Kramer VS-606xl User manual

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KRAMER ELECTRONICS, LTD.
KRAMER ELECTRONICS, Ltd.
USER MANUAL
MATRIX SWITCHERS
Models:
VS-606xl, VS-646
VS-808xl, VS-804xl, VS-848
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IMPORTANT: Before proceeding, please read paragraph entitled
"Unpacking and Contents"

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KRAMER ELECTRONICS, LTD.   
Table Of Contents
Section Name Page
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 A Word on Video/Audio Switchers 1
1.2 Factors Affecting Quality of Results 1
2 SPECIFICATIONS 2
3 HOW DO I GET STARTED? 3
4 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS 3
4.1 Optional Accessories 3
5 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR MATRIX SWITCHER 4
5.1 Your VS-606xl and VS-646 Matrix Switchers 4
5.2 Features of the VS-606xl and VS-646 Matrix Switchers 4
6 INSTALLATION 7
6.1 Rack Mounting 7
7 CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES 7
8 CONNECTING TO AUDIO DEVICES 8
9 USING THE MACHINES 8
9.1 Powering on the Machine 8
9.2 Using the Front Panel Controls 8
9.2.1 Selecting an Output 8
9.2.2 Selecting an Input 8
9.2.3 Connecting a Video/Audio Input/Outputs 8
9.2.4 Disconnecting a Video\Audio Inputs 8
9.2.5 Connecting a Video\Audio Input to All Outputs 8
9.2.6 Selecting Video\Audio Control (Breakaway) 8
9.2.7 Using the "Audio Follow Video" Mode 8
9.2.8 Storing a Configuration 9
9.2.9 Recalling a Configuration 9
9.2.10 Deleting a Setup 9
9.2.11 Using the "Take" Function 9
9.2.12 Resetting the Machine 9
9.3 Using the Back Panel Controls 9
9.3.1 Selecting the Sync Source 9
9.3.2 Setting the Configuration Switches 9
9.4 RS-232 and RS-485 Operation 10
9.5 The PC Control Software 11
9.5.1 Installation 11
9.5.2 Software Controls 12
9.5.3 Using the PC Control Software 14
10 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 15
10.1 Basic Video-Audio Setup 15
10.2 Component switching using Multiple Matrix Switchers 16
10.2.1 RGB/YUV Switching with RS-232 (e.g. PC) Control 16
10.2.2 RGB/YUV Switching with RS-485 Control (or no Control) 17
11 TAKING CARE OF YOUR MATRIX SWITCHER 18
12 TROUBLESHOOTING 19
12.1 Power And Indicators 19
12.2 Video Signal 19
12.3 Audio Signal 20
12.4 Control 21
12.5 Switching Malfunctions 21
13 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL 21
Limited Warranty 26

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KRAMER ELECTRONICS, LTD.
List Of Illustrations
Figure Page
1 VS-606xl Front/Rear Panel Features 5
2 VS-646 Front/Rear Panel Features 5
3 DIP switches- General View 10
4 RS-232 Control Connector Wiring 11
5 RS-232 and RS-485 Operation 11
6 Terminating the Line 11
7 Basic Video-Audio Setup 16
8 RGB Switching 18
List Of Tables
Table Page
1 VS-606xl/VS-646 Front Panel Features 6
2 VS-606xl/VS-646 Rear Panel Features 7
3 DIP Switches Configuration 10

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 INTRODUCTION
Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer Electronics Matrix Switcher. Since 1981 Kramer has been
dedicated to the development and manufacture of high quality video/audio equipment. The Kramer line has
become an integral part of many of the best production and presentation facilities around the world. In recent
years, Kramer has redesigned and upgraded most of the line, making the best even better. Kramer’s line of
professional video/audio electronics is one of the most versatile and complete available, and is a true leader in
terms of quality, workmanship, price/performance ratio and innovation. In addition to the Kramer line of high
quality Matrix Switchers, such as the one you have just purchased, Kramer also offers a full line of high quality
distribution amplifiers, processors, interfaces, controllers and computer-related products. This manual includes
configuration, operation and option information of the following Kramer Electronics Matrix Switchers for the
video professional: These "VS" Matrix Switchers are similar in operation and features and differ in their audio
input and output type and in the number of video/audio crosspoints. The manual describes the VS-606xl, VS-
646, VS-808xl (the VS-804xl is identical to the VS-808xl in all features but the number of outputs, therefore, it
is not described separately) and the VS-848.
 A Word on Video/Audio Switchers
A video/audio switcher usually switches between several sources (inputs) and one or more acceptors (outputs).
A switcher that allows several inputs to be connected to several outputs simultaneously is called a Matrix
Switcher. Switchers may be of the electronic or mechanical type. Most matrices are of the active electronic type,
with many crosspoints. Vertical Interval Switching, frequently used in video, ensures that the transition from
one video source to another (such as switching between two genlocked cameras) is smooth and without
interference. The switching and changeover is done during the blanked vertical interval period, when the
transition is hidden from the eyes. Vertical Interval Switching is needed when recording or transmitting a video
program involving several video sources, as in live broadcast, to ensure clean, undisturbed picture transitions.
The switched sources should be genlocked. Matrices and switchers may sometimes be RS-232 or RS-485/422
controlled. Each of these options is a way of remotely controlling a video/audio device (switcher etc.) using a
PC with a serial port, or another device that uses a similar communication protocol. The simplest connection
between the RS-232 controller and the controlled device uses two wires (TRANSMIT, RECEIVE) and a
common ground wire. Finally, the wide video bandwidth permits the Matrix Switchers to be used in the most
demanding applications.
 Factors Affecting Quality of Results
There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an acceptor:
 Connection cables - Low quality cables are susceptible to interference, they degrade signal quality due
to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels. They should therefore be of the best quality.
 Sockets and connectors of the sources and acceptors - So often ignored, they should be of highest
quality, since "Zero Ohm" connection resistance is the target. Sockets and connectors also must match
the required impedance (75ohm in video). Cheap, low quality connectors tend to rust, thus causing
breaks in the signal path.
 Amplifying circuitry - Must have quality performance when the desired end result is high linearity, low
distortion and low noise operation.
 Distance between sources and acceptors - Plays a major role in the final result. For long distances
(over 15 meters) between sources and acceptors, special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable
losses. These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers.
 Interference from neighboring electrical appliances - These can have an adverse effect on signal
quality. Balanced audio lines are less prone to interference, but unbalanced audio should be installed far
from any mains power cables, electric motors, transmitters, etc. even when the cables are shielded.

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 SPECIFICATIONS
VS-606XL VS-646 VS-808XL (804xl) VS-848
Configuration 6x6 6x6 8x8 (8x4) 8x8
Input Type 6 composite video,
1 sync/video genlock with
sync select switch,
6 stereo audio
6 composite video,
1 Sync/video genlock with
sync select switch,
6 balanced stereo audio
8 composite video,
1 sync/video genlock with
sync select switch,
8 stereo audio
8 composite video,
1 sync/video genlock with
sync select switch,
8 balanced stereo audio
Input
Connections
Video: BNC connectors
Audio: RCA connectors Video: BNC connectors Audio: detachable
terminal blocks
Video: BNC connectors
Audio: RCA connectors
Video: BNC connectors
Audio: detachable terminal
blocks
Input Level Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm,
Sync/video genlock:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/62kohm
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm,
Sync/video genlock:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/33kohm
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm,
Sync/video genlock:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/33kohm
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm,
Sync/video genlock:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/33kohm
Output Type 6 composite video on
BNCs
6 audio stereo on RCAs
6 composite video on
BNCs
6 balanced stereo audio on
detachable terminal blocks
8 (4 for VS-804xl)
composite video on BNCs
8 (4 for VS-804xl) audio
stereo on RCAs
8 composite video on
BNCs
8 balanced stereo audio on
detachable terminal blocks
Output Level Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/50ohm
(27Vpp max.)
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/50ohm
(24Vpp max.)
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/50ohm
(24Vpp max.)
Composite video:
1Vpp/75ohm
Audio: +4dBm/50ohm
(24Vpp max.)
Video S/N
Ratio
74dB 74dB 74dB 74dB
Audio S/N
Ratio
88dB unweighted, (1Vpp) 84dB unweighted, (1Vpp) 88dB unweighted, (1Vpp) 84dB unweighted, (1Vpp)
Video
Bandwidth
Exceeding 200MHz Exceeding 200MHz. Exceeding 200MHz Exceeding 200MHz
Audio
Bandwidth
Exceeding 100kHz Exceeding 100kHz Exceeding 100kHz Exceeding 100MHz.
Differential
Gain
0.05% 0.05% 0.05% 0.05%
Differential
Phase
0.03Deg. 0.03Deg. 0.03Deg. 0.03Deg.
K-Factor <0.05% <0.05% <0.05% <0.05%
Non Linearity <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% <0.1%
Video
Crosstalk
<-50dB @ 5MHz <-50dB @ 5MHz <-50dB @ 5MHz <-50dB @ 5MHz
THD 0.016% (1V, 1KHz) 0.025% (1V, 1KHz) 0.016% (1V, 1KHz) 0.025% (1V, 1KHz)
2nd Harmonic
0.004% 0.013% 0.004% 0.013%
Switch System
Vertical interval Vertical interval Vertical interval Vertical interval
Control Type Manual, RS-232 or RS-
485 Manual, RS-232 or RS- 485 Manual, RS-232 or RS-485
Manual, RS-232 or RS-485
Power
Consumption
11VA 14VA 11VA 14 VA
Weight 3.4 kg (7.5lbs.) Approx. 3.4 kg (7.5lbs.) Approx. 3.5 kg (7.8lbs.) Approx. 3.5 kg (7.8 lbs.) Approx.
Dimensions
(H x W x D)
19" x 7" x 2U 19" x 7" x 2U 19" x 7" x 2U 19" x 7" x 2U
Power Source 230VAC, 50/60 Hz,
(115VAC, U.S.A.) 230VAC, 50/60 Hz, (115VAC, U.S.A.) 230VAC, 50/60 Hz, (115VAC, U.S.A.) 230VAC, 50/60 Hz, (115VAC, U.S.A.)

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 HOW DO I GET STARTED?
The fastest way to get started is to take your time and do everything right the first time. Taking 15 minutes to
read the manual may save you a few hours later. You don’t even have to read the whole manual - if a certain
section doesn’t apply to you, you don’t have to spend your time reading it.
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UNPACKING AND CONTENTS
The items contained in your Kramer accessory package are listed below. Please save the original box and
packaging materials for possible future transportation and shipment of the machine.
 Matrix Switcher
 CD with K-Switch and/or Kontrol software
 AC Power Cable
 User Manual
 KRAMER Null Modem Adapter Connector
 4 Rubber Feet
 Optional Accessories
The following accessories, which are available from Kramer, can enhance implementation of your machine. For
information regarding cables and additional accessories, contact your Kramer dealer.

BNC "Y" Connector - Used for looping purposes and splits the incoming signal to enable connection of
an additional machine.
 VS-3000 Remote Control Panel - Used for remote controlling of Kramer switchers. Many matrix
switchers (not necessarily of the same type!) may be connected to the VS-3000 for control and monitoring
purposes. The VS-3000 is fed from a 12VDC supply, and the 2RU unit has a low physical profile, making it
ideal for installation on a bench top, or in a standard 19” rack. The machine may be used together with other
remote controllers, for example: a PC, more VS-3000’s, and other commercial control systems. In addition, it
also has “dry contact” connections, allowing instantaneous control from convenient locations via remote press
buttons, relays or other mechanical switches.
 VS-11EIV - (Video/Audio Processor) can be serially inserted between the Matrix Switcher and the
acceptor for video/audio processing. The VS-11EIV has 2 Composite video inputs and outputs, 2 Y/C (Super-
Video) inputs and outputs as well as 4 stereo-audio inputs and outputs. The VS-11EIV has DC coupled video
inputs and outputs, and allows full control over the video signal: Video gain down to full fade, log or linear
Definition control, log or linear Contrast control, Color saturation control, Black Level control, Red, Green
and Blue controls and a Screen Splitter control for “before-after” comparison. Input switch control is "Audio-
follow-Video".
 FC-10D - (Composite-YC Comb Filter/Transcoder) can be serially connected to a Matrix Switcher for
video format conversion (between two popular video formats - composite video and YC (Super-Video)). The
decoding from composite to Y/C is done digitally using an adaptive comb filter and DSP techniques to
minimize dot-crawl and cross-color. A built-in vertical enhancer circuit reduces noise and dot-crawl on the Y
signal. In addition, the FC-10D provides an independent Y/C to Composite route, for simultaneous bi-
directional operation. The Kramer FC-10D is very small in size, and is fed from an external 12VDC supply,
thus ideal for fieldwork.

VM-1411 (Video/Balanced Stereo Audio Distribution Amplifier) can be serially connected between a
Matrix Switcher and the acceptors for video and audio distribution. It is a full broadcast, state-of-the-art
machine, designed for studio and other applications. The VM-1411 has two inputs, video and audio, each
splitting to 5 outputs. The user may select 2 x 1:5 or 1:10 operation via front panel control switches. Several
VM-1411 units may be chained through the looping inputs. Output signals are (user selectable) DC or AC
coupled for highest flexibility. Audio outputs are buffered and isolated from each other, allowing Hi-Fi
Balanced audio distribution.

VIDEO TESTER - A new, unique, patented, indispensable tool for the video professional, the video Tester
is used to test a video path leading to/from a Matrix Switcher. By pressing only one touch switch it can trace
missing signals, distinguish between good and jittery (VCR sourced) signals, and identify the presence of
good signals. Whenever a video signal is missing, because of bad connections, cable breaks or faulty sources,
the video Tester is all you need.

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 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR MATRIX SWITCHER
Most front/rear panel features of the Matrix Switchers described in this manual are very similar. Therefore, only
the VS-606xl and the VS-646 are described and they represent the rest of the Matrix Switchers. The main
difference is that the “646/848” group has snap fit terminal block connectors for balanced audio and the
“606/808xl” group has RCA connectors for stereo audio.
 Your
VS-606xl and VS-646 Matrix Switchers.
The VS-606xl and the VS-646 machines are broadcast quality, 6x6 Vertical Interval - Audio Stereo Matrix
Switchers for composite video and stereo audio signals. They are true matrices, allowing the user to route any
input to any or all outputs simultaneously. Since they switch during the vertical interval, transitions are glitch-
free when sources share common reference sync. They can switch stereo audio signals in "audio-follow-video"
mode or separately (breakaway). Also, the TAKE button allows the user to place multiple switches in a queue,
and then activate them with one touch of this button or a single serial command. They have manual, RS-232
and RS-485 controls. Six preset memory locations are provided for quick access to common configurations, and
the non-volatile memory "remembers" the last setting prior to being powered-down. The machines have an
external Sync/Genlock input as well, and may be programmed to switch according to the timing of either this
input or of source number 1. Windows95/NT (TM) control software is provided free with the machine.
The machines are dependable, rugged, and fit in two vertical spaces of a standard 19” rack. Video bandwidth of
200MHz ensures that the VS-606xl and VS-646 remain transparent even in the most critical applications
 Features of the VS-606xl and VS-646 Matrix Switchers
Front/Rear panel features of the VS-606xl are shown in Figure 1; and for the VS-646, in Figure 2. The features
are described in Table 1 and Table 2.
The essential difference between the machines is in their audio sections. The VS-606xl is designed for use with
unbalanced audio, which is connected to the machine via RCA’s; whereas the VS-646 is for balanced audio, and
uses terminal block connectors.
NOTE
For operation instructions refer to section 9.
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Figure 1: VS-606xl Front/Rear Panel Features
Figure 2: VS-646 Front/Rear Panel Features

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Table 1: VS-606xl/VS-646 Front Panel Features
No. Feature Function
1. Power Switch Illuminated switch: supplies power to the unit.
2.
INPUT SELECTOR
buttons Select the desired input to be switched to the output.
NOTE
Pressing input buttons "1", "2" and "3"
together resets the machine and performs a
7-segment display test.
3.
OUTPUT SELECTOR
buttons Select the desired output that the input signal is switched to.
4.
OUTPUT STATUS
labels
Identifies a crosspoint between each output and the input below it.
5.
INPUT STATUS
display
Displays the selected input switched to the output (marked above each input).
6.
RCL illuminated button Should be pressed, followed by an input or output pushbutton to select a
predetermined setup (1-6 available setups for the VS-606xl/VS-646 and 1-8
setups for the VS-808xl/VS-848). For example, press RCL followed by INPUT
4button to recall Setup#4 from the non-volatile memory.
7.
STO illuminated button Should be pressed, followed by an input or output pushbutton to store the current
status in the non-volatile memory. For example. Press STO followed by INPUT
4button to store Setup#4 in the non-volatile memory.
NOTE
To delete a setup from the memory, press the
STO and RCL buttons simultaneously, followed
by the input button (Setup number) to be
deleted.
8. AFV illuminated button When pressed, illuminates and selects the "Audio Follow Video" function. If the
audio configuration differs from the video configuration, the INPUT STATUS
display flashes the audio outputs that are to be reconfigured for AFV operation. In
such case, the TAKE button must be pressed to confirm the modification.
9.
AUDIO When pressed, illuminates and selects the audio mode (Breakaway) to enable
modification of the audio crosspoints.
10.
VIDEO When pressed, illuminates and selects the video mode (Breakaway) to enable
modification of the video crosspoints.
11.
TAKE The machines can operate either in "Take" mode or in "Normal" (no user
confirmation for each action is needed) mode. Pressing the TAKE button toggles
the mode, and the button illuminates when in "Take Mode". In "Take Mode
", any
action would cause the TAKE button to blink before implementation, and the user
is required to press TAKE again in order to implement the operation.
NOTE
To cancel any operation initiated by pressing a
button, press the same button again.
12.
OFF When pressed after pushing an output button, disconnects that video/audio output
from the video/audio input. To disconnect all the outputs, press the ALL button
followed by the OFF button.
13.
ALL When pressed followed by an input button, connects that audio/video input to all
audio/video outputs.

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Table 2: VS-606xl/VS-646 Rear Panel Features
No. Feature Function
1.
1-6 AUDIO INPUTS
terminal blocks (VS-646),
or RCA connectors (VS-
606 XL) .
Audio inputs used to connect the stereo audio input sources.
2.
1-6 AUDIO OUTPUTS
terminal blocks (VS-646),
or RCA connectors (VS-
606
XL)
.
Audio outputs used to connect the stereo audio output acceptors.
3.
RS-485 terminal block Used for bi-directional communication with another Matrix Switcher or PC
through RS-RS-
485 operation).
4.
EXT. SYNC BNC
connector
Used for connection of an external video sync input. The external sync input
can be selected by the SYNC Select switch.
5. SYNC Select switch Selects either an external sync from the external source, or internal sync, which
is normally inputted via the VIDEO INPUT #1 connector
more information concerning the sync selection).
6. VIDEO INPUTS BNC
connectors Video inputs used to connect the video sources.
7.
VIDEO OUTPUTS BNC
connectors Video outputs used to connect the video acceptors.
8. DB-9 female RS-232
connector

concerning the RS-232 operation) from a PC, or remote control device, through
an RS-232 interface and a null-modem adapter (provided with the machine).
NOTE
Operation of the
machine
from a remote PC
may be done using the K-Switch control
Software (provided with the
machine)
.
9.
Setup DIP switches Allow proper configuration of the control signals received and transmitted
through the RS-232 (or RS-485) control port, master/slave modifications, line
termination and device ID numbers.
10. Power Connector A 3-prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit. Directly
underneath this connector, a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse.

INSTALLATION
 Rack Mounting
Each of the Matrix Switchers described in this manual may be rackmounted in a standard 19” (1U) EIA rack
assembly and includes rack “ears” at the ends of the front panel. These devices do not require spacing above or
below the unit for ventilation. To rack mount any of the Matrix Switchers, simply place the unit’s rack ears
against the rack rails of the rack, and insert standard screws through each of the four corner holes in the rack
ears.
 CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES
Video sources and output devices (such as monitors, or recorders) may be connected to the Matrix Switchers
through the BNC type connectors located on the back of the unit. Bear in mind that the output signal format will
match that of the input signal format.
All signal connections that use more than one cableinterconnecting between devices should be of equal length.
(Example: cables between a camera and the machine should be equal in length).

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 CONNECTING TO AUDIO DEVICES
Audio sources and output devices (such as amplifiers or recorders) may be connected to the machines through
the RCA type connectors (VS-808
XL
, VS-606
XL
), or through the terminal block connectors (VS-848, VS-646)
located at the back of the machines.

USING THE MACHINES
 Powering on the Machine
NOTES
1. The machine should only be powered on, after all connections
are completed, and all source devices have been powered on.
Do not attempt to connect or disconnect any video, audio or
control signals to the machine while it is powered on!
2. The socket-outlet should be near the equipment and should be
easily accessible. To fully disconnect equipment, remove
power cord from socket.
1. Press the toggle switch on the far left-hand side of the front panel to the ON position. The toggle switch
glows.
2. Operate the acceptors.
 Using the Front Panel Controls
The front panels of Kramer Matrix Switcher are designed to be simple to operate, and accomplish the basic
function of selecting an input source and output device.
9.2.1
Selecting an Output
Output selection on the Matrix Switchers is made by pressing any of the buttons marked “1” through “8” (VS-
808 XL , VS-848), or "1" to "6" (VS-606 XL , VS-646) on the front panel. These buttons correspond to output
connections as marked on the back panel.
9.2.2 Selecting an Input
Input selection on the Matrix Switchers is made by pressing any of the buttons marked “1” through “8” (VS-
808
XL
, VS-848), or "1" to "6" (VS-606
XL
, VS-646) on the front panel. These buttons correspond to input
connections as marked on the back panel.
9.2.3 Connecting a Video/Audio Input/Output
To connect a video/audio Input to a specific output, press the desired output button (upper line), followed by the
desired input button (lower row).
9.2.4
Disconnecting a Video\Audio Input
To disconnect a video\audio Input from a specific output, press the desired output button followed by the OFF
button. To disconnect all the outputs, press the ALL button, followed by the OFF button.
9.2.5 Connecting a Video\Audio Input to All Outputs
To connect a video\audio Input to all outputs, press the ALL button followed by the INPUT button
corresponding to the input which is to be routed to all the outputs.
9.2.6 Selecting Video\Audio Control (Breakaway)
For audio control only, press the AUDIO button. For video control only, press the VIDEO button. Note that the
STATUS window displays audio or video settings in accordance with the selection.
9.2.7 Using the "Audio Follow Video" Mode
To select "Audio Follow Video" mode, press the AFV button. Note that if the audio configuration differs from
the video configuration, the differing audio outputs blink in the STATUS window of the audio display. The
AUDIO and TAKE buttons blink as well, which means that the audio configuration will be modified for AFV
operation. Press the TAKE button to confirm the modification.

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9.2.8 Storing a Configuration
To store a configuration, press the STO button, followed by input or an output button to mark the setup number.
For example, press STO followed by INPUT#3 button to store the current configuration in Setup#3 in the
internal non-volatile memory of the switcher. To abort an operation of the STO button once it was pressed,
press it again.
9.2.9 Recalling a Configuration
To recall a configuration, press the RCL button, followed by an input or an output button, marking the setup
number. For example, press RCL followed by INPUT# 3 button to recall Setup#3 from the internal non-
volatile memory of the switcher. To abort an operation of the RCL button once it was pressed, press it again.
9.2.10 Deleting a Setup
To delete a setup, press both the STO and the RCL buttons followed by the input button corresponding to the
setup number, which is to be deleted.
9.2.11 Using the "Take" Function
To activate the "Take" Function, press the TAKE button (the TAKE button illuminates). After each pressing of
the above-mentioned buttons, the TAKE button blinks together with the relevant numbers in the STATUS
display. Confirmation of the action is implemented by pressing the TAKE button again (the TAKE button then
stops blinking). If the STATUS display keeps on blinking for one minute (no button is pressed), the function
will be aborted. To abort implementing an operation in “Take” mode, press that button which originally caused
the display to blink.
9.2.12 Resetting the Machine
To reset the machine, press INPUTS buttons "1", "2" and "3" simultaneously. The machine resets itself and a 7-
segment self-test is automatically performed.
 Using the Back Panel Controls
The switcher ID numbers, the RS-232 / RS-485 settings, and the sync source selection are all configured on the
back panel of the machine.
9.3.1 Selecting the Sync Source
Input sync selection is made using the "Sync Select” button located on the back panel. For an external sync
operation, press the “Sync Select” button. For an internal sync operation, release the “Sync Select” button. This
modifies the input circuitry to select the required input sync source.
9.3.2 Setting the Configuration Switches
Setting the configuration switches is accomplished through a bank of DIP switches located on the back panel of
each Matrix Switcher. Table 3 describes the settings and configurations for each of the DIP switches. To set the
configuration switches, confirm that power to the Matrix Switcher is OFF, and with a small flathead
screwdriver, move the DIP switches to the "ON" or "OFF" position as shown in Table 3 and Figure 3.
Master/Slave DIP switches configure the Matrix Switcher for operation in a multiple switcher configuration. If a
Matrix Switcher is operating and being controlled independently, it should be assumed that it is operating in the
“Master” configuration.
Up to 8 Matrix Switchers may be cascaded for control via a single port by configuring one Matrix Switcher as a
"master", or ID number "1", while all the others are assigned as slave Matrix Switchers or an ID other than "1".
When RS-232 connection is implemented, DIP switch #8 allows you to enable RS-232 communication between
the Matrix Switcher and the PC. This is desirable, so that the controlling device “knows” that the controlled
device has carried out its instructions.When RS-485 connection is used for communication between the Matrix
Switcher and the PC, DIP switch #8 should be up ("OFF"). In some applications, it may be desirable for some
machines not to reply to instructions received on the RS-232 and RS-485 ports. In this scenario, you would
disable the “Reply”, or acknowledgement commands. DIP switch #5 enables or disables "reply" from the
Matrix Switcher to the PC.
In the case of interconnection between more than two RS-485 receivers-transmitters (including PC), the
termination resistor must be disconnected on all the devices, except the first and last machines on the
communication line. DIP switch#4 connects or disconnects the termination resistor.

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Table 3: DIP Switches Configuration
MACHINE
NUMBER
SELF ADDRESS DIP SWITCH DIP switch #4
"ON"= Connects the termination resistor.
"OFF"= Disconnects the termination
resistor.
2 1 0 3 2 1
DIP switch #5
"ON"= Enables reply from switcher to PC.
"OFF"= Disables reply from switcher to
PC.
1. (Master)
0 0 0 ON ON ON
DIP switch #6,
DIP switch #7
Not used
2.
0 0 1 ON ON OFF
DIP switch #8 "ON"= Enables RS-232 communication
between switcher and PC.
"OFF"= Enables RS-485 communication
between switcher and PC.
3.
0 1 0 ON OFF ON
4.
0 1 1 ON OFF OFF
5.
1 0 0 OFF ON ON
6.
1 0 1 OFF ON OFF
7.
1 1 0 OFF OFF ON
8.
1 1 1 OFF OFF OFF
Figure 3: DIP switches- General View
 RS-232 and RS-485 Operation
Connections made between your switcher and a PC are accomplished using your computer’s RS-232
communication port, or by connecting the PC to the RS-485 terminal block connector. Bear in mind that serial
communication between Matrix Switchers is always via RS-485 (see example in Figure 5). The RS-232 port is
either a DB-9 (9-pin port) or DB-25 (25-pin port). The cable connecting your switcher to the PC should be
wired as shown in Figure 4. A 9-25 pin adapter or 9-9 pin null-modem adapter is included for your convenience.
The null-modem adaptor is wired as shown in figure 4. If using the adaptor (recommended), plug it into the
PC’s serial port, and connect via a flat-cable from the other end of the adaptor to your switcher. Please keep in
mind that it is not recommended to extend an RS-232 signal beyond a length of 30 feet, without the use of an
RS-232 to RS-422 converter at both the PC and the switcher.
If five machines and a PC are cascaded together for example, using RS-485 interconnection, disconnect the
termination resistors on all machines except the fifth (see Figure 6). For similar setup, without a PC connected
on the RS-485 line, disconnect all resistors except for the first and fifth machines.

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Figure 4: RS-232 Control Connector Wiring
Figure 5: RS-232 and RS-485 Operation
Figure 6: Terminating the Line
 The PC Control Software
9.5.1 Installation
NOTE
The "K-Switch" PC Control Software is described
below. Another software package, "Kontrol", is also
available on the CD provided with the machine. Both
these programs are user-friendly, and most of the
details below also apply to Kontrol.
To install the Control Software perform the following steps:
1. Insert the program diskette #1 into the floppy drive of your PC.
2. Run from within Windows95/98 ® the Setup.exe file on the first diskette and follow the instructions.

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3. The K-Switch software & icon are automatically installed in a specific destination folder on the hard disk.
4. Once the K-Switch program ends its installation procedure, it is ready for its first run.
9.5.2 Software Controls
The software controls function as described below:
 Machine Number (where applicable)
The number of the machine in a group of chained Matrix Switchers, where each machine can be addressed
individually using this option. Note that machine number "1" is always the Master.
 INPUT selector buttons
When clicked, selects the inputs to be connected to the output/s. The input button default color is blue and it
turns red (for video) or yellow (for audio) when connected (clicked). Disconnecting an input is implemented
by clicking again the relevant input button.
 OUT buttons
This function is used in Matrix Switchers with more than 1 output. Numbers, buttons and descriptions of
corresponding outputs of the active switcher that are to be connected with the different inputs. The output
button default color is blue and it turns yellow when connected (clicked). Disconnecting an output is
implemented by clicking again the relevant output button.
NOTE
When modification of both video and audio crosspoints
had been performed, the relevant crosspoints button
turn half red/half yellow.

 AFV button
When clicked, selects the "Audio Follow Video" mode to enable AFV setting modification.
 Breakaway button

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When clicked, followed by crosspoint modification, Breakaway window appears to enable separate audio
and video modification. The user can select the desired mode: Video (video is modified only), Audio
(audio is modified only), Both (combined audio & video modification) or Cancel (abort current operation).
 STO button
When clicked, a sub-menu of setups list appears and the user selects the required setup number from the
list. The current status is then stored in the non-volatile memory of the switcher. (1-6 available setups for
the VS-606xl/VS-646 and 1-8 available setups for the VS-808xl/VS-848).
 RCL button
When clicked, a sub-menu of setups list appears, and the user selects a predetermined setup from the list
and then prompted whether he wants to load the current setup. Note that preoccupied setups locations
appear dim.
NOTE
Whenever a new setup is determined by the user, the
old setup in the same location is deleted! You are
prompted if you really want to delete the old setup.
 Save button
When clicked, saves the current configuration of all the chained Matrix Switchers: To save the
configuration: click on Save and finally click on the desired Setup Window Number. Note that after
clicking Save, the setup number buttons blink in red if occupied and in green if free. The saved setup can be
recalled by clicking the Recall button.

NOTE
1. Canceling Save/Recall functions and deactivating Setup Number
buttons can be implemented by clicking the Save/Recall
buttons once again, or by clicking the right button of the
mouse.
2. The Save function actually enables storing of additional setups
in the PC's memory. The setups can be named in the Setup
Description Labels (see below).
 Recall button
When clicked recalls a saved configuration (via the Save function) of all the chained Matrix Switchers in
the PC's memory and displays this on the screen. To recall a configuration, click on the Recall button and
then select the desired Setup Window Number.
 Switcher button
When clicked, allows you to select a different switcher model from the Switcher screen. When Switcher
screen appears, select the desired switcher and then click Select.
 Port button
Defines the active serial port (COM1-COM4) to which the Matrix Switcher is connected. To select a port,
click on the Port button. When the Port screen appears, select the desired port and then click Ok.
Switching a number from 1-4 followed by clicking the Save button, changes the active port number.

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 Help button
When clicked, a Kramer Matrix Switchers Help screen appears, allowing you to view either the
Communication protocol (by clicking the Communication Protocol button), or the current software
version (by clicking About). Click Ok after the selection is complete.
 
 Restart button
When clicked,
Displays the current configuration of the connected switcher on the screen.
 Exit button
When clicked, allows you to exit the program. You are prompted if you really want to exit.
 Input Description Labels
Used by the operator to name a selected input source. The input source name is saved when the Save button
is clicked.
 OUT Description Labels
Used by the operator to name a selected output acceptor. The output acceptor name is saved when the Save
button is clicked.
 Setup Description Labels (located to the right of Save & Recall buttons)
Used by the operator to name each setup. The setup names correspond to the Setup window numbers and
are stored when the Save button is clicked. Note that when a setup location is already occupied, the relevant
Setup window number turns red.
9.5.3 Using the PC Control Software
Included with your switcher is a CD-ROM with software and drivers for several Kramer products. After
installing the K-Switch program perform the following steps:
1. Connect your Matrix Switcher to an identified serial port of the PC.
2. Turn on the Matrix Switcher.
3. Open the folder where the program was installed (the default folder is named K-Switch) and double click
on the K-Switch icon. You may create a shortcut to the program and locate it in a convenient location.
4. When the program is launched for the first time, the Port screen appears together with the Switcher
screen. Select the active serial port (COM1-COM4) to which the Matrix Switcher is connected and then
click Ok. The Port screen disappears and the Switcher screen remains.
5. Select the desired Matrix Switcher model and then click the Select button to confirm your selection.

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NOTE
If the program was launched before, the Main Menu
appears immediately with the previously saved port
number, Matrix Switcher model, setup locations and
INPUT/OUTPUT labels and displays the current
configuration of the Matrix Switcher.
6. The Main Menu (with the Matrix Switcher model number on top) appears.
7. If properly connected and with the right COM selected, you can identify your Matrix Switcher and view an
image representing its control panel on the PC monitor (with the current configuration).
8. If the COM or Matrix Switcher are not properly selected, "COMMUNICATION ERROR" message
appears.

9. Select the desired inputs and outputs, and mode of operation and store your setups if necessary using the
 !"#$
10. To exit the program, click the "Exit" button. You are prompted if you really want to exit.
NOTE
When clicking "Exit", the program automatically stores
the active port number and your Matrix Switcher ID. When
the program is run again, this port and Matrix Switcher
ID automatically reappear.
 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
 Basic Video-Audio Setup
One of the most common video formats is composite video. Figure 7 describes a typical composite video setup
using the VS-808
XL
in this case. Three video-audio sources, three video-audio acceptors, and a genlock source
are connected to the machine, while control of the Matrix Switcher is implemented via the PC using RS-232
communication.
Perform the following steps (as necessary):
1. Connect all video-audio sources to the video-audio inputs of the Matrix Switcher.
2. Connect all video-audio acceptors to the video-audio outputs of the Matrix Switcher.
3. Operate the Matrix Switcher, PC sources and acceptors.
4. Select the required video input to be switched, using front panel input selector pushbuttons (or the K-
Switch program controls).

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 
 Component switching using Multiple Matrix Switchers
A commonly used video format is component video, and switching the three signals (components)
simultaneously is sometimes a complicated task. Using several Matrix Switchers, however, this can be done
very easily and efficiently. This is done by dedicating each switcher to a single component.
For example, for an 8 input, 8 output RGBS matrix switcher, 4 VS-808xl’s would be used – one for the Red
component, one for Green, one for Blue, and one for Sync. Each component of the RGBS signal is then
connected to the same input (or output) number on the switcher. For example, the first RGBS source is
connected to Input #1 on the 4 switchers, the second is connected to Input #2 on the switchers, etc. The
switchers are configured to mirror each other, so the input to output connections are identical on all 4 machines!
In order to switch during the vertical interval when working in this way, the switchers should be configured for
operation using the “Ext. Sync”. A sync source should then be connected to all the machines (for RGB this
could be the Green channel, and for YUV this could be the Y channel).
The examples below detail the building of RGB matrices. The same principles may be used for YC (2
switchers), YUV (3 switchers), RGBS (4 switchers), and RGBHV (5 switchers).
10.2.1 RGB/YUV Switching with RS-232 (e.g. PC Control)
Figure 8 describes a typical component video/RGB setup where every video signal is composed of three sub
signals (components) which should be switched together. (Note that this discussion is also valid for YUV
components ).
For RS-232 control of the component matrix switcher, an additional piece of equipment would be required.
Since RS-232 can only be used for control between 2 pieces of equipment (e.g. a PC and a switcher), we need a
method of “distributing” the RS-232 to all 3 machines. The Kramer VP-14 “RS-232 Port Extender” is designed
for this purpose.

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Perform the following steps (as necessary):
1. Connect the RGB sources to the VIDEO INPUTS connectors of the Matrix Switchers, connecting the “R”
components to Matrix Switcher #1, “G” to #2, and “B” to #3. Make sure that each component of a video
source is connected to the same input number on the three switchers.
2. Similarly, connect the RGB acceptors to the VIDEO OUTPUTS connectors of Matrix Switchers #1 to #3.
3. If the video sources are synchronized, and vertical interval switching is desired, connect sync sources to all
3 machines, and select to work with “Ext. Sync” (selector switch pressed in).
4. Assign all 3 machines as machine number #1 (see Table 3: “DIP Switches Configuration" for more
information).
5. Set DIP switch #5 (Reply) of the first machine to "ON". Set to "OFF" for the other machines.
6. Set DIP switch #8 of all the machines to "ON" (RS-232 communication between switchers and external
controller).
7. Connect the serial port of the PC to a port on the VP-14, and connect each switcher to a VP-14 port.
Configure the DIP-switches of the VP-14 for the 4 ports which were connected.
8. Operate the Matrix Switchers, PC, VP-14, RGB sources and RGB acceptors
 The inputs can now be switched to the outputs. This is done via the front panel switches of the first
switcher, and/or via the PC.
10.2.2 RGB/YUV Switching with RS-485 Control (or no External Control)
Communication between the switchers is implemented via RS-485, which could also be extended to an external
controller.
Perform the following steps (as necessary):
1. Repeat steps 1-3 of section 10.2.1.
2. Connect the RS-485 terminal block connectors of all the Matrix Switchers in parallel using RS-485 cable,
and connect to also an external controller if required.
3. Assign all the machines with the same machine number - but NOT machine #1 - using the DIP switches
located at the back of the machine, (as described in Table : “DIP Switches Configuration").
4. NOTE: The machines are all assigned as slaves having the same machine number. A master machine is
not assigned.
5. Set DIP switch #4 (RS-485 termination) of the third machine to "ON" and of the second machine to
"OFF". If an RS-485 external controller is connected, then DIP switch #4 of the first machine should be set
to "OFF"; if no external controller is used, set this switch to "ON".
6. Set DIP switch #5 (Reply) of the first machine to "ON". Set to "OFF" for the other machines.
7. Operate the Matrix Switchers, controller (if used), RGB sources and RGB acceptors.
8. The inputs can now be switched to the outputs. This is done via the front panel switches of the first
switcher, and/or via the external controller.