HP 8901B Use and care manual

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June 8,2000
Dear Customer,
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HP 8901B
MODULATION ANALYZER
Operation and Calibration Manual
SERIAL NUMBERS
This manual provides complete information for in-
strumentswith serial-numberprefixes:
2314A
and Above and all MAJOR changesthat apply to your instrum ent.
rev. 28MA Y93
Informationfor MAJOR changes isalso providedfor
instrumentswith serial-numberprefixes not listed
in the above range.
For additional important information about serial
numbers, refer
to “INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY
THIS MANUAL” in Section 1.
Sixth Edition
This material may be reproducedby or for the U.S.
Government pursuant to the Copyright License un-
der the clause at DFARS 52.227-7013 (AF’R 1988).
Copyright@HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY 1989
EAST 24001 MISSION AVENUE, LIBERTY LAKE, WASHINGTON,U.S.A. 99019-9599
Operation and CalibrationManual HP Part 08901-90113
Other DocumentsAvailable:
Service Manual (Volume2,3,4) HP Part 08901-90114
Basic Operation
and ApplicationGuide 08901-901 17
Microficheoperationand Calibration Manual HP Part 08901-90115
MicroficheService Manual HP Part 08901-90116 Printed in U.S.A.
: May 1995
HEWLETT
Fa PACKARD

1 Regulatory Information
(Updated March 1999)
1

RegulatoryInformation(Updated March 1999)
Safety Considerations
GENERAL
Thisproduct and related documentationmust be reviewedfor familiarizationwith safety
markings and instructionsbefore operation.
This product has been designed and tested in accordancewith IEC Publication 1010,
"SafetyRequirements for ElectronicMeasuringApparatus," and has been suppliedin a
safe condition.This instruction documentationcontains informationand warnings which
must be followedby the user to ensuresafe operation and
to maintainthe product in a safe
condition.
SAFETY EARTH GROUND
Auninterruptiblesafetyearthground must be providedfromthe main power sourcetothe
product input wiringterminals, power cord, or supplied power cord set.
SAFETY
SYMBOLS
A Indicatesinstrumentdamage can occur if indicated operatinglimits are exceeded.
A Indicateshazardous voltages.
Indicates earth(ground)terminal
~~~~~
WARNING A WARNING note denotesa hazard. It calls attentionto a procedure,
practice, or the like, which,
if not correctlyperformedoradheredto,
couldresult in personal
injury. Do not proceedbeyond a WARNING
signuntil the indicatedconditions are fully understood and met.
CAUTION
A CAUTION note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operation
procedure, practice, or the like, which,if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in damage
to or destruction of part or all of the product. Do
not proceed beyond anCAUTION note until theindicated conditionsarefully
understood and met.
2 Chapter 1

RegulatoryInformation (Updated March 1999)
Safety Considerations for this Instrument
WARNING
This product is a SafetyClass I instrument (providedwith a
protective earthingground incorporatedin thepower cord).The
mainsplug shall only be inserted
in a socket outletprovidedwith a
protective earthcontact.Any interruptionof theprotective
conductorinside or outsideof theproduct
is likely to make the
product dangerous. Intentional interruption
is prohibited.
Whenever it is likelythat the protection has been impaired, the
instrumentmust be made inoperativeandbe secured against any
unintendedoperation.
If this instrumentis to be energizedvia an autotransformer (for
voltagereduction),make surethe common terminal
is connectedto
the earthterminal of thepower source.
If thisproduct is not used as specified,the protection providedby
the equipmentcould be impaired. This product must be used in a
normal condition (inwhich all means
for protection areintact)only.
No operator serviceable parts in thisproduct. Refer servicingto
qualified personnel.
To prevent electrical shock,do not remove
covers.
Servicinginstructions are for use by qualifiedpersonnel only. To
avoid electricalshock,do not perform any servicingunlessyou are
qualified to do
so.
The opening of coversorremoval of parts is likelyto expose
dangerousvoltages. Disconnectthe product from
all voltage sources
while
it is being opened.
The power cord is connected to internalcapacitorsthat my remain
livefor
5 secondsafter disconnectingthe plug from its power supply.
For Continued protection against firehazard,replacethe line fuse(s)
only with 250 V fuse(s)or the samecurrentratingand type (for
example,normal blow or time delay).
Do not use repairedfuses or
shortcircuitedfuseholders.
Always use thethree-prongac power cord suppliedwith this
product. Failure
to ensure adequateearth groundingby not using
this cord may causeproduct damage.
This product is designed for use inInstallationCategory 11 and
Pollution Degree
2 per IEC 1010 and IEC 664 respectively. FOR
INDOOR USE ONLY.
This product has autoranginglinevoltage input,be surethe supply
voltage
is within the specifiedrange.
Chapter 1 3

Regulatory Information (UpdatedMarch 1999)
To prevent electricalshock,disconnectinstrumentfrommains (line)
beforecleaning.Use a dry clothor one slightly dampenedwith water
to cleanthe external case parts.
Do not attemptto clean internally.
VentilationRequirements:When installingtheproduct in a cabinet,
the convectionintoand out
of the product must not be restricted.
The ambienttemperature(outsidethecabinet)must be lessthanthe
maximum operatingtemperatureof theproduct by
4" C forevery 100
watts dissipated inthe cabinet. If the total power dissipatedinthe
cabinetis greaterthan
800 watts, then forced convection must be
used.
Product Markings
CE - the CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. A CE mark
accompaniedby a year indicatedthe year the design was proven.
CSA - the CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian StandardsAssociation.
4 Chapter 1

CERTIFICATION
Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that thisproduct met itspublished specifications at the time of shipment
from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies
that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United
States National Bureau of Standards, to the extent allowed by the Bureau’s calibration facility, and to the
calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
WARRANTY
This Hewlett-Packardinstrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period
of one year from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will at its option,
either repair or replace products which prove
to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by HP. Buyer shall
prepay shippingcharges to HPand HPshallpay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However,Buyer
shall pay
all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to HP from another country.
HP warrants that its software and firmware designated by HP for use with an instrument will execute its
programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. HP does not warrant that the operation
of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoingwarranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer,
Buyer-suppliedsoftware
or interfacing,unauthorizedmodificationor misuse,operationoutsideof theenvironmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLED. HPSPECIFICALLYDISCLAIMS THEIMPLED
WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITYAND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. HP SHALL
NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT,TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
ASSISTANCE
Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett-Packard
products.
For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office. Addresses are provided at
the back of this manual.
iii

Saftey Considerations Model 8901B
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
This product and related documentation must be re-
viewed for familiarization with safety markings and
instructions before operation.
This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided
with a protective earth terminal).
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Verify that the product is set to match the available
line voltage and the correct fuse is installed.
SAFETY EARTH GROUND
An uninterruptible safety earth ground must be pro-
vided from the main power source tothe product input
wiring terminals, power cord,
or supplied power cord
set.
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Instruction manual symbol: the product will
A be marked with this symbol when it
is necessary for the user to refer to the instruction
manual (refer to Table of Contents).
Indicates hazardous voltages.
Indicates earth (ground) terminal.
f
The WARNING sign denotes a
hazard. It calls attention to a
procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly
performed
or adhered to, could result in personal in-
jury.
Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until
the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
The CAUTION sign denotes a haz-
ard. It calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not
correctly performed
or adhered to, could result in dam-
age to or destruction of part
or all of the product. Do
not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indi-
cated conditions are fully understood and met.
Any interruption of the protective (ground-
ing) conductor (inside or outside the instru-
ment)
or disconnecting the protective earth
terminal will cause a potential shock hazard
that could result inpersonal injury. (Ground-
ing one conductor of a two conductor outlet
is not sufficient protection).
Whenever it is likely that the protection has
been impaired, the instrument
musl be made
inoperative and be secured against any unin-
tended operation.
If this instrument is to be energized via an
autotransformer (forvoltage reduction) make
sure the common terminal is connected to the
earth terminal of the power source.
Servicing instructions are for use by service-
trained personnel only.
To avoid dangerous
electric shock, do not perform any servicing
unless qualified to do
so.
Adjustments described inthe manual areper-
formed withpower supplied to the instrument
while protective covers are removed. Energy
available at manypoints may,
if contacted, re-
sult
in personal injury.
Capacitors inside the instrument may still be
charged even if the instrument has been dis-
connected from its source of supply.
For continued protection against fire hazard,
replace the line fuse(s)only with
250V fuse(s)
of the same current rating and type (forexam-
ple, normal
blow, time delay, etc.). Do not use
repaired fuses
or short circuited
fuseholders.
iv

Model 8901B Saftey Considerations
ATTENTION
Static Sensitive
Devices
This instrument was constructed in an ESD (electro-static dis-
charge) protected environment.
This is because most of the semi-
conductor devices used inthis instrument are susceptible to damage
by static discharge.
Depending on the magnitude of the charge, device substrates can
be punctured
or destroyed by contact or mere proximity of a static
charge. The results can cause degradation of device performance,
early failure,
or immediate destruction.
These charges are generated in numerous ways such as simple con-
tact, separation of materials, and normal motions of persons
working with static sensitive devices.
Whenhandling or servicing equipment containing static sensitive
devices, adequateprecautions must be taken toprevent device darn-
age
or destruction.
Only those who are thoroughly familiar with industry accepted
techniques for handling static sensitive devices should attempt to
service circuitry with these devices.
In all instances, measures must be taken to prevent static charge
build-up on work surfaces and persons handling the devices.
For further information on ESD precautions, refer to “SPECIAL
HANDLING CONSIDERATIONS
FOR STATIC SENSITIVE
DEVICES”
in Section VIII Service Section.
V

Model 8901B Contents
CONTENTS
Section 1 . General Information
Introduction to This Manual ............................................ 1-1
Operation and Calibration Manual ....................................... 1.1
Service Manual .................................................. 1-1
Specifications ..................................................... 1.2
Safety Considerations
................................................ 1.2
Recommended Test Equipment
........................................... 1.2
Instniments Covered by This Manual ....................................... 1.2
Options ...................................................... 1-2
SerialNumbe rs .................................................. 1-2
Documentation Updating
............................................. . 1-2
A Description of the Manual Update Packet ................................ . 1-2
Signing Up for the DocumentationUpdate Service ............................. . 1-3
Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) ..................................... . 1-3
Compatibility. ................................................. . 1-3
Selectingthe HP-IB Address ......................................... . 1-3
Additional Equipment Information ......................................... 1-3
Options
...................................................... 1-3
Accessories Supplied
............................................... 1-4
Electrical Equipment Available
........................................ . 1-4
Mechanical Equipment Available ....................................... . 1-5
Description of the Modulation Analyzer
...................................... 1-6
RF Power Measurements ........................................... . 1-6
RF Fkequency Measurements ......................................... . 1-7
Modulation Measurements .......................................... . 1-7
Additional Features .............................................. . 1-7
Specialhctions ................................................ 1-8
Extending Measurement Range ........................................ . 1-8
Programmability ................................................ . 1-8
........................... 1-8
RF Circuitry ................................................... 1-9
LOCircuitry
.................................................. 1-11
IFCircuitry .................................................. 1-11
Audio Circuitry ................................................ 1-11
Modulation Basics ................................................. 1-12
Amplitude Modulation ............................................ 1-12
Exponential Modulation ............................................ 1-15
Other Considerations
............................................. 1-17
Filters, De-emphasis Networks and Modulation Calibrators ......................... 1-7
Principles of Operation Using A SimplifiedBlock Diagram
vii

Contents Model 8901B
Section 2 . Installation
Introduction to This Section ............................................ 2.1
Initial Inspection ................................................... 2.1
Preparation for Use
................................................. 2.1
Power Requirements ............................................... 2.1
Power Cables ................................................... 2.2
Line Voltage and Fuse Selection
........................................ 2.4
HP-IB Address Selection ............................................ 2.4
Interconnections
................................................. 2.8
Mating Connectors ............................................... 2.8
Operating Environment ............................................. 2.8
Bench Mounting ................................................. 2.8
Removal and Installation of Operating Information Pull-Out Cards ..................... 2.8
Storage and Shipment
................................................ 2.9
Environment
................................................... 2.9
Packaging
..................................................... 2-9
RackMounting .................................................. 2-8
Section 3 . Operation
Introduction to This Section ............................................ 3.1
Local Operation Section ............................................. 3.1
Remote Operation Section
........................................... 3.1
Basic finctional Checks Section
......................................... 3.1
Detailed Operating Instructions Section
.................................... 3.2
Other Sourcesof Operating Information
.................................... 3.2
Operating Characteristics of the Measuring Receiver ............................... 3.2
Operator’sInformation
............................... ; ............... 3.2
Fbes
........................................................ 3-2
Time Base 10MHz Input and Time Base 10 MHz Output
......................... 3-3
Description ....................................................
3-3
Turn-On Procedure
.................................................. 3-3
Instrument Features
................................................. 3-4
Front-Panel Features ............................................... 3-6
Rear-Panel Features
............................................... 3-9
Remote Operation
VIA the Hewlett-PackardInterface Bus (HP-IB) ..................... 3-13
Introduction to the Section .......................................... 3-13
How to Use this Section to Make a Measurement
............................. 3-13
Programmingthe Modulation Analyzer
..................................... 3-13
Overview
.................................................... 3-13
Valid Programming Codes ........................................... 3-13
Invalid Characters
............................................... 3-14
Programming Syntax
............................................. 3-15
Code String Syntax (Sequence Dependency) ................................ 3-16
ProgrammingExamples
............................................ 3-17
Reference Tables
................................................
3-17
Data Output
....................................................
3-18
Data Output Format
.............................................. 3-18
HP-IB Information
................................................ 3-19
HP-IB Capabilities
.............................................. 3-19
HP-IB Address
................................................. 3-20
viii

Model 8901B Contents
Section 3 . Operation (cont’d)
Modulation Analyzer Remote Capabilities (IEEE-488) ............................. 3-20
TriggeringMeasurements ...........................................
Triggers (T2. T3. GET. and the CLEAR Key)
3-21
Trigger Modes (TO and T1) 3-22
............................... 3-23
Clear ...................................................... 3-24
Remote/Local ................................................. 3-25
Mode Descriptions 3-25
Mode Transitions 3-25
Clear Lockout/Set Local ........................................... 3-26
Service Request Message (SRQ) ....................................... 3-26
SRQ MASK (SpecialFbnction 22) ...................................... 3-29
StatusB yte ................................................... 3-31
..........................................
...............................................
...............................................
.................................................
Local Lockout 3-25
Abort ...................................................... 3-32
Pass Controlflake Control 3-32
Status Bit 3-32
Additional Information 3-32
Annunciators .................................................. 3-32
Reading the HP-IB Address Switch and SRQ Status ............................ 3-33
TALK and LISTEN Status Descriptions .................................. 3-34
Code Execution in the Modulation Analyzer
3-34
Basic bctional Checks of the Modulation Analyzer .............................. 3-47
Description 3-47
Equipment 3-47
Procedure 3-47
Basic bctionalChecks of the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) ................... 3-56
Description 3-56
Initial Setup 3-57
Equipment 3-57
Procedures 3-57
Detailed Operating Instructions .......................................... 3-67
Introduction to This Section 3-67
Section Organization ............................................. 3-67
How to Find Information About a Specific Measurement ......................... 3-67
3-69
Frequency Measurements (RF, LO. IF) Contents ............................. 3-109
Modulation Measurements Contents .................................... 3-133
Additional Capabilities Contents ...................................... 3-205
..........................................
...................................................
..............................................
................................
...................................................
...................................................
....................................................
...................................................
..................................................
...................................................
...................................................
.........................................
........................................
FW Power and Level Contents
.......................................
Audio Measurements Contents 3-197
Section 4 . Performance Tests
.....................................................
.................................................
..............................................
...................................................
..........................................
Introduction 4.1
Equipment Required 4.1
Performance Test Record 4.1
Calibration Cycle 4.1
Abbreviated Performance Testing 4.1
ix

Contents
Section 4 . PerformanceTests (cont'd)
Model 8901B
PerformanceTest 1 . AM .............................................. 4.2
PerformanceTest 2 . FM .............................................. 4.8
Performance Test 3 . cPM ............................................. 4-14
Performance Test 4 . Audio Filters ........................................ 4-18
Performance Test 5 . Audio Measurements ................................... 4-20
Performance Test 6 . Power Reference (UsingReference Comparison ..................... 4-25
Performance Test 7 . Power Reference (UsingDC Substitution) ....................... 4-26
Performance Test 8 . Power Meter ........................................ 4-29
Performance Test 9 . SWR ............................................ 4-31
Performance Test 10 . High-Selectivity (Options 032 and 033) ........................ 4-33
Performance Test 11 . High-Selectivity Gain (Option Series 030) ....................... 4-38
Performance Test Record ............................................. 4-40
Section 5 . Adjustments
Introduction ..................................................... 5.1
Safety Considerations ................................................ 5.1
WipmentRequired ................................................. 5.1
F'actory-Selected Components ............................................ 5.2
Post-Repair Tests, Adjustments, and Checks .................................... 5.2
Related Adjustments ................................................. 5.2
Adjustment 1 . Power Supply ............................................ 5.5
Adjustment 2 . Internal Reference ......................................... 5.6
Adjustment 3 . RF Level Detector Offset ..................................... 5.7
Adjustment 4 . SamplerEfficiency and Offset ................................... 5.8
Adjustment 5 . LO Doubler Output Power and Balance ............................ 5-10
Adjustment 6 . Voltmeter Offset and Sensitivity ................................ 5-12
Adjustment 7 . 15 kHz and >20 kHz Low-Pass Filter Gain .......................... 5-14
Adjustment 8 . ALC Reference .......................................... 5-15
Adjustment 9 . FM Calibrator .......................................... 5-16
Adjustment 10 . FM Sensitivity ......................................... 5-17
Adjustment 11 . FM Flatness ........................................... 5-18
Adjustment 12 . FM Distortion and Incidental AM . 1.5 MHz IF' ...................... 5-19
Adjustment 13 . cPM Sensitivity ......................................... 5-21
Adjustment 14 . AM Calibrator .......................................... 5-23
Adjustment 15 . AM Sensitivity ......................................... 5-24
Adjustment 16 . FM Distortion and Incidental AM . 455 kHz IF ....................... 5-25
Adjustment 17 . Tkack-The Mode Offset .................................... 5-27
Adjustment 18 . Power Reference (Using Reference Comparison ....................... 5-28
Adjustment 19 . Power Reference (UsingDC Substitution
5-30
Adjustment 20 . Power Meter ........................................... 5-33
Adjustment 21 . Audio True RMS Detector and Notch Filter Gain
5-35
Adjustment 22 . Battery Backup ......................................... 5-37
...........................
......................
X

General Information
Model 8901B
MODEL 8901B
LINE POWER CABLE
Figure 1-1. HP 8901B Modulation Analyzer and Supplied Accessories
1-0

Model 8901B General Information
Section 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1-1. INTRODUCTIONTO THIS MANUAL
The HP8901B Operating and Service Manual is comprised of an Operation and Calibration Manual
and the three volume Service Manual. These four volumes contain all the information required to
install, operate, test, adjust, and service the Hewlett-PackardModel 8901B Modulation Analyzer.
The information to operate and servicethis instrument is made available as follows: Sections 1 through
5 are contained in this Operation and Calibration Manual (that includes the Basic Operation and
Application Guide)
which is provided with each instrument. Sections 6 through 8 are contained in the
Service Manual that is not includedwith the instrument but which can be obtained by mailing in the
Service Manual Request Card included in this manual.
TheModulationAnalyzer is shownin Figure 1-1 with allsuppliedaccessories.Thesemanualsdocument
Modulation Analyzers supplied with Options 001,002,003,004, and series 030.
Operation and Calibration Manual
Section 1, General Information describes the instruments documented by this manual and covers
instrument description, options, accessories, specificationsand other basic information. This section
also contains instrument theory of operation on a simplified block diagram level.
Section 2, Installation provides information about initial inspection, preparation for use (including
address selection for remote operation),and storage and shipment.
Section 3, Operation provides information about panel features and includes operating checks, and
operating instructions for both local and remote operation.
Section 4, Performance Tests provides the information required to check performance of the
instrument against the critical specifications in Table
1-1.
Section 5, Adjustments provides the information required to properly adjust the instrument.
Service Manual
Section 6, ReplaceableParts provides orderinginformation for all replaceableparts and assemblies.
Section 7, Instrument Changes provides backdating information, and retrofitting and modifica-
tion information.
Section 8, Service provides the information required to repair the instrument.
Additional copies of the Operation and Calibration Manual or the Service Manual can be ordered
separately through your nearest Hewlett-Packard office. The part numbers are listed on the title page
of this manual.
1-1

GeneralInformation Model 8901B
1-2. SPECIFICATIONS
Instrwnent specifications are listed in Table 1-1. These are the performance standards, or limits,
against whichthe
instrum ent may be tested.Informationlistedinthistable as Supplemental Char-
acteristics, are not warranted specifications but are typical characteristics included as additional
informationfor the user.
1-3. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
This product is a Safety Class I instrument (that is, provided with a protective earth terminal).
The ModulationAnalyzer
and all related documentation must be reviewedfor familiarizationwith
safetymarkings
and instructionsbefore operation. Refer to the Safety Considerations page found at
the beginning of
this manual for a summary of the safetyinformation.
Safety information pertinent to the task at hand (installation, operation, performance testing,
adjustment
or service)is foundthroughoutthese manuals.
1-4. RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT
Table 1-2 lists the test equipment and accessories recommended for use in testing, adjusting,
and servicing the Modulation Analyzer.
If any of the recommended equipment is unavailable,
instruments with equivalent minimum specificationsmay be substituted.Table 1-2 also includes
some alternate equipment listings. Table 1-3 lists
a number of accessories required in addition to
those containedinthe Service Accessory Kit, HP 08901-60287.
1-5. INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY THIS MANUAL
Opt ions
Electricaloptions001,002,003,004,series030, and various mechanicaloptions are documentedin
these manuals.The differencesare noted under paragraph 1-8,
Options, inTable 6-3, Replaceable
Parts, and inthe schematicdiagramsinSection8.
Serial Numbers
Attached to the instrument is a serial number plate. The serial number is inthe form 1234A00123.
The fistfour digits
and the letterarethe serialprefix. The last five digitsformthe sequential suffix
that is unique to each instrument. The contents of these manuals apply directly to instruments
having the same serial number prefix(es) as listed under SERIAL NUMBERS on the respective
manual titlepages.
For information concerning a serial number prefix not listed on the title page or in the Manual
Changes supplement,contact
your nearest Hewlett-Packardoffice.
1-6. MANUAL UPDATING
Thismanual may be revisedasneeded to make correctionsand to documenthardwareand firmware
changes. The latest revision
of the manual can be purchased from the Hewlett-Packardlocations
shown below.
1-2
rev.28MA Y93

Model 8901B General Information
Inside the U.S.A.
Call HP Parts Direct Ordering at 800-227-8164.They can also help determine if a new revision is
available.
Outside the U.S.A.
Contactthe local Hewlett-PackardSalesand Serviceoffice for orderinginformation.
1-7. HEWLETT-PACKARD INTERFACE BUS (HP-IB)
Cornpatibility
TheModulationAnalyzer’scapabilitiesare defmed by the followinginterfacefunctions: SH1, AH1,
T5, TEO,
L3, LEO, SR1,RL1, PPO, DC1, DT1, CO. TheModulation Analyzer interfaceswith the bus
via open-collector
TTL circuitry. An explanation of the compatibilitycode may be found in IEEE
Standard 488- 1978, IEEE Standard and Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation or
the identicalANSI Standard MC 1.1.
For more detailedinformationrelating to programmablecontrol of theModulationAnalyzer,refer to
Remote Operation,Hewlett-PackardInterface Bus inSection 3 of this OperatingInformation manual.
Selecting the HP-IB Address
The HP-IBaddressswitches are located within the ModulationAnalyzer.The switchesrepresent a
five-bitbinary number. This number represents the talk and listen address characters which the
controller
must generate. In addition, two more switchesallow the ModulationAnalyzer to be set to
talk only or to listen only. A table inSection2 shows all HP-IBtalk and listen addresses.Refer to
HP-IBAddress Selection inSection 2 of this Operation and Calibration manual.
1-8. ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT INFORMATION
0 pt i ons
Options are variationson the standard instrument which can be ordered duringthe purchase. The
followinglist definesall currently available options.Refer
to Electrical Equipment Available inthis
sectionfor retrofit part numbers
that can be ordered after the purchase.
Option 001. This option provides rear-panel (instead of front-panel)connections for RF IN-
PUT, SENSOR input, MODULATION OUTPUT/AUDIO INPUT, and AMYFM and RF POWER
CALIBRATION OUTPUTS.
Option 002. This option provides a high-stability (1 x 10-g/day)internal reference oscillator in
place of the standardreference oscillator.
In addition,a 10 MHz time base output is provided on the
rearpanel.
rev. 28MA Y93
1-3

General Information Model 8901B
Option 003. This option provides both an output for the internal local oscillator signal and an input
for an external local oscillator signal. Both connectionsare located on the rear panel.
(This output is
provided automatically with option 030 series instruments.)
Option 004. This option allows operation at line frequencies ranging from 48 to 400 Hz. Operation
at frequenciesgreater than
66 Hz is restricted to less than 126.5 Vac line input.
Option 030. The High Selectivity Measurement option provides the capability to measure single-
sideband carrier noise
(AM or phase) quickly and accuratelyup to 1.3 GHz with an external LO. (An
output for the internal local oscillator and an input for an external local oscillator signal is provided
with these options.) This option
is ordered with one of the followingfilter options:
Option 032. This option provides a 12.5 kHz adjacent channel filter.
Option 033. This option provides a 25 kHz adjacent channel filter.
Option 035. This option provides a 30 kHz (CellularRadio) alternate channel filter.
Option 037. This option provides a carrier noise filter.
Options 907-909. These options are described in Mechanical Equipment Available.
Option 910. This option provides an extra copy of both the Operation and Calibration Manual and
the
Service Manual.
Accessories Supplied
The Accessories Supplied are pieces of equipment which are shipped automatically with every
Modulation Analyzer.
Line Power Cable. The line power cable may be supplied in several plug configurations,depending
on the destination of the original shipment. Refer
to Power Cables in Section 2 of this Operating
Information
manual.
Fuses. Fbes with a 2.5A rating for 115 Vac (HP 2110-0083) and a 1.5A rating for 230 Vac (HP
2110-0043) are supplied. One fuse is factory installed according to the voltage available in the country
of original destination. Refer
to Line Voltage and heSelection in Section 2 of this Operating
Information
manual.
Electrical Equipment Available
This equipment is available to be ordered for the Modulation Analyzer after the time of sale.
HP-IB Controller. The Modulation Analyzer has an HP-IB interface and can be used with any HP-IB
compatible computing controller or computer for automatic systems applications.
Sensor Module. The HP 11722A and 11792A Sensor Modules enable you to characterize a signal
using a single input connector. Switchingback and forth between the Modulation Analyzer’s SENSOR
input and RFINPUT connectorshappens automaticallywith these modules (which contain an internal
switch). The HP
11722A covers the Erequency range 100 kHz to 2.6 GHz; the HP 11792A covers the
range
50 MHz to 26.5 GHz and is intended for use with the HP 11793A Down Converter. Specialcare
is taken with each sensor module
to minimize input SWR and resultingerrors. A low SWR attenuator
isolates the power sensor from the source-under-test,reducing mismatch. Microwave hardware and a
selected RF input cable further improve SWR and insertion loss.
1-4

Model 8901B General Information
Down Converter. The HP 11793ADown Converter,when used with a suitable local oscillator,extends
the useful range of the ModulationAnalyzer into the microwave region. Provisions have been made in
the Modulation Analyzer
to account for the frequency of the local oscillator and provide direct display
of the frequency of the microwave input signal.
Test Source. The HP 11715A AMFM Test Source produces extremely linear AM and FM at
high rates as well as a low-noise CW signal. This source is required for performance testing and
adjusting the Modulation Analyzer; however,
it is an excellent stand-alone instrument for generating
very low-distortion FM in the broadcast band.
Service Accessory Kit. A Service Accessory Kit (HP 08901-60287) is available which contains
accessories (such
as extender boards and cables) useful in servicing the Modulation Analyzer.
Front-to-Rear-Panel Connectors Retrofit Kit (Option 001). This kit contains all the necessary
components and full instructions for converting front-panel connections
to rear-panel connections.
Order HPpart number 08901-60282.
Rear-to-Front-Panel Connectors Retrofit Kit (Standard). This kit contains all the necessary
components and full instructions for converting Option 001 instruments with rear-panel connections
to instruments with front-panel connections. Order HP part number 08901-60283.
High-Stability, Internal-Reference Retrofit Kit (Option 002). This kit contains all the necessary
components and full instructions for installation of the high-stability, internal-reference oscillator.
Order HP part number 08901-60281.
Rear-Panel Local Oscillator Connections Retrofit Kit (Option 003). This kit contains all the
necessary components and full instructions for installation of rear-panel local oscillator connections.
Order HP part number 08901-60280. (These connections are already included in all Option 030
Series instruments.)
Conversion to 400 Hz Line Operation. Modulation Analyzers not equipped to operate at line power
frequencies greater than 66 Hz may be converted
to operate at line frequencies from 48 to 440 Hz.
However, operation at line frequenciesgreater than 66 Hz will be restricted
to line voltages less than
or equal
to 126.5 Vac. To convert to 400 Hz operation, order HP part number 08901-60095. After
installation, performance will be identical
to the HP 8901B Option 004.
Mechanical EquipmentAvailable
The following kits might have been ordered and received with the Modulation Analyzer as options. If
they were not ordered with the original shipment and are now desired, they can be ordered from the
nearest Hewlett-Packard office using the appropriate part number.
Front-HandleKit (Option 907). Ease of handling is increased with the front-panel handles. Order HP
part number 5061-9690 for the basic kit and 2190-0048for lockwashers
(8 required).
Rack-Flange Kit (Option 908). The Modulation Analyzer can be solidly mounted to the instrument
rack using the flange kit. Order HP part number 5061-9678.
Rack-Flange and Front-Handle Combination Kit (Option 909). This is not a front-handle kit and
a rack-flange kit packaged together;
it is composed of a unique part which combines both functions.
Order HPpart number 5061-9684 for the basic kit and 2190-9609 for lockwashers
(8 required).
1-5

General Information Model 8901B
Chassis Slide-Mount Kit.
This kit is extremely useful when the Modulation Analyzer is rack
mounted. Access to internal circuits and components
or the rear panel is possible without removing
the instrument from the rack. Order HPpart number
1494-0017 for 432 mm (17 in.) fixed slides. (To
order adapters for non-HP rack enclosures,use HP
part number 1494-0023.)
Chassis-Tilt,Slide-Mount Kit. This kit is the same as the Chassis Slide Mount Kit above except it
also allowsthe tilting of the instrument up or down 90". Order HP part number 1494-0025 for 432 mm
(17 in.) tilting slides. To order adapters for non-HP rack enclosures, use HP part number 1494-0023.
1-9. DESCRIPTIONOF THE MODULATIONANALYZER
The HP Model 8901B Modulation Analyzer is a complete measurement system for accurately
characterizing signals in the
150 kHz to 1300 MHz frequency range. It combines the capabilities
of four separate instruments in its ability to measure RF power, carrier frequency, modulation and
the characteristics of the demodulated audio signal
(as well as those of external audio signals). This
flexibility allows you
to make those measurements most commonly needed to totally characterize
a signal.
The Modulation Analyzer can measure an RF signal's frequency, frequency drift, power level
(broadband, and off-channel), amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), phase
modulation (@M),and AM and FM noise components.
It recovers the modulating signal and can
measure the audio signal's frequency and distortion.
The Modulation Analyzer is fully automatic and all major measurements can be made by pushing a
single key. The Modulation Analyzer's large digital display shows measurement results with excellent
resolution and
is easy to read. All Modulation Analyzer operations can be controlled and all
measurement results can be transferred via the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB). (HP-IB is
Hewlett-Packard's implementation of IEEE Standard 488 and ANSI Standard MC1.l.)
RF Power Measurements
The Modulation Analyzer delivers the accuracy and resolution of a high-performance power meter.
The HP
8901B, with the HP 11722A Sensor Module, measures power from +30 dBm to -20 dBm
at frequencies from
100 kHz to 2.6 GHz. (Refer to Table 1-1, Specifications, for specified frequencies
limits using other power sensors. The HP
890lB also accepts all HP 8480 series power sensors for
extended measurement capability.)
Input Power Protection. TheModulationAnalyzer is equippedwith input power protection to prevent
damage from the accidental application of excessive power.
(This is a common cause of damage in
equipment used
to measure transmitters.) The Modulation Analyzer is tested for inputs up to 2W.
Protection is provided by limiting diodes and an RF relay. When excessivepower is applied, the relay
opens and protects sensitive components,and the ModulationAnalyzer displaysan error message.The
circuit automatically resets whenever
a key is depressed.
RF Power Calibration. RF Power Calibration is accomplished with the 50 MHz, 1 mW standard
available in every instrument. Also, the front-panel ZERO function enables you
to zero the sensor
module without removing it from the source-under-test. After the ZERO key
is pressed, the new zero
offsets are stored automatically.
RF Power Calibration Factors. RF Power Calibration Factors can be entered from the power sensor
into the Modulation Analyzer's non-volatile memory. The instrument automatically compensates for
the power sensor's efficiency and mismatch loss at each frequency.
1-6