HP 3455A Service manual

chp 34554
OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
DIGITAL
VOLTMETER
3455A
|G HEWLETT
PACKARD
wosve dq:

Revised Date: March 1982
{i HEWLETT
PACKARD
OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
MODEL 3455A
DIGITAL VOLTMETER
Serial Numbers: 1622A00101 and Greater
IMPORTANT NOTICE
This loose leaf manual does not normally require a change sheet.
All major change information has been integrated into the manual
by page revision. In cases where only minor changes are required,
a change sheet may be supplied.
If the Serial Number of your instrument is lower than the one on
this title page, the manual contains revisions that do not apply to
your instrument. Backdating information given in the manual
adapts it to earlier instruments.
Where practical, backdating information is integrated into the
text, parts list and schematic diagrams. Backdating changes are
denoted by a delta sign. An open delta (A) or lettered delta (Aq) on
a given page, refers to the corresponding backdating note on that
page. Backdating changes not integrated into the manual are
denoted by a numbered delta (A 1) which refers to the correspond- .
ing change in the Backdating section (Section VII).
To help minimize the possibility of electrical fire or
shock hazards, do not expose this instrument to rain
or excessive moisture.
Manual Part No. 03455-90003
Microfiche Part No. 03455-90053
Revision A
©Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company 1976
P.O. Box 301, Loveland, Colorado, 80537 U.S.A.
Printed: July 1979

(@))| Backann
CERTIFICATION
Hewlett-Packard
Company
certifies
that
this
product
met
its
published
specifications
at
the
time
of
shipment
from
the
factory,
Hewlett-Packard
further
certifies
that
its
calibration
measurements
are
traceable
to
the
United
States
Na-
tional
Bureau
of
Standards,
to
the
extent
allowed
by
the
Bureau’s
calibration
facility,
and
to
the
calibration
facilities
of
other
International
Standards
Organization
members.
WARRANTY
This Hewlett-Packard product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year
from date of shipment {,except that in the case of certain components listed in Section I of this manual, the warranty
shall be for the specified period) . During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at its option, either
repair or replace products which prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by -hp-. Buyer shall
prepay shipping charges to -hp- and -hp- shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer
shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to -hp- from another country.
Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and firmware designated by -hp- for use with an instrument will execute its
programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Hewlett-Packard does not warrant that the
operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer,
Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
.NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HEWLETT-PACKARD SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HEWLETT-
PACKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
ASSISTANCE
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available
for Hewlett-Packard products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office.
Addresses are provided at the back of this manual.
10/1/79

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Model 3455A
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
I. GENERAL INFORMATION.............- 1-1
I-1, Introduction .............. ccc eee eee 1-1
1-5. Specifications ................-.00005 1-1
1-7, Instrument and Manual {dentification. .. 1-1
1-11. Description 1
1-13. Options ........... 000s ]
1-15. Accessories Supplied 1
1-17. Accessories Available... 1
1-19. Recommended Test Equipment....... 1-2
1-21. Safety Considerations............... 1-2
Section Page
Il. INSTALLATION .......2............005. 2-1
2-1, Introduction ....... 0. cece cece eee 2-1
2-3. Initial Inspection...................-. 2-1
2-5. Preparation for Use................0. 2-1
2-6. Power Requirements................ 2-1
2-8. Line Voltage Selection............... 2-1
2-10. Power Cable........2.......2...000. 2-1
2-12. Grounding Requirements............ 2-1
274. - Berich® Us@ ise uccap. dia ster stk gatos tals sie ee 2-1
2-16. Rack Mounting....................0. 2-2
2-18. Interface Connections............... 2-2
2-22, Environmental Requirements.......... 2-2
2-23. Operating and Storage Temperature. ..2-3
2-26. Humidity................... 202 eee 2-3
2-283) -AlUtUde®... os. gas Gln e Cee id ch whe by 2-3
2-30. Repackaging for Shipment............ 2-3
Section Page
IH) OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS. ........... 3-1
3-1. Introduction ..............2...-.00.- 3-1
3-3. Operating Characteristics............. 3-1
3-4. Turn-On and Warm-Up.............. 3-1
3-6. Self-Test Operation................. 3-1
3-10. DC Voltage Measurement............ 3-1
3-12. Resistance Measurement............. 3-2
3-14. AC Voltage Measurement............ 3-2
3-19. Math Feature....................... 3-3
3-23. Enter and Store..............2.-0005 3-4
3-27. High Resolution Mode............... 3-4
3-29)» AUtO-Cal i invitee Seiantoie acters 3-5
3533. Triseeres:is ale eeu sewaharntedeteecs de 3-5
3-36. Sample Rate....................04. 3-5
3-38. Auto Range............... 0c cece 3-6
3-41. Guarding ................222..00000- 3-6
3-42. Common-Mode Voltages............. 3-6
3-44. Guard Connection.................. 3-6
3-46. Guarding Information.............-. 3-6
_ 3-48. Remote Operation................04. 3-7
349s General Suis sso da sk teed, chin Ravine dee 8G 3-7
3-53. Address Selection.................6- 3-7
3-56. Program Codes...................-- 3-8
3-61. Data Messages...................00. 3-9
3-69. Device Control Messages............ 3-12
3-78. Interrupt and Device Status
Messages 0.5. c0-05. 00s See tease 3-12
Section
Table of Contents
Page
Ill. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS (Cont'd)
3-82, Data Output Characteristic
3-84. Bail Out Message..................
3-86. Instrument Measurement Times
(Remote Control)..............05- 3-13
3-88. Remote Programming Examples..... 3-14
3-90. Operators Checks..........cee eee ee 3-14
3292: Bench Use ii :cc:i deeuheitiea get Phe a 3-14
3-94. HP-IB Operation.................. 3-14
Section Page
IV. PERFORMANCE TESTS...............-- 4-1
4-1. Introduction ...................-0005 4-1
4-3, Equipment Required................. 4-1
4-5. Performance Test Card............... 4-1
4-7. Calibration Cycle
4-9. Input Terminals/Control Settings...... 4-1
4-11. Performance Test Failure............. 4-1
4-13. Specification Breakdown.............. 4-1
4-17. DC Accuracy Test Considerations...... 4-2
4-26. Operational Verification Tests......... 4-3
4-27. DC Operational Accuracy Test......... 4-3
4-30, Test Procedure......... cc cece eee 4-3
4-31. AC Operational Accuracy Test. . 4-5
4-34. Test Procedure............... ee teA$
4-35. Ohmmeter Accuracy Test............ 4-8
4-37. Test Procedure...................0. 4-8
4-38. DC Voltmeter Input Resistance Test... .4-9
4-39. Performance Test............ccc eens 4-9
4-40. DC Voltmeter Accuracy Test.......... 49
4-43. Test Procedure................208 4-10
4-44. AC Voltmeter Accuracy Test........ 4-12
4-47. Test Procedure.................... 4-12
4-48. Ohmmeter Accuracy Test........... 4-16
4-50. Test Procedure..............-..008 4-16
4-51. Common-Mode and Normal-Mode
Rejection: Test:..0<.s220 5 edsshaas 4-17
4-54. Test Procedure.............. 00. eee 4-17
4-55. DC Voltmeter Input Resistance
EOS bes sdteieie y's cancsee eid tis Reota'g Musee eS 4-18
4-56. AC Voltmeter Input Impedance
TR OStvis ions roca keine else Mtn Reo a © 4-19
Section
V. ADJUSTMENTS........ 2c cece cece eee
5-1. Introductions, 0.600 ence der ces at dee
5-3. Equipment Required 1
5-5. Adjustment Interval......... 1
5-7. Adjustment Sequence 5-1
5-9. Test Point and Adjustment Locations. . .5-1
5-11. DC Zero Adjustments................ 5-1
5-12. DC and Ohms Reference Adjustments. . . 5-2
$-14. Adjustment Procedure............... 5-2
5-15. RMS Convertor Adjustments
(Standard Model 3455A Only)....... 5-3
5-16. Average Convertor Adjustments
(3455A Option 001 Only)............ 5-4
5-18. Adjustment Procedure............... 5-4

Table of Contents
Model 3455A
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd)
Section Page
VI. REPLACEABLE PARTS................- 6-1
6-1. Introduction ....................000- 6-1
6-4, Ordering Information................ 6-1
6-6. Non-Listed Parts.............eeen eee 6-1
6-8. Parts Changes............ceceeeeeaee 6-1
6-10. Proprietary Parts..................-- 6-1
6-12. Exchange Assemblies................. 6-2
6-15. Service Kit. ....-..c cece cece een eees 6-2
Section
Page
VII.
MANUAL
CHANGES............0500005-
7-1
F-1.
Introduction.
.............
cece
n
eae
7-1
Section
Page
VIII
SERVICE
64
csc.
ccc
ec
ce
k
ease
bia
sees
8-1
8-1 Introduction...........--... .. 8-!
8-3.
Safety
Considerations...............+--
8-8. Recommended Test Equipment....... 8-1
8-10.
Introduction..............++----0-+
8-2
8-12. Input Switching and DC Attenuator. . .8-2
8-13. General. 0... ccc cece eens 8-2
8-15. Detailed Description..............- 8-2
8-17. Operational Attenuator...........-- 8-2
8-19. Auto Calibration-DC Voltage......-.. 8-2
8-20, General ............. 0. eee eee eee 8-2
8-22. Circuit Description...............-- 8-4
8-34. Auto-Calibration-Ohms ........-...- 8-9
8-35.
General...
0.2.
eee
ee
ee
eee
eee
8-9
8-37.
Circuit
Description.............----
8-9
8-42. Auto Calibration-A/D Convertor. ...8-10
8-44.
Circuit
Description................
8-11
8-47. True RMS AC Convertor.........-- 8-11
8-48.
General.........
0...
cee
eee
eee
eee
8-11
8-50. Circuit Description.........-...+- 8-11
8-56. Average Responding AC Convertor
(Option 001)...........+-.2000-- 8-12
8=87.. General ji e.cs cies Beebe cies deen se 8-12
8-59.
Circuit
Description.............-++
8-12
8-65. Ohms Convertor
8-66. General ........ 0c cece eee eee
8-68.
General
Description...............
8-13
8-73. DC Preamplifier..............-00--
8-74. General 0.0... eee eee ee eee
8-76. Circuit Description
8-82. Reference Assembly
8-83. General ...........--0000
8-85. Circuit Description
8-87.
Analog-to-Digital
Convertor
(A/D).
.8-16
8-88.
General
........-.
02
eee
rere
eee
8-16
8-92. Circuit Description.
8-103. Inguard Controller. .
8-104.
General
.........
0.00.
ee
eee
eee
ee
8-107. Circuit Description............-...
8-115. Main Controller..............---5-
8-116.
General
0.0.0...
0.
2c
ee
eee
eee
8-118. Circuit Description....
8-141. HP-IB Circuit.........
8-142. General ........ 0.0. cece eee ctnee
8-144. Circuit Description................
8-168. Front Panel Operation..............
8-169. Circuit Description................
TROUBLESHOOTING
8-174. Introduction ............. cee neers 8-35
8-176. General Block Diagram Theory
of Operation. .......... 06... e ee 8
8-179. Outguard Section...
8-185, Inguard Section....
8-194. Preliminary Troubleshooting Check. .8-36
8-195. Instrument Half-Splitting
Techniques ..... 0.0... scene eee 8-36
8-198. Service Group Summary........... 8-37
SERVICE GROUP A
8-A-1 Turn-On Circuitry (Inguard and
Outguard)......... 0-2. cece eee ee eee 8-40
8-A-3. Inguard/Outguard Isolation........... 8-40
8-A-5. Outguard Troubleshooting
(Schematic 8)....... 0... cece eee eee 8-40
8-A-6. Inguard Troubleshooting
(Schematic 5, 6, 7).........-0see eens 8-40
8-A-8. Al0 Motherboard Troubleshooting
(Schematic 5, 6, 7).........---200045- 8-40
8-A-10. A/D Board Troubleshooting
(Schematic 5, 6). 0.0.2.2... 0c eee eee 8-41
8-A-12. Inguard/Outguard Transfer Circuit
Troubleshooting (Schematic 7,8). ...... 8-41
SERVICE GROUP B
8-B-1. Auto-Cal and DC Troubleshooting
(Inguard) oi: iscasies cteigeais ele sera 8-43
8-B-3. Auto-Cal Constants............--.5-- 8-43
8-B-9. Auto-Cal Switch Closures
(Schematic 1, 5, 6, 7)........0cee eee
8-B-11. Cal Constants Service Procedure
8-B-14. Switch Closure Table...............55
8-B-16. Auto-Cal Troubleshooting
(Schematic 1, 7)....--.. 6 eee eeeereeee 8-52
8-B-18. DC Inoperative (Schematic 1).......... 8-54
8-B-20. Leakage and Other Various
Malfunctions ..........6+eeeeeeee eee 8-54
8-B-23. 10 V Range or Constant 10 and 11 Fail. . .8-55
8-B-24. 1 V Range or Constant 0, 1, and 2 Fails. .8-55
8-B-25. 100mV Range or Constant 3 Fails....... 8-55
8-B-26. 100 V Range or Constants 5, 4, and 7
Fai occ essujaaia diesartare isd ern aun as 8-55
8-B-27. 1000 V Range or Constant 6 Fails....... 8-56
8-B-28. Various Other Malfunctions
8-B-30. Other Troubleshooting Hints. .
8-B-31. General Noise. .......-.00ee eee teen ee
8-B-33.
DC
Noise
(Schematic
1,
5,
and
6).......
8-57

Model 34554
8-C-1.
8-C-2.
8-C-4.
8-C-6.
8-C-8.
8-C-10.
8-C-12.
8-C-16.
8-C-17,
ss s Oo
tee a oe Go ld eee AWswnrnewn—
b
+
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd)
SERVICE GROUP C
AC Convertor Troubleshooting.......... 8-59
True RMS Convertor Servicing
(Schematic 3)....... 0... cece eee eee 8-59
Preamplifier and Input Alternator
Circuitry... cicaceavde eee eee ne on 8-60
Absolute Amplifier Circuitry........... 8-61
Squaring Amplifier, Intergrator, and
Antilog Circuitry....................
AC/DC Operation...........
AC Noise (Schematic 3)
Miscellaneous Troubleshooting
(Schematic 3).............. 00.0000 8-63
Average Responding AC Convertor
(Schematic 2).................0.0..00. 8-64
SERVICE GROUP D
Ohm Troubleshooting (Schematic 1, 4)...8-65
Ohms Circuit Isolation................ 8-65
Ohms Servicing...............2.00065 8-65
Ohms Convertor Troubleshooting
(Schematic 1, 4)........ 0... cece eee 8-65
Miscellaneous Ohms Troubleshooting
Hints: Mode ee oe Eis eee 8-66
Ohms Offsets. 5 sacs cave es ie esion ds 8-66
Ohms Noise (Schematic 1, 4)........... 8-67
SERVICE GROUP E
A/D Convertor and Inguard Logic
Troubleshooting .............60eeeee 8-68
A/D Convertor Servicing
(Schematic 6, 7)............220000005
No A/D Waveform..........-....0055
A/D Noise (Schematic 6)
Inguard Logic Troubleshooting
{Schematic 7).............200200000e 8-70
SERVICE GROUP E (Cont'd)
8-E-12. Inguard Logic Troubleshooting with
no A/D Waveform,...............
8-E-13. Inguard Logic Troubleshooting with
an A/D Waveform...............5
SERVICE GROUP F
8-F-1. Outguard Logic Troubleshooting
(Schematic 8,9, 10)............00..
8-F-3. Main Controller Troubleshooting *
(Schematic 8)....... 0.0... cece aes
8-F-4, Front Panel Troubleshooting.........
8-F-5. Front Panel Operation Check........
8-F-6. | Front Panel Servicing (Schematic 10)....
8-F-7. Front Panel LED’s Switch, and Key
Cap Replacement Procedure........
8-F-8. HP-IB Troubleshooting (Schematic 9)...
SERVICE GROUP G
8-G-1. Miscellaneous Troubleshooting........
8-G-2. Power Supplies (Schematic 11).......
8-G-3. Reference Assembly (Schematic 5).....
8-G-4. | Turn-Over Errors (Schematic 1, 5,
and) Biotec caves awemewecrvacee ys
8-G-6. Other Troubleshooting (Schematic 8
MOE Ug iiaka endl wee liteted waned
SERVICE GROUP H
8-H-1. Troubleshooting Diagrams.............
8-H-3. General Troubleshooting Diagram... ..
8-H-5. Inguard Troubleshooting Diagram.....
8-H-7. Outguard Troubleshooting.............
APPENDIX
A-1.— Introduction........ 0. cc cece eee eee
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Specifications... 2... cece cece eee eee 1-2
Typical Operating Characteristics.........1-7
Recommended Test Equipment........... 1-8
Maximum Front Panel Reading Rates.....3
HP-IB Interface Capability.............. 3
Bus Messages............-..00000e rid
HP-IB Program Codes............. 3
Binary Program Codes
Typical HP-1B Controlled Meassurement
AMES woos. Se ose Bacal te ate tiene scar Sonya bee 3-14
DC Accuracy Test (1 V, 10 V Full Scale;
High Resolution On),................. 43
Table
Page
4-2. DC Accuracy Test (High Resolution Off). . .4-5
4-3. DC Accuracy Test (High Resolution On). . .4-5
4-4, AC Accuracy Test-30 Hz to 100 kHz
(Standard Model 3455A only)........
4-5, AC Accuracy Tests 100 kHz to 1 MHz
(Standard Model 3455A only)........
4-6. AC Accuracy Test 30 Hz to 100 kHz
(3455A Option 001 only).............
4-7. Two-Wire Ohm Accuracy Test.........
4-8. Four-Wire Ohms Accuracy Test........
4-9. DC Accuracy Test (1 V, 10 V Full-Scale;
High Resolution Off)...............

Table of Contents
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vi
Model 3455A
LIST OF TABLES (Cont'd)
Page
DC Accuracy Test (1 V, 10 V Full Scale;
High Resolution On)...........-..--. 4-10
DC Accuracy Test (High Resolution Off}. .4-11
DC Accuracy Test (High Resolution On). .4-11
AC Accuracy Test 30 Hz to 100 kHz
(Standard Model 3455A only)......... 4-14
AC Accuracy Test 100 kHz to 1 MHz
(Standard Model 3455A only)......... 4-15
AC Accuracy Test 30 Hz to 100 kHz
(Model 3455A Option 001 only) 4-15
Two-Wire Ohm Accuracy Test.......... 4-16
Four-Wire Ohms Accuracy Test......... 4-17
DC Zero Adjustment Padding List
(AIORIIO) .........00 000 c cece cece eee 5-2
Jumper Removal (A15 Board)............ 5-4
Jumper Removal (A13 Board)............ 5-4
61.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
Line Voltage Selection.................. 2-1
Power Cord Configuration. ............. 2-1
Typical HP-IB System Interconnections. . 22-2
Front and Rear Panel Features........... 3-0
Ohmmeter Measurement Connections... .. 3-2
Connecting the Guard................... 3-7
Address Selection..........--...0e0e eee 3-8
Operational Verification Flowchart. .3-15/3-16
Ambiguous Regions..................2- 4-3
DC Accuracy Test......... 0.0.0... 00 22 4-4
AC/DC Thermal Transfer Measurement
(Alternate Frequency Response Test)... .4-6
DC Accuracy Test..... 0.00 0ce cece eens 411
AC/DC Thermal Transfer Measurement
(Alternate Frequency Response Test). . .4-13
DC Common-Mode Rejection Test....... 4-18
AC Common-Mode Rejection Test....... 4-18
‘100 Volt Zero Adjustment............... 5-1
1 Volt Zero Adjustment................. 5-2
Function Block Diagram.............00 8-1
Simplified Input Switching Diagram....... 8-2
Operational Attenuator Diagram......... 8-3
Basic Voltmeter Diagram............000 8-3
Simplified Auto-Cal Switching Schematic. . 8-3
10 V de Input Offset Error measurement. . . 8-4
1 V de Input Offset Error Measurement... .8-4
I V de Input Offset Error Measurement. . .8-5
100 V de and 100 V de Input Offset
Error Measurement...... - as Rid te RNC 8-6
10 V de Gain Error Measurement......... 8-6
.1 V de and 1 V de Gain Error
Measurement ................00 eee eee 8-7
1 V de Reference Offset Error
Measurement ..0.... 0.00 c cece eee ees 8-7
100 V de and 1000 V de Gain Error
Measurement .............eeeeevee eee 8-8
8-14.
8-15.
8-16.
8-17.
8-18.
8-19.
8-20.
8-21.
8-22.
8-23.
8-24.
8-25.
8-26.
8-27.
8-28.
8-29.
8-30.
8-31.
8-32.
8-33.
8-34.
8-35.
8-36.
8-37.
8-38.
8-39.
8-40.
8-41.
8-42.
Standard Abbreviations................. 6-1
Code List of Manufacturers.............. 6-2
Replaceable Parts..............----.0-. 6-3
AC Convertor Ranging...............5. 8-11
A/D Convertor Switch Control Signal
Descriptions er scd:6.6.0.0 atid seid en ody eee 8-21
Service Group Listing.................. 8-38
Auto-Cal Constants...........ee serene 8-43
Auto-Cal Switch Closures.............. 8-50
Gate Function in Auto-Cal.............. 8-51
Switch Driver Voltage Levels............ 8-51
Cal Constant Monitoring Points.
3455A DVM Switch Closures............ 8-53
Possible Auto-Cal Failure Causes........ 8-54
. Ohms Gain and Switch Configuration. . . .8-66
Mneumonic Definitions................ 8-71
Power Supplies Locations.............. 8-76
100 V de Reference Offset Error
Measurement ..-..... 0. eee eee rere 8-8
Basic Ohms Measurement Diagram....... 8-9
10 kQ, 100 kQ, 10 MQ Offset Error
Measurement ...........0 0.00 ee eee eas 8-9
Ohms Reference Measurement 8-10...... 8-10
Simplified A/D Convertor Diagram...... 8-10
Simplified True RMS Convertor......... 8-11
Simplified Average Responding: AC
CONVETtOR. «55.252 be base eae det bies
Ohms Convertor Current Source. .
Ohms Convertor Voltage Limit..........
Equivalent DC Preamplifier Output
Cirtiits oc. San feeecan ete er ns 8-15
DC Preamp, Simplifier Feedback
CIRCUIELY 6550055 jl ad fe secge sete 8-15
Simplified Voltage Reference Diagram. .. 8-16
Integrator Output Waveform............ 8-16
Integrator Output Waveforms for
Different Input Voltage Levels........ 8-17
Simplified A/D Input and Reference
Diagraits iii) cceiicauiate saa aaa 8-17
Simplified A/D Convertor Diagram...... 8-18
Simplified Inguard Controller
Flowchart icici. fi5% 9 daid hae pwc enes
Controller Data Transfer Circuit
Data Transfer Signals..........
Inguard Controller Reset Circuit
Simplified A/D Convertor Control Circuit8-21
Simplified Program ROM Circuit........ 8-22
Simplified Output Circuit..............- 8-23
Simplified Main Controller Flowchart... .8-24
Main Controller ROM Circuit........... 8-25
Main Controller RAM Circuit........... 8-26
Main Controller ALU Circuit........... 8-27
Main Controller Interrupt Circuit........ 8-28
Simplified Turn-On Interrupt Circuit... .. 8-29

e
Model 34554
Table of Contents
LIST OF LILLUSTRATIONS (Cont'd)
Figure
8-41. Main Controller Interrupt Circuit.......
8-42. Simplified Turn-On Interrupt Circuit....
8-43. Interface Connections and Bus Structure.
8-44. Simplified Block Diagram.............
8-45. Inguard-Outguard Connections.........
8-B-1. Auto-Cal Constant #11 (10 V Offset). ...
8-B-2. Auto-Cal Constant #10 (10.V Gain).....
8-B-3. Auto-Cal Constant #9 (10 K, 100 K,
and 10M Offsets).............00005
8-B-4. Auto-Cal Constant #8 (10 K, 100 K,
and 10M Offsets)...........-...06-
8-B-5. Auto-Cal Constant #7 (100 V Offset #2)..
8-B-6. Auto-Cal Constant #6 (1000 V Offset). . .
8-B-7.. Auto-Cal Constant #5 (100 V Gain).....
8-B-8. Auto-Cal Constant #4 (100 V Offset #1). .
8-B-9. Auto-Cal Constant #3 (.1 V Offset).....
8-B-10. Auto-Cal Constant #2 (1 V Offset 1)....
8-B-11. Auto-Cal Constant #1 (1 V Offset <2)...
8-B-12. Auto-Cal Constant #0 (1 V Gain).......
8-E-1. A/D Waveforms.................0455
8-H-1. Assembly and Test Point Loading.......
8-H-2. General Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram «2.5 5.i6.02 eeaee dhibeeuee teee poe
8-H-3. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
MEST. U3 wise 8 sesgine oie Boece sted creed ae
8-H-4. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST Vielen eis 2 hed oh leere es ee Se
8-H-5. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram Auto-Cal Circuitry
TESTU Se tts cad oiler a the eae
8-H-6. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
BEST Oss iaesethescnccalteaehe sts
8-H-7. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST: Os duesew eden wand ave g tietlna og
8-H-8. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry :
TEST (Bi eccs okie as ae taneeeteet<
8-H-9. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
8-H-10. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST Gis dv soit cage ce dint ane ee
8-H-11. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST 3 wis cee cea tcisane ema bie aes
8-H-12. Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST (4, ons Secpheony cxemennrereees
Page
.8-30
8-35,
8-37
8-44
8-44
-8-45
.8-46
8-46
8-47
8-49
Figure
8-H-13.
8-H-14.
8-H-15,
8-H-16.
8-H-17.
8-H-18.
8-H-19.
8-H-20.
8-H-2].
8-H-22.
8-H-23.
8-H-24.
8-H-25.
8-H-26.
8-H-27.
8-H-28.
8-H-29.
8-H-30.
8-H-31.
8-H-32.
8-H-33.
8-H-34.
8-H-35.
8-H-36.
8-H-37.
8-H-38.
8-H-39.
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST 3 ic.herceiiaeacdetd paces es 8-103
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitr
TEST 2% cate ths ses as Sadieie te eedaace 8-105
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST Al ivctesisies sinien. Ses cubes eae 8-107
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Auto-Cal Circuitry
TEST) Qin cise. forcast avenue Cg 8-109
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Inguard/Outguard Transfer
CITCUILY 5 tic iis loas are ae aveeet 8-111
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Power Supply and
Controller Circuitry... ........eee ee 8-113
Inguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, A-to-D Convertor
CICHITTY 24 se AS ary feared Cee 8-115
Preliminary Outguard Troubleshooting
Procedure Diagram.............005. 8-119
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Main Controller
CiiCUItry.233. 400 Aas ake ah eee Sa 8-121
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, RAM Circuitry..........-- 8-123
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, ALU Circuitry............ 8-125
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Device Select
CIICUITY secs cate ee vs aide seats ees 8-127
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Interrupt Circuitry......... 8-129
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, Display Circuitry.......... 8-131
Outguard Troubleshooting Procedure
Diagram, HP-IB Circuitry..........- 8-133
Detailed Block Diagram............... 8-135
Input and Auto-Cal Switching
Schematic scare. S vinusesicee's ae 8-137
Average Responding AC Convertor..... 8-139
True RMS AC Convertor
Schematic: so. [esoo 8s pote seletals Dare
Ohms Convertor Schematic :
Reference Assembly.............0.005
Analog-to-Digital Convertor
Schematic. ....0..0.215 006 .ee sane in 8-149
Inguard Controller Schematic... . 8-151
Main Controller Schematic...... 8-153
HP-IB Schematic............... 8-155
Front Panel Assembly........... .. 8-157
Power Supply Schematic........ Sica asda 8-159

[Gp HEWLETT
PACKARD
SAFETY SUMMARY
The following general safety pracautions must be obsarved during all phases of operation, service, and repair af this
instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates
safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Hawlett-Pachard Company assumes no
liability fer the customer's failure to comply with these requirements. This is a Safety Class 1 instrument.
GROUND TNE INSTRUMENT
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an elec-
trical ground. The instrument is equipped with a three-conductor ac power cable. The power
cable must either be plugged into an approved three-contact electrical outlet or used with a
three-contact to two-contact adapter with the grounding wire (green) firmly connected to an
electrical ground (safety ground) at the power outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the
power cable meet International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) safety standards.
DO NOT OPERATE IM AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPRERE
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any
electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.
KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS
Operating personne! must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement and internal
adjustments must be made by qualified maintenance personnel. Do not replace components
with power cable connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even with
the power cable removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect power and discharge circuits
before touching them.
DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first
aid and resuscitation, is present.
BO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY INSTRUMENT
Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts or per-
form any unauthorized modification to the instrument. Return the instrument to a Hewlett-
Packard Sales and Service Office for service and repair to ensure that safety features are main-
tained.
DANGEROUS PROCEDURE WARNINGS
Warnings, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout
this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed.
[wana]
Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, ere present in this instrument. Use ex-
treme caution when handling, testing, and adjusting.

IF
®~ >
Ue
SAFETY SYMBOLS
General Definitions of Safety Symbols Used On Equipment or In Manuals.
Instruction manual symbol: the product will be marked with this
symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instruction
manual in order to protect against damage to the instrument.
Indicates dangerous voltage (terminals fed from the interior by
voltage exceeding 1000 volts must be so marked).
Protective conductor terminal. For protection against electrical
shock in case of a fault. Used with field wiring terminals to in-
dicate the terminal which must be connected to ground before
operating equipment.
Low-noise or noiseless, clean ground (earth) terminal. Used for a
signal common, as well as providing protection against electrical
shock in case of a fault. A terminal marked with this symbol must
be connected to ground in the manner described in the installation
(operating) manual, and before operating the equipment.
Frame or chassis terminal. A connection to the frame (chassis) of
the equipment which normally includes all exposed metal struc-
tures.
Alternating current (power line).
Direct current (power line).
Alternating or direct current (power line).
The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a pro-
cedure, practice, condition or the like, which, if not correctly per-
formed or adhered to, could result in injury or death to personnel.
The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, condition or the like, which,if not
correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or
destruction of part or all of the product.
The NOTE sign denotes important information. It calls attention
to procedure, practice, condition or the like, which is essential to
highlight.

SECTION |
GENERAL INFORMATION
1-1. INTRODUCTION.
1-2, This Operating and Service Manual contains infor-
mation necessary to install, operate, test, adjust, and
service the Hewlett-Packard Model 3455A Digital
Voltmeter.
1-3. Included with this manual is an Operating infor-
mation supplement. The supplement is a duplication of
the first three sections of this manual and should be kept
with the instrument for use by the operator.
1-4. This section of the manual contains the perfor-
mance specifications and general operating
characteristics of the 3455A. Also listed are available
options and accessories, and instrument and manual
identification information.
1-5. SPECIFICATIONS.
1-6. Operating specifications for the 3455A are listed in
Table 1-1. These specifications are the performance
standards or limits against which the instrument is
tested. Table 1-2 lists general operating characteristics
of the instrument. These characteristics are not
specifications but are typical operating characteristics
included as additional information for the user.
1-7. INSTRUMENT AND MANUAL IDENTIFICATION.
1-8. Instrument identification by serial number is
located on the rear panel. Hewlett-Packard uses a twoe
section serial number consisting of a four-digit prefix
and a five-digit suffix separated by a letter designating
the country in which the instrument was manufactured.
(A = U.S.A.; G = West Germany; J = Japan; U =
United Kingdom.) The prefix is the same for all iden-
tical instruments and changes only when a major instru-
ment change is made. The suffix, however, is assigned
sequentially and is unique to each instrument.
1-9. This manual applies to instruments with serial
numbers indicated on the title page. If changes have
been made in the instrument since this manual was
printed, a yellow ‘‘Manual Changes’’ supplement sup-
plied with the manual will define these changes and ex-
plain how to adapt the manual to the newer in-
struments. In addition, backdating information con-
tained in Section VII adapts the manual to instruments
with serial numbers lower than those listed on the title
page.
1-10. Part numbers for the manual and the microfiche :
copy of the manual are also listed on the title page.
1-11. DESCRIPTION,
1-12. The Model 3455A Digital Voltmeter makes ac
voltage measurements with five digit resolution and de
voltage and resistance measurements with § or 6 digit
resolution as programmed by the user. The 3455A
employs an automatic calibration (AUTO CAL) feature
which automatically corrects for possible gain and off-
set errors in the analog circuitry to provide maximum
accuracy. A removable reference module permits exter-
nal calibration of the dc voltage and resistance func-
tions. The reference module can be removed, calibrated
and returned to the instrument, or the module can be
replaced with another recently calibrated reference. A
MATH feature permits voltage or resistance
measurements to be scaled into convenient units or to be
read directly in percent error from a selected reference.
The 3455A is HP-IB programmable for system applica-
tions.
NOTE
HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard’s implementation
of IEEE std 488-1975, “‘standard digital in-
terface for programmable instrumentation’.
1-13. OPTIONS.
1-14. The following options are available for use with
the Model 3455A:
Option 001: Average Responding AC Converter
Option 907: Front Handle Kit
Option 908: Rack Mounting Kit
Option 909: Front Handle and Rack Mounting Kit
Option 910: Additional Set of Operating Informa-
tion and Operating and Service Manuals
1-15. Accessories Supplied.
1-16. A service kit (-hp- Part No. 03455-84411) con-
sisting of a PC extender board and a fuse is supplied
with the Model 3455A.
1-17. ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE.
1-18. The following is a list of accessories available for
use with the Model 3455A.
Accessory No. Description
11177A 3455A Reference Module
34111A High Voltage Probe (40 kV dc)
10631A HP-IB Cable 1] meter (39.37 in.)
10631B HP-IB Cable 2 meter (78.74 in.)
10631C HP-IB Cable 4 meter (157.48 in.)
03455-61609 Inguard/Outguard Service Cable
1-1

Section I
1-19. Recommended Test Equipment.
1-20. Equipment required to maintain the Model 3455A
is listed in Table 1-3. Other equipment may be
substituted if it meets the requirements listed in the
table.
Model 3455A
1-21. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.
1-22. The 3455A is a safety class 1 instrument (provided
with a protective earth terminal). The instrument and
manual should be reviewed for safety symbols and in-
structions before operation.
Table 1-1. Specifications.
DC VOLTAGE
Specifications apply with Auto-Cal ON
anges Maximum Display
High High High High
Resolution Resolution Resolution Resolution
Off On
+1.499998V
+14.99999V
+149.9993V
+1000.000V
Range Selection: Manual, Automatic, or Remote
PERFORMANCE (HIGH RESOLUTION OFF}
Temperature Coefficient: (O°C to 50°C)
0.1V range: +{0.0003% of reading + 0.15
digits}/°C
1V range: +{0.0003% of reading + 0.015
digits)/°C’
10V range: +{0.00015% of reading + 0.01
digits)/°C
100 & 1000V range: +(0.0003% of reading + .O1
- digits)/°C-
Accuracy: (1 digit = .001% of range)
24 hours; 23°C +1°C
10V range: +(0.002% of reading + 1 digit}
1V range: +(0.003% of reading + 1 digit}
0.1V range: +10.004% of reading + 4 digits}
100 & 1000V range: +1(0.004% of reading + 1 digit)
90 days; 23°C +5°C
10V range: +(0.005% of reading + 1 digit}
1V range: +£10.006% of reading + 1 digit)
0.1V range: +1(0.007% of reading + 4 digits)
100 & 1000V range: +(0.007% of reading + 1 digit)
6 months; 23°C +5°C
10V range; +(0.008% of reading + 1 digit)
1V range: +(0.009% of reading + 1 digit)
0.1V range: +(0.010% of reading + 5 digits)
100 & 1000V range: +(0.010% of reading + 1 digit)
1 year; 23°C +5°C
10V range: +(0.013% of reading + 1 digit)
1V range: +(0.014% of reading + 1 digit}
0.1V range: +{0.015% of reading + 6 digits)
100 & 1000V range: +{0.015% of reading + 1 digit}
PERFORMANCE (HIGH RESOLUTION ON}
Temperature Coefficient: (O°C to 50°C)
1V range: +(0.0003% of reading + 0.15
Accuracy: (1 digit = .001% of range)
24 hours; 23°C +1°C
10V range:
100 & 1000V range:
1V range:
+(0.002% of reading + 3 digits)
+(0.004% of reading + 3 digits)
+(0.003% of reading + 4 digits)
90 days; 23°C +5°C
10V range:
100 & 1000V range:
1V range:
6 months; 23°C +5°C
+{(0.005% of reading + 3 digits)
+(0.007% of reading + 3 digits)
+ (0.006% of reading + 4 digits)
10V range: +(0.008% of reading + 3 digits)
100 & 1000V range: +4(0.010% of reading + 3 digits)
1V range: +(0.009% of reading + 5 digits)
1 year; 23°C +5°C
10V range: +(0.013% of reading + 3 digits)
100 & 1000V range: +(0.015% of reading + 3 digits)
1V range: +(0.014% of reading + 6 digits)
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
input Resistance:
0.1V through 10V range: > 101° ohms
100V and 1000V range: 10 megohm +0.1%
(with Auto-Cal OFF)
Maximum Input Voltage:
High to Low Input Terminals: + 1000V peak
Guard to Chassis: + 500V peak
Guard to Low Terminal: +200V peak
Normal Mode Rejection (NMR): NMR is the ratio of the peak norma!-
mode voltage to the peak error voltage in the reading.
50 Hz operation: > 60 dB at 50 Hz + .01%
60 Hz operation: > 60 dB at GO Hz + .01%
Effective Common Mode Rejection (ECMA): ECMR is the ratio of the
peak common-mode voltage to the resultant peak error volt-
age in the reading with 1 kQ unbalance in jow lead.
AC Input:
50 Hz operation: > 160 dB at 50 Hz + 0.1%
digitst/°C 60 Hz operation: > 160 dB at GO Hz + 0.1%
10V range: +(0.00015% of reading + 0.1 :
digits\/°C pe ee
100 & 1000V range: +{0.0003% of reading + 0.1 > 140 dB
L digits(/°C
1-2 RevA

Model 3455A
Table 1-1. Specifications (Cont'd).
@ Maximum Reading Rate:
GOHz Gate Length
High High
Resolution Resclution
oft On
Local 5 readings/sec. 3 readings/sec.
Remote 24 readings/sec. 6 readings/sec.
Maximum Display
High
Resolution
Off
High
Resolution
On
High
Resolution
Off
High
Resolution
On
-149999k2
Section I
50Hz Gate Length
High
Resolution
on
Local
OHMS
1 year; 23°C +5°C
0.1k2 range:
1kQ range:
10k? range:
100k? range:
1OO0OK? range:
10,000k2 range:
3.5 readings/sec.
22 readings/sec.
High
Resolution
On
5 readings/sec.
+ {0.006% of reading.
+(0.006% of reading
+ (0.008% of reading
+(0,005% of reading
+{0.015% of reading
+ (0.100% of reading
2.5 readings/sec.
7 digits)
2 digits)
3 digits)
4 digits)
6 digits)
6 digits)
1.499999k9
14.99999k2
149.9999k2
1499.999k2
14939.99kQ
1k9
10k2
100k2
1000k2
10000ki
1.49999ka
14.9999k9
149.999k0
1499.99k2
14999.9k2
Range Selection: Manual, Automatic, or Remote
Function Selection: 2 wire k ohms or 4 wire k ohms
PERFORMAACE (HIGH RESOLUTION OFF)
Temperature Coefficient: (O°C to 50°C)
G.1kQ range: (0.0003% of reading + 0.2
digits}/°C
1,10 and 100k range: (0.0003% of reading + 0.02
digits)/°C
PERFORMANCE (HIGH RESOLUTION ON)
Temperature Coefficient: (0°C to 50°C)
1,10 and 100k? range:
1 000k range:
10,000k2 range:
+(0.0003% of reading + 0.2
digits)/°C
+(0.0005% of reading + 0.2
digits)/°C
+(0.004% of reading + 0.2
digits)/°C
Accuracy: 4 wire k ohms“ (1 digit = .0001% of range}
1000k2 range:
digits)/°C
10,000k? range:
digits)/°C
Accuracy: 4 wire k ohms* (1 digit =
24 hours; 23°C +1°C :
+(0.003% of reading
{0.0005% of reading + 0.02
(0.004% of reading + 0.02
.001% of range)
0.1k@ range: + 4 digits)
1k@ range: +(0.003% of reading + 1 digit)
10k range: +(0.005% of reading + 2 digits)
100k2 range: +(0.002% of reading + 2 digits)
1000k2 range: +{0.012% of reading + 5 digits)
10,000k range: +{0.1% of
90 days; 23°C +5°C
reading + 5 digits)
24 hours; 23°C +1°C
1k@ range: +(0.0025% of reading + 4 digits)
10k@ range: +(0.0045% of reading + 4 digits)
100kf range: +{0.0020% of reading + 5 digits)
1000kf range: +{(0.0120% of reading + 4 digits)
10,000kf range: +{0.1000% of reading + 4 digits)
90 days; 23°C +5°C
1kQ range: +{0.0035% of reading + 5 digits)
10kQ range: +(0.0060% of reading + 5 digits)
100k@ range: +{0.0035% of reading + 6 digits)
1000kf range: +{0.0135% of reading + 5 digits)
10,000k? range: +{0.1000% of reading + 5 digits)
6 months; 23°C +5°C
1kQ range: +{0.0040% of reading + 6 digits)
10kQ range: +(0.0065% of reading + 6 digits)
100k range: +{0.0040% of reading + 7 digits)
1000k2 range: +{0.0140% of reading + 6 digits)
10,000k2 range: +{0.1000% of reading + 6 digits)
1 year; 23°C +5°C
1kQ range: +(0.0045% of reading + 7 digits)
10kQ range: +(0.0070% of reading + 7 digits)
100k range: +(0.0045% of reading + 8 digits)
1000k2 range: +(0.0145% of reading + 7 digits)
10,000k0 range: +(0.1000% of reading + 7 digits)
0.1k range: +(0.005% of reading + 5 digits)
1kQ range: +(0.005% of reading + 1 digit)
10k2 range: +(0.007% of reading + 2 digits)
100k? range: +(0.004% of reading + 2 digits)
1000k2 range: +(0.014% of reading + 5 digits)
10,000k2 range: +(0.100% of reading + 5 digits)
6 months; 23°C +5°C
0.1kM2 range: +(0.005% of reading + 6 digits}
1kM range: +(0.005% of reading + 1 digit)
10k2 range: +(0.007% of reading + 2 digits}
100k? range: +(0.004% of reading + 3 digits}
ea 1OQOKM range: +(0.014% of reading + 5 digits)
_ 10,000k2 range: +(0.100% of reading + 5 digits)
“Accuracy: 2 wire k ohms
All accuracy specifications are the same as 4 wire k ohms ex-
cept add 0.0004k2 to all readings.
1-3

Section I
Table 1-1. Specifications (Cont'd).
Model 3455A
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Maximum voltage generated across unknown:
<5 volts for open circuit
<4.7 volts for valid reading
Signa! Source Oriving Unknown (Nominal):
0.1k2, 1k2Q & 10k0 ranges
100k2 oor *
so ™ He
1000k2 & 10,000k2 ranges sont 1G
te
Overload Protection;
Non-Destructive — +350V peak
Maximum Reading Rate:
60Hz Gate Length
High High
Resolution Resolution
Off On
Local 4.5 readings/sec, 2 readings/sec.
Remote 12 readings/sec. 3 readings/sec.
50Hz Gate Length
High High
Resolution Resolution
Off On
Local 4 readings/sec. 1.8 readings/sec.
Remote 11 readings/sec. 2.5 readings/sec.
AC VOLTAGE (RMS CONVERTER)
High Resolution
On or Off
High Resolution
On or Off
1.49999V
14.9999V
149.999V
1000.00V
Range Selection: Manual, Automatic, or Remote
Function Selection: ACV or Fast ACV
PERFORMANCE
Temperature Coefficiant: (O°C to 50°C) for inputs < 50kHz
AC coupled, input > 1% of full scale: + (0.002% of reading
+ 2 digits)/°C
AC coupled, input < 1% of full scale:
+ 6 digits)/°C
AC/DC coupled: +{0.002% of reading + 6 digits)/°C
+ (0.002% of reading
Accuracy: +(% of reading + digits or {% of range)]*
(AC Coupling)?
FAST ACY’
Acys
2GkHz-100kHz
20kH2-100kHz
300H2-20kHz
30Hz-20kHz
S00kHz. 1MHz3
SOOkHz- 1MHz3
250kHz-500kHz?
250kHz-500kHz3
100kHz-250kH2?
100kHz-250kHz)
0.4% + 80dig.
04% + 40 dig.
(08%)
(.04%)
24 hrs; 23°C 41°C
6 mos; 23°C35°C
0.6% + 130 dig.
{.13%)
06% + 60 dig.
(.06%)
1.8% + 200 dig.
2.0% + 250 di
(.25%)
2.1% + 300 dig.
4% + 400 dig. 5% + 2600 dig.
(.40%) (2.6%)
5% + 500 di 6% + 3100 dig.
{.50%) (3.1%)
5.1% + 600 dig. | 6.3% + 3500 dig.
(.60%) (3.5%)
(.20%)
{.30%)
0.7% + 160 dig.
(16%)
07% + 70 dig.
(.07%)
1 year; 23°C+5°C
2.2% + 350 dig.
6.6% + 3900 dig.
5.3% + 700 dig.
(3.9%)
(.70%}
(.35%)
‘Guard must be connected to law.
Specitications are only for input levels above 1% of range
For AC coupled inputs < 1% of full scale; add 20 digits to above accuracy table ex-
cept for AC coupled inputs above 50kHz and < 5% of full scate; add 170 digits to
above accuracy table. See footnote 2 for AC/DC coupled inputs.
2For any AC/DC coupled input edd (0.05% of reading +20 digits! to above accuracy
teble, except tor an AC/DC coupled input above SOkHz and < 5% of full scale, adc
170 digits to above accuracy table.
3Frequencies of greate: than )OOkHz are specified far the 1V and 10V ranges only.
4accuracy is not specified if the volt-hz product exceeds 107.
1500 + |Vinj
For inputs > 500V multiply the above tabled accuracy by —-
1000
For inputs > 50OV, accuracy is specified for a time period of < 2 minutes.
Crest Factor: 7:1 at full scale
“| @
1-4 RevA

Model 3455A Section I
: Table 1-1. Specifications (Cont'd).
oe Maximum Reading Rate:
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS GOHz Gate Length
Input
Impedance:
FAST
ACV
Front Terminals— 2MQ + 1% shunted by less than 100pF. Local 1.3 readings/sec. | 4.5 readings/sec.
Rear Terminals— 2MQ + 1% shunted by less than 75pF.
ene if B Remote 1.3 readings/sec. 13 readings/sec.
Maximum Input Voltage;
High to Low Terminals: + 1414 volts ‘peak (Subject to a SOHz Gate Length
107 volt - Hz limitation}
Guard to Chassis: + 500V peak
Guard to Low Terminal: + 200V peak Local 1.1 readings/sec. | 3.5 readings/sec.
Remote | 1.1 readings/sec. 12 readings/sec.
Response Tima:
ACV and FAST ACV
First reading to <0.1% of step size when triggered coinci-
dent with step change when on correct range. {For AC
signals with no DC component.)
AC VOLTAGE (AVERAGE CONVERTER OPT. 001)
Maximum Display
High Resolution High Resolution
Qn os Off On ar Off
1v
1.49999V
10V 14.9999V
100V 149.999V
1000.00V
Range Selection: Manual, Automatic, or Remote
Function Selection: ACV or Fast ACV
PERFORMANCE
Temperature Coetficiant: (0°C ta 50°C)
+£(0,002% of reading + 2 digits)/°C
Accuracy: +[% of reading + digits or (% of range}]!
FAST ACV3 300Hz-500Hz SQ0Hz-1kHz 1kHz-100kHz VOOKHz-250kH22
Acy3 30Hz-50H2 50Hz-100Hz 100Hz-100kHz? 100kH2-250kHz2
24 hrs; 23°C+1°C 0.47% + 70 dig. 32% + 5Odig. | 0.09% + 25dig. | 0.70% + 60dig.
(07%) (05%) {.025%) {.06%)
0.50% + 70 dig. | 0.35% + 50 dig. 0.1% + 25di 0.75% + 60 dig.
(.07%) (05%) (.025%) {.06%)
6 mos; 23°C+8°C 0.50% + 70 dig. | 0.40% + 60 dig. 0.1% + 30dig. | 0.75% + 70d
(07%) {.06%) {.03%) {.07%)
1 year, 23°C+5°C 0.50% + 70dig. | 0.40% + 70 dig. | 0.12% + 35 dig. | 0.75% + BO dig.
(07%) {.07%} (.035%) (.08%)
* 1Guard must be connected to low.
Qn the 1000V range, add 0.01 ppm/volt-kHz.
& Specifications are for input levels above 1/100th of range.
2Frequencies greater than 100kHz specified on 1 and 10V ranges only.
3Accuracy is not specified if the valt-hertz product exceeds 107.
1-5

Section I
Model 3455A
Table 1-1. Specifications (Cont'd).
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Input Impedance:
Front Terminals - 2M2 + 1% shunted by less than 100pF.
Rear Terminals— 2MQ+ 1% shunted by less than 75pF.
Maximum Input Voltage:
High to Low Terminals: + 1414 volts peak (Subject to a
10? voit - Hz limitation)
Guard to Chassis: + 500V peak
Guard to Low Terminal: + 200V peak
Scale: Xu=2 )
Y
X is present reading. Y and Z are previously entered readings,
numbers entered from the front panel or values entered by
external program.
Maximum Number: (Entered or Displayed)
+199,993.9
ACCURACY:
+{ACCURACY OF X READING +1 DIGIT OF DISPLAYED
ANSWER}!
1This assumes no “’Y" or ’2’' error.
Maximum Reading Rate:
60Hz Gate Length
FAST ACV
Local 1.3 readings/sec, | 4.5 readings/sec.
Remote 1.3 readings/sec. 13 readings/sec.
5OH2 Gate Length
Local 1.1 readings/sec. 3.5 readings/sec.
Remote | 1.1 readings/sec. 12 readings/sec.
Response Time;
ACV and FAST ACV
First reading to <0.1% of step size when triggered coinci-
dent with step change when on correct range (for AC
signals with no DC component).
MATH
% Error: sean x 100%
Y
X is present reading. Y is previously entered reading, or
number entered from the front panel or by external program.
Maximum Number: (Entered or Displayed)
+199,999.9
ACCURACY:
(ACCURACY OF X READING + 1 DIGIT OF DISPLAYED
ANSWER)!
'This assumes no “’Y"’ error.

Model 3455A
NORMAL MODE REJECTION (50 Hz OPERATION)
70
PRJECTION MBI
NORMAL MOCE REJECTION (60 Hz OPERATION)
REJECTION cM
Range Selection; Manua!, Automatic, or Remote
Function Selection:
OC Volts
AC Volts (ACV or FAST ACV)
OHMS (2 wire kilohm or 4 wire kilohm)
TEST
7)
0
i
1 ‘al
GoIGIT oor
OPERATION
10 100
FREQUENCY {H2)
Sout
| aPeaation
OPERATION
rani all
FREQUENCY sHv1
net
Normai Mode Rejection = 20 log
sin 7 T
1
Effective Noise Bandwidth = 57
T = 1/60 sec for 5 digit 60 Hz Operation
T = 2/15 sec for 6 digit 60 Hz Operation
T = 1/50 sec for 5 digit 50 Hz Operation
T = 4/25 sec for 6 digit 50 Hz Operation
COMMON MODE REJECTION (1 KiLOHM IMBALANCE)
199 777
ALIECTION Gini
aot
TIME
FMEQUENCY thot
Section I
Table 1-2. Typical Operating Characteristics.
EFFECTIVE COMMON MODE REJECTION (50 Hz OPERATION)
180 TT
REJECTION (a8)
, 10 100
EREQUENCY (M2)
EFFECTIVE COMMON MODE REJECTION (60 Hz OPERATION)
180 7
170 44
160 {
= 0
3 I
Be nnn SOIGIT
5 OPERATION |
2 oT UU TPY H
10% i
310 f
’ 10 100
FREQUENCY tHe!
Typical HP-IB Handshake Times:
Accept Data — (3455A addressed to listen or ATN true)
500 psec per character typical (@ delay source)
Output Data — (3455A addressed to talk}
250 psec per charcter typical {@ delay acceptor)
General (Auto Cal must be on for 75 seconds to meet all
specifications)
Overload Indication: OL
Operating Temperature: O°C to 50°C
Warmup Time: One hour to meet all specifications
Humidity Range: <95% R.H., O°C to 40°C
Storage Temperature: - 40°C to +75°C
Power: 100/120/240 V +5%, - 10% 48 Hz to 400 Hz line
operation < 60 VA
220 V + 10% 48 Hz to 400 Hz line operation
< 60 VA
Dimensions: 88.9 mm high x 425.5 mm wide x 527.1 mm
deep (3 1/2" high x 16 3/4" wide x 20 3/4"'
deep)
Weights: Net — 9 kg (21 Ibs.)
Shipping — 12 kg (26 lbs.)
1-7

Section I
1-8
Model 3455A
Table 1-3. Recommended Test Equipment.
Instrument
Critical Specification
DC Voltage Standard
AC Calibrator
Test Oscillator
Resistance Decade
OC Nult Voltmeter
Reference Divider
DC Transfer Standard
Electronic Counter
Resistance Standard
Bus System Analyzer
Calculator
Oscilloscope
Digital Voltmeter
Resistors
Signature Analyzer
10 mV to 1000 V
+ .005%
Voltage:
Accuracy:
Frequency: 20 Hz to 100 kHz
Output Level: 100 mV to 1000 V
Accuracy: + .1%
Voltage Stability {6 mos.) + .02%
Frequency: to 250 kHz
Output: 3 V rms into 50 2
Frequency Response + .25%
Resistance: 1009 to 10 M2
Accuracy: + .004%
Voltage Range: 1 nV to 10 V
Division Ratio Accuracy + .001%
Output Voltage Range - 1 V to1kV
Output Voltages: 1 V, 1.018 V,
1.019 V,10V
Accuracy: + 5 ppm
Stability: + .001% (30 days)
50 Hz to 6O Hz
Resistance: 1 kQ
Accuracy: + .0005%
Resistance: 100 K
Accuracy: + .002%
HP-|B Control Capabitity
HP-IB Control Capability must serve
as printer for 3455A Output data.
Bandwidth: DC to 10 MHz
Sweep Time: 0.1 ys to 1 sec/div
Sensitivity: 1 V/div
Voltage Range: 10 mV te 1000 V
Resolution: 10 2V
Resistances:
1k + 10%
10 kD + 0.1%
1 MQ + 0.1%
Recommended Madet Use
Systron Donner PAT
Model M107
-hp- Model 745A PAT
AC Calibrator
-hp- Model 746A
High Voltage Amplifier
-hp- Model 652A P
Test Oscillator
Gen Rad Model PAT
GR 1433-Z Decade
Resistor
-hp- Model 419A | PAT
Fluke Model 750A PA
Reference Divider
Fluke Model 731A PA
DC Transfer Standard
-hp- Model 5300A/5302A P
Measuring System
Guildline Modet A
9330/1 K or 9330A/1 K
Guildline Model 9330/100K
-hp- Model 59401A T
Bus System Analyzer
-hp- Model 9825A OT
-hp- Model 180C/D Oscillo- | T
scope with 1801A and
1821A plug-in units.
-hp- Model 3490A
-hp- Part No,
0684-1021
0698-4157
0698-6369
-hp- Model 5004A
erformance Checks
djustments
Troubleshooting
T=
O = Operators Check

SECTION Ii
INSTALLATION
2-1. INTRODUCTION.
2-2. This section contains information and instructions
necessary to install and interface the Model 3455A
Digital Voltmeter. Also included are initial inspection
procedures, power and grounding requirements, en-
vironmental information, and repackaging instructions.
2-3. INITIAL INSPECTION.
2-4, This instrument was carefully inspected both
mechanically and electrically before shipment. It should
be free of mars and scratches and in perfect electrical
order. The instrument should be inspected upon receipt
for damage that might have occurred in transit. If the
shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, it
should be kept until the contents of the shipment have
been checked for completeness and the instrument has
been mechanically and electrically checked. Procedures
for testing electrical performance of the 3455A are given
in Section IV. If the contents are incomplete, if there is
mechanical damage or defect, or if the multimeter does
not pass the Performance Tests, notify the nearest
Hewlett-Packard Office. {A list of the -hp- Sales and
Service Offices is presented at the back of the manual.)
If the shipping container is damaged, or the cushioning
material shows signs of stress, notify the carrier as well
as the Hewlett-Packard Office. Save the shipping
materials for the carrier’s inspection.
2-5, PREPARATION FOR USE.
2-6. Power Requirements.
2-7. The Model 3455A requires a power source of 100,
120, 220, or 240 V ac (+5% - 10%), 48 Hz to 400 Hz
single phase. Maximum power consumption is 60 VA.
2-8. Line Voltage Selection.
2-9. Before connecting ac power to the 3455A, make
sure the rear panel line selector switches are set to cor-
respond to the voltage of the available power line as
shown in Figure 2-1. Also, be sure the proper fuse is in-
stalled. The multimeter is shipped with the line voltage
and fuse selected for 120 V ac operation.
Be sure the 50 — 60 Hz rear panel switch is
set for the proper line frequency for your
location.
240v: 2aov.
220V 220¥"
100v : ov:
1207 120:
2eovoite 220 Volts
2e0 2a0y
a i 220
r00V. Q
vaee St.
120 Vets 100 Vous
/
NOMINAL OPERATING RANGE
VOLTAGE - 10%, + 5% of nominal FUSE
100 volts 90 to 105 volts 0.5 A
120 volts 108 to 126 volts O5 A
220 volts 19B to 231 volts O.25A
240 volts 216 to 252 volts 0.25A
Figure 2-1. Line Voitage Selection.
2-10. Power Cable.
2-11. Figure 2-2 illustrates the standard configurations
used for -hp- power cables. The -hp- part number
directly below each drawing is the part number for a
power cable equipped with a connector of that con-
figuration. If the appropriate power cable is not in-
cluded with the instrument, notify the nearest -hp- Sales
and Service Office and the proper cable will be pro-
vided.
2-12. Grounding Requirements.
2-13. To protect operating personnel, the National
Electrical Manufacturer’s Association (NEMA) recom-
mends that the instrument panel and cabinet be
grounded. The Model 3455A is equipped with a three
conductor power cable which, when plugged into an ap-
propriate receptacle, grounds the instrument.
2-14. Bench Use.
2-15. The Model 3455A is shipped with plastic feet and
tilt stands installed and is ready for use as a bench in-
strument. The plastic feet are shaped to permit ‘‘stack-
ing’’ with other full-module Hewlett-Packard in-
struments. The tilt stands permit the operator to elevate
the front panel for operating and viewing convenience.
2-16. Rack Mounting.
2-17. The Model 3455A may be rack mounted by add-
ing rack mounting kit Option 908 or Option 909. Option
908 contains the basic hardware and instructions for
2-1

Section II
Model 3455A
250 Vv
OPERATION
250V
OPERATION
PLUG *: CEE22-V1
CABLE*: HP 6120-1860
PLUG*: CEE7-V11
CABLE”: HP 8120-1692
250V
OPERATION
125V-6A**
aw
{se
PLUG*: NZSS 198/AS C112
CABLE*: HP 8120-0696
PLUG*: NEMA 1-15P
CABLE": HP 8120-0684
PLUG*: DHCR 107
CABLE*: HP 8120-2956
250V 250V-6a‘*
OPERATION
PLUG*: BS 13634
CABLE": HP 8120-1703
250 Vv
OPERATION
250 Vv
OPERATION
PLUG*: SEV 1011.1959-24507
TYPE 12
CABLE*: HP 8120-2104
125V-6A°°
PLUG*: NEMA G-15P
CABLE": HP 6120-0698
PLUG*: NEMA 5-15P
CABLE*: HP 8120-1521
{ST0-8-4195 (Rev)
*The number shown for the plug is the industry identifier for the plug only.
The number shown for the cable is an HP part number for a complete cable including the plug.
+ UL listed for use in the United States of America
Figure 2-2. Power Cord Configurations.
tack mounting; Option 909 adds front handles to the
basic rack mount kit. The rack mount kits are designed
to permit the Multimeter to be installed in a standard 19
inch rack. When rack mounting, additional support
must be provided at the rear of the instrument. Be sure
that the air intake at the rear of the instrument is
unobstructed.
2-18. Interface Connections.
2-19. The Model 3455A is compatible with the Hewlett-
Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB).
NOTE
HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard’s implementation
of LEEE std 488-1975, ‘‘Standard Digital In-
terface for Programmable Instru-
mentation”.
The Multimeter is connected to the HP-IB by connect-
ing an HP-IB interface cable to the 24-pin connector
located on the rear panel. Figure 2-3 illustrates typical
HP-IB system interconnections and shows the
10631A/B/C HP-iB Interface Cable connectors. Each
end of the cable has both a male and female connector
to simplify interconnections of instruments and cables.
As many as 15 instruments can’ be connected by the
same interface bus; however, the maximum length of
cable that can be used to connect a group of instruments
2-2
must not exceed 2 meters (6.5 ft.) times the number of
instruments to be connected, or 20 meters (65.6 ft.),
whichever is less.
2-20. Address Selection. The HP-IB address switch,
located on the rear panel, permits the user to set the
“talk”’ and “‘listen’’ address of the instrument. The talk
and listen address is a 7-bit code which is selected to pro-
vide a unique address for each bus instrument. The
3455A normally leaves the factory with the address
switch set to a ‘‘Listen’’ address of 6 and a ‘‘talk’’ ad-
dress of V. The address switch also allows selection of a
‘*talk-only’’ mode. Refer to Paragraph 3-42 for address
selection instructions.
2-21. External Trigger. A BNC connector, located on
the rear panel, is provided for an external trigger input.
The trigger input is to be driven with TTL level signals.
2-22. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS.
To prevent electrical shock or fire hazard, do
not expose the instrument to rain or
moisture.