed
control unit.
1.
2.
3.
If the voltage reading is 0.2 to 1.0 V DC:
a. Speed adjustment is set above desired speed
b. Defective speed control unit
If voltage reading is above 1.5 V DC then check for:
a. actuator binding
b. linkage binding
If the voltage reading is below 0.2 V DC there is a chance of a defective
speed control unit
Actuator does
not energize fully
while cranking
1. Measure the DC voltage between Termi-
nals 2(-) & 6(+) on the speed control unit.
Should be 0.2 to 1.0 volts. If not:
1.
2.
3.
Actuator wiring incorrect
If the voltage is less than:
a. 7 V for a 12 V system, or
b. 14 V for a 24 V system, Then:
Check or replace battery.
2. Momentarily connect Terminal 2 to 6.
The actuator should move to the full fuel
position.
1.
2.
3.
Actuator or battery wiring in error
Actuator or linkage binding
Defective actuator
Engine remains
below desired
governed speed
1. Measure the actuator output, Terminal 1 &
2, while running under governor control.
1.
2.
If voltage measurement is within 1.5 V DC of the battery supply voltage
level, then fuel control is restricted from reaching full fuel position, pos-
sibly due to mechanical governor, carburetor spring, or linkage interfer-
ence.
Speed parameter set too low
UnSaTISfacTorY Performance

6Governors America Corp. © 2021 Copyright All Rights Reserved
ESD2100 Electronic Governor 1-2021-C1 PIB1020
If unsuccessful in solving instability, contact GAC for assistance.
[email protected] or call: 1-413-233-1888
InSTaBIlITY SYmPTom ProBaBle caUSe of aBnormal reaDInG
Fast Periodic
The engine seems to
jitter with a 3Hz or faster
irregularity of speed.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Readjust the Gain and Stability for optimum control.
Turn o󰀨 other electrical equipment that may be causing interference.
Cutting jumper from E1 to E2 should reduce the tendency to jitter.
If not, remove the jumper from E6 to E7
Slow Periodic An irregularity of speed
below 3Hz.
1.
2.
3.
Readjust the Gain and Stability for optimum control.
Adjust Dead time compensation by adding a capacitor from posts E2 to E3 (negative on E2). Start
with 10 mfds and increase until instability is eliminated.
Check fuel system linkage during engine operation for:
a. binding
b. high friction
c. poor linkage
Non-Periodic Erratic Engine Behavior
1.
2.
Increasing the Gain should reduce the instability but not totally correct it. If this is the case, there is
most likely a problem with the engine itself. Check for:
a. engine mis-rings
b. an erratic fuel system
c. load changes on the generator set voltage regulator.
If the throttle is slightly erratic, but the performance is fast, removing the jumper from E6 to E7 will
tend to steady the system.
A strong magnetic speed sensor signal eliminates the possibility of missed or extra pulses. The speed control unit will govern well with
a 0.5VAC RMS speed sensor signal. However, a speed sensor signal of 3 V AC RMS or greater is recommended.
The amplitude of the speed sensor signal can be raised by reducing the gap between the tip of the speed sensor and the top land of a
tooth on the engine’s ring-gear. This gap should not be any smaller than 0.020 in. (0.45 mm).
With the engine stopped, turn the magnetic speed sensor CW until it touches the top land of a ring-gear tooth, then turn it CCW 3/4 turn.
This will provide an acceptable gap.
7SYSTEM TROUBLEShOOTING (CONTINUED)
InSTaBIlITY
InSUffIcIenT maGneTIc SPeeD SIGnal