Kaco Powador 10.0 TL3 User manual

Operating Instructions
English Version
Powador
. TL
. TL
. TL

Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
 General Notes............................................ 
. About this documentation.................................
. Design features.......................................................
 Safety .........................................................
. Intended use ............................................................
. Protection features................................................ 
. Standards and directives..................................... 
 Description ................................................
. How it works ............................................................
. Unit description ......................................................
 Technical Data ..........................................
. Electrical Data........................................................ 
. Mechanical Data....................................................
. Country-specic parameter settings ............ 
 Transportation and Delivery...................
. Delivery.....................................................................
. Transportation........................................................
 Mounting the Inverter............................ 
 Installing the Inverter............................. 
. Opening the connection area .........................
. Carrying out the electrical connection ........
. Connecting the interfaces ................................
. Sealing the connection area ............................
. Starting up the inverter......................................
 Conguration and Operation ................
. Controls....................................................................
. Initial start-up ........................................................
. Menu structure......................................................
. Monitor inverter....................................................
. Performing a software update........................ 
 Maintenance/Troubleshooting.............. 
. Visual inspection ..................................................
. Cleaning the inverter externally .....................
. Shutting down for maintenance
and troubleshooting...........................................
. Faults.........................................................................
. Messages on the display and
the “Fault” LED ..................................................... 
 Service...................................................... 
 Shutdown/Disassembly ..........................
. Shutting down the inverter.............................. 
. Deinstalling the inverter.................................... 
. Dismantling the inverter.................................... 
 Disposal ................................................... 
. Unit............................................................................
. Packaging................................................................
 Documents .............................................. 
. EU Declaration of Conformity .........................
. VDEW Declaration of Conformity...................
. Safety Certicate (German:
“Unbedenklichkeitsbescheinigung”)............
 Appendix .................................................
Operating Instructions
for Installers and Operators
Powador
. TL
. TL
. TL
Contents

General Notes
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
 General Notes
. About this documentation
WARNING
Improper handling of the inverter can be hazardous
›You must read and understand the operating instructions before you can install and use the
inverter safely.
.. Other Applicable Documents
During installation, observe all assembly and installation instructions for components and other parts of the system.
These instructions are delivered together with the respective components and other parts of the system.
Some of the documents which are required for registering and approving your photovoltaic (PV) system are
included with the operating instructions.
.. Retention of documents
These instructions and other documents must be stored near the system and be available whenever they are
needed.
. Design features
.. Symbols used in this document
General hazard symbol Risk of re or explosion
High voltage Risk of burns
Authorised electrician The tasks indicated with this symbol may only be carried out by an authorised
electrician.
.. Description of safety instructions
DANGER
Imminent danger
Failure to observe this warning will lead directly to serious bodily injury or death.
WARNING
Potential danger
Failure to observe this warning may lead to serious bodily injury or death.
CAUTION
Low-risk hazard
Failure to observe this warning will lead to minor or moderate bodily injury.

General Notes
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
CAUTION
Hazard with risk of property damage
Failure to observe this warning will lead to property damage.
.. Description of additional information
NOTICE
Useful information and notes
DE Country-specic function
Functions restricted to one or more countries are labelled with country codes in accordance with
ISO -.
.. Description of action instructions
a) One-step actions or actions that can be carried out in any sequence:
Action instructions
↻Prerequisite(s) for your action(s) (optional)
Carry out action.
(Additional actions, if applicable)
» Result of your action(s) (optional)
b) Multi-step action instructions that must be carried out in a xed sequence:
Action instructions
↻Prerequisite(s) for your actions (optional)
. Carry out action.
. Carry out action.
. (Additional actions, if applicable)
» Result of your actions (optional)
.. Abbreviations
PV Photovoltaics
EEG German Renewable Energies Act
MPP Maximum power point (point of the current-voltage
diagram of a PV generator at which the maximum amount
of power can be drawn)
Colour codes (in accordance with IEC 60757)
BK Black
BN Brown
BU Blue
GNYE Yellow-green
GY Grey

Safety
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
 Safety
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and leads of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched o and disconnected.
Severe injuries or death if the leads and/or terminals in the inverter are touched.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open, install and
maintain the inverter.
›Keep the inverter closed when the unit is in operation.
›Do not touch the leads and/or terminals when switching the unit on and o.
›Do not make any modications to the inverter.
The electrician is responsible for observing all existing standards and regulations.
• Keep unauthorized persons away from the inverter and PV system.
• Be sure to observe IEC --: (“Requirements for special installations or locations – solar photovoltaic
(PV) power supply systems”) in particular.
• Ensure operational safety by providing proper grounding, conductor dimensioning and appropriate protection
against short circuiting.
• Observe the safety instructions on the inverter and in these operating instructions.
• Switch o all voltage sources and secure them against being inadvertently switched back on before performing
visual inspections and maintenance.
• When taking measurements while the inverter is live:
–Do not touch the electrical connections.
–Remove all jewellery from your wrists and ngers.
–Ensure that the testing equipment is in safe operating condition.
• Stand on an insulated surface when working on the inverter while it is switched on.
• Modications to the surroundings of the inverter must comply with the applicable national and local standards.
• When working on the PV generator, it is also necessary to switch o the DC voltage with the DC disconnector in
addition to disconnecting the PV generator from the grid.
. Intended use
The inverter converts the DC voltage generated by the PV modules into AC voltage and leads this into the grid
feed-in. The inverter is built according to the state of the art and recognised safety regulations. Nevertheless,
improper use may cause lethal hazards for the operator or third parties, or may result in damage to the unit and
other property.
Operate the inverter only with a permanent connection to the public power grid.
Any other or additional use is not considered the intended use. This includes:
• Mobile use
• Use in rooms where there is a risk of explosion
• Use in rooms where the humidity is higher than %
• Operation outside of the specication intended by the manufacturer
• Standalone operation.

Safety
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
. Protection features
For your safety, the following monitoring and protective functions are integrated into Powador inverters:
• Overvoltage conductors/varistors to protect the power semiconductors from high-energy transients on the
grid and generator side
• Temperature monitoring of the heat sink
• EMC lters to protect the inverter from high-frequency grid interference
• Grid-side grounded varistors to protect the inverter against burst and surge pulses
• Islanding detection according to VDE --
. Standards and directives
The inverter is labelled with the CE mark. The inverter complies with the following standards and directives:
//EC
“Directive relating to electrical
equipment designed for use within
certain voltage limits”
Safety of the unit IEC 62109-1:2010
//EC
Directive relating to
electromagnetic
compatibility
Interference immunity EN 61000-6-1:2007
EN 61000-6-2:2005
Emitted interference EN 61000-6-3:2007
EN 61000-6-4:2007
Secondary eects
on the grid
EN 61000-3-2:2006
EN 61000-3-3:2008
Directive for connection and
parallel operation
of in-system generation on the
low-voltage grid
. edition 
Grid monitoring DIN V VDE V --:-
NOTICE
The declaration of conformity can be found in the appendix.

Description
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
 Description
. How it works
The inverter converts the DC voltage generated by the PV modules into AC voltage and leads this into the grid
feed-in. The feed-in process begins when there is sucient irradiance and a specic minimum voltage is present
in the inverter. If, as nightfall approaches, the voltage drops below the minimum voltage value, feed-in mode ends
and the inverter switches o.
. Unit description
.. Powador inverter as part of a PV system
... System layout
Figure : Overview circuit diagram for a system with two inverters
KWhKWh
PV generator PV generator
Powador with
DC disconnect
Powador with
DC disconnect
Fuse Fuse
Apartment
Feed-in meterReference
meter
Main switch
Building
connection
Selective main switch

Description
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
... A summary of the components
PV generator
The PV generator, i.e. the PV modules, converts the radiant energy of sunlight into electrical energy.
DC terminal point
Variants of parallel connection of several generator strings:
• To a DC terminal point between the DC generator and inverter
• Directly to the inverter (plug connectors for  (x) strings are provided on the inverter)
• Directly to the PV generator with a positive and negative lead to the inverter
DC disconnect
Use the DC disconnector to disconnect the inverter from all power sources on the PV generator side.
Line fuses
NEOZED fuses are suitable.
Feed-in meter
The feed-in meter is specied and installed by the power supply company. Some power supply companies also
allow the installation of your own calibrated meters.
Selective main switch
If you have questions about the selective main switch, contact your power supply company.
.. Design of the inverter
1
2
3
4
5
6
Figure : Design of the inverter
Key
1 Operator panel 4 Connection board
2 Cover for the connection area 5 USB interface
3 DC disconnect 6 Mounting plate

Description
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
.. Electrical functions
... Fault signal relay
A potential-free relay contact is integrated in the inverter. The contact closes as soon as there is a fault during
operation.
For the connection, see section . on page .
DE Country-specic function
... Fault signal relay/Relay 
A potential-free relay contact is integrated in the inverter. Use this contact for one of the following
functions:
• Fault signal relay (see above)
• Relay 
Relay 
The new version of the EEG includes compensation for personal consumption of self-generated PV
energy for plants up to  kWp. The energy that is provided by the PV system can be put to use
directly by the appliances that are connected in your home. In “Relay ” mode, the potential-free
contact takes care of this function.
The contact closes if sucient PV energy is made available over a period of  minutes. When the
contact closes, a visual or acoustic signal is emitted, e.g. from a signal lamp or siren (optional).
Activation of the function (optional)
The “Relay 33” function is not active in the unit's delivery state. You can obtain the password for the
function from your specialist dealer. The electrician then activates the function in the conguration
menu (see section 8.3 on page 33).
R switch (optional)
The potential-free contact switches larger appliances (e.g. air conditioning units) on and o.
This requires an external power supply (max.  V DC) and an external load relay.
You obtain both as an R33 switch from your specialist dealer.
DE Country-specic function
... Power limitation (power control)
Since //, the German Renewable Energies Act (EEG) requires power limitation for systems
> kW. This limit value can be exceeded in a unit group of several inverters. Therefore, each inverter
must have an option for limiting power, even if this is not needed in a system that is smaller than
 kW.
In KACO new energy GmbH inverters, this power reduction is achieved using a ripple control receiver.
The power supply company can reduce the power of the system remotely, if necessary, using an
additional device from the Powador proLOG family. The Powador-proLOG activates this function,
which is already integrated in the inverter. After a specied period of time without any signal from
the power supply company, the inverter returns to normal operation. For information about
Powador-proLOG, contact your specialist dealer.
Levels of AC power reduction Inverter action
100% Normal feed-in operation
60% Limitation of power to 60%
30% Limitation of power to 30%
0% Disconnection from the grid

Description
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
DE MSp. Country-specic function
... Frequency-dependent power reduction
Frequency-dependent power reduction in accordance with the BDEW Medium Voltage Directive
(“Mittelspannungsrichtlinie”) is activated for units that are operated with Germany as the country
setting and medium voltage as the grid type.
Data relating to power reduction:
Start of power reduction 50.2 Hz The current power is “frozen” and used to
calculate the power reduction.
Overfrequency shutdown 51.5 Hz The inverter shuts down.
Underfrequency shutdown 47.5 Hz The inverter shuts down.
Gradient 40%/1 Hz 40% power reduction per
1 Hz frequency increase
f [Hz]
P
50,2 51,2
51,5
100%
48%
60%
1Hz
40%
50,05
Figure : Frequency-dependent power reduction
After the reduction of power by the grid operator, the inverter is in the power reduction operating
state (status ). The display shows no other values. The active power must not be increased again
until a frequency of f ≤ . Hz is reached again.

Description
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
IT Country-specic function
... Self-test in accordance with ENEL grid connection guide, Ed. .
NOTICE
The tests should, if necessary, be conducted by the gird operator You activate the self test in the
parameter menu during feed-in operation (see section . on page ). The self-test presumes that
the inverter is already feeding into the grid, so that the shutdown condition can be simulated.
Do not press the control keys of the inverter during the self-test.
Mode of operation of the shutdown test:
The stored undervoltage cut-o limit is increased by means of a software ramp function. The ramp
function has a gradient of  V/s. The software increases the undervoltage cut-o limit for as long as
the inverter is feeding into the grid. As soon as the inverter switches o, the software automatically
calculates the cut-o limit. The calculated cut-o limit, as well as the cut-o time and the type of test,
are transmitted via the RS interface to a terminal program. The subsequent overvoltage shutdown
test is started automatically. This test runs according to the same design as the undervoltage shut-
down test.
Frequency is also measured with the procedure described here. In this case, a software ramp function
with a gradient of . Hz/s is used. The result of the entire test is sent to the terminal program at the
end of the test, as well as being in the display of the inverter. If a test fails, the entire test is cancelled
and a corresponding message is issued. The test can subsequently be repeated.
KACO recommends the Tera Term terminal program This software, oered as freeware, is able to
output the results of the shutdown test in a text le. A PDF le that also contains a date and time
stamp can then be created from this text le.
The self test runs automatically and can last several minutes. After the self test nishes successfully,
the unit restores the previously set switch-o values. The inverter automatically starts the feed-in
process.
.. Mechanical components
... DC disconnect
The DC disconnect is located on the bottom side of the inverter housing. The DC disconnect is used to disconnect
the inverter from the PV generator in order to carry out service.
Disconnecting the inverter from the PV generator
Switch the DC disconnect from  (ON) to  (OFF).
Connecting the inverter to the PV generator
Switch the DC disconnect from  (OFF) to  (ON).

Description
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
.. Interfaces
The inverter oers the following interfaces for communication and remote monitoring:
• RS interface
• Ethernet interface
• USB interface
• S interface
You congure the interfaces and the web server in the conguration menu (see section . on page ).
... RS interface
Use this monitoring variant if you cannot check the function of the system on-site on a regular basis, e.g. if your
place of residence is located a great distance from the system. To connect the RS interface, contact your
authorised electrician.
For monitoring your PV system using the RS interface, KACO new energy GmbH oers the following units:
Powador-proLOG S to XL (optional)
Powador-proLOG allows you to monitor up to  inverters simultaneously. Depending on the product version,
Powador-proLOG sends yield and operating data by SMS or e-mail.
Powador-link RS (optional)
Use the Powador-link RS to bridge long distances between several inverters or between an inverter and the
Powador-proLOG by means of wireless radio transmission.
... Ethernet interface
The monitoring can occur directly on the unit using the integrated Ethernet interface. A local web server is installed
in the unit for this purpose.
For monitoring a system comprising several inverters, we recommend you use an external data logging and
monitoring system.
... USB interface
The USB connection of the inverter is a type A socket. It is located on the connection board on the underside of the
inverter under a cover. The USB connection is specied to draw  mA of power. Use the USB interface for reading
out stored operating data and loading software updates using a FAT-formatted USB stick.
... S interface
The S interface transmits pulses between a pulsing counter and a tari metering unit. It is a galvanically isolated
transistor output. It is designed according to DIN EN -:- (Pulse output devices for electromechanical
and electronic meters).
The S interface pulse rate can be chosen in three unit intervals (, , and , pulses/kWh).

Technical Data
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
 Technical Data
. Electrical Data
Input Levels 10.0 TL3 12.0 TL3 14.0 TL3
Max. PV generator power [W] 10 000 12 000 14 000
DC MPP range from [V] to [V] 350 ... 800
Operating range from [V] to [V] 200 ... 800*
Starting voltage [V] 250
Open circuit voltage [V] 1,000 (start to 1,000)
Max. input current [A] 2 x 18.6
Max. power per tracker [W] 9 200 10 200 12 800
Number of strings 2 x 2
Number of MPP controls 2
Polarity safeguard Short-circuit diode
DC overvoltage category II
* The possible input power is reduced at voltages lower than 350V. The input current is limited to 18.6 A per input.
Output Levels
Rated power [VA] 9 000 10 000 12 500
Max. power [VA] 9 000 10 000 12 500
Grid voltage [V] 400/230 (3/N/PE)
Rated current [A] 3 x 13.0 3 x 14.5 3 x 18.1
Max. current [A] 3 x 13.0 3 x 14.5 3 x 18.1
Rated frequency [Hz] 50 / 60
cos phi 0.80 inductive to 0.80 capacitive
Number of feed-in phases 3
Distortion factor [%] 5.5
AC overvoltage category III
General electrical data
Max. eciency [%] > 98.0
European eciency [%] > 97.0
Internal consumption: night [W] < 1.5
Feed-in starts at [W] 20
Circuit design Transformerless
Transformer unit No
Grid monitoring Country-specic
CE conformity Yes
Table 1: Electrical Data

Technical Data
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
. Mechanical Data
10.0 TL3, 12.0 TL3, 14.0 TL3
Display LCD graphical display, 3 LEDs
Controls 4-way key, 2 keys
Interfaces Ethernet, USB, RS485, S0
Fault signal relay Potential-free NO contact, 230 V/1A
Connections for AC PCB terminal PCB terminals inside the unit (max. cross section:
16 mm² exible, 10 mm² rigid)
Connections for AC cable connection Cable connection via M32 cable tting
DC connections 8 (2 x 4) MC-4-compatible plug connections
Connection for Ethernet cable connection Cable connection via M25 cable tting
Optional DC connection -
Ambient temperature range [°C] -25 ... 50
Humidity range (non-condensing) [%] 0 ... 95
Maximum installation elevation [m above sea level] 2 000
Temperature monitoring Yes
Cooling (free convection (K)/fan (L)) L
Protection rating according to EN 60529 IP65
Degree of contamination 2
Noise emission [dB(A)] < 45/noiseless without fan operation
DC disconnect Built-in
Housing Cast aluminium
H x W x D [mm] Approx. 690 x 420 x 200
Total weight [kg] < 40
Table 2: Mechanical Data

Technical Data
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
. Country-specic parameter settings
Grid
voltage range
[V]
Grid voltage
according
to EN 50160
[V]
Standard
frequency
range
[Hz]
Switch-on
time after
restart*
[s]
Restart time
after feed-in
power that is
too low*
[s]
Restart
time after
fault*
[s]
DE 190 ... 264 253 47.5 ... 50.2 > 60 > 180 > 30
ES 196 ... 254 - 49.0 ... 51.0 > 180 > 180 > 180
IT 190 ... 264 - 49.7 ... 50.3 > 180 > 180 > 30
FR 190 ... 264 253 49.5 ... 50.5 > 60 > 180 > 30
CY 208 ... 252 - 49.5 ... 50.5 > 180 > 180 > 180
GR 190 ... 264 - 49.5 ... 50.5 > 180 > 180 > 180
KR 194 ... 242 - 59.7 ... 60.3 > 360 > 360 > 360
CZ 196 ... 252 253 47.0 ... 51.0 > 60 > 180 > 30
PT 196 ... 264 253 47.0 ... 51.0 > 60 > 180 > 30
BG 196 ... 264 - 47.0 ... 51.0 > 60 > 180 > 30
* approx. values
Table 3: Country-specic parameter settings

Transportation and Delivery
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
 Transportation and Delivery
. Delivery
Every inverter leaves our factory in proper electrical and mechanical condition. Special packaging ensures that they
are transported safely. The shipping company is responsible for any transport damage that occurs.
Scope of delivery
•  Powador inverter
•  wall bracket
•  installation kit
•  documentation set
Checking your delivery
. Thoroughly inspect your inverter.
. Immediately notify the shipping company in case of the following:
–Damage to the packaging that indicates that the inverter may have been damaged
–Obvious damage to the inverter
. Immediately send a damage report to the shipping company.
The damage report must be delivered to the shipping company in writing within six days following receipt of the
inverter. We will be glad to help you, if necessary.
. Transportation
WARNING
Impact hazard, risk of breakage to the inverter
›Securely pack the inverter for transport.
›Carefully transport the inverter using the the carrying handles of the pallet.
›Do not subject the inverter to shocks.
For safe transportation of the inverter, use the holding openings in the carton.
Figure : Transportation of the inverter

Mounting the Inverter
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
Authorised electrician
 Mounting the Inverter
DANGER
Risk of fatal injury from re or explosions
Fire caused by ammable or explosive materials in the vicinity of the inverter can lead to serious
injuries.
›Do not mount the inverter in an area at risk of explosion or in the vicinity of highly ammable
materials.
CAUTION
Risk of burns from hot housing components.
Coming into contact with the housing can cause burns.
›Mount the inverter so that it cannot be touched unintentionally.
Installation space
• As dry as possible, climate-controlled, with the waste heat dissipated away from the inverter
• Unobstructed air circulation
• When installing the unit in a control cabinet, provide forced ventilation so that the heat is suciently dissipated
• Easily accessible from the front and sides
• Protected from direct sunshine outdoors
• For easy operation, ensure during installation that the display is slightly below eye level.
Wall
• With sucient load-bearing capacity
• Accessible for installation and maintenance
• Made from heat-resistant material (up to °C)
• Flame resistant
• Minimum clearance during installation: see Fig.  on page  and Fig.  on page .
CAUTION
Use suitable mounting xtures.
›Only use the supplied mounting xtures.
›Mount the inverter upright on a vertical wall only.
NOTICE
Power reduction due to heat accumulation.
If the recommended minimum clearances are not observed, the inverter can have power regulation
and a protective shutdown due to insucient ventilation and the associated heat
›Maintain minimum clearances.
›Provide for sucient heat dissipation.

Mounting the Inverter
Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN Page 
Authorised electrician
1386
405
260
565
1120
328
Figure : Instructions for wall mounting Figure : Drill stencil for wall mounting with
minimum clearances (in mm)
1
2
3
4
5
Figure : Minimum clearances/mounting plate
Key
1 Fixings for mounting 4 Detachment protector
2 Mounting plate 5 Suspension brackets (back of housing)
3 Screws for mounting

Installing the Inverter
Page  Operating Instructions Powador . TL, . TL, . TL_EN
Authorised electrician
Mounting the inverter
. Mark the positions of the drill holes using the cut-outs in the mounting plate.
NOTICE: The minimum clearances between two inverters, or the inverter and the ceiling/oor have already
been taken into account in the drawing.
. Fix mounting plate to the wall with the supplied mounting xtures.
Make sure that the mounting plate is oriented correctly.
. Hang the inverter on the mounting plate using the suspension brackets on the back of the housing.
. Fix the inverter with the enclosed screws to the detachment protector at the connection area.
» The mounting of the inverter is complete. Continue with the installation.
 Installing the Inverter
DANGER
Lethal voltages are still present in the terminals and leads of the inverter even after the
inverter has been switched o and disconnected.
Severe injuries or death if the leads and terminals in the inverter are touched.
Only authorised electricians who are approved by the supply grid operator may open and install the
inverter.
The inverter must be mounted in a xed position before being connected electrically.
›Observe all safety regulations and the currently applicable technical connection specications of
the responsible power supply company.
›Disconnect the AC and DC sides.
›Secure them against being inadvertently switched back on.
›Assure that the AC and DC sides are completely voltage-free.
›Connect the inverter only after the aforementioned steps have been taken.
. Opening the connection area
Opening the connection area
↻You have mounted the inverter on the wall.
. Unscrew the four Torx screws on the front side of the connection cover (blue).
. Pull down the connection cover.
» Carry out the electrical connection.
. Carrying out the electrical connection
Make the connection to the PV generator via the plug connectors and the grid connection via the PCB terminals in
the connection area of the inverter. Maintain the following conductor cross-sections:
AC connection DC connection
Max. conductor cross-section without wire sleeves 16 mm² dependent on the plug that
is used
Max. conductor cross-section with wire sleeves 10 mm²
Length of insulation to be stripped o 10 mm