KERN KERN YDB-03 User manual

KERN & Sohn GmbH
Ziegelei 1
D-72336 Balingen
E-Mail: [e-mail]
Phone: +49-[0]7433- 9933-0
Fax: +49-[0]7433-9933-149
Internet: www.kern-sohn.com
Operating manual
Universal density determination set for
KERN Analytical balances
KERN YDB-03
Version 1.4
2021-03
GB
YDB-03-BA-e-2114

2 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
GB
KERN YDB-03
Version 1.42021-03
Operating manual
Universal density determination set for KERN Analytical
balances
Contents
1INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 SCOPE OF DELIVERY................................................................................................................. 5
2DIMENSION [MM].......................................................................................................................... 8
3PRINCIPLE OF DENSITY DETERMINATION............................................................................. 11
3.1 INFLUENCING MAGNITUDES AND ERROR SOURCES.................................................................... 12
4COMMISSIONING........................................................................................................................ 13
4.1 ALLOCATION LIST FOR ADAPTER AND COMPENSATION WEIGHTS ............................................... 14
4.2 PREPARING THE FRAME.......................................................................................................... 15
4.3 INSTALLATION........................................................................................................................ 16
4.3.1 How to prepare the weighing balance ............................................................................. 16
4.3.2 Installing the density determination set ........................................................................... 17
5DENSITY DETERMINATION OF SOLIDS................................................................................... 19
5.1 SERIES KERN ABS-N, ACS.................................................................................................. 19
5.1.1 Invoke mode for density determination of solid material ................................................. 19
5.1.2 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 22
5.1.3 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3) .................................................. 24
5.2 SERIES KERN TACS, TACJ ................................................................................................. 27
5.2.1 Parameter setting ............................................................................................................ 27
5.2.2 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 33
5.2.3 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3) .................................................. 35
5.3 SERIES KERN ABT............................................................................................................... 38
5.3.1 Invoke mode for density determination of solid material ................................................. 38
5.3.2 Enter density of the auxiliary liquid.................................................................................. 39
5.3.3 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 40
5.3.4 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3) .................................................. 41
5.4 SERIES KERN AES-C........................................................................................................... 43
5.4.1 Invoke mode for density determination of solid material ................................................. 43
5.4.2 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 46
5.4.3 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3): ................................................. 47
5.5 SERIES KERN ALS-A ........................................................................................................... 48
5.5.1 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 48
5.5.2 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3): ................................................. 50

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 3
5.6 SERIES KERN ALT-B, TALJG-A, TALSG-A........................................................................ 51
5.6.1 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 51
5.6.2 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3): ................................................. 53
5.7 SERIES KERN AET ............................................................................................................... 54
5.7.1 Invoke mode for density determination of solid material and enter parameters of the
auxiliary liquid ............................................................................................................................... 55
5.7.2 Determine density of sinking solid bodies (d >1 g/cm3)................................................... 58
5.7.3 Determine density of floating solid bodies (d <1 g/cm3) .................................................. 60
5.7.4 Log density determination................................................................................................ 61
5.8 KERN ABP SERIES............................................................................................................... 63
5.8.1 Installing the density determination set ........................................................................... 63
5.8.2 Parameter setting ............................................................................................................ 64
5.8.3 Determining density of sinking solid bodies (d > 1 g/cm3)............................................... 69
5.8.4 Determining density of floating solid bodies (d < 1 g/cm3) .............................................. 71
5.9 KERN ADB /ADJ SERIES..................................................................................................... 74
6DETERMINING DENSITY OF LIQUIDS ...................................................................................... 75
6.1 DETERMINATION OF THE SINKER VOLUME ................................................................................ 75
6.2 SERIES KERN ABS-N, ABJ-NM, ACS, ACJ......................................................................... 76
6.2.2 Determining density of the test liquid............................................................................... 78
6.3 SERIES KERN TACS /TACJ................................................................................................. 81
6.3.1 Parameter setting ............................................................................................................ 81
6.3.2 Determining density of the test liquid............................................................................... 86
6.4 SERIES KERN ABT............................................................................................................... 89
6.4.2 Enter density of the sinker............................................................................................... 91
6.4.3 Determining density of the test liquid............................................................................... 92
6.5 SERIES KERN AES-C........................................................................................................... 93
6.5.2 Determining density of the test liquid............................................................................... 95
6.6 SERIES KERN ALS-A ........................................................................................................... 96
6.7 SERIES KERN ALT_B, TALJG-A, TALSG-A ....................................................................... 98
6.8 SERIES KERN AET............................................................................................................. 100
6.8.1 Call up density determination mode of liquids and enter sinker volume.............. 100
6.8.2 Determining density of the test liquid ....................................................................... 101
6.8.3 Log density determination.......................................................................................... 103
6.9 KERN ABP SERIES............................................................................................................. 105
6.9.1 Installing the density determination set ......................................................................... 105
6.9.2 Parameter setting .......................................................................................................... 106
6.9.3 Determination of the examined liquid density................................................................ 109
6.10 KERN ADB /ADJ SERIES................................................................................................... 111

4 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
7PRECONDITIONS FOR PRECISE MEASUREMENTS............................................................. 112
7.1 CALCULATION OF RESULTS .................................................................................................. 112
7.2 INFLUENCE FACTORS FOR MEASUREMENT ERRORS............................................................... 112
7.2.1 Air bubbles..................................................................................................................... 112
7.2.2 Solid body sample ......................................................................................................... 112
7.2.3 Liquids............................................................................................................................ 113
7.2.4 Surface........................................................................................................................... 113
7.2.5 Sinker for density determination of liquids..................................................................... 113
7.3 GENERAL INFORMATION ....................................................................................................... 113
7.3.1 Density / Relative Density.............................................................................................. 113
7.3.2 Drift of Balance Display ................................................................................................. 113
8DENSITY TABLE FOR LIQUIDS............................................................................................... 114
9USER INSTRUCTIONS.............................................................................................................. 115

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 5
1 Introduction
•In order to guarantee a safe and trouble-free operation, please
read carefully the operating instructions.
•These operating instructions only describe the operation of the
density determination set. For further information on how to
operate your balance please refer to the operating instructions
supplied with each balance.
1.1 Scope of delivery
Check packaging and density determination set immediately when unpacking for
possible visible damage.
Make sure that all parts are completely present.
Frame
Platform

6 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
Beaker
Universal immersion basket for
sinking and floating solid matter
Sinker
20 g stainless steel weight
Thermometer
Compensation weights
(3 pairs)

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 7
Adapter
(5 items)
Allen wrench + screw

8 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
2 Dimension [mm]
Frame

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 9
Universal immersion basket for floating and descending solid matter
Sample dish

10 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
Platform
Beaker

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 11
ρ =
A
A-B
o
ρ
ρ =
m
V
3 Principle of Density Determination
Three physical magnitudes are the volume and the mass of bodies as well as the
density of matter. In density mass and volume are related.
Density [ ρ] is the relation of mass [ m ] to volume [ V ].
SI-unit of density is kilogram divided by cubic meter (kg/m³). 1 kg/m³ equals the
density of a homogenous body that, for a mass of 1 kg, has the volume of 1 m³.
Additional frequently applied units include:
, ,
The application of this density determination set in combination with the KERN
analytical balances provides fast and safe density determination of solids and fluids.
Our set uses the "Principle of Archimedes" to determine density:
BUOYANCY IS A FORCE. IT AFFECTS A BODY THAT IS IMMERSED INTO A LIQUID. THE
BUOYANCY OF THE BODY EQUALS THE WEIGHT FORCE OF THE DISPLACED LIQUID. THE
FORCE OF BUOYANCY ACTS VERTICALLY UPWARDS.
Thus, density is calculated according to the formulae below:
To determine the density of solid matter
Our balances enable weighing of solids in air [ A ] as well as water [ B ]. If the density
of the buoyancy medium is known [ ρo ] the density of the solid [ ρ] is calculated as
follows:
ρ= Density of sample
A = Weight of the sample in air
B = Weight of the sample in the aid liquid
ρo = Density of the aid liquid
The air buoyancy is not considered in the formula.
1g
cm3
1kg
m3
1g
l

12 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
ρ = V
A-B L
ρ
+
Determining density of liquids
The density of a liquid is determined with the help of a sinker providing a known
volume [ V ]. The sinker is weighed in air [ A ] as well as in the test liquid [ B ].
According to the Archimedes’ Principle a body immersed in a liquid experiences a
force of buoyancy [ G ]. This force equals the weight force of the liquid displaced by
the volume of the body.
The volume [ V ] of the immersed body equals the volume of the displaced liquid.
G = buoyancy of sinker
Buoyancy of sinker =
Weight of the sinker in air [ A ] -weight of sinker in test liquid [ B ]
From this follows:
ρ= Density of test liquid
A = weight of sinker in air
B = weight of the sinkers in test liquid
V = volume of sinker
3.1 Influencing magnitudes and error sources
Air buoyancy
Temperature
Surface tension of the liquid
Adhesion of liquid on the wire
Air bubbles
Immersion depth of the sample dish or of the sinker
Porosity of the solid
ρ = G
V

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 13
4 Commissioning
The density determination set KERN YDB-03 can be used with the following series of
the KERN analytical balance:
KERN ABJ-N, ABS-NM
KERN ABP
KERN ABT
KERN ACS, ACJ
KERN TACS,TACJ
KERN ADB, ADJ
KERN AES-C, AEJ-NM
KERN AET
KERN ALS-A, ALJ-A
KERN ALT-B
KERN TALJG-A, TALSG-A

14 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
4.1 Allocation list for adapter and compensation weights
ABT ABS-N
ABJ-NM ACS/ACJ TACS/TACJ ALS-A ALJ-A ALT-B TALJG-A
TALSG-A
ABP
Adapter

ABT ABS-N
ABJ-NM ACS/ACJ TACS/TACJ ALS-A ALJ-A ALT-B TALJG-A
TALSG-A
ABP
Compensation
weights

Not
required 
AES-C, AEJ-CM AET ADB, ADJ
Adapter

Compensation
weights
AES-C, AEJ-CM AET 200-4NM
AET 500-4 AET 100-5M AET 200-5DM ADB, ADJ
Not
required Not required

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 15
4.2 Preparing the frame
Before the frame is placed on the balance, assemble the adapter belonging to the
scale, see allocation list chap. 4.1.
Use the Allen wrench and the screw included in the scope of delivery.

16 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
4.3 Installation
4.3.1 How to prepare the weighing balance
•If necessary, carry out necessary adjustment before installation of the density set.
•Correct adjustment is no longer possible after the density kit has been
installed.
•For reasons of adjustment, take away the density set and place the standard
weighing plate.
Disconnect scale from power supply.
Remove standard weighing plate and accessories such as screening ring and
weighing plate carrier.
Example of illustration KERN ABP Example of illustration KERN ABS-N / ACS /ABT

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 17
4.3.2 Installing the density determination set
Insert frame in the weighing compartment. The round opening above at the frame
has to point into the direction where the immersion basket is inserted from.
Put the supporting platform of the glass beaker through the frame on the weighing
compartment floor. Place it in a way that it does not touch the frame.
If necessary place compensation weights on the frame, see allocation list chap.
4.1. If when the balance is switched on, the error message „underload“ appears,
use only the compensation weights suitable for the respective balances.
Hang the immersion basket on the rack. Make sure that it is centred in the recess.
Close the glass doors. Connect the balance to the power supply and switch on.
Bring liquid and instruments to the right temperature until you achieve a constant
temperature. Observe the warm-up time of the balance.
To avoid corrosion, don't leave the density set immersed in liquid for a long time.

18 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
Example of illustration with installed density sets KERN YDB-03
Upper sample dish of the immersion basket
Frame
Beaker
Lower sifting bowl of immersion basket
Compensation weights
Platform

YDB-03-BA-e-2114 19
5 Density determination of solids
For the determination of the density of solids, the solid is first weighed in air and then
in the aid liquid, whose density is known. From the weight difference results the
buoyancy from where the software calculates the density.
As aid liquid, usually distilled water or ethanol is used, see density table chapter 8.
Preparation:
Install density determination set, see chap. 4.3.2
5.1 Series KERN ABS-N, ACS
5.1.1 Invoke mode for density determination of solid material
Turn on balance by pressing the ON/OFF key.

Call up menu:
In weighing mode press the MENU button twice.
Press the navigation buttons () repeatedly until „APL.FUNC“ is displayed.
Press the PRINT key.
Press the navigation buttons () repeatedly until „SG“ is displayed. To confirm,
press TARE, "SET" followed by your current setting will be displayed.

20 YDB-03-BA-e-2114
Press the cursor keys () repeatedly until “S.SG“ ("density determination solid
matter") is displayed.
Confirm with TARE. "SET" followed by the currently set auxiliary liquid
(e.g. water) is displayed.
Distilled water
Press the cursor keys () repeatedly until the desired auxiliary fluid is
displayed.
Select auxiliary fluid of your choice of known density
Ethanol
Methanol
To confirm, press TARE, "SET" followed by the display used to enter
"temperature auxiliary fluid" will appear.