Hp 2600 series Instruction and safety manual

ProCurve Switches

Access Security Guide

Switch 2600 Series

Switch 2600-PWR Series

Switch 2800 Series

Switch 4100 Series

Switch 6108 Series

ProCurve

Switch 2600 Series

Switch 2600-PWR Series

Switch 2800 Series

Switch 4100gl Series

Switch 6108

Access Security Guide

December 2008

Hewlett-Packard Company

8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551

Roseville, California 95747-5551

http://www.procurve.com

The information contained herein is subject to change without

notice.

Publication Number

5990-6024

December 2008

Applicable Products

ProCurve Switch 2626 (J4900A/B)

ProCurve Switch 2650 (J4899A/B)

ProCurve Switch 2600-8-PWR (J8762A)

ProCurve Switch 2626-PWR (J8164A)

ProCurve Switch 2650-PWR (J8165A)

ProCurve Switch 2824 (J4903A)

ProCurve Switch 2848 (J4904A)

ProCurve Switch 4104GL (J4887A)

ProCurve Switch 4108GL (J4861A/J4865A)

ProCurve Switch 4140GL (J8151A)

ProCurve Switch 4148GL (J4888A)

ProCurve Switch 4160GL (J8152A)

ProCurve Switch 6108 (J4902A).

Trademark Credits

Windows NT®, Windows®, and MS Windows® are US

registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Software Credits

SSH on ProCurve Switches is based on the OpenSSH

software toolkit. This product includes software developed

by the OpenSSH Project for use in the OpenSSH Toolkit. For

more information on OpenSSH, visit http://

www.openssh.com.

SSL on ProCurve Switches is based on the OpenSSL software

toolkit. This product includes software developed by the

OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. For more

information on OpenSSL, visit

http://www.openssl.org.

This product includes cryptographic software written by

Eric Young ([email protected])

This product includes software written by Tim Hudson

([email protected])

Disclaimer

HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY

OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL,

INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED

WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS

FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not

be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or

consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,

performance, or use of this material.

Hewlett-Packard Company shall not be liable for technical

or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The

information is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind

and is subject to change without notice. The warranties for

Hewlett-Packard Company products are set forth in the

express limited warranty statements for such products.

Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an

additional warranty.

Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or

reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished

by Hewlett-Packard.

Warranty

See the Customer Support/Warranty booklet included with

the product.

A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your

Hewlett-Packard products and replacement parts can be

obtained from your HP Sales and Service Office or

authorized dealer.

iii

Contents

Product Documentation

About Your Switch Manual Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Feature Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xii

1 Getting Started

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Overview of Access Security Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Management Access Security Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

General Switch Traffic Security Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Feature Descriptions by Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Command Syntax Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Port Identity Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Need Only a Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

To Set Up and Install the Switch in Your Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

2 Configuring Username and Password Security

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

Configuring Local Password Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Menu: Setting Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

CLI: Setting Passwords and Usernames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Web: Setting Passwords and Usernames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

Front-Panel Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

When Security Is Important . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

Front-Panel Button Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Configuring Front-Panel Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

Password Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

Password Recovery Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

3 Web and MAC Authentication for the Series 2600/

2600-PWR and 2800 Switches

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Client Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

How Web and MAC Authentication Operate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Authenticator Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Operating Rules and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

General Setup Procedure for Web/MAC Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

Do These Steps Before You Configure Web/MAC Authentication . . 3-12

Additional Information for Configuring the RADIUS Server To Support

MAC Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Configuring the Switch To Access a RADIUS Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Configuring Web Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Configure the Switch for Web-Based Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Configuring MAC Authentication on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Configure the Switch for MAC-Based Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Show Status and Configuration of Web-Based Authentication . . . . . . . . 3-26

Show Status and Configuration of MAC-Based Authentication . . . . . . . . 3-27

Show Client Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

4 TACACS+ Authentication

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Terminology Used in TACACS Applications: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

General System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

General Authentication Setup Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Configuring TACACS+ on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

CLI Commands Described in this Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Viewing the Switch’s Current Authentication Configuration . . . . . . . 4-9

Viewing the Switch’s Current TACACS+ Server Contact Configuration .

4-10

Configuring the Switch’s Authentication Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Configuring the Switch’s TACACS+ Server Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

How Authentication Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

General Authentication Process Using a TACACS+ Server . . . . . . . . 4-20

Local Authentication Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22

Using the Encryption Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

Controlling Web Browser Interface Access When Using TACACS+

Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24

Messages Related to TACACS+ Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

5 RADIUS Authentication and Accounting

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

Switch Operating Rules for RADIUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

General RADIUS Setup Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

Configuring the Switch for RADIUS Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

Outline of the Steps for Configuring RADIUS Authentication . . . . . . 5-7

1. Configure Authentication for the Access Methods You Want RADIUS

To Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

2. Configure the Switch To Access a RADIUS Server . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

3. Configure the Switch’s Global RADIUS Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12

Local Authentication Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16

Controlling Web Browser Interface Access When Using RADIUS

Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Configuring RADIUS Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Operating Rules for RADIUS Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Steps for Configuring RADIUS Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Viewing RADIUS Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25

General RADIUS Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25

RADIUS Authentication Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27

RADIUS Accounting Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28

Changing RADIUS-Server Access Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29

Messages Related to RADIUS Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31

6 Configuring Secure Shell (SSH)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4

Prerequisite for Using SSH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Public Key Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5

Steps for Configuring and Using SSH for Switch and Client Authentication .

6-6

General Operating Rules and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8

Configuring the Switch for SSH Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

1. Assign Local Login (Operator) and Enable (Manager) Password . 6-9

2. Generate the Switch’s Public and Private Key Pair . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10

3. Provide the Switch’s Public Key to Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

4. Enable SSH on the Switch and Anticipate SSH Client Contact Behavior

6-15

5. Configure the Switch for SSH Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18

vii

6. Use an SSH Client To Access the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21

Further Information on SSH Client Public-Key Authentication . . . . . . . . 6-21

Messages Related to SSH Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

7 Configuring Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3

Prerequisite for Using SSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5

Steps for Configuring and Using SSL for Switch and Client Authentication .

7-5

General Operating Rules and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Configuring the Switch for SSL Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7

1. Assign Local Login (Operator) and Enable (Manager) Password . 7-7

2. Generate the Switch’s Server Host Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9

3. Enable SSL on the Switch and Anticipate SSL Browser Contact

Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

Common Errors in SSL Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-21

8 Configuring Port-Based Access Control (802.1X)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

Why Use Port-Based Access Control? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

General Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3

How 802.1X Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

Authenticator Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6

Switch-Port Supplicant Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

General Operating Rules and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10

General Setup Procedure for Port-Based Access Control (802.1X) . . . . . 8-12

Do These Steps Before You Configure 802.1X Operation . . . . . . . . . 8-12

Overview: Configuring 802.1X Authentication on the Switch . . . . . . 8-13

viii

Configuring Switch Ports as 802.1X Authenticators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15

1. Enable 802.1X Authentication on Selected Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15

3. Configure the 802.1X Authentication Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

4. Enter the RADIUS Host IP Address(es) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

5. Enable 802.1X Authentication on the Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

802.1X Open VLAN Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

Use Models for 802.1X Open VLAN Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22

Operating Rules for Authorized-Client and Unauthorized-Client VLANs

8-25

Setting Up and Configuring 802.1X Open VLAN Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27

802.1X Open VLAN Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31

Option For Authenticator Ports: Configure Port-Security To Allow Only

802.1X Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32

Configuring Switch Ports To Operate As Supplicants for 802.1X Connections

to Other Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34

Displaying 802.1X Configuration, Statistics, and Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38

Show Commands for Port-Access Authenticator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38

Viewing 802.1X Open VLAN Mode Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40

Show Commands for Port-Access Supplicant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-43

How RADIUS/802.1X Authentication Affects VLAN Operation . . . . . . . . 8-44

Messages Related to 802.1X Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-48

9 Configuring and Monitoring Port Security

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Basic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2

Blocking Unauthorized Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

Trunk Group Exclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Planning Port Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5

Port Security Command Options and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6

Retention of Static MAC Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Displaying Current Port Security Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10

Configuring Port Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12

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