ISA T1000 PLUS User manual

DATE: 06/09/2011 DOC.MIE91093 REV. 1.34
T1000 PLUS
APPLICATION GUIDE

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 2 of 145
REVISIONS
SUMMARY
VISA
N
PAGE
DATE
1
All
20/10/2008
Issued
Lodi
1.28
11, 13-15
2/02/2010
Added test header
Lodi
1.28
-1
100-111
1/10/2010
Differential relay
test with TD1000
Lodi
1.30
75 - 83
21/3/2011
Modified the
recloser test
Lodi
1.34
71-83;
131-134
6/9/2011
Minor changes to
the recloser test;
added the CT
saturation test
Lodi

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 3 of 145
SHORT FOREWORD .............................................................................7
SAFETY AT WORK.................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................11
1 APPLICATION EXAMPLES...........................................................14
1.1 OVERCURRENT RELAY TESTING .......................................................... 16
1.1.1. Introduction ..................................................................... 16
1.1.2. Connection to current outputs............................... 17
1.1.3. I> Threshold and drop-off......................................... 19
1.1.4. I>> Threshold and drop-off ..................................... 20
1.1.5. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 21
1.2 OVER AND UNDER VOLTAGE................................................................ 21
1.2.1. Introduction ..................................................................... 21
1.2.2. Connection to voltage output .................................. 22
1.2.3. V> Threshold and drop-off........................................ 24
1.2.4. V< Threshold and drop-off........................................ 24
1.2.5. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 25
1.2.6. Hint: how to test a three-phase voltage relay25
1.2.7. Hint: vector group test for a PT transformer . 26
1.3 DC VOLTAGE RELAY TESTING............................................................. 28
1.3.1. Introduction....................................................................... 28
1.3.2. Connection to voltage output .................................. 28
1.3.3. V< Threshold and drop-off........................................ 30
1.3.4. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 31
1.4 REVERSE POWER RELAY TESTING....................................................... 32
1.4.1. Introduction....................................................................... 32
1.4.2. Connection of the relay.............................................. 33
1.4.3. P% Threshold and drop-off ...................................... 37
1.4.4. Threshold and drop-off of other points ............. 37
1.4.5. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 38
1.5 DIRECTIONAL RELAY TESTING............................................................ 39
1.5.1 Introduction ........................................................................ 39
1.5.2. Connection of the relay.............................................. 41
1.5.3. MTA and angle sector ................................................... 44
1.5.4. V-I curve test .................................................................... 46
1.5.5. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 47
1.6 OVER AND UNDER FREQUENCY RELAY TESTING ................................ 48
1.6.1. Introduction ..................................................................... 48
1.6.2. Connection to voltage output .................................. 49

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 4 of 145
1.6.3. F> Threshold and drop-off ........................................ 50
1.6.4. F< Threshold and drop-off ........................................ 51
1.6.5. F>> Threshold and drop-off..................................... 51
1.6.6. F<< Threshold and drop-off..................................... 52
1.6.7. Trip and drop-off timing ............................................. 52
1.7 FREQUENCY RATE OF CHANGE RELAY TESTING ................................. 54
1.7.1. Introduction...................................................................... 54
1.7.2. Connection to voltage output .................................. 55
1.7.3. MXROC Threshold ........................................................... 57
1.7.4. F>> Threshold and drop-off..................................... 58
1.7.5. T2 trip and drop-off timing ....................................... 58
1.7.6. F> threshold ...................................................................... 58
1.8 SYNCHRONIZING RELAY TESTING....................................................... 60
1.8.1 Introduction ........................................................................ 60
1.8.2. Connection to voltage outputs................................ 61
1.8.3. Voltage threshold and drop-off .............................. 63
1.8.4. Angle threshold................................................................ 64
1.8.5. Frequency threshold ..................................................... 64
1.9 TIMER TEST.......................................................................................... 68
1.10 LOSS OF FIELD RELAY TESTING ....................................................... 69
1.11 AUTOMATIC RECLOSER TESTING...................................................... 73
1.11.1 Introduction ..................................................................... 73
1.11.2 Normal Recloser test ................................................... 76
1.11.3 Normal recloser test programming .................... 80
1.11.4 Pole mounted CB test.................................................. 82
1.11.5 Pole mounted CB test programming .................. 85
1.12 DISTANCE RELAY TESTING ............................................................... 87
1.12.1 Introduction ..................................................................... 87
1.12.2 Definition of terms........................................................ 89
1.12.3. Relay connection .......................................................... 90
1.12.4 Test conduction .............................................................. 92
1.12.5 Single phase fault.......................................................... 93
1.12.6 Phase to phase fault .................................................... 97
1.12.7 Three phase fault......................................................... 101
1.13 TEST OF CONVERTERS .................................................................... 105
1.14 TEST OF ENERGY METERS............................................................... 107
1.15 TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL RELAY TESTING WITH D1000 OR
TD1000 PLUS .......................................................................................... 112
1.15.1 Introduction ................................................................... 112
1.15.2 The transformer ........................................................... 112

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 5 of 145
1.15.3 The Restraint and the Differential current ... 114
1.15.4 Connection to the relay ....................................... 115
1.15.5 Characteristic curve test..................................... 119
1.15.6 Displaying characteristic with X-Pro 1000
121
1.15.7 Connections for different transformers ..... 123
1.15.8 Second harmonic restraint test ...................... 124
1.16 PRIMARY END TO END TEST...................................................... 125
1.16. 1 Test setup ....................................................................... 127
1.16.2 Use of SWT3 ................................................................... 129
1.16.3 T1000 PLUS setup for End to End test ............ 130
1.16. 4 Line differential tests .............................................. 131
1.17 THERMAL RELAY TESTING............................................................... 132
1.18 LOW-VOLTAGE AND MEDIUM VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER TESTS133
1.18.1. Introduction................................................................. 133
1.18.2. Connection to current outputs.......................... 134
1.18.3. I> Threshold ................................................................. 135
1.18.4. Intervention curve .................................................... 136
1.19 CT SATURATION KNEE TEST........................................................... 136
1.19.1. Introduction................................................................. 136
1.19.2. Test set connection ................................................. 137
1.19.2. Test execution ............................................................ 138
APPENDIX 1 OVERCURRENT RELAYS ..................................... 140

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 6 of 145
Disclaimer
Every effort has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and up-to-
date. In addition, changes are periodically added to the information herein; these
changes will be incorporated into new editions of the publication. ISA S.R.L reserves
the right to make improvements and/or changes in the product(s) and/or the
program(s) described in this document without notice, and shall not be responsible
for any damages, including but not limited to consequential damages, caused by
reliance on the material presented, including but not limited to typographical errors.
Copies, reprints or other reproductions of the content or of parts of this publication
shall only be permitted with our prior written consent.
All trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
Copyright 2012©ISA S.R.L. Italy –All rights reserved.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 7 of 145
SHO RT FOREWORD
Dear T1000 PLUS user,
I often wondered why the user’s manual is not very much
used, even if it includes valuable information. As me too I am
a user of such manuals, the answer I have given myself is that
valuable information are concealed somewhere in the thick
thing, and I do not have time to waste to find it. So, either the
manual is actually of help, or I ignore it.
This is why I decided to split the T1000 PLUS manual in three:
specification, with all performance details; application manual,
with instructions about how to use it one its operation is
understood; introductory guide, with the device description
and basic information. The idea is that you may read once the
introductory guide or the specification, while you need to
follow application examples more than once; so, why not to
split the manual in three?
Have a good work with T1000 PLUS!
Primo Lodi
Q&A Manager

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 8 of 145
SAFETY AT WO RK
The Product hereafter described is manufactured and
tested according to the specifications, and when used for
normal applications and within the normal electrical and
mechanical limits will not cause hazard to health and safety,
provided that the standard engineering rules are observed
and that it is used by trained personnel only.
The application guide is published by the Seller to be used
together with the Product described in the corresponding
document. The Seller reserves the right to modify the guide
without warning, for any reason. This includes also but not
only, the adoption of more advanced technological solutions
and modified manufacturing procedures, and also the addition
of other features, not available in the first release.
The Seller declines any difficulties arising from unknown
technical problems. The Seller declines also any responsibility
in case of modification of the Product or of any intervention
not authorized by the Seller in writing.
The warranty includes the repair time and the materials
necessary to restore the complete efficiency of the Product;
so, it does not include other burdens, such as the transport
and customs fee. Under no circumstances the warrantee
includes any cost that the User may have suffered because of
the Product unavailability and downtime.
The Product is CE marked, and has been tested to operate
according to EN 61010-1, with the following operating
conditions:
. Pollution degree 2: normally, non conductive pollution
occurs;
. Measurement category 2, for measurement inputs.
Would the test set be used beyond these limits, the
safety of the test set could be impaired.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 9 of 145
Mains supply characteristics are:
. Voltage: 230 AC, 50-60 Hz, or 110 VAC, 50-60 Hz;
. Power consumption: 1 kW maximum.
. The symbol
!
is related to dangerous input or
output, and is located close to the following points:
- Outputs: main 0-250 V AC (500 V for E model); auxiliary 0-
250 V AC (500 V for E model); auxiliary 20 –260 V DC;
- Inputs: AC voltage measurement (up to 600 V); START and
STOP Inputs (up to 250 V); resistors (up to 250 V).
. The symbol is located closet o the round socket.
. The symbol is located close to the mains supply
socket, that incorporates the protection fuse.
The Product generates voltages and currents that may be
lethal to the unadvertised user. Besides, in order to avoid any
danger in case of fault inside the Product, the device under
test should have the following characteristics:
. Connection cables must use safety banana sockets;
. Connection sockets must be not accessible;
. Input circuits must have an isolation degree at least equal to
the one of the product.
DO NOT OPERATE THE PRODUCT IF NOT CONNECTED TO
GROUND: BECAUSE OF FILTER CAPACITORS, THE CASE
WOULD GROW TO A VOLTAGE EQUAL TO THE HALF OF
THE SUPPLY, I.E. 110 V (or 55 V). BESIDES, IN THIS
SITUATION THERE IS NO FILTERING AGAINST
COMMON-MODE NOISE COMING FROM THE MAINS: THIS
CAN CAUSE SUDDEN FAULTS. THIS TYPE OF FAULTS IS
NOT COVERED BY THE WARRANTY.
The connection to ground is provided through the mains
supply cable; however, for added safety, the Product should
be connected to ground using the dedicated socket.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 10 of 145
IF THE GROUND IS NOT AVAILABLE AT THE MAINS
SUPPLY, CONNECT THE TEST SET TO GROUND USING
THE DEDICATED SOCKET.
In case of doubt, please contact your Seller. The Seller, and
Manufacturer, declines any and all responsibility due to
improper usage, or any usage outside the specified limits.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 11 of 145
INTRODU CT ION
The single phase relay test set mod. T1000 PLUS is suited for
the testing and adjustments of the following types of relays;
the table lists also the paragraph that explains the test
procedure.
Type of relay
IEEE code
PARAGRAPH
- Distance*
21
1.12
- Synchronizing
25
1.8
- Over/under-voltage
27 - 59
1.2
- Power, varmetric or
wattmetric
32 - 92
1.4
- Under current
37
1.1
- Loss of field
40
1.10
- Reverse phase current
46
1.4
- Instantaneous overcurrent
50
1.1
- Ground fault
50N
1.1
- Timed overcurrent
51
1.1
- Power factor
55
1.4
- Directional overcurrent
67
1.5
- Directional ground fault
67N
1.5
- Automatic reclose
79
1.11
- DC voltage
80
1.3
- Frequency
81
1.6
- Frequency rate of change
81
1.7
- Motor protection
86
1.1
- Differential **
87
1.1
- Directional voltage
91
1.5
- Tripping relay
94
1.9
- Voltage regulation
1.2
- Thermal
1.1
- Timers
1.9
* For distance relays three T1000 PLUS are necessary.
** Differential starter circuit. With T1000 PLUS and D1000 or
with the TD1000 PLUS model, it is possible to test the
characteristic.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 12 of 145
In addition to the above, T1000 PLUS can test:
. Converters: V; I; φ°; p.f.; W; VAr; f., both 0 to 5 and 4 to
20 mA.
. Energy meters, single phase or three phase.
The instrument contains three separate generators:
. Main generator, which generates either AC current, AC
voltage; DC voltage;
. Auxiliary AC voltage generator, that generates an
independent, phase shifting AC voltage;
. Auxiliary DC voltage generator, that generates the DC
voltage that feeds the relay under test.
All outputs are adjustable and metered at the meantime on
the large, graphic LCD display. With the multi-purpose knob
and the LCD display it is possible to enter the MENU mode that
allows setting many functions, which make T1000 PLUS a very
powerful testing device, with manual and semi-automatic
testing capabilities, and with the possibility to transfer test
results to a PC via the USB interface. These results can be
recorded, displayed and analyzed by the powerful TDMS
software, which operates with all WINDOWS versions, and
allows creating a data base of all tests in the plant.
The basic T1000 PLUS function is to generate current and
voltages and to stop generation as the relay trips. Test results
are kept in memory, and can be transferred to a PC at a later
time, along with settings.
The ease of operation has been the first goal of T1000 PLUS:
this is why the LCD is graphic, and so large. With it, the
dialogue in MENU mode is made easy. Besides, all T1000 PLUS
outputs are continuously measured, and output values are
displayed, with no extra effort to the operator. Also the show
waveform feature can be of help: any doubt about strange
measurements, distortion and so on can be solved.
This is also why we have added the reduced power feature.
Modern relays have a very low burden. As current output is a
low impedance voltage generator, adjusting low currents
and/or current on low burdens is quite difficult because one
has to operate at the very beginning of the adjustment knob.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 13 of 145
In this situation it is possible to connect resistors in series;
however, one must be careful not to exceed the maximum
current rating, and the wiring is more complicated. The
solution to this problem is just to reduce the available power:
this is easily performed via the multi-function knob. With less
power, the maximum voltage is reduced by a factor of 4.4; the
adjustment span on the knob is increased accordingly.
Additional features are:
. Two meters, current and voltage, with independent inputs,
allow measuring T1000 PLUS outputs or any other source;
. Two auxiliary contacts, that switch at test start, and reset
with STOP input, allows simulating the circuit breaker;
. A set of resistors allows easing output adjustment.
The instrument is housed in a transportable aluminum box,
that is provided with removable cover and handles for ease of
transportation.
NOTE: WINDOWS is a trademark of MICROSOFT inc.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 14 of 145
1 A PP LIC AT I ON E X AM PL ES
In this paragraph, and the following ones, we describe how to
operate to test the relay. The description of why we operate
this way and of which are test set features are given in the
following chapters. So, read the following chapters the first
time you use T1000 PLUS, and then, once learned about it,
apply what you learned as follows.
The following examples include all information related to the
test. As a consequence, there is repetition passing from one
test to the next; however, we preferred to arrange the manual
so that it was not necessary to read other paragraphs than the
relevant one.
The first general comment is that when you save the result,
following data are always saved:
. Main current, or main AC voltage, or main DC voltage,
according to the selection performed with the push-button
(57);
. Auxiliary AC voltage;
. Auxiliary DC voltage;
. Timing.
If other measurements are selected by the menu, they will
also be saved along with these data.
As a consequence, there will be test results that can be not
relevant for the test: for instance, Vaux when the relay is an
over-current one.
The second comment is about saving test results. Before
performing a test, it is important to program the test
header, that includes the following information:
Plant name;
Operator;
Serial number (of the relay under test);
Model/manufacturer (of the relay under test);
Feeder (protected by the relay).
The header is found selecting Results > Header.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 15 of 145
All tests performed after setting the header will be grouped
together: the TDMS software will group them together, and
will allow to show test results with a single result table and
diagram. Once a relay has been tested, it is important to
change at least the relay serial number, so that results of
different relays are not mixed together. If a relay has more
than one curve, it is possible to give different headers, just by
adding a suffix letter to the serial number.
Once selected the Header, the following window is displayed.
The operation to input the header is the following.
After having entered, if you move the knob it will move
between: arrow up; Plant name; arrow down, Return.
If you press the arrow up or down, you will scroll
through: Plant name, Operator, Serial number,
Model/manuf., Feeder.
Once you have reached the desired description, select
it and press: the description goes in reverse, and you
can edit it.
The editor is performed as follows. If you turn the
knob, it will reach a number of selections in the bottom,
and then the line with the alphabet letters; at the end
of this, there is a double arrow, that, if pressed,
replaces letters with digits.
The input is performed reaching for a letter with the
knob, and pressing it: the letter is copied into the
description. After the letters, you can select also: /_., .
Commands on the bottom line are: Delete the letter
after the cursor; Delete all the description; move one
letter left; move one letter right; OK, to be pressed at
the end of the editing, before going to another
description.
At the end of all editing, press the return arrow.
During a test, results can be memorized selecting Test
control > Save. Four selections are available:

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 16 of 145
Don’t save;
Automatic at trip;
Confirm at trip;
Manual.
With the selection Automatic at trip, data are immediately
saved as soon as the relay trips: this is to be selected when a
series of ON+TIME tests are performed.
With the selection Confirm at trip, as soon as the relay trips it
is possible to save data pressing MENU and then Yes: this is to
be selected when you are adjusting parameters and you want
to be sure to save the correct data. Save is performed both in
ON mode and in ON+TIME mode.
With the selection Manual, it is possible to save data at any
time, pressing MENU and then Yes, even if the relay did not
trip. As already explained, a threshold is verified with two
tests: with a value the relay trips, with a slightly different
value the relay does not trip. This is to be selected when you
are looking for the no-trip limit of a threshold.
Once results are saved, it is possible to review or to delete
them with the command Results > Show results. The
display shows the list of the relay serial numbers, followed by
the number of tests performed with the same header.
Pressing on the relay serial number you access a window with:
Plant name, Serial number, operator. You can: return, delete
escape. Pressing Delete, a confirmation message is displayed.
Pressing Yes, all results are deleted; pressing No, you return
to the results list.
If you go to the number of tests and press, tests are shown
one after the other, as they have been recorded. Here you can
read the results, and delete the ones that you want, after
confirmation.
1.1 OVERCURRENT RELAY TESTING
1.1.1. Introduction

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 17 of 145
There are many families of time-dependent overcurrent relays.
Appendix 1 gives information about how to design the nominal
curve, staring from the setting parameters.
For the test of undercurrent relays, the following notes are to
be used the other way round: the drop-off test becomes the
threshold test; the threshold test becomes the drop-off test.
The following is the connection schematic.
1.1.2. Connection to current outputs
. Power-on T1000 PLUS, acting on switch (2): the internal light
turns on.
. Set the current adjustment knob (6) completely counter-
clockwise.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 18 of 145
. If you wish to use the DC voltage output to supply the relay
under test, press the button (69), then use knob (20) to
adjust the voltage value, that is displayed on the LCD display
(23). Connect the DC supply input of the relay to sockets (63).
. Connect the relay to the two main current output sockets
(13) that correspond to the current to be generated. For the
sake of accuracy and ease of adjustment, select the smallest
range greater that the desired current.
. Connect the TRIP output to the STOP input.
. Select the connection socket measurement pressing the
push-button (57): the LED turns on. This enables current
output measurement. WARNING: if you do not select the
output socket, the test displays false current or voltage values.
. Select ON and check if you can easily adjust the desired
current, acting on knob (6). If the current is reached with a
rotation less than one fifth of the total, this means that the
burden is very low. In this instance, reduce the output power
with the following menu commands:
Test control > Test power > 60 VA > ESC
The 60 VA LED turns on. Select ON again, and check that the
desired current can be reached with ease of adjustment; if the
current is not reached, go back and select 300 VA.
. Next steps depend upon the type of relay and upon the type
of test you want to perform. The following example applies to
an overcurrent relay with a time-dependent curve and one (or
more) time-independent threshold. Of this relay we want to
find and save trip and drop-off thresholds, and also the time-
dependent curve.

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 19 of 145
. Set the save function, as follows.
Test control > Save > Confirm at trip > ESC
. Set the timer with the following selections:
Timer start/stop > START > INT (RET)
STOP > EXT > Clean (Voltage) (RET)
Edge ESC
NOTE: stop clean or voltage according to the relay trip contact
connections.
1.1.3. I> Threshold and drop-off
The first session is finding threshold I>. Select ON; slowly
increase the current. As the relay trips, pressing the multi-
function knob tripping values can be saved. The TRIP LED (43)
turns on for 5 seconds; during 5 seconds, parameters at trip
are displayed; then, the standard measurement is restored.
Confirm save results pressing the multi-function knob, and
proceed.
NOTE: stored value is the current as the relay trips. This
corresponds to the relay threshold only if the current did not
change very much while the relay timing elapsed, so current
should be increased quite slowly. A more accurate threshold
I (I/IN)

DOC. MIE91093 Rev. 1.34 Page 20 of 145
measurement can be found if the starter contact is available.
If threshold measurement was not good because you were
moving too fast, do not confirm test results and repeat the
test.
Next, we find the drop-off threshold for I>.
From the trip current above, slowly decrease the current; as
the relay resets, save test result.
NOTE: stored value is the current as the relay resets; as reset
timing is usually very short, current does not change very
much at drop-off, and the measurement is accurate.
1.1.4. I>> Threshold and drop-off
The second session is finding threshold I>>. The problem is
that the test result criterion is no more to find the limit
between no trip and trip; it is instead to find the limit between
two different timings: what we have shown as t>, for currents
less than I>>, and t>> for currents more than I>>. There are
many ways to perform the test; we suggest taking advantage
of the Timed generation option, as follows.
. Start from a current more than I>; select ON+TIME, and
check for time response. Take note of the timing t>. Compute
tmax as 80% of t>.
. Set the Timed test, as follows.
Test control > Fault injection > Timed > tmax (RET)
. Select ON+TIME, and start the test: the test goes OFF with
no message. Slowly increase the test current, until the relay
trips within tmax: this is the threshold; pressing the multi-
function knob tripping values can be saved.
NOTE: stored value is the current as the relay trips. This
corresponds to the relay threshold only if the current did not
change very much while the relay timing elapsed; however,
for this threshold the timing is short, so the measurement is
accurate.
Next, we find the drop-off threshold for I>> NOTE: this
parameter can be found only if there is a separate trip for the