MPP Solar U5648MS User manual

U5648MS
SOLAR INVERTER / CHARGER
Version: 1.0
User Manual

Table of Contents
ABOUT THIS MANUAL ......................................................................................................................................1
Purpose............................................................................................................................................................1
Scope ...............................................................................................................................................................1
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................2
Features...........................................................................................................................................................2
Basic System Architecture ...............................................................................................................................2
Product Overview.............................................................................................................................................3
Unpacking and Inspection ...............................................................................................................................4
Preparation ......................................................................................................................................................4
Mounting the Unit.............................................................................................................................................4
Battery Connection ..........................................................................................................................................5
AC Input/Output Connection ............................................................................................................................6
PV Connection .................................................................................................................................................7
Final Assembly.................................................................................................................................................9
Communication Connection.............................................................................................................................9
Dry Contact Signal .........................................................................................................................................10
OPERATION......................................................................................................................................................11
Power ON/OFF ..............................................................................................................................................11
Operation and Display Panel ......................................................................................................................... 11
LCD Display Icons .........................................................................................................................................12
LCD Setting....................................................................................................................................................15
LCD Display ...................................................................................................................................................31
Operating Mode Description ..........................................................................................................................37
Faults Reference Code..................................................................................................................................40
Warning Indicator ...........................................................................................................................................41
BATTERY EQUALIZATION ..............................................................................................................................42
SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................................................43
Table 1 Line Mode Specifications ...................................................................................................................43
Table 2 Inverter Mode Specifications .............................................................................................................44
Table 3 Charge Mode Specifications...............................................................................................................45
Table 4 General Specifications........................................................................................................................45
TROUBLE SHOOTING .....................................................................................................................................46
Appendix I: Parallel function ..........................................................................................................................47
Appendix II: BMS Communication Installation.............................................................................................64
Appendix III: The Wi-Fi Operation Guide.......................................................................................................72

1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
Purpose
This manual describes the assembly, installation, operation and troubleshooting of this unit. Please read
this manual carefully before installations and operations. Keep this manual for future reference.
Scope
This manual provides safety and installation guidelines as well as information on tools and wiring.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING: This chapter contains important safety and operating instructions. Read and keep
this manual for future reference.
1. Before using the unit, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the unit, the batteries and all
appropriate sections of this manual.
2. CAUTION –To reduce risk of injury, charge only deep-cycle lead acid type rechargeable batteries.
Other types of batteries may burst, causing personal injury and damage.
3. Do not disassemble the unit. Take it to a qualified service center when service or repair is required.
Incorrect re-assembly may result in a risk of electric shock or fire.
4. To reduce risk of electric shock, disconnect all wirings before attempting any maintenance or cleaning.
Turning off the unit will not reduce this risk.
5. CAUTION –Only qualified personnel can install this device with battery.
6. NEVER charge a frozen battery.
7. For optimum operation of this inverter/charger, please follow required spec to select appropriate cable
size. It’s very important to correctly operate this inverter/charger.
8. Be very cautious when working with metal tools on or around batteries. A potential risk exists to drop
a tool to spark or short circuit batteries or other electrical parts and could cause an explosion.
9. Please strictly follow installation procedure when you want to disconnect AC or DC terminals. Please
refer to INSTALLATION section of this manual for the details.
10. Fuses are provided as over-current protection for the battery supply.
11. GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS -This inverter/charger should be connected to a permanent grounded
wiring system. Be sure to comply with local requirements and regulation to install this inverter.
12. NEVER cause AC output and DC input short circuited. Do NOT connect to the mains when DC input
short circuits.
13. Warning!! Only qualified service persons are able to service this device. If errors still persist after
following troubleshooting table, please send this inverter/charger back to local dealer or service
center for maintenance.
14. WARNING: Because this inverter is non-isolated, only three types of PV modules are acceptable:
single crystalline, poly crystalline with class A-rated and CIGS modules. To avoid any malfunction, do
not connect any PV modules with possible current leakage to the inverter. For example, grounded PV
modules will cause current leakage to the inverter. When using CIGS modules, please be sure NO
grounding.
15. CAUTION: It’s required to use PV junction box with surge protection. Otherwise, it will cause
damage on inverter when lightning occurs on PV modules.

2
INTRODUCTION
This is a multi-function inverter, combining functions of inverter, solar charger and battery charger to offer
uninterruptible power support in a single package. The comprehensive LCD display offers user-configurable
and easy-accessible button operations such as battery charging current, AC or solar charging priority, and
acceptable input voltage based on different applications.
Features
Pure sine wave inverter
Customizable status LED ring with RGB lights
Touchable button with 4.3” colored LCD
Built-in Wi-Fi for mobile monitoring (APP is available)
Supports USB On-the-Go function
Data log events stored in the inverter
Built-in anti-dusk kit
Reserved communication port for BMS
Battery independent function
Parallel operation up to 9 units
Basic System Architecture
The following illustration shows basic application for this unit. It also required the following devices to have a
complete running system:
Generator or Utility mains.
PV modules
Consult with your system integrator for other possible system architectures depending on your requirements.
This inverter can power various appliances in home or office environment, including motor-type appliances
such as tube light, fan, refrigerator and air conditioners.
Figure 1 Basic hybrid PV System Overview

3
Product Overview
NOTE: For parallel installation and operation, please check Appendix I.
1. RGB LED ring (refer to LCD Setting section for the details)
2. LCD display
3. Touchable Function keys
4. PV connectors
5. AC input connectors
6. AC output connectors (Load connection)
7. Battery connectors
8. Current sharing port
9. Parallel communication port
10. Circuit breaker
11. Power switch
12. Dry contact
13. USB port as USB communication port and USB function port
14. RS-232 communication port
15. BMS communication port: CAN, RS-485 or RS-232

4
INSTALLATION
Unpacking and Inspection
Before installation, please inspect the unit. Be sure that nothing inside the package is damaged. You should
have received the following items inside of package:
Inverter unit Manual software CD RS-232 cable
Preparation
Before connecting all wirings, please take off bottom cover by removing two screws as shown below.
Mounting the Unit
Consider the following points before selecting where to install:
Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
Mount on a solid surface
Install this inverter at eye level in order to allow the LCD display to be
read at all times.
The ambient temperature should be between -10°C and 50°C to ensure
optimal operation.
The recommended installation position is to be adhered to the wall
vertically.
Be sure to keep other objects and surfaces as shown in the right
diagram to guarantee sufficient heat dissipation and to have enough
space for removing wires.
SUITABLE FOR MOUNTING ON CONCRETE OR OTHER NON-
COMBUSTIBLE SURFACE ONLY.

5
Install the unit by screwing three screws. It’s recommended to use M4 or M5 screws.
Battery Connection
CAUTION: For safety operation and regulation compliance, it’s requested to install a separate DC over-current
protector or disconnect device between battery and inverter. It may not be required to have a disconnect device
in some applications, however, it’s still required to have over-current protection installed. Please refer to typical
amperage in below table as required fuse or breaker size.
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.
WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use
appropriate cable for battery connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the
proper recommended cable and terminal size as below.
Recommended battery cable and terminal size:
Model
Typical
Amperage
Battery
Capacity
Wire Size
Ring Terminal
Torque
Value
Cable
mm2
Dimensions
D (mm)
L (mm)
U5648MS
137A
200AH
1*2AWG or 2*6AWG
28
6.4
42.7
2~3 Nm
Please follow below steps to implement battery connection:
1. Assemble battery ring terminal based on recommended battery cable and terminal size.
2. Insert the ring terminal of battery cable flatly into battery connector of inverter and make sure the nuts are
tightened with torque of 2-3 Nm. Make sure polarity at both the battery and the inverter/charge is correctly
connected and ring terminals are tightly screwed to the battery terminals.
WARNING: Shock Hazard
Installation must be performed with care due to high battery voltage in series.
Ring terminal:

6
CAUTION!! Do not place anything between the flat part of the inverter terminal and the ring
terminal. Otherwise, overheating may occur.
CAUTION!! Do not apply anti-oxidant substance on the terminals before terminals are connected
tightly.
CAUTION!! Before making the final DC connection or closing DC breaker/disconnector, be sure
positive (+) must be connected to positive (+) and negative (-) must be connected to negative
(-).
AC Input/Output Connection
CAUTION!! Before connecting to AC input power source, please install a separate AC breaker between
inverter and AC input power source. This will ensure the inverter can be securely disconnected during
maintenance and fully protected from over current of AC input.
CAUTION!! There are two terminal blocks with “IN” and “OUT” markings. ENSURE that utility AC input is
connected to IN and load AC to OUT and not the wrong way round and also that Line and Neutrals are
connected correctly.
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.
WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for AC
input connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.
Suggested cable requirement for AC wires
Model
Gauge
Torque Value
U5648MS
10 AWG
1.2~ 1.6 Nm
Please follow below steps to implement AC input/output connection:
1. Before making AC input/output connection, be sure to open DC protector or disconnector first.
2. Remove insulation sleeve 10mm for six conductors. And shorten phase L and neutral conductor N 3 mm.
3. Insert AC input wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten the terminal screws.
Be sure to connect PE protective conductor ( ) first.
→Ground (yellow-green)
L→LINE (brown or black)
N→Neutral (blue)
WARNING:
Be sure that AC power source is disconnected before attempting to hardwire it to the unit.
4. Then, insert AC output wires according to polarities indicated on terminal block and tighten terminal
screws. Be sure to connect PE protective conductor ( ) first.
→Ground (yellow-green)

7
L→LINE (brown or black)
N→Neutral (blue)
5. Make sure the wires are securely connected.
PV Connection
CAUTION: Before connecting to PV modules, please install separately a DC circuit breaker between
inverter and PV modules.
CAUTION: Please install a surge protection device between inverter and PV modules and the recommended
voltage is 500V.
WARNING! Do switch off the inverter before connecting to PV modules. Otherwise, it will cause inverter
damage.
WARNING! Do NOT connect negative and positive terminal of PV modules to the ground.
WARNING! All wiring must be performed by a qualified personnel.
WARNING! It's very important for system safety and efficient operation to use appropriate cable for PV module
connection. To reduce risk of injury, please use the proper recommended cable size as below.
Model
Typical Amperage
Cable Size
Torque
U5648MS
27A
10AWG
1.2~1.6Nm
PV Module Selection:
When selecting proper PV modules, please be sure to consider below parameters:
1. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules not exceeds max. PV array open circuit voltage of inverter.
2. Open circuit Voltage (Voc) of PV modules should be higher than min. battery voltage.
Solar Charging Mode
INVERTER MODEL
U5648MS
Max. PV Array Open Circuit Voltage
450 Vdc
PV Array MPPT Voltage Range
120~430Vdc
MPP Number
1
CAUTION: Important
Be sure to connect AC wires with correct polarity. If L and N wires are connected reversely, it may cause utility
short-circuited when these inverters are worked in parallel operation.
CAUTION: Appliances such as air conditioner are required at least 2~3 minutes to restart because it’s required
to have enough time to balance refrigerant gas inside of circuits. If a power shortage occurs and recovers in a
short time, it will cause damage to your connected appliances. To prevent this kind of damage, please check
manufacturer of air conditioner if it’s equipped with time-delay function before installation. Otherwise, this
inverter/charger will trig overload fault and cut off output to protect your appliance but sometimes it still causes
internal damage to the air conditioner.

8
Please follow below steps to implement PV module connection:
1. Remove insulation sleeve 10 mm for positive and negative conductors.
2. Check correct polarity of connection cable from PV modules and PV input
connectors. Then, connect positive pole (+) of connection cable to positive
pole (+) of PV input connector. Connect negative pole (-) of connection
cable to negative pole (-) of PV input connector.
Recommended PV module Configuration
PV Module Spec.
(reference)
- 250Wp
- Vmp: 30.7Vdc
- Imp: 8.15A
- Voc: 37.4Vdc
- Isc: 8.63A
- Cells: 60
Total solar input power
Solar input
Q'ty of modules
1500W
6 pieces in series
6 pcs
2000W
8 pieces in series
8 pcs
2750W
11 pieces in series
11 pcs
3000W
6 pieces in series
2 strings in parallel
12 pcs
4000W
8 pieces in series
2 strings in parallel
16 pcs
5000W
10 pieces in series
2 strings in parallel
20 pcs
6000W
12 pieces in series
2 strings in parallel
24 pcs

9
Final Assembly
After connecting all wirings, please put bottom cover back by screwing two screws as shown below.
Communication Connection
Serial Connection
Please use the supplied serial cable to connect between the inverter and your PC. Install the monitoring software
from the bundled CD and follow the on-screen instructions to complete your installation. For detailed software
operation, refer to the software user manual on the bundled CD.
Wi-Fi Connection
This unit is equipped with a Wi-Fi transmitter. Wi-Fi transmitter can enable wireless communication between
off-grid inverters and monitoring platform. Users can access and control the monitored inverter with
downloaded APP. You may find “WatchPower” app from the Apple®Store or “WatchPower Wi-Fi” in Google®
Play Store. All data loggers and parameters are saved in iCloud. For quick installation and operation, please
refer to Appendix III - The Wi-Fi Operation Guide for details.

10
BMS Communication
It is recommended to purchase a special communication cable if you are connecting to Lithium-Ion battery
banks. Please refer to Appendix II - BMS Communication Installation for details.
Dry Contact Signal
There is one dry contact (3A/250VAC) available on the rear panel. It could be used to deliver signal to external
device when battery voltage reaches warning level.
Unit Status
Condition
Dry contact port:
NC & C
NO & C
Power Off
Unit is off and no output is powered.
Close
Open
Power On
Output is
powered
from Battery
power or
Solar energy.
Program 01
set as USB
(utility first)
or SUB (solar
first)
Battery voltage < Low DC
warning voltage
Open
Close
Battery voltage > Setting
value in Program 13 or
battery charging reaches
floating stage
Close
Open
Program 01
is set as SBU
(SBU priority)
Battery voltage < Setting
value in Program 12
Open
Close
Battery voltage > Setting
value in Program 13 or
battery charging reaches
floating stage
Close
Open
RS-232 communication to PC
USB communication
to PC
BMS communication

11
OPERATION
Power ON/OFF
Once the unit has been properly installed and the batteries are connected well, simply press On/Off switch to
turn on the unit.
Operation and Display Panel
The operation and the LCD module, shown in the chart below, includes one RGB LED ring, four touchable
function keys and a LCD display to indicate the operating status and input/output power information.
Touchable Function Keys
Function Key
Description
ESC
To exit the setting
USB function selector
To enter USB function setting
Up
To last selection
Down
To next selection
Enter
To confirm/enter the selection in setting mode
LCD Display
Touchable
Function keys
RGB LED ring

12
LCD Display Icons
Icon
Function description
Input Source Information
Indicates the AC input voltage and frequency.
Indicates the PV voltage, current and power.
Indicates the battery voltage, charging stage, configured battery
parameters, charging or discharging current.
Configuration Program and Fault Information
Indicates the setting programs.
Indicates the warning and fault codes.
Warning: flashing with warning code.
Fault: lighting with fault code.

13
Output Information
Indicate the output voltage, load in VA, load in Watt and output
frequency.
Battery Information
Indicates battery level in battery mode and charging status in line
mode by 0-24%, 25-49%, 50-74% and 75-100%.
When battery is charging, it will present battery charging status.
Status
Battery voltage
LCD Display
Constant
Current mode /
Constant
Voltage mode
<2V/cell
4 bars will flash in turns.
2 ~ 2.083V/cell
The right bar will be on and the other three bars
will flash in turns.
2.083 ~ 2.167V/cell
The right two bars will be on and the other two
bars will flash in turns.
> 2.167 V/cell
The right three bars will be on and the left bar
will flash.
Floating mode. Batteries are fully charged.
4 bars will be on.
In battery mode, it will present battery capacity.
Load Percentage
Battery Voltage
LCD Display
Load >50%
< 1.85V/cell
1.85V/cell ~ 1.933V/cell
1.933V/cell ~ 2.017V/cell
> 2.017V/cell
Load < 50%
< 1.892V/cell
1.892V/cell ~ 1.975V/cell
1.975V/cell ~ 2.058V/cell
> 2.058V/cell
Load Information
Indicates overload.
Indicates the load level by 0-24%, 25-49%, 50-74% and 75-100%.
0%~24%
25%~49%
50%~74%
75%~100%
Charger Source Priority Setting Display
Indicates setting program 16 “Charger source priority” is selected as
“Solar first”.
Indicates setting program 16 “Charger source priority” is selected as
“Solar and Utility”.

14
Indicates setting program 16 “Charger source priority” is selected as
“Solar only”.
Output source priority setting display
Indicates setting program 01 “Output source priority” is selected as
“Utility first”.
Indicates setting program 01 “Output source priority” is selected as
“Solar first”.
Indicates setting program 01 “Output source priority” is selected as
“SBU”.
AC Input Voltage Range Setting Display
Indicates setting program 03 is selected as “ ”. The acceptable
AC input voltage range will be within 170-280VAC.
Indicates setting program 03 is selected as “ ”. The acceptable
AC input voltage range will be within 90-280VAC.
Operation Status Information
Indicates unit connects to the mains.
Indicates unit connects to the PV panel.
Indicates battery type.
Indicates parallel operation is working.
Indicates unit alarm is disabled.
Indicates Wi-Fi transmission is working.
Indicates USB disk is connected.

15
LCD Setting
General Setting
After pressing and holding “”button for 3 seconds, the unit will enter the setting mode. Press “ ” or “ ”
button to select setting programs. Press “ ” button to confirm you selection or “ ” button to exit.
Setting Programs:
Program
Description
Selectable option
00
Exit setting mode
Escape
01
Output source priority:
To configure load power
source priority
Utility first (default)
Utility will provide power to the
loads as first priority.
Solar and battery energy will
provide power to the loads
only when utility power is not
available.
Solar first
Solar energy provides power to
the loads as first priority.
If solar energy is not sufficient
to power all connected loads,
Utility energy will supply power
to the loads at the same time.
SBU priority
Solar energy provides power to
the loads as first priority.
If solar energy is not sufficient
to power all connected loads,
battery energy will supply
power to the loads at the same
time.
Utility provides power to the
loads only when battery
voltage drops to either low-
level warning voltage or the
setting point in program 12.
02
Maximum charging current:
To configure total charging
current for solar and utility
chargers.
(Max. charging current =
utility charging current +
solar charging current)
60A (default)
Setting range is from 10A to
120A. Increment of each click
is 10A.

16
03
AC input voltage range
Appliances (default)
If selected, acceptable AC
input voltage range will be
within 90-280VAC.
UPS
If selected, acceptable AC
input voltage range will be
within 170-280VAC.
04
Power saving mode
enable/disable
Saving mode disable
(default)
If disabled, no matter
connected load is low or high,
the on/off status of inverter
output will not be effected.
Saving mode enable
If enabled, the output of
inverter will be off when
connected load is pretty low or
not detected.
05
Battery type
AGM (default)
Flooded
User-Defined
If “User-Defined” is selected,
battery charge voltage and low
DC cut-off voltage can be set
up in program 26, 27 and 29.

17
05
Battery type
Pylontech battery
If selected, programs of 02,
26, 27 and 29 will be
automatically set up. No need
for further setting.
WECO battery
If selected, programs of 02,
12, 26, 27 and 29 will be auto-
configured per battery supplier
recommended. No need for
further adjustment.
Soltaro battery
If selected, programs of 02,
26, 27 and 29 will be
automatically set up. No need
for further setting.
LIb-protocol compatible battery
Select “LIb” if using Lithium
battery compatible to Lib
protocol. If selected, programs
of 02, 26, 27 and 29 will be
automatically set up. No need
for further setting.
3rd party Lithium battery
If selected, programs of 02,
26, 27 and 29 will be
automatically set up. No need
for further setting. Please
contact the battery supplier for
installation procedure.
06
Auto restart when
overload occurs
Restart disable (default)
Restart enable
07
Auto restart when over
temperature occurs
Restart disable (default)
Restart enable

18
08
Output voltage
220V
230V(default)
240V
09
Output frequency
50Hz (default)
60Hz
11
Maximum utility charging
current
Note: If setting value in
program 02 is smaller
than that in program in
11, the inverter will apply
charging current from
program 02 for utility
charger.
30A (default)
Setting range is from 2A, then
10A to 120A. Increment of
each click is 10A.
12
Setting voltage point
back to utility source
when selecting “SBU”
(SBU priority) in program
01.
46V (default)
Setting range is from 44V to
57V. Increment of each click is
1V.
5% (default)
If “WECO battery” is selected
in program 05, the setting
value will be fixed at 5% of
connected battery capacity.