Leadshine Technology M415B User manual

User sManual
For
M415B
MicroMicrostepping Driver
Version 2.0
2000 All Rights Reserved
Attention: Pleaseread thismanual carefully beforeusing the driver!
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T: (86)755-26434369 F: (86)755-26402718
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2000 byLeadshineTechnologyCompanyLimited.
All RightsReserved

Contents
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Tableof Contents
1. Introduction, Features andApplications....................................................................1
Introduction...........................................................................................................1
Features.................................................................................................................1
Applications..........................................................................................................2
2. Specifications............................................................................................................2
ElectricalSpecifications........................................................................................2
OperatingEnvironment andOther Specifications.................................................2
MechanicalSpecifications.....................................................................................3
EliminationofHeat...............................................................................................3
3. PinAssignment andDescription...............................................................................3
Connector P1 Configurations................................................................................3
Connector P2 Configurations................................................................................4
4. ControlSignalConnector(P1) Interface...................................................................4
5. ConnectingtheMotor...............................................................................................5
Connectionsto4-leadMotors...............................................................................5
Connectionsto6-leadMotors...............................................................................5
Half CoilConfigurations...............................................................................5
Full CoilConfigurations................................................................................6
Connectionsto8-leadMotors...............................................................................6
Series Connections........................................................................................6
ParallelConnections......................................................................................6
6. Power SupplySelection............................................................................................7
RegulatedorUnregulatedPower Supply..............................................................7
MultipleDrivers....................................................................................................7
SelectingSupplyVoltage:.....................................................................................8
7. SelectingMicrostepResolution andDriver Output Current.....................................8
MicrostepResolution Selection............................................................................8
CurrentSettings.....................................................................................................8
Dynamic current setting................................................................................9
Contents
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Standstill Current...........................................................................................9
8.WiringNotes.............................................................................................................9
9.TypicalConnections..................................................................................................9
10.Sequence Chartof Control Signals.......................................................................10
11. ProtectionFunction...............................................................................................11
12.FrequentlyAskedQuestions..................................................................................11
ProblemSymptoms and PossibleCauses............................................................12
APPENDIX.................................................................................................................14
TwelveMonthLimitedWarranty........................................................................14
Exclusions...........................................................................................................14
ObtainingWarrantyService................................................................................14
WarrantyLimitations...........................................................................................14
ShippingFailedProduct......................................................................................14

M415BMicroMicrosteppingDriverManualV2.0
Tel: [phone] 1WebSite: www.leadshine.com
1. Introduction, Features and Applications
Introduction
TheM415B isaverysmall sizehigh performancemicrostepping driverbasedononeof themost
advancedtechnologiesintheworld today.It ssuitablefordriving any2-phaseand4-phase hybrid
stepping motors. Byusingadvancedbipolarconstant-current chopping technique, itcanoutput
morespeedandpowerfromthesame motor,comparedwith traditionaldriverssuchasL/R
drivers.
Features
lHigh performance,low cost
lSupplyvoltage upto +40VDC
lOutput currentupto 1.5A
lInaudible 20KHz chopping frequency
lTTLcompatibleand opticallyisolatedinput
signals
lAutomaticidle-current reduction
lMixed-decaycurrentcontrolforless motor
heating
l7selectable microstepresolutions:1,2,4,8,
16, 32, 64
lSuitablefor2-phase and4-phase motors
lProtectionagainstpowerleads(+, -)reversal
lSmall size:86*55*20mm
Applications
Suitableforawiderangeof stepping motorsfrom NEMAsize14to23,whichusedinvariouskinds
of machines,suchasX-Ytables,labeling machines, lasercutters,engravingmachines, pick-place
devices,andetc.It sspeciallyadaptedtotheapplicationsdesiredwith lowvibration,high speedand
high precision.
2. Specifications
Electrical Specifications (Tj= 25 )
Parameters M415B
Supplyvoltage +15 to40 VDC
Typicalsupplyvoltage +24－+36 VDC
Output current(Peak) 0.21 to1.5A
Microstepresolutions 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,64.
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OperatingEnvironment and OtherSpecifications
Cooling NaturalCoolingor forcedcooling
Environment Avoid dust,oilfog and corrosivegases
Ambient Temperature 0 －50
Humidity 40%RH －90%RH
Operating Temperature 70Max
Operating
Environment
Vibration 5.9m/s2 Max
StorageTemperature -20 －65
Weight Approx. 150 gram (5.3oz)
Mechanical Specifications (unit=mm, 1inch=25.4mm)
Figure1: Mechanical dimensions
*Recommend use sidemounting for betterheatdissipation
Eliminationof Heat
lDriver sreliable working temperatureshould be<65, motorworking temperatureshouldbe
<80;
lRecommend useautomatichalf-currentmode, namelycurrentautomaticallybereducedto 60%
whenmotor stops, soas to decrease driverheatingand motorheating;
lRecommend use side mountingtomaximizeheatsink area.

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3. PinAssignmentand Description
TheM415B hastwoconnectors, connectorP1forcontrolsignalsconnections, andconnectorP2for
powerandmotorconnections. Thefollowingtablesarebriefdescriptionsofthetwo connectorsofthe
M415B. More detaileddescriptionsof thepins and relatedissuesarepresentedinsection 4, 5, 9.
ConnectorP1Configurations
PinFunction Details
PUL
Pulsesignal:Thisinputrepresentspulsesignal,effectiveforeachrising edge;
4-5VwhenPUL-HIGH,0-0.5VwhenPUL-LOW.For reliableresponse, pulse
width should belongerthan1.5ms.Seriesconnect resistorsfor current-limiting
when+12Vor +24Vused.
DIR
Direction signal: HIGH/LOWlevelsignal,correlativetomotor rotation
direction.Forreliable response,DIR mustbeaheadof PULby5msatleast.
4-5VwhenDIR- HIGH,0-0.5VwhenDIR-LOW.Motor rotation direction also
dependsupontheconnectionofthemotorwindings,exchangeanymotor
phase canreverse motor rotation direction.
OPTO Opto-couplerpowersupply,and the typicalvoltage is +5V.
ENA
Enablesignal: Thissignalisusedfor enabling/disabling driver.High levelfor
enabling driverand low levelfor disabling driver.Usuallyleft unconnected
(enabled).
ConnectorP2Configurations
PinFunction Details
Gnd DC powerground
+V DC powersupply,15~40VDC,Includingvoltagefluctuation and EMF
voltage.
A+,A- Motor PhaseA
B+, B- Motor Phase B
4. ControlSignalConnector(P1)Interface
TheM415B usesopto-couplersto increase noiseimmunityand interfaceflexibility.If the
opto-couplers supplyvoltageishigherthan+5V,acurrent-limitingresistor needstobeconnected
ateachinput signalto preventoverheating theopto-couplers.In thefollowing figure, connections
to open-collectorand differencecontrollerareillustrated.
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Figure2: Connections toopen-collectorsignal (common-anode)
Figure3: Connections todifference control signal
5. Connecting the Motor
The M415B drivercandriveany2-pahse and4-pahse hybridstepping motors.
Connections to4-lead Motors
4leadmotorsaretheleastflexiblebuteasiestto wire.Speedand torquewilldepend on winding
inductance.Insetting thedriveroutputcurrent,multiplythespecifiedphasecurrent by1.4to
determinethe peakoutputcurrent.
Figure4: 4-leadMotor Connections

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Connections to6-lead Motors
Like8leadstepping motors,6leadmotorshavetwo configurationsavailableforhigh speedor high
torqueoperation.Thehigherspeedconfiguration,or halfcoil, issodescribedbecauseit usesonehalf
of themotor sinductor windings.Thehighertorqueconfiguration,or full coil,uses thefullwindings
of thephases.
Half CoilConfigurations
Aspreviouslystated,thehalf coil configuration uses50% of themotor phasewindings.Thisgives
lowerinductance, hence,lowertorqueoutput.Liketheparallelconnection of8leadmotor,thetorque
output willbemorestableathigherspeeds. Thisconfiguration isalsoreferredto ashalf chopper.In
settingthedriveroutput currentmultiplythespecifiedperphase (or unipolar)currentratingby1.4to
determinethe peakoutputcurrent.
Figure5: 6-leadmotor halfcoil (higherspeed) connections
Full CoilConfigurations
Thefull coilconfiguration on asix leadmotor should beusedinapplicationswherehighertorqueat
lowerspeedsisdesired.Thisconfiguration isalsoreferredto asfull copper.Infull coil mode,the
motorsshould be run atonly70%of theirratedcurrenttoprevent overheating.
Figure6: 6-leadmotor full coil (highertorque)connections
Connections to8-lead Motors
8leadmotorsofferahighdegreeofflexibilitytothesystemdesignerinthat theymaybeconnected
in seriesor parallel, thussatisfyinga wide rangeofapplications.
SeriesConnections
Aseriesmotorconfiguration would typicallybeusedin applicationswherea highertorqueatlower
speedsisrequired. Because thisconfiguration hasthe mostinductance,the performancewillstartto
M415BMicroMicrosteppingDriverManualV2.0
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degradeathigherspeeds. In series mode, the motorsshould alsobe run atonly70%of theirrated
currenttoprevent overheating.
Figure7: 8-leadmotor seriesconnections
ParallelConnections
An 8leadmotorin aparallelconfigurationoffersa morestable,but lowertorqueatlowerspeeds. But
becauseofthelowerinductance,therewillbehighertorqueathigherspeeds.Multiplytheperphase
(or unipolar)current rating by1.96,or thebipolarcurrentrating by1.4,to determinethepeakoutput
current.
Figure8: 8-leadmotor parallel connections
6. PowerSupply Selection
TheM415B canmatchmediumand smallsizestepping motors(fromNEMAsize14 to23) madeby
Leadshineorothermotor manufacturesaround theworld. Toachievegooddrivingperformances, itis
important to selectsupplyvoltageandoutputcurrent properly.Generallyspeaking,supplyvoltage
determinesthehigh speedperformance of themotor,whileoutput current determinestheoutput
torqueof thedrivenmotor (particularlyatlowerspeed).Highersupplyvoltagewill allow higher
motor speedtobe achieved,atthepriceofmorenoise andheating.Ifthemotionspeedrequirement is
low, it sbettertouse lowersupplyvoltageto decrease noise,heating and improvereliability.
Regulated orUnregulated PowerSupply
Both regulatedandunregulatedpowersuppliescanbeusedtosupplythedriver.However,
unregulatedpowersuppliesarepreferredduetotheir abilityto withstand currentsurge. If regulated
powersupplies(suchasmostswitchingsupplies.)areindeedused,itisimportanttohavelarge
currentoutputratingto avoid problemslikecurrent clamp,forexampleusing4Asupplyfor3A
motor-driveroperation. On the otherhand,if unregulatedsupplyisused, one mayuse a powersupply
of lowercurrent ratingthanthatof motor (typically50%～70%ofmotor current).Thereason isthat

M415BMicroMicrosteppingDriverManualV2.0
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thedriverdrawscurrentfromthepowersupplycapacitoroftheunregulatedsupplyonlyduringthe
ON duration of thePWM cycle,but not during theOFF duration.Therefore, theaveragecurrent
withdrawn frompowersupplyisconsiderablyless thanmotor current.For example, two 3Amotors
canbe wellsuppliedbyone powersupplyof4Arating.
Multiple Drivers
It isrecommendedtohavemultipledriversto shareonepowersupplytoreducecost,if thesupply
hasenoughcapacity.Toavoid cross interference, DO NOT daisy-chainthepowersupplyinputpins
of thedrivers. (Instead,please connectthem to powersupplyseparately.)
SelectingSupply Voltage:
ThepowerMOSFETSinsidetheM415B canactuallyoperate within+15V～+40VDC,including
powerinput fluctuation and backEMF voltagegeneratedbymotor coilsduring motor shaft
deceleration.Highersupplyvoltagecanincreasemotor torqueathigherspeeds,thushelpfulfor
avoiding losing steps.However,highervoltagemaycausebiggermotor vibrationatlowerspeed,and
it mayalsocauseover-voltageprotection orevendriverdamage. Therefore,itissuggestedtochoose
onlysufficientlyhigh supplyvoltagefor intendedapplications, and itissuggestedto use power
supplieswiththeoreticaloutputvoltageof+24～+36V,leavingroomfor powerfluctuation and
back-EMF.
7. Selecting Microstep Resolution and DriverOutputCurrent
Thisdriverusesa6-bitDIPswitchto setmicrostepresolution,andmotor operatingcurrent,asshown
below:
Microstep Resolution Selection
Microstepresolution issetbySW4, SW5, SW6of the DIPswitch asshown in the following table:
Microstep Steps/rev.(for1.8 motor) SW4 SW5 SW6
1 200 ON ON ON
2 400 OFF ON ON
4 800 ON OFF ON
8 1600 OFF OFF ON
16 3200 ON ON OFF
32 6400 OFF ON OFF
64 12800 ON OFF OFF
M415BMicroMicrosteppingDriverManualV2.0
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Current Settings
For agivenmotor,higherdrivercurrentwillmakethemotor to output moretorque, butatthesame
timecausesmoreheating inthe motor and driver.Therefore,output currentisgenerallysettobesuch
thatthemotor will notoverheatforlong time operation.Sinceparalleland serialconnectionsof
motor coilswill significantlychangeresulting inductance and resistance, itisthereforeimportantto
setdriveroutputcurrentdepending onmotorphasecurrent,motor leadsandconnection methods.
Phasecurrentrating suppliedbymotor manufacturerisimportantin selecting drivercurrent,however
the selectionalsodependsonleadsand connections.
Thefirstthreebits(SW1,2,3) oftheDIPswitchareusedto setthedynamiccurrent.Selectasetting
closestto yourmotor srequiredcurrent.
Dynamiccurrentsetting
Peakcurrent(A) SW1 SW2 SW3
0.21A OFF ON ON
0.42A ON OFF ON
0.63A OFF OFF ON
0.84A ON ON OFF
1.05A OFF ON OFF
1.26A ON OFF OFF
1.50A OFF OFF OFF
Notes: Duetomotor inductance, theactualcurrent in thecoil maybesmallerthanthedynamic
currentsettings,particularlyunderhigh speedcondition.
Standstill Current
Thestandstill current of theM415B will automaticallybereducedto 60% of theselecteddynamic
current setting onesecond afterthelastpulse.Theoretically,thiswill reduce motor heating to 36%
(duetoP=I2*R)of theoriginalvalue.Iftheapplicationneedsadifferentstandstill current,please
contactLeadshine.
8. Wiring Notes
lIn orderto improveanti-interference performance of thedriver,it isrecommendedto use
twistedpairshield cable.
lTopreventnoiseincurredinpulse/dirsignal,pulse/direction signalwiresandmotor wires
should not betiedup together.It isbetterto separatethembyatleast10 cm,otherwisethe
disturbing signalsgeneratedbymotor will easilydisturb pulsedirection signals,causing motor
position error,systeminstabilityand otherfailures.
lIf apowersupplyservesseveraldrivers,separatelyconnecting thedriversisrecommended

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insteadof daisy-chaining.
lIt isprohibitedtopull and plugconnector P2whilethedriverispoweredON,becausethereis
high currentflowing throughmotor coils(evenwhenmotor isat standstill).Pulling or plugging
connector P2with poweron willcauseextremelyhigh back-EMF voltagesurge,whichmay
damage the driver.
9. TypicalConnections
Acompletestepping systemshould includestepping motor,stepping driver,powersupplyand
controller(pulse generator).Thefollowing figures aretwo typicalconnectionsof the M415B.
Figure9:Typical connectionwithopen-collector controller
Figure10:Typical connection withdifference controller
10. Sequence ChartofControlSignals
In ordertoavoidsomefault operationsand deviations,PUL, DIR and ENAshould abidebysome
rules, shown asfollowing diagram:
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Figure11: Sequence chart of control signals
Notes:
(1) t1:ENAmustbeaheadofDIR byatleast5ms, logicHIGH aseffective.GenerallyENA+
and ENA- isNC (not connected).
(2) t2:DIRmustbeaheadofPULeffectivetrailingedgebyatleast5mstoensurecorrect
direction;
(3) t3:Pulse width not less than1.5ms;
(4) t4:lowlevelwidth notless than1.5ms.
11. Protection Function
TheM415B incorporatespowerleads(+,-) reversalprotection function to protecttheM415B
damagedbypowerleads(+, -)reversal.
12. FrequentlyAsked Questions
In theevent thatyourM415B doesn toperateproperly,thefirststepisto identifywhetherthe
problemiselectricalor mechanicalin nature.Thenextstepistoisolatethesystem component thatis
causing theproblem.Aspartof thisprocess you mayhaveto disconnecttheindividualcomponents
thatmakeup your systemandverifythattheyoperateindependently.Itisimportanttodocument
eachstepin thetroubleshooting process.You mayneedthisdocumentation to referbackto atalater
date,and thesedetailswillgreatlyassistour TechnicalSupportstaffin determining theproblem
should youneedassistance.
Manyoftheproblemsthataffect motion controlsystemscanbetracedto electricalnoise,controller
softwareerrors,or mistakein wiring.

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Problem Symptoms and Possible Causes
Symptoms Possible Problems
No power
Microstepresolution settingiswrong
DIPswitchcurrent setting iswrong
Fault condition exists
Motorisnot rotating
The driverisdisabled
Motorrotatesin thewrongdirection Motor phasesmaybeconnectedin reverse
DIPswitchcurrent setting iswrong
The driverinfault Something wrong with motorcoil
Control signalistoo weak
Control signalisinterfered
Wrong motor connection
Something wrong with motorcoil
Erratic motormotion
Current settingistoo small, losingsteps
Current settingistoo small
Motor isundersizedfortheapplication
Acceleration issettoo high
Motorstallsduringacceleration
Powersupplyvoltage toolow
Inadequateheatsinking /cooling
Automaticcurrent reductionfunctionnot beingutilized
Excessive motorand driverheating
Current issettoohigh
M415BMicroMicrosteppingDriverManualV2.0
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APPENDIX
TwelveMonth Limited Warranty
LeadshineTechnologyCo., Ltd.warrantsitsproductsagainstdefectsinmaterialsand
workmanship for aperiod of12monthsfromshipment outof factory.Duringthewarrantyperiod,
Leadshine willeither,atitsoption, repairor replace productswhichprovedto be defective.
Exclusions
The abovewarrantydoesnotextend toanyproductdamagedbyreasonsof improperor inadequate
handlingsbycustomer,improperor inadequatecustomerwirings,unauthorizedmodificationor
misuse, oroperationbeyondtheelectricalspecificationsoftheproductand/oroperationbeyond
environmentalspecificationsforthe product.
ObtainingWarrantyService
Toobtainwarrantyservice,areturnedmaterialauthorization number(RMA) mustbeobtained
fromcustomerserviceate-mail: [e-mail] beforereturningproductforservice.
Customershall prepayshippingchargesfor productsreturnedtoLeadshinefor warrantyservice,
and Leadshine shallpayfor returnof productstocustomer.
WarrantyLimitations
Leadshinemakes no otherwarranty,eitherexpressedor implied,withrespectto theproduct.
Leadshinespecificallydisclaimstheimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantabilityand fitness fora
particularpurpose. Somejurisdictionsdo notallow limitationsonhow long andimpliedwarranty
lasts, sothe abovelimitationor exclusionmaynot applytoyou.However,anyimpliedwarrantyof
merchantabilityor fitness islimitedtothe 12-month duration ofthiswrittenwarranty.
ShippingFailed Product
If yourproductfail during thewarrantyperiod,e-mail customerserviceat [e-mail] to
obtain areturnedmaterialauthorization number(RMA) beforereturning productforservice.
Please includeawrittendescription oftheproblemalongwithcontactname andaddress. Send
failedproducttodistributor in yourareaor:LeadshineTechnologyCo., Ltd.Floor 3,Block2,
Nanyou TiananIndustryPark,NanshanDist,Shenzhen,China. Alsoencloseinformationregarding
thecircumstances prior toproductfailure.