Knauer Azura RID 2.1L User manual

Detector RID 2.1L
User Manual
V6750

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Table of Contents 3
Table of Contents
Note: For your own safety, read the manual and always observe the warnings and safety information on
the device and in the manual.
Product Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Device Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Functional Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Detector Design and Optical Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Calculating the Signal Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Flow Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Eluents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Safety for Users. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Signal Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Decontamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Location Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Scope of Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Unpacking the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Connecting the Leak Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Connecting the Capillaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Integrating the Detector into a System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Computer Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Configuring the LAN Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Connecting the Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Configuring the Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Integrating the LAN into a Company Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Controlling Several Systems Separately in a LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Setting a static IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Connector Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Connecting the Cables to the Terminal Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Integrator Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Meaning of the LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Autozero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Temperature Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Signal Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Time Constant & Data Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
LED Power Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Extended Dynamic Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Analog Output Scaling and Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
4TableofContents
GLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Starting the Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Flushing the Flow Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Activating the Standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Stopping the Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Functional Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Device Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Proceeding with Tasks after a Leak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
User Tasks and Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Checking the Calibration/Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Preparing for Storage or Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Legal Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Transport Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Warranty Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Warranty Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Repeat Orders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
HPLC Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Product Information 5
Product Information
The AZURA RID 2.1L is a sensitive and competitively priced differential
refractometer suitable for detecting compounds with litte or no UV activity
such as alcohols, sugars, lipids or polymers.
AZURA L features The RID 2.1L is a member in the AZURA L product line and shares a number
of common features:
Removable front cover, for optional device and/or operator protection;
Instrument stability through a large base area and low center of gravity;
Intelligent leak management consisting of a leak sensor and safe leak
handling;
LED device status indication;
Power connection and control connectors on rear of device.
Identification The device name RID 2.1L can be found on the front panel, above the serial
number. A silver sticker on the rear side displays the manufacturer name and
address, the product number and power supply specifications.
Safety symbols Pay particular attention to the warnings that are highlighted in the figures
below. The leak tray can carry a maximum of 500 g/0.5 kg. If any errors
require the opening of the housing, the device must be turned off in
advance. Use the main switch on the rear to turn the device on/off.
Note: Only trained service technicians are permitted to open the housing
and carry out maintenance on the interior components of the device.
Device Overview
Legend
1OUT port
2IN port
3LED panel with standby
key (see page 22)
4Leak tray
5Capillary guides
Fig. 1 front view
23
4
5
1

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
6 Product Information
Features
Optical bench The newly designed optical unit with advanced temperature control ensures
high sensitivity, fast baseline stabilization, and excellent reproducibility. Fur-
thermore, the long-life LED, and highly back pressure resistant flow cell
guarantee minimal maintenance.
Extended dynamic range Upon activating the extended dynamic range option, it is possible to
broaden the linear dynamic range.
Data rate The detector measures with a maximum data rate of 100 Hz. During the
measurement, 100 spectra per second are recorded.
Control This detector can be controlled with various Chromatography Data Systems
(OpenLAB® EZChrom Edition, ClarityChrom®, Chromeleon®, Purity-
Chrom® Bio and Mobile Control Chrom), as well as from an optional touch
display (Mobile Control), via LAN or through analog input/output, allowing
it to be integrated into almost any LC system.
GLP data The Mobile Control and supported software products can be used to display
or read out GLP data such as operating hours, light source operating hours,
etc. You can find a detailed description on how to display or read out GLP
data from your device in the respective user manuals.
Diagnostics Light intensity and balance, zero glass position and LED current can be eas-
ily monitored via the Mobile Control and supported software products to
ensure optimal working conditions for your analysis.
Legend
1Integrator output
2Service interface (USB)
3LAN and switch con-
nector 1
4LAN and switch con-
nector 2
5Multi-pin connector
6Connection and main
switch
Fig. 2 rear view
7Rear label
12 34
56
7

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Product Information 7
AZURA Neo The AZURA Neo electronic platform features:
A new microprocessor for faster device performance
New interfaces: dual IP stack with switch (for connecting AZURA devices
to one another) and LAN stack function, plus USB (internal USB to RS-
232) service interface.
Industrial standard 4–20 mA analog input (replacing 0–10 V input on the
previous electronic platform).
No external display support.
Functional Principle
When a ray of light passes from one medium into another the light is
refracted or bent depending on the light ray’s speed of light and the angle
of incidence. The extent to which a medium refracts light is its refractive
index (RI). Snell’s law of refraction expresses the relationship between the
angle of incidence and the angle of refraction.
Snell’s Law of refraction
where
α
1angle of incidence
α
2angle of refraction
c1speed of light in medium 1
c2speed of light in medium 2
n1refractive index in medium 1
n2refractive index in medium 2
nrelative refractive index
The refractive index of a medium depends on the wavelength of the light
and the density of the medium. Normally, in an RI detector, the wavelength
is constant. The density depends on the temperature, pressure and compo-
sition of the medium.
Detector Design and Optical Path
The AZURA RID 2.1L is a differencial refractive index detector of the deflec-
tion type. The detector measures the deflection of a light beam causes by
the difference in refractive index between the liquids in sample and refer-
ence cell compartments of the flow cell.
A light beam emitted from the LED light source 1crosses the RID’s sample
and the reference cells 2twice. When both cells contain pure solvent, the
system is calibrated to zero by means of a parallel zero glass plate 3which
positions the beam on the two detector diodes 4in such a manner that the
measured light intensities (I1and I2) of the two diodes are virtually identical.
α
1
sin
α
2
sin
-------------- c1
c2
-----n1
n2
------n== =

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
8 Product Information
When the sample cell contains a solution with a different refractive index,
the light beam is geometrically proportionally deflected depending on the
relative change of the refractive index (according to Snell´s law).
This results in a change of the light intensities I1and I2(one increases and
the other decreases), proportional to concentration and refractive index of
the sample solution. From these intensity changes the signal value is calcu-
lated.
Calculating the Signal Value
The light beam reaches the two detector diodes (1 and 2) which deliver the
intensity values I1and I2during measurement, depending on the light
beam’s deflection. The difference and sum of I1and I2are calculated contin-
uously, and the resulting signal is given out to the device’s outputs.
Flow Path
Analysis During analysis the solvent takes the blue flow path (see figure below):
1. Enters through IN port.
2. Passes through heat exchanger.
3. Flows through sample compartment of the flow cell.
4. Passes through flush valve.
5. Exits through OUT port.
Flush active When the flush valve is activated the solvent takes the green flow path (see
figure below):
1. Enters through IN port.
2. Passes through heat exchanger.
3. Flows through sample compartment of the flow cell.
4. Passes through flush valve and directed to the second heat exchanger.
5. Flows through reference compartment of the flow cell.
6. Exits through OUT port.
Signal Value
I1–I2difference of intensity values
I1+I2sum of intensity values
aautozero constant
ccalibration constant
1
2
3
4
signal I1I–2
()
I1I2
+()
-------------------- a+



c×=

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Product Information 9
Intended Use
Refractive index (RI) detection is best suited for use in analytical HPLC (high
performance liquid chromatography), GPC (gel permeation chromatogra-
phy) as well as SEC (size-exclusion chromatography) applications.
RI detectors deliver a universal response, however detection is intrinsically
less sensitive than other detection methods. RI detectors are not suited for
gradient chromatography as they are very sensitive to changes in the eluent
composition. Furthermore, RI detectors are highly temperature and pressure
dependent, and unstable conditions can lead to baseline instability. It is also
possible that positive and negative peaks appear in a single analysis.
The device is designed for research purposes and may not be suitable for
diagnostic analysis.
Operating range Note: Only use the device for applications that fall within the range of the
intended use. Otherwise, the protective and safety equipment of the device
could fail.
The detector can be used for analytical applications (with flow rates up to
10 ml/min) in the following areas:
food analysis
chemical analysis
pharmaceutical analysis
environmental analysis
biochemical analysis
Eluents
Even though the AZURA RID 2.1L is very resistant to many kinds of com-
monly used eluents, you should take care that no eluent or water can get on
the device’s surface or even inside the device. Chlorinated hydrocarbons
could destroy the varnish and some others (e. g. THF) could loosen certain
components. Even small quantities of other substances, such as additives,
modifiers, or salts can influence the durability of the materials.
Usage of well degassed eluents is very important for achieving good chro-
matograms with an RI detector. Degassing ensures a stable baseline and
high sensitivity.
Note: The user is responsible for the adequate and safe use of any liquids
and chemicals. The solvent list contains the solvents KNAUER recommends
Legend
1solvent
2heat exchanger
3sample cell
4reference cell
5flush valve
6waste
7temperature con-
trolled compartment
12
3
7
45
6

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
10 Safety for Users
for use. If there is any doubt, contact the Technical Support of the manufac-
turer.
Suitable solvents This is the list of eluents you can use without any concern:
acetate buffer solutions
acetone at 4 °C-25 °C (39.2 °C-77.0 °F)1
acetonitrile2
benzene
chloroform
ethyl acetate
ethanol
formiate buffer solution
isopropanol
carbon dioxide (liquid 99.999 % CO2)
methanol
phosphate buffer solutions (0.5 M)
toluol
ammoniated dilute solution
acetic acid (0.1-1 %), at 25 °C
sodium hydroxide (1 M)
water
Less suitable solvents This is the list of eluents you should rather not use:
diethylamine (0.1 %) (DEA)
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
methylene chloride3
phosphoric dilute acid
slightly volatile eluents
tetrahydrofuran (THF)3
triethylamine (0.1 %) (TEA)
trifluoroacetic acid (0.1 %) (TFA)
Not suitable solvents This is the list of eluents you should definitely not use:
concentrated mineral and organic acids
concentrated bases
eluents containing particles
halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. Freon®
perfluorinated eluents, e.g. Fluorinert® FC-75, FC-40
perfluorinated polyether, e.g. Fomblin®
Safety for Users
Professional Group The user manual addresses persons who are qualified as chemical laboratory
technicians or have completed comparable vocational training.
The following knowledge is required:
Fundamental knowledge of liquid chromatography
Knowledge regarding substances that are suitable only to a limited
extent for use in liquid chromatography
Knowledge regarding the health risks of chemicals
Participation during an installation of a device or a training by the com-
pany KNAUER or an authorized company.
1. valid for the specified temperature range
2. not recommended in combination with PEEK small parts and PEEK capillaries
3. not recommended in combination with PEEK small parts and PEEK capillaries

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Safety for Users 11
If you do not belong to this or a comparable professional group, you may
not perform the work described in this user manual under any circum-
stances. In this case, please contact your superior.
Safety Equipment When working with the device, take measures according to lab regulations
and wear protective clothing:
Safety glasses with side protection
Protective gloves
Lab coat
What must be taken into
account?
All safety instructions in the user manual
The environmental, installation, and connection specifications in the user
manual
National and international regulations pertaining to laboratory work
Original spare parts, tools, and solvents made or recommended by
KNAUER
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)
Accident prevention regulations published by the accident insurance
companies for laboratory work
Filtration of substances under analysis
Use of inline filters
Once they have been used, never re-use capillaries in other areas of the
HPLC system.
Only use a given PEEK fitting for one specific port and never re-use it for
other ports. Always install new PEEK fittings on each separate port.
Follow KNAUER or manufacturer's instructions on caring for the columns
More safety-relevant information is listed below:
flammability: Organic solvents are highly flammable. Since capillaries can
detach from their screw fittings and allow solvent to escape, it is prohib-
ited to have any open flames near the analytical system.
solvent tray: Risk of electrical shock or short circuit if liquids get into the
device's interior. For this reason, place all bottles in a solvent tray.
solvent lines: Install capillaries and tubing in such a way that liquids can-
not get into the interior in case of a leak.
leaks: Regularly check if any system components are leaking.
power cable: Defective power cables are not to be used to connect the
device and the power supply system.
self-ignition point: Only use eluents that have a self-ignition point higher
than 150 °C under normal ambient conditions.
power strip: If several devices are connected to one power strip, always
consider the maximum power consumption of each device.
power supply: Only connect devices to voltage sources, whose voltage
equals the device's voltage.
toxicity: Organic eluents are toxic above a certain concentration. Ensure
that work areas are always well-ventilated! Wear protective gloves and
safety glasses when working on the device!
Where is use of the device
prohibited?
Never use the system in potentially explosive atmospheres without appro-
priate protective equipment. For further information, contact the Technical
Support of KNAUER.
Secure decommissioning At any time, take the device completely out of operation by either switching
off the power switch or by pulling the power plug.
Opening the Device The device may be opened by the KNAUER Technical Support or any com-
pany authorized by KNAUER only.

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
12 Installation
Signal Words
Possible dangers related to the device are divided into personal and material
damage in this user manual.
Lethal injuries will occur.
Serious or moderate injuries can occur.
Minor injuries can occur.
Device defects can occur.
Decontamination
Contamination of devices with toxic, infectious or radioactive substances
poses a hazard for all persons during operation, repair, sale, and disposal of
a device.
Life-threatening injuries
Health danger if getting in contact with toxic, infectious or radio-active sub-
stances.
Before disposing of the device or sending it away for repair, you are
required to decontaminate the device in a technically correct manner.
All contaminated devices must be properly decontaminated by a specialist
company or the operating company before they can be recommissioned,
repaired, sold, or disposed of. All materials or fluids used for decontamina-
tion must be collected separately and disposed of properly.
Decontaminatin Report Devices without a completed Decontamination Report will not be repaired.
If you would like to return a device to KNAUER, make sure to enclose a com-
pleted Decontamination Report with the device: http://www.knauer.net/
en/downloads/service.html
Installation
Due to the general temperature sensitivity of refractive index detectors,
these detectors should always be the lowest instrument in a system. The
optionally available capillary kits for easy installation will only fit if this rule is
followed. The RI detector should always be installed below a UV detector
due to its higher sensitivity to temperature.
Preparations
Before selecting the location, please read the Technical Data (see page 36).
There you will find any important information on power connection, ambi-
ent temperature and air humidity.
Location Requirements
Only if the requirements for ambient conditions of the operating environ-
ment are met, can the intended use be ensured. In order to ensure thermo
stability and to prevent drift effects, note the following aspects. Further con-
siderations of your detector within an HPLC system are described in the
according chapter (see “Integrating the Detector into a System” on
page 16).

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Installation 13
Device defect
The device overheats at exposure to sunlight and insufficient air circulation.
Device failures are very likely.
Set up the device in such a way that it is protected against exposure to
direct sunlight.
Keep at least 15 cm clear at the rear and 5–10 cm at each side for air cir-
culation.
Note: The leak sensor may malfunction if the device is placed on an inclined
surface. Use a level to check that the device is in horizontal position.
General requirements Position the device on a level and even surface.
Protect the device against direct exposure to sunlight.
Set up the device at a location not exposed to air drafts (A/C systems)./
Protect the detector against strong ventilation.
Do not set up the device in the vicinity of other machines that cause floor
vibrations./Avoid vibrations.
Avoid sources of high frequencies near the device. High frequencies may
compromise the measuring values.
If you are located in an earthquake area, use the bore holes 1in the side
panels to secure the device. The bore holes are located on both right and
left side panel.
Space requirements At least 5 cm if another device is set up on one side
At least 10 cm if further devices are set up on both sides
Power Connection
Electronic defect
Electronic hazard when using an identically constructed power adapter from
another manufacturer.
Contact the Technical Support of KNAUER.
Never connect the device to the power connection.
Note: Make sure that power supply and power cables fulfil the criteria (see
“Power supply” on page 37). Removable power cables are not to be
replaced by cables of any other type.
The device is intended for use with AC power networks of 100–240 V.
Only use the supplied power cable to connect the device to the power
supply.
Make sure that the power plug on the rear side of the device is always
accessible, so that the device can be disconnected from the power sup-
ply.
Scope of Delivery
Note: Only use original parts and accessories made by the manufacturer or
a company authorized by the manufacturer.
1

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
14 Installation
RID 2.1L
user manual DE/EN
power cable
accessory kit RID 2.1L
accessory kit AZURA
Unpacking the Device
The device is delivered in one closed box. The packaging is selected to pro-
tect the device against any possible damage.
Prerequisite Check packaging for damage caused during transportation. If necessary, put
forward any claim for damages to the carrier.
Tools Utility knife
Bruising danger
Damage to the device by carrying or lifting it on protruding housing parts.
The device may fall and thus cause injuries.
Lift the device on the side of the housing only.
Process 1. Set up the package in such a way that you can read the label. Using the
utility knife, cut the adhesive tape and open the packaging.
2. Remove the foam insert. Take out the accessory kit and the manual.
3. Open the accessory kit and check the scope of delivery. In case any parts
are missing, contact the Technical Support.
4. Clasp the device from below, lift it out of the packaging and place it on
its feet. Do not hold onto the front cover.
5. Check the device for signs of damage that occurred during transport. In
case you notice any damage, contact the Technical Support.
6. Place the device in its site of operation and remove protective foil.
Next steps Store packaging and keep the included packing list for repeat orders.
Connecting the Leak Management
The leak management consists of the leak sensor and the drainage system
(funnels, hoses, nozzles). The drainage system ensures that escaping liquids
flow into a waste bottle. When leaks are registered by the leak sensor, the
LED flashes red. Both the device and the data acquisition via chromatogra-
phy software are stopped.
Prerequisite The front cover has been removed.
Process Process Figure
1. Carefully push the funnel 1into
the center opening of the capil-
lary guide 2.
Fig. 3 Funnel and capillary guide
2. Push the long ending of the first
nozzle 4into the hose 3.
Fig. 4 Hose and nozzle
12
3
4

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Installation 15
Next steps Attach the front cover.
Connecting the Capillaries
The connectors on the front panel are laid out for 1/16” capillaries and stan-
dard bushings. Make sure that the inlet capillary is connected to IN port and
the outlet capillary is connected to OUT port. Incorrect connection may lead
to flow cell damage and comprimise detector performance.
The IN port is connected to the outlet of the HPLC column, The OUT port to
the waste bottle.
Tools wrench
Component defect
Damage to the ports caused by strongly tightened fittings.
Use 5 Nm torque for stainless steel fittings.
Use 0.5 Nm torque for PEEK fittings.
Practical Tip: Use fittings which keep the dead volume as low as possible
and the shortest possible capillary with a small internal diameter.
3. Connect the nozzle and the fun-
nel.
4. Push the other end of the hose
onto the nozzle 5of the leak
tray.
Fig. 5 Hose connected to device
5. For the bottom device, push the
short end of the nozzle 6 into
the opening in the collection
point of the leak tray.
6. Connect the hose to the nozzle
and lead the second ending to
the waste bottle.
7. Place the waste bottle below the
bottom device.
Fig. 6 Leak tray with nozzle
Process Process Figure
5
6

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
16 Installation
Next steps Check if all fittings are tight.
Integrating the Detector into a System
To integrate the detector into a system, note the required ambient condi-
tions described in the section Technical Data (see page 36) as well as the
required ambient conditions of other devices to be integrated into the sys-
tem. The detector is integrated into the HPLC flow path by connecting the
capillary to the detector and the HPLC system. The capillary connections in
a simple HPLC system are as shown in the following figure.
The refractive index detector should always be the last instrument in an
HPLC system. The flow cell is made of glass and very sensitive to pressure.
Back pressures that may build on the outlet side increase the pressure inside
the flow cell and destroy it. The pressure inside the flow cell must not
exceed 5 bar at any time.
Process Figure
1. Push the capillary 1through
the fitting 2.
2. Slide the lock ring 3over the
tubing. Note that the tapered
end of the lock ring has to point
to the seal ring 4.
3. Attach the seal ring 4.
4. Push the capillary as far as possi-
ble into the detector’s inlet IN
5.
5. Fasten the fitting by hand.
6. Repeat all steps for the outlet
OUT.
1324
1324
5

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Installation 17
Prerequisite All devices are positioned adequately.
Next steps Start the system devices according to the instructions given in the respective
user manuals.
Computer Control
The AZURA RID 2.1L can be controlled with different software packages. For
reference, please check out the List of Supported Devices on the KNAUER
website: http://www.knauer.net/fileadmin/user_upload/produkte/files/
Dokumente/software/supported_instruments.pdf
You find a detailed description on chromatography software in a corre-
sponding user manual.
This section describes how to set up an HPLC system in a local area network
(LAN) and how a network administrator can integrate this LAN into your
company network. The description applies to the operating system Win-
dows® and all conventional routers.
Note: To set up a LAN, we recommend to use a router. That means the fol-
lowing steps are required:
Process 1. On the computer, go to the control panel and check the LAN properties.
2. Hook up the router to the devices and the computer.
3. On the computer, configure the router to set up the network.
4. Install the chromatography software from the data storage device.
5. Switch on the device and run the chromatography software.
Configuring the LAN Settings
The LAN uses only one server (which is normally the router) from that the
devices automatically receive their IP address.
Prerequisite In Windows®, power saving, hibernation, standby, and screen saver must
be deactived.
In case you use an USB-to-COM box, the option "Allow the computer to
turn off ths device to save power" in the devicemanager must be deacti-
vated for all USB hosts.
Only for Windows 7: For the network adapter, the option "Allow the
computer to turn off this device to save power" in the Device Manager
must be deactivated.
Process 1. In Windows 7 choose Start
 Control Panel  Network and Sharing Cen-
ter.
2. Double-click on LAN Connection.
3. Click on the button Properties.
4. Select Internet Protocol version 4 (TCP/IPv4).
5. Click on the button Properties.
6. Check the settings in the tab General. The correct settings for the DHCP
client are:
a) Obtain IP address automatically
b) Obtain DNS server address automatically
7. Click on the button OK.
Process Process
1. Connect the outlet of the column to IN.
2. Connect the waste bottle to OUT.

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
18 Installation
Connecting the Cables
A router 3has several LAN ports 2and one WAN port 4that can be used
to integrate the LAN into a wide area network (WAN), e.g. a company net-
work or the Internet. In contrast, the LAN ports serve to set up a network
from devices 1and a computer 5. To avoid interference, we recommend
operating the HPLC system separately from the company network.
You will find patch cables for each device and the router in the accessories
kit. To connect the router to a WAN, an additional patch cable is required,
which is not supplied within the scope of delivery.
Prerequisite The computer has been switched off.
There is a patch cable for each device and the computer.
Process 1. Use the patch cable to connect the router and the computer. Repeat this
step to connect all devices.
2. Use the power supply to connect the router to the mains power system.
Configuring the Router
The router is preset at the factory. You will find a label at the bottom side of
the router, on which IP address, user name, and password are printed.
These information help to open the router configuration.
Process 1. To open the router configuration, start your Internet browser and enter
the IP address (not for all routers).
2. Enter user name and password.
3. Configure the router as DHCP server.
4. In the router configuration, check the IP address range and make
changes if necessary.
Result Once the router has assigned IP addresses to all devices, the chromatogra-
phy software can be used to remotely control the system.
Integrating the LAN into a Company Network
A network administrator can integrate the LAN into your company network.
In this case you use the WAN port of the router.
Prerequisite There is a patch cable for the connection.
Process 1. Check that the IP address range of the router and of the company net-
work do not overlap.
2. In case of an overlap, change the IP address range of the router.
3. Use the patch cable to connect the router WAN port to the company net-
work.
4. Restart all devices, including the computer.
Controlling Several Systems Separately in a LAN
Devices connected to a LAN communicate through ports, which are part of
the IP address. If more than one HPLC system is connected to the same LAN
and you plan on controlling them separately, you can use different ports to
avoid interference. Therefore, the port number for each device must be
12
345

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Installation 19
changed and this same number must be entered into the device configura-
tion of the chromatography software. We recommend to use the same port
number for all devices in the same system.
Note: The port is set to 10001 at the factory. You must use the same num-
bers in the device configuration of the chromatography software as in the
device, otherwise the connection fails.
Process 1. Find out port number and change it on the device.
2. Enter the port number in the chromatography software.
Result The connection is established.
Setting a static IP Address
Note: Please inform yourself about the IT safety standards valid for your lab-
oratory, before changing the LAN settings.
The device is factory set to a dynamic IP address (DHCP). To ensure a per-
manent LAN connection between the chromatography software and the
device, we recommend to set a static IP address for certain applications.
Prerequisites The device has been switched off.
Mobile Control has been installed and started.
The connection between the Mobile Control and the device has been
established.
Note: You find further information on LAN settings in the chapter Device
Settings of the Mobile Control User Manual.
Procedure 1. In the Mobile Control, choose Settings .
2. On the General tab, choose the device name.
3. Under Network Settings , choose the setting Static 1.
4. Enter the IP address into the text box IP Address 2.
5. If necessary, change the subnet mask and the gateway 3.
6. Click in the top right corner.
7. Restart the device.
Next steps In case necessary, go back to the original setting with the [Reset] button that
can be found under Settings > General > Network Settings > LAN Settings.
Remote Control
On the rear panel of the detector an electrical connector socket is located
which serves to send or receive signals from other instruments. For example
start signals from an injection valve or an autosampler can be connected to
the START input. All voltages have to be mounted between GROUND and
the corresponding input or output.
1
2
3

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
20 Installation
Connector Assignments
Connector Function
GND Ground for all inputs and outputs. Reference
point of the voltage at the signal inputs.
5V OUT Provides a voltage of 5V with respect to
GND. This makes it possible to supply a load
that is switched by an EVENT.
Protection: 5V - 50 mA
VALVE 24V Event controlled switching of 24V against
GND.
ERROR IN TTL Input
- Low active
Secure switching threshold at least 10 mA.
After receiving a signal (short-circuit to
ground) from an external device, an error
message appears and the device stops.
ERROR OUT TTL Output (default)/OC with external pull-
up up to 24 V (25 mA)
Levels
- Passive 5V
- Active 0V
Output is active until the cause of the error
has been eliminated.
START IN TTL Input
- Low active
Secure switching threshold at least 10 mA.
After receiving a signal (short-circuit to
ground) from an external device, the device
starts. If controlled with software, an elec-
tronic trigger is send via LAN.
START OUT TTL Output (default)/OC with external pull-
up up to 24 V (25 mA)
Levels
- Passive 5V
- Active 0V
AUTOZERO IN (AZ IN) TTL Input
- Low active
Secure switching threshold at least 10 mA.
A signal (short-circuit to ground) sets the
measuring signal to zero. Measurement
restarts after the signal is switched off.
GND Ground for all inputs and outputs. Reference
point of the voltage at the signal inputs.

RID 2.1L user manual V6750, version 1.0
Installation 21
Connecting the Cables to the Terminal Strip
To control one device through another, you use the multi-pin connector. To
use remote control, you have to connect cables to the terminal strip (both
included with delivery). The single ports are used to exchange control sig-
nals.
Prerequisite The device has been turned off.
The power plug has been pulled.
Tools Depressor tool
Electronic defect
Connecting cables to the multi-pin connector of a switched on device
causes a short circuit.
Turn off the device before connecting cables.
Pull the power plug.
Electronic defect
Electrostatic discharge can destroy the electronics.
Wear a protective bracelet against electrostatic discharge and ground.
Process 1. Place the terminal strip 3on a suitable sur-
face.
2. Push the depressor tool 1into the opening
on the upper side.
3. Continue pushing the depressor tool down
and lead the cable 2into the front end of
the terminal strip.
4. Remove the depressor tool.
5. Check whether the cables are tightly
attached.
6. Plug the terminal strip onto the multi-pin
connector.
Next steps Finish the installation and perform the initial startup.
FLUSH IN TTL Input
- Low active
Secure switching threshold at least 10 mA.
Activates and deactivates flush valve.
EVENT 1 TTL Output (default)/OC with external pull-
up up to 24 V (25 mA)
Levels
- Passive 5V
- Active 0V
GND Ground for all inputs and outputs. Reference
point of the voltage at the signal inputs.
Connector Function
1
2
3