Motorola R-2002A User manual

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MOTOROLA ll'ttiC.
Communications
Group
R-2001A/R-2002A
COMMUNICATIONSSYSTEM
ANALYZER
© Motorola, Inc. 1980
All Rights Reserved
Pr i nted in U.S.A . 1313 E.
Algonquin Road, Schaumburg , II. 60196 68P81069A84-0
5/ 30/80- SK

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paragraph Page
FOREWORD
................................................................................ .
SECTION 1
1-1
Introduction .............................................................................. 1-1
SECTION 2 - DESCRIPTION
2-1 Description ............................................................................... 2-1
2-3 Microprocessor ........................................................................... 2-1
2-4 Display .................................................................................. 2-1
2-5 System Warnings ......................................................................... 2-1
2-6 Functions ................................................................................ 2-1
2-7 AM, FM, CW, DSB Signal Generation ...................................................... 2-2
2-8 Simultaneous
Modulation ................................................................. 2-2
2-9
Modulation Display ....................................................................... 2-2
2-1 0 Sweep Generation ........................................................................ 2-2
2-11 SINAD Metering .......................................................................... 2-2
2-12
Multi-Mode Code Synthesizer ............................................................. 2-2
2-13
Off-The-Air Monitor ...................................................................... 2-2
2-14 IF Display
................................................................................ 2-2
2-15 Spectrum Analyzer
....................................................................... 2-3
2-16 RF
Burnout Protection ............ , ....................................................... 2-3
2-17 Terminated
RF Power Measurement ....................................................... 2-3
2-18
In-Line Power Measurement. ......................................................... , .... 2-3
2-19 Duplex
Generator ........................................................................ 2-3
2-20 500-kHz
Oscilloscope ..................................................................... 2-3
2-21 Frequency Counter ....................................................................... 2-4
2-22
AC/DC Voltmeter ......................................................................... 2-4
2-23 Power
Supply ............................................................................ 2-4
2-24 Accessories
.............................................................................. 2-4
SECTION 3- INSTALLATION
3-1 Packing Information ...................................................................... 3-1
3-4 Initial Setup .............................................................................. 3-1
3-5 Analyzer ................................................................................. 3-1
3-6 Battery Pack ............................................................................. 3-2
3-7
Blower Assembly ......................................................................... 3-2
SECTION 4 - OPERATION
4-1 General .................................................................................. 4-1
4-3 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors ...................................................... 4-1
4-5 Operation ............................................................................... 4-12
4-7 Calibrate
................................................................................ 4-12

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)
Paragraph Page
SECTION 4- OPERATION (CONT)
4-8 Generator Operation ..................................................................... 4-13
4-9 Duplex Generation ...................................................................... 4-14
4-10 Frequency Counter ...................................................................... 4-15
4-11 Spectrum Analyzer ...................................................................... 4-15
4-12 Monitor ................................................................................. 4-16
4-13 Ext Wattmeter ........................................................................... 4-17
4-14 Simultaneous Generate and Measurement Operations ..................................... 4-17
SECTION 5 - MAINTENANCE
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5-1 Service ................................................................................... 5-1
5-6 Replacement Parts Ordering .............................................................. 5-1
5-9 Addresses ................................................................................ 5-1
5-10 General Offices ........................................................................... 5-1
5-11 U.S.Orders .............................................................................. 5-2
5-12 Canadian Motorola Electronics Company .................................................. 5-2
5-13 All Countries Except U. S. and Canada .................................................... 5-2
5-14 Major Assemblies .......................................................................... 5-4 ,...._
5-16 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 5-5 4
5-17 General .................................................................................. 5-5
5-20 System Control ........................................................................... 5-5 ,._
5-25 Generate Mode ........................................................................... 5-5
5-34 Power Meter ............................................................................ 5-11
5-40 Monitor Mode ........................................................................... 5-12 -
5-52 Duplex Generator ....................................................................... 5-14
5-56 Code Synthesizer ........................................................................ 5-15
5-65 Frequency Counter ...................................................................... 5-17
5-71 Digital Voltmeter (DVM) .................................................................. 5-17 :
5-84 Oscilloscope ............................................................................ 5-19
5-96 Sinad Meter ............................................................................. 5-21
5-99 Alignment Procedure .................................................................... 5-22
5-100 Introduction .................... .' ........................................................ 5-22
5-102 Test Equipment Required ................................................................ 5-22 .-
5-104 Preparation for Alignment ................................................................ 5-23
5-105 Basic Alignment Procedure .............................................................. 5-23
5-118 Extended Alignment Procedure ........................................................... 5-27 ~
5-126 Checkout Procedure ..................................................................... 5-32
5-127 Introduction ............................................................................. 5-32
5-129 Test Equipment Required ................................................................ 5-32 ..,...
5-131 Procedure ............................................................................... 5-33
5-146 System Troubleshooting ................................................................. 5-37
SECTION 6- SYSTEM INTERCONNECT AND PARTS LISTS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)
Paragraph Page
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SECTION 7- LOW VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY (A1)
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7-1
General .................................................................................. 7-1
7-2
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Input Power Control ..................................................................•... 7-1
7-6
DC Output Control ....................................................................... 7-1
7-9 Protection
Circuitry ....................................................................... 7-1
7-13
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High Voltage Supply Control .............................................................. 7-2
SECTION 8 - SCOPE AMPLIFIER (A2)
,....,
8-1
General .................................................................................. 8-1
8-2 Deflection
Amplifiers ..................................................................... 8-1
8-3 Horizontal Timebase Generator
........................................................... 8-1
-8-5 Horizontal
Switching ...................................................................... 8-1
8-6
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8-8 Intensity
Control ......................................................................... 8-1
Focus Control ............................................................................ 8-1
r 8-9 Astigmatism, Geometry, and Trace Rotation
............................................... 8-1
SECTION 9 - SCOPE/DVM CONTROL MODULE (A3)
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9-1
General .................................................................................. 9-1
9-4 Scope Vertical
Control .................................................................... 9-1
9-7 SSB Detection
............................................................................ 9-1
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9-8
i 455 kHz PLL
............................................................................. 9-2
t 9-9 Scope Horizontal
Control ................................................................. 9-2
9-11 Synthesizer Sweep
Control ................................................................ 9-2
-9-12 Scope
Z-Axis Control ..................................................................... 9-2
9-13
Modulation Display Control ............................................................... 9-2
9-17 Peak
Detector ............................................................................ 9-3
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9-18 DVM
Control ............................................................................. 9-3
9-21
SINAD Detection ......................................................................... 9-4
9-22
Module Control ........................................................................... 9-4
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SECTION 10- RECEIVER (A4)
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10-1 General
................................................................................. 10-1
10-2 Down Converter ......................................................................... 10-1
10-4 Linear IF Amplifier and Detectors ......................................................... 10-1
10-8 Audio Switching and Filtering ............................................................ 10-1
10-10 Logarithmic Amplifier and Detector ....................................................... 10-2
10-11 Alarm
Generator and Audio Amplifier ..................................................... 10-2
10-12 Module Control. ......................................................................... 10-2
SECTION 11 - RF SYNTHESIZER (AS)
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11-1
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General ................................................................................. 11-1
11-2 Frequency Synthesis Scheme
............................................................ 11-1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)
Paragraph Page
SECTION 11- RF SYNTHESIZER (AS) (CONT)
11-5 310-440 MHz Phase Locked Loop ........................................................ 11-1
11-6 60.5 MHz Phase Locked Loop
............................................................ 11-1
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11-7 550 MHz Phase Locked Loop ............................................................. 11-1
11-9 500-1000 MHz Phase Locked Loop ....................................................... 11-2
11-10 Modulation Control ...................................................................... 11-2
11-11 Module
Control .......................................................................... 11-2
SECTION 12- AUDIO SYNTHESIZER (A6)
12-1 General ................................................................................. 12-1
12-2 Private Line Generator ................................................................... 12-1
12-7 DPL Generator .......................................................................... 12-1
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12-10 1 kHz Tone .............................................................................. 12-2
12-11 External
Modulation ..................................................................... 12-2
12-12 Modulation
Control ...................................................................... 12-2 1
12-14 Module Control .......................................................................... 12-2
SECTION 13- PROCESSOR 1/0 MODULE (A7)
13-1 General ................................................................................. 13-1
13-2 10.245 MHz Phase Locked Loop .......................................................... 13-1
13-3 System Control Bus Interface ............................................................ 13-1
13-6 DVM .................................................................................... 13-1
13-8 Frequency Counter ...................................................................... 13-1
SECTION 14 -IEEE INTERFACE MODULE (AS)
14-1 General ................................................................................. 14-1
14.2 IEEE Bus Interface ...................................................................... 14-1
14-3 RF Level Control ........................................................................ 14-1
14-5 Modulation Control ...................................................................... 14-1
14-6 Address Decode and Control Latches ..................................................... 14-1
SECTION 15- PROCESSOR MODULE (A9)
15-1 General ................................................................................. 15-1
15-2 Processor ............................................................................... 15-1
15-6 Character Generator ..................................................................... 15-1
SECTION 16- HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY (A10)
16-1 General ................................................................................. 16-1
16-2 High Voltage Supply ..................................................................... 16-1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT)
Paragraph Page
SECTION 17- RF INPUT MODULE (A11)
17-1 General
................................................................................. 17-1
17-2
Input Protection and Power Meter ......................................................... 17-1
17-4 Wideband
Amplifier and Frequency Converter ............................................. 17-1
17-9 Duplex Generator
....................................................................... 17-2
SECTION 18- FRONT PANEL INTERFACE MODULE
18-1 General ................................................................................. 18-1
18-2 Input Coupling and Ranging ............................................................. 18-1
18-4 DVM Buffer ............................................................................. 18-1
18-5 Frequency Counter Preamp .............................................................. 18-1
18-6 Scope Vertical Preamp ................................................................... 18-1
18-7 Scope Horizontal Preamp ................................................................ 18-1
18-8 Control and Display Interface ............................................................ 18-1
SECTION 19- 10 MHz FREQUENCY STANDARD MODULE (A13)
19-1 General ................................................................................. 19-1
SECTION 20- FRONT PANEL (A14)
SECTION 21 -BLOWER ASSEMBLY
SECTION 22 -IEEE -488 BUS CONTROL
22-1 Introduction ........................................................................... 22-1
22-7 IEEE-488 Bus Structure ................................................................ 22-3
22-9 Bus Signals
........................................................................... 22-3
22-10 Data Transfer
......................................................................... 22-3
22-12 Programming
.......................................................................... 22-3
22-15 Command
Structure ................................................................... 22-4
22-24 Command Strings
.................................................................... 22-10
22-25 Command Types ..................................................................... 22-1 0
22-29 Trigger Command .................................................................... 22-10
22-30 Return Data
.......................................................................... 22-10
22-35 Programming Commands
............................................................. 22-11
22-36 Terminal Mode ....................................................................... 22-11
22-42 Error Messages ....................................................................... 22-11
22-45 Service Requests ..................................................................... 22-14
22-46 Programming Considerations
......................................................... 22-15
22-53 General
.............................................................................. 22-16
22-54 R2002A Analyzer
Configuration .................................. oA ••••••••••••••••••• 22-16
SECTION 23- BATTERY ASSEMBLY
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
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Figure Page
1-1 Communications System Analyzer .......................................................... 1-0 ~
2-1 Accessories Supplied with Analyzer ......................................................... 2-4
3-1 Typical Communication System Analyzer Packaging ......................................... 3-1
4-1 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors, Front Panel ........................................... 4-2
4-2 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors, Left Side Panel ....................................... 4-3
4-3 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors, Rear Panel ............................................ 4-3
4-4 System Analyzer Time Base Calibrate Test Setup and CRT Display .......................... 4-13
4-5 Duplex Generation Test Setup and CRT Display ............................................ 4-14
4-6 Spectrum Test Setup and CRT Display ..................................................... 4-16 -
4-7 Wattmeter Test Setup and CRT Display .................................................... 4-17
4-8 Test Setup for FM Receiver Sensitivity Using Generator and SINAD
Meter with CRT Display ................................................................... 4-18
4-9 Test Setup for Pager and Alert Functions with CRT Display ................................. 4-19
4-10 Test Setup for Using DVM and Signal Generate with CRT Display ........................... 4-20
5-1 Communication System Analyzer, Top View Cover Removed ................................. 5-3
5-2 Communication System Analyzer, Bottom View Cover Removed .............................. 5-3
5-4 Generate Mode Block Diagram ............................................................ 5-10
5-5 Power Meter Block Diagram ..........................................................•.... 5-12
5-6 Monitor Mode Block Diagram ............................................................. 5-13
5-7 Duplex Generator Block Diagram .......................................................... 5-15
5-8 Code Synthesizer Block Diagram .......................................................... 5-16
5-9 Frequency Counter Block Diagram ........................................................ 5-17 ,....-"""\
5-10 Digital Voltmeter (DVM) Block Diagram .................................................... 5-18
5-11 Oscilloscope Block Diagram ............................................................... 5-20 ""'"'
5-12 Sinad Meter Block Diagram ............................................................... 5-22
5-13 Scope Amplifier Alignment Points ......................................................... 5-23
5-14 Front Panel Interface Alignment Points .................................................... 5-26
5-15 Scope/DVM Control Alignment Points ..................................................... 5-27
5-16 Horizontal Time Base Alignment Points .................................................... 5-27
5-17 DVM Input Buffer Alignment Points ........................................................ 5-28
5-18 Scope/DVM Control Test Point Numbering .............................................•.... 5-28
5-19 Processor 1/0 A/D Alignment Points ....................................................... 5-29
5-20 Scope/DVM Control Char Sweep and Sinad Alignment Points ............................... 5-30
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1-1 Physical Characteristics .................................................................... 1-1
1-2 Electrical Characteristics ................................................................... 1-1
1-3 Input/Output Characteristics ............................................................... 1-5
2-1 Accessories Supplied with the Communication Systems Analyzer ............................ 2-5
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2-2 Optional Equipment for Use with Analyzer .................................................. 2-5
4-1 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors ....................................................... 4-1
5-1 List of Subassemblies ...................................................................... 5-4
5-2 Control Buses and Functions ............................................................... 5-9
5-3 Basic Test Equipment Required ........................................................... 5-22
5-4 Extended Test Equipment Required ........................................................ 5-23
-5-5 Test Equipment
........................................................................... 5-32
5-6 System Troubleshooting .................................................................. 5-37
5-7 Test Point Identification ................................................................... 5-42
9-1 Internal DVM Inputs ....................................................................... 9-3
22-1 IEEE-488 Interface Controllable Functions . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . .............. 22-2
22-2 Command Categories . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. .. . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .............. 22-4
22-3 Programming Commands ................................................................ 22-5
22-4 Terminal Mode ASC II Characters Printable Characters................... . ............. 22-12
22-5 Error Messages . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . ............. 22-14
22-6 SRQ Data . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. .. . . . . .............. 22-14
22-7 Code Synthesizer Programming Considerations .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . ............. 22-15
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FOREWORD
1. SCOPE OF MANUAL
This manual contains information for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the Communications
System Analyzer.
2. PURPOSE AND USE
The Motorola Communications System Analyzer is a portabletest instrument, designed specifically for the
service and
monitoring of communications equipment. Its functions supersede those of a Service Monitor,
expanding the features and capabilities
to the point wherein servicing is achieved with a single instrument,
rather than a host
of separate equipment.
The
R2001 A is the standard Communications System Analyzer. The R2002A Analyzer, which contains the
IEEE-488 Standard interface control bus, is also available. Programming for the R2002A is covered in Seeton
22 of this manual.
The Analyzer improves a technician's efficiency and accuracy and reduces servicing time.
The
Communications System Analyzer performs the functions of signal generation, signal monitoring, and
the tests normally associated with the devices listed below.
• Spectrum Analyzer
• Duplex Generator
•
Modulation Oscilloscope
• Frequency
Counter
•
AC/DC Digital Voltmeter
•
RF Wattmeter
• General Purpose Oscilloscope
•
Multi-Mode Code Synthesizer
• SINAD Meter
• Sweep Generator
The Analyzer meets
the shock and vibration requirements of EIA test RS1528, the same specifications met
by
Motorola mobile radios. This minimizes failures when the instrument is used in a mobile service van, and
means it is
as tough as the radios it services.
The
Communications System Analyzer is designed to be serviced quickly and easily, should a breakdown
occur.
The majority of the circuitry is on seven modular plug-in circuit boards which have built-in test points
that aid in isolating the problem to a specific board. Simple plug-in replacement gets the instrument back in
service.
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Figure 1-1. Communications System Analyzer
1-0

SECTION 1
1-1. INTRODUCTION
1-2. This section lists the physical, electrical, and inpuVoutput characteristics of the Communications
System Analyzer shown in figure 1-1.
Table 1-1. Physical Characteristics
Characteristic Description
Length
20.75 inches (52.7 em)
Width
15.75 inches (40.0 em)
Height
8.25 inches (21.0 em)
Weight 48 pounds (21.9 kg) (Excluding Battery Pack)
Table 1-2. Electrical Characteristics
Characteristic
Frequency
Range
Resolution
Accuracy
Output (into 50 ohms)
Attenuator:
Range:
Accuracy:
Spectral purity
Spurious:
Harmonics:
Frequency modulation
Range:
Accuracy:
FM residual noise:
External/internal frequency
range:
External input:
Modes:
Description
Signal Generator Mode
10kHz to 999.9999 MHz
100Hz
Equal to master oscillator time base
16 dB variable plus 10 dB steps over 13 ranges
0.1 P. V to 1 Vrms (-127 dBm to +13 dBm)
±2 dB accuracy on 0 dB step attenuator range
±2
dB across other step attenuator ranges
± 1
dB over temperature range
~-40 dB
-15 dB
0 - 50 kHz peak
±5% of full scale
100Hz
5 Hz- 10 kHz (±1 dB)
Approximately 150 mV for 20 kHz deviation
Internal, external, microphone or all simultaneously
1-1

Table 1-2. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Characteristic Description
Amplitude modulation
Range:
Accuracy:
External/internal frequency
range:
External input:
Modes:
Double sideband suppressed
carrier
Carrier suppression:
Frequency
Range:
Resolution:
Accuracy:
Frequency
error indicator
Input sensitivity
Spurious response
Deviation Measurement
Range:
Accuracy:
Peak deviation limit alarm:
AM
modulation measurement
Range:
Accuracy:
0 to 80% from 1 to 500 MHz
±10%
of full scale from 0% to 50% AM
5Hz-10kHz (±1 dB)
Approximately 150 mV
for 80%, BNC connector
Internal, external, microphone or all simultaneously
;;> 25 dB (1 MHz -500 MHz)
Monitor Mode
1 MHz
to 999.9999 MHz
100Hz
Equal to that of master oscillator time base
Autoranging CRT display. ±10 Hz resolution
for
frequency error measurements on 1.5 kHz, 5 kHz and 15
kHz full scale ranges. ±1 Hz resolution on the 50 Hz
full scale range.
1.5
Jl V for 10 dB EIA Sinad (narrow band ±6 kHz
mod. acceptance) 7
11 V for 10 dB EIA Sinad (wide
band± 100 kHz mod. acceptance) 4 MHz to 1000 MHz.
Useable
to 1 MHz.
-40 dB typical
0 dB image at ±21.4 MHz
-10 dB at l.O. harmonics ±10.7 MHz
1, 10, 100kHz full scale
±5%
of reading ±100 Hz from 500Hz to 50 kHz deviation;
±
10% of reading from 50 kHz to 75 kHz deviation
Set via keyboard to 100Hz resolution (0 kHz to
99.9 kHz). Audible alarm indicates limit condition in all
Monitor Modes.
0 to 100%
±5% of full scale
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Table 1-2. Electrical Characteristics (Continued}
Characteristic Description
RF Wattmeter
(Autoranging display)
Frequency range: 1 MHz
to 1000 MHz
Power range: 1
.0 watts to 125 wattts
Accuracy: ±1
0%, 1 watt to 125 watts
Protection Over temp
indicator
General
Spectrum Analyzer
Dynamic range
~75 dB displayed,- 105 dBm to +30 dBm input range
with step attenuator
Frequency
Range 4 MHz to 1,000 MHz
Full scale frequency Adjustable between 1 MHz and 10 MHz
d1spersion:
Duplex Generator
Frequency offset Adjustable from 0
to 10 MHz plus fixed offset of
45 MHz (high or low side)
Modulation level (FM only)
Adjustable from 0 to 20 kHz peak deviation
Oscilloscope
Size 8 em x 10 em
Frequency response DC
to 0.5 MHz (3 dB point)
External vertical
input range
10 mV, 100 mV, 1V, 10V (per division)
Sweep rates 1
p. s, 1011 s, 0.1 ms, 1 ms, 0.01S, 0.1S (per division)
Sync
Automatic or normal triggering
Frequency
Counter
Frequency range
10Hz to 35 MHz
Readout 5 digit, autoranging
Input sensitivity 30 mV from 10Hz to 1 MHz
50 mV from 1 MHz to 35 MHZ
1-3

Table 1-2 Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Characteristic
Readout
DC accuracy
AC accuracy
AC bandwidth
Code Synthesizer
Frequency range
Resolution
Frequency
accuracy
Distortion
Signaling sequences
Tone remote access
Digital private line (DPL)
Fixed 1 kHz
Accuracy
Distortion
External Input
Microphone
External Jack
Frequency range
Level
Impedance
Code synthesizer external
output level
Input level range
Sinad accuracy
Description
Digital Voltmeter . ,
Auto ranging digital display, 1, 10, 100, 300 volts full
scale. AC-dBm calibrated across 600 ohms.
±
1% of full scale ±1 least significant digit
±5% of full scale
50 Hz to 10kHz
Modulation Source
5Hz to 9.9999 kHz sinewave
0.1 Hz
±0.01%
~1%
Four fixed
1. Tone only
2. Tone with battery saver
3. Tone and voice
4. Group call
Four user programmable
Remote base access sequence as follows
Tone A for 150 msec
Tone B for 40 msec 10 dB below Tone A
Tone A continuously 30 dB below the first Tone A
burst
Codes 000
to 777 and inverted
Equal to master time base
~1%
Standard RTM 4000A microphone interface with IDC.
5Hz to 10kHZ
7 vrms maximum
10 Kohm nominal
0-3 vrms into a 600 ohm load
SINAD Meter
0.5V
to 10 Vrms
±1
dB at 12 dB Sinad
1-4
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Table 1-2. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Characteristic
Description
Manual Frequency Scan
Step size Switch Selectable: 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz and
1 MHz
(+or-)
Step rate 5 steps/sec.
Time Base
Standard
TCXO
Aging: ±1 X 1Q-6 per year
Temp: ±1 x
10-
6 maximum
error over the 0° to 55°C
temp. range
Optional ovenized high
Aging: ±1 x 10-
6 per year
stability Temp:
±5 x 1 o-s maximum error over the oo to 55° C
temp range (warmup to ±5 x 10-
7
of final frequency
within 20 minutes)
Power and Environmental
AC
-100-130 VAC, 200-260 VAC
47-63Hz
DC
+11.5 VDC to +16 VDC
Optional battery 13.6V battery -provides 1
hour continuous operation
Temperature range 0°
to 55°C operating; -40 to 85°C storage
Table 1-3. Input/Output Characteristics
. '•: Characteristic
Ext mod in
Mic.
Ext Horiz
Vert/Sinad/DVM/Counter In
Description
Input
10K ohms nominal, 150 mV typical for 20kHz dev. FM or
80% AM
Mic input provides bias and IDC limiting suitable for
Motorola RTM 9000A handset. PTT switches R2001 from
monitor to generate.
1volt
minimum for full screen deflection. Maximum input
10 volts.
1 Meg ohm, 40 pf Nominal; ±300 volts DC max, 300 Vrms
max at frequencies below 500 Hz, 10 Vrms max up
to
35 MHz
• Scope vert in: DC to 500 kHz or SO Hz to 500 kHz AC
mode (±3 dB)
• Sinad in: 0.5 to 10 Vrms in at 1 kHz
1-5

Table 1-3. Input/Output Characteristics (Cont)
Characteristics
RF In/Out
Ext Wattmeter
10 MHz std in (rear panel)
Mod
out
Demod out
RF in/out
Duplex gen out
10 MHz std out (rear panel)
Description
• DVM in: 1, 10, 100 and 300V full scale AC or DC. AC
bandwidth 50 Hz to 10 kHz for ±5% F.S. accuracy (AC
dBm calibrated across 600 ohms)
• Frequency counter in: 30 mV or greater required from
10Hz to 1 MHz. 50 mV or greater required from 1MHz
to 35 MHz
50 ohms nominal, 125 watts max (1-1000 MHz)
CAUTION:
The RF In/Out Jackis protected against RF overload. However,
to prevent undue stress on the protected circuits it is advisable
to always switch the system
to the power monitor modebefore
applying power in excess of 200 mW. Additional protection is
also obtained by making it a practice not to leave the step
attenuator in the 0
dB position.
Characteristics suitable
for Motorola ST-1200 series
Wattmeter Elements
70 to 350 mV rms input required at 10 MHz,
impedance greater than
50 ohms.
Output
Up to 11 vpp into 600 ohms 10 Hz to 10 kHz
Typically 3 vpp into 600 ohms for ±5 kHz deviation
narrowband, 4 vpp
for ±75kHz deviation wideband,
DC
to 10 kHz response
1.0 Vrms (+13 dBm} to 0.1 Vrms (-127 dBm) 50 ohm
nominal source impedance.
10kHz to 1.0 GHz.
-30 dBm typical, 50 ohm nominal source impedance
2 MHz
to 1 GHz
250 mV rms nominal output into 50 ohms
1-6
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2·1. DESCRIPTION
SECTION 2
DESCRIP1"10N
2-2. The Communication System Analyzer is a portable test instrument designed for servicing and
monitoring of portable, mobile,and land base communicationsequipmentoperating overthefrequency range
of 1 MHz to 1 GHz. The unit performs the functions of signal generation, frequency error and modulation
measurement.
It is also capable of a variety of tests normally associated with the following devices:
Spectrum analyzer
Duplex offset generator
Modulation oscilloscope
Frequency
counter
AC/DC digital-analog voltmeter
RF wattmeter
General purpose oscilloscope
Multi-mode code synthesizer
SINAD meter
Sweep generator
2-3. MICROPROCESSOR. A Motorola M-6800 series microprocessor permits keyboard entry of data,
autoranging
of displays, fast frequency access, and permanentstorage of often-used frequencies and codes.
Generate and
monitor RF frequencies, tone codes, and timing sequences can be programmed into a
nonvolatile memory, saving time and eliminating entry errors. When one particular type of equipment is
continuously serviced, the unit can be programmed to select the mode of operation required when firstturned
on.
2.4 DISPLAY. All functions, generated
or monitored, are presented on an 8 em x 10 em cathode ray tube
(CRT) in both analog and digital format, with the name
of the function beingdisplayed. TheCRTalso displays
control settings eliminating the need for operator search of different equipment panels. Digital readouts are
visually aided by the use
of the continuously autoranging analog line segments, which are similar to a bar
graph. Each has a base line and calibration markers, in addition
to the intensified segment showing the
measurement. The user selectable displays are listed in a
column beneath the DISPLAY heading on the front
panel. Choosing a display is accomplished by pressing an arrow button below the column, for up or down
movement,
as required. When the appropriate arrow is pressed, the LED adjacent to the selected display
illuminates. FUNCTION is selected in the same way, providing rapid, accuratechanges in servicecapabilityat
the touch of a button.
2-5. SYSTEM WARNlNGS.
To aid the technician in servicing, visual warningswill appearonthe CRTwhen
certain overload
or caution conditions exist. Displayswarn of low battery power, overheating of the RF load, or
an improper attenuator setting for particular measurements. In addition, a continuous audible alarm sounds
when a preset deviation
limit is exceeded in monitor modes. This limit is entered by using the keyboard and
may be programmed
from 0 kHz to 99.9 kHz, with 100Hz resolution.
2-6. FUNCTIONS. The
following paragraphs briefly describe the major functions of the Communications
System Analyzer.
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2-7. AM, FM, CW, DSB Signal Generation. The built-in general purpose signal generator provides
continuous coverage
of the HF, VHF, and UHF land mobile spectrum for receiver testing. Many forms of
external and internal modulation can
be' simultaneously impressed on the carrier signal for actual composite
signals. The frequency range
of the RF signal generator is from 10kHz to 1000MHz in 100Hzsteps. Theoutput
of up
to 1 Volt rms provides sufficient amplitude to get through misaligned tuners and receivers, and is
especially effective when changing a receiver's frequency. The high level, clean output is available over the
entire frequency range
of the Communications System Analyzer. The output frequency is referenced to an
internal time base which can be calibrated to the WWV Standard. (See paragraph 4-7.)
2-8. Simultaneous Modulation. Modulation is simultaneously available from an internal 1 kHz tone
generator, a multi-mode code synthesizer, and from external inputs. The external modulation can be voice
from astandard Motorolamobileradio microphone(which plugs intothefrontpanel ofthe instrument),
as well
as a signal applied to the external BNC input. Separate controls are provided for independently setting the
levels of the 1 kHz tone, the code synthesizer, and the external modulation sources. The 1 kHz test tone is a
convenient source
of modulation for making SINAD measurements. A MODOUTconnectorprovidesexternal
access to all
of the modulation signals.
2-9. Modulation Display. The recovered audio waveform, or audio used to modulate the generatorcarrier,
can be viewed on the CRT. It is used
to graphically measure deviation, and to aid in waveform analysis.
2-10. Sweep Generation. The sweep generator mode provides an RF output that is swept in frequency
across a band centered at the programmed frequency. A synchronized horizontal sweep for the internal
oscilloscope allows filter characteristics to be easily determined. This is ideal for in-depth troubleshooting of
IF amplifiers and filters.
2-11. SINAD Metering. A comprehensive check of receiver performance can be made with a SINAD
measurement. The analog line segment and digital representation of SINAD appear automatically whenever
the unit is in the normal generate mode. The only hookups required are from the Communications System
Analyzer
to the RF input of the receiverundertest, and from theaudio output ofthe receivertothe instrument's
multipurpose input. The measurement, and appropriateservicing, can then
be accomplished withoutthe need
for a separate signal generator, SINAD meter or distortion analyzer.
2-12. Multi-Mode Code Synthesizer. The Communications System Analyzer generates Private Line tones
(PL), Digital Private Line codes (DPL), two-tone sequential paging codes and tone-remote base signaling
tones. All codes are available at the Mod
Out jack, as well as being used internally to modulatethe RF signal
generator. This eliminates the necessity of using separate generators and oscillators for general servicing.
setting transmitter deviation,
or for checking tone-remote-base control lines. Timing sequences are also
stored in the Tone Memory to provide fast set-up and eliminateerrors. User programmable timing sequences
are also provided to allow the storage of non-standard
or future time sequences.
2-13. Off-the-Air Monitor. The 1.5 J..l V sensitivity of the Communications System Analyzer receiver allows
off-the-air monitoring and measurement of transmitter frequency errorand deviation to 1000 MHz. A variable
squelch allows weak signals to
be monitored, but can be set higher to ensure the propersignal-to-noise ratio
for measurement accuracy. The off-the-air monitor function enables frequent parameter checks without
leaving the shop, thus spotting system degradation early and keeping service costs down. Bandwidth can be
set Wide
for off-channel signal location or wide band FM; or Narrow for maximum sensitivity and selectivity.
2-14. IF Display. When the IF display mode is selected, theCommunications System Analyzer's receiver IF
envelope is shown on the CRT. This allows the technician to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the
amplitude modulation envelope of a transmitter.
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2-15. Spectrum Analyzer. In this mode of operation the CRT displays a window of the RF spectrum whose
bandwidth (from 1 MHz to 10 MHz) is determined by the DISPERSION/SWEEP control. The centerfrequency
of this window ranges from 4 MHz to 1,000 MHz, selectable by entering a specific center frequency with the
keyboard. This center frequency
is digitally displayed atthe top of the CRTscreen,eliminatingthe need for an
external signal generator, and counter to provide markers. Once a signal is centered on the screen, positive
identification is aided by
switching the Analyzer to MONITOR AM or FM and listening to the demodulated
output via the built-in audio amplifier and speaker. The spectrum analyzer's center frequencycan be scanned
up
or down at rates varying from 0.5 kHz persecond to 5 MHz persecond, using the RF scan control. Slowrates
are used to preciselydetermineasubjectsignal'sfrequency whilefaster rates areused
for locating intermittent
transmissions
or viewing large areas of the spectrum in a short time. Uses of the Spectrum Analyzer
are:
lntermodulation interference identification, IF and RF signal tracing, transmitter harmonics
measurements, transmitter spurious checks, and receiver local
oscillator radiation.
2-16. RF Burnout Protection. At RF input levels above 200 mW, in any operating mode, the input
automatically switches to the internal125 watt RF load, thus protecting the attenuator and signal generator
against damage
from a keyed transmitter. If power above 200 mW is applied in any mode except the power
monitor mode an audiablealarm sounds and a visual warning on the CRT directs the operator to switch to the
power monitor mode.
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CAUTION
To prevent undue stress on the protected circuits it is advisable to alwaysswitchthe
system
to the power monitor mode before applying power in excess of 200 mW.
Additional protection is also obtained by making it a practice not to leave the step
attenuator in
the 0 dB position.
2-17. Terminated RF PowerMeasurement. RF power is automaticallymeasured when theCommunications
System Analyzer is in the
Power-Monitor mode.The built-in RF load dissipatesup to 50 wattsforthree minutes
and up
to 125 watts for one minute. If a high power transmitter should be keyed into the unit for a time long
enough to threaten overheating of the power measuring circuitry, the audible alarm sounds and the CRT
display changes
to read "RF LOAD OVER-TEMP," thus warning the technician to un-key. This instrument
function is further enhanced by the simultaneous indication of RF power output, carrierfrequency error, and
modulation, all on the same CRT display.
2-18.
In-Line Power Measurement. Use of the Motorola ST-1200 series Wattmeter elements in conjunction
~ with the analyzer's external wattmeterdisplay provides measurement of forward and reflected antennapower
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, on the CRT display. This capability eliminates the complex hook-ups and theadditional instruments normally
required for antenna measurements.
2-19. Duplex Generator. In this mode, the
Communications System Analyzersimultaneously receives and
generates
the signals for duplex radio servicing, while generated and monitored frequencies are observed on
the CRT. In
the 0-10 MHz range, the 'Freq. Set' control tunes the proper offset frequency for theVHF and UHF
bands.
The 45 MHz modeprovides asingleoffset for the800 MHz range. A switch is alsoprovided to select high
or low side offset, as required. The DuplexGeneratorprovidesenhancedcapability to serviceequipmentsuch
as repeaters, car telephones and Emergency Medical Telemetry portables.
2-20. 500-kHz Oscilloscope.
This general purpose scope is ideal for waveform analysis in two-way
communication servicing. Use it for viewing modulation signals (either internally or externally generated),
detection
of asymmetric modulation or audio distortion, and general purpose signal tracing and
troubleshooting.
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2-21. Frequency Counter. The frequency counter measures inputs in a range from 10 Hz to 35 MHz. Its 5
digit au to-ranging output is displayed on the CRT and allows precise measurement and setti ng of off set
oscillators , 35kHz and 455kHz pager IF's, PL trequenc1es and other external input signals . This funct ion will
also operate simultaneously with the generate or monitor receiver modes of operat i on Frequency
measurement of transmitted carriers and other signals hi gher than 35 MHl is easily accompl ished w1th the
frequency error readout in the monitor modes .
2-22.
AC/DC Voltmeter. Switching to the DVM mode provides a digital-analog voltage presentation on the
CRT, along with the corresponding dBm value . The auto - ranging display provides full scale de fle ctions of 1,
10, 100 and 300 Volts. AC or DC measurement is selected on the CRT . The meter 's wide dynamic range and
three di git display are ideal for setting power supply voltages , checking b1as levels, and setti ng audio levels.
Like the Frequency Counter, the DVM will operate simultaneously w1th generate or monitor operation.
2-23.
Power Supply. The Communicat i ons System Analyzer may be powered by a variety of sources·
•
AC at 110 or 220 Volts, 50 / 60Hz
• DC from an external 12 Volt source such as a service vehicle
•
DC from an optional battery pack . Servicing can thus be accomplished wherever the equ1pment under
test is
located
2-24. ACCESSORIES.
2-25. Table 2-11ists the accessories suppl i ed with the Communication System Analyzer . Optional equipment
available for use with the unit is listed in Table 2-2.
S U . ~ SHAD E
ACC E SSOR Y KI T
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OSC I LLOSCOPE PR O BE
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\'1 1\R RANTY
IN -LI NE WATT M ETER AOA PT £R
ANT EN NA
PERFORMA. NCE 1\ E r<li\ T
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Figure 2-1 . Accessories Su pptied with Analyzer
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