Nokia RM-12 Guide

Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 1
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Customer Care Solutions
Technical Documentation
6-Troubleshooting Instructions

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
2 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
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Introduction to RM-12 troubleshooting .........................................................................2
General guidelines for RM-12 troubleshooting .............................................................2
Tools needed for troubleshooting ............................................................................... 2
General guidelines .......................................................................................................2
RF Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................3
Introduction to RF troubleshooting .............................................................................3
RF Key component placement ....................................................................................4
RF Measurement points ..............................................................................................5
EGSM900, GSM1800 & GSM1900 Transmitter ..........................................................6
General instructions for Tx troubleshooting ...............................................................6
Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting ..................................................12
EGSM900, GSM1800 and GSM1900 Receiver ..........................................................21
General instructions for Rx troubleshooting ............................................................. 21
Synthesizer ..................................................................................................................28
General instructions for synthesizer troubleshooting ................................................ 28
Baseband troubleshooting ...........................................................................................33
Partially damaged device ..........................................................................................33
Most common symptoms reported by customer .......................................................33
Dead or jammed device troubleshooting .................................................................. 35
ASIC is changed ........................................................................................................ 40
Test points .................................................................................................................40
Selftests / “Contact service” on display ....................................................................40
Flashing troubleshooting ........................................................................................... 44
Power troubleshooting ..............................................................................................47
Audio troubleshooting ............................................................................................... 53
Display troubleshooting ............................................................................................60
Pixel defects ..............................................................................................................65
Backlight troubleshooting (1) ...................................................................................67
Backlight troubleshooting (2) ...................................................................................68
Backlight troubleshooting (3) ...................................................................................69
Hall sensor troubleshooting ......................................................................................70
Keyboard troubleshooting ......................................................................................... 71
Camera Module Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 72
Camera construction .................................................................................................79
Camera fault finding diagrams ..................................................................................86
FM Radio troubleshooting ........................................................................................89
USB Problems (1) .....................................................................................................93
USB Problems (2) .....................................................................................................94
BC3 Bluetooth Troubleshooting ...............................................................................95
MMC Troubleshooting (1) ........................................................................................ 99
MMC Troubleshooting (2) ...................................................................................... 100
Accessory troubleshooting ......................................................................................101
SIM troubleshooting ............................................................................................... 102
Vibra Troubleshooting ............................................................................................106
Clocks and Reset troubleshooting ........................................................................... 107

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 2
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Introduction to RM-12 troubleshooting
This document is intended to be a guide for localising and repairing electrical faults in the RM-
12 device. First there is a brief guide for fault localising. Then fault repairing is divided into trou-
bleshooting paths.
Before any service operation you must be familiar with the RM-12 product and module level
architecture. You have to also be familiar with the RM-12 specified service tools such as the
Phoenix service software, flashing tools and software.
General guidelines for RM-12 troubleshooting
Tools needed for troubleshooting
• Service tools (as listed at service tools chapter in service manual)
• Laboratory power supply with current indicator
• Oscilloscope
• Digital multimeter etc. normal equipments
General guidelines
If the device cannot be turned on by any means, see “Dead device” troubleshooting.
Current consumption (missing consumption) gives an idea whether the device is able to start
up.
Dropping supply voltage or very large current consumption indicates a short circuit.
Check whether the connection with Phoenix works and what can be discovered with Phoenix
(ADC-readings, baseband selftest, bb-calibrations etc.).
Check display, keyboard and rocker faults visually.
Force phone to LOCAL mode and make keyboard test by Phoenix.
NOTE! If liquid damage, stop repairing.
Flash phone before disassembling it if fault is not obvious and Phoenix connection is OK.
Continue with specific troubleshooting procedure for the current fault.
If flashing does not work go to “Flashing” troubleshooting.
Due to CSP packages short circuits or broken solder joints are not easily seen. If the examined
signal seems to be continuously in low or high level, then measure for possible short circuit to
ground (signal low) or to supply voltage (signal high). Note that if a problem is not found from
any visible contact/component, it can be under CSPs where the signal is connected.
Caremustbetakenwhenassembling anddisassemblingthetransceiver.Failuretodothismay
result in unnecessary damage to the device.
NOTE! If an ASIC is changed, see “ASIC Changed” troubleshooting flow chart.

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
3 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
RF Troubleshooting
Introduction to RF troubleshooting
Measurements should be done using Spectrum analyzer with high-frequency high-impedance
passive probe (LO-/reference frequencies and RF power levels) and Oscilloscope with a 10:1
probe (DC-voltages and low frequency signals).
The RF-section is build around one RF-ASIC (HELGO N7300). Foreasier troubleshooting, this
RF troubleshooting document is divided into sections.
Before changing HELGO, please check the following things: supply voltages are OK and serial
communication coming from baseband to HELGO.
Please note that the grounding of the PA module is directly below PA-module so it is difficult to
check or change. Most RF semiconductors are static discharge sensitive! So ESD protec-
tion must be taken care of during repair (ground straps and ESD soldering irons). HELGO and
PA are moisture sensitive so parts must be pre-baked prior to soldering.
Apart from key components described in this document, here are a lot of discrete components
(resistors, inductors and capacitors) the troubleshooting of which is done by checking if solder-
ing of the component is done properly (for factory repairs checking if it is missing from PWB).
Capacitor can be checked for shortening and resistors for value by means ofan ohmmeter, but
be aware that in-circuit measurements should be evaluated carefully.
Please be also aware that all measured voltages or RF levels in this document are rough fig-
ures. Especially RF levels vary due to different measuring equipment or different grounding of
the used probe. When using RF probe, usually a good way is to use metallic tweezers to con-
nect probe ground to PWB ground as close to measurement point as possible.
Note! If the measurement values of RM-12 are as mentioned in this RF troubleshooting guide, but
there are still difficulties making calls with the device, then check the antenna contacts in PWB.

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 4
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
RF Key component placement
Figure 1: Component placement 1
Helgo86
RF ASIC
4GHz VCO
Antenna
Switch Module
900 RX SAW 1900 LNA 1900 RX balun
1800 RX SAW
Power Amplifier
900 TX SAW 26 MHz VCTCXO
VCO balun
1800/1900 TX balun
1900 RX SAW

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
5 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
RF Measurement points
Figure 2: Measurement points
Mode
VBAT
LNA_VCC
LNA_P
RX_1900_saw
_out
VANT_3 ASM_out_1900RX
ASM_out_1800RXASM_out_900RX
ASM_in_1800/1900TX
VANT_2
VANT_1
ASM_in_900TX
Iref_900
To antenna
PA_in_900
VTXB_900
VPCTRL_900 VPCTRL_1800/1900
VTXB
_1800_1900
PA_in_1800/1900
VR2
VR3
VCTCXO
26Mhz out
VR1
TXIN/TXIP
TXQP/QN
TXP/J7300
VR5
TXA/J7301
TXC
VR6
VR7
VR4
900_RX_In
1800_RX_In
1900_RX_In
RFBusEna1/J7306
VPECTRL3(ALC)
RXQ/J7303
RXI/J7302
RFBusReset/J7307 RFBusData/J7304
RFBusClk/J7305
26MHz to BB
Iref_1800_1900

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 6
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
EGSM900, GSM1800 & GSM1900 Transmitter
General instructions for Tx troubleshooting
Kindly refer to the Service Software Section, Service Concept diagram.
Connect test jig to computer with DAU-9S cable or to FPS-8 Flash Prommer with XCS-4 mod-
ular cable.
Make sure that you have PKD-1 dongle connected to computer’s parallel port.
Connect DC power supply to module test jig with FLC-2 cable.
NOTE! When repairing or tuning transmitter use external DC supply with at least 3A current capabil-
ity. Set the DC supply voltage to 4.2V.
Connect an RF-cable to the module test jig (MJ-32) RF connector and to measurement equip-
ment or at least a 10dB attenuator, otherwise the PA may be damaged. Normally a spectrum
analyzer is used as measurement equipment.
NOTE! Normally Spectrum analyzer maximum input power is +30dBm. It is recommended to use
10dB attenuator on Spectrum analyzer input to prevent damage.
Set the phone module to test jig and start Phoenix service sofware.
Initialize connection to phone. (Use FBUS driver when using DAU9S, COMBOX driver when
using FPS-8.)
Select product from the menu:
File -> Choose product -> RM-12
From toolbar, set operating mode to "Local"
Activate RF controls window from the menu:
Testing -> RF Controls
From the RF controls window:
• Select band "GSM900" or "GSM 1800" or "GSM1900" (Default = "GSM900")
• Set Active unit to "Tx" (Default = "Rx")
• Set Operation mode to "Burst" (Default = "Burst")
• Set Tx data type to "Random" (Default = "All1")
• Set Rx/Tx channel to 37 on GSM900 band or 700 on GSM1800 band or 661 on
GSM1900 (Defaults)
• Set Tx PA mode to "Free" (Default)
• Set power level to 5 (Default = 19) on GSM900 or to 0 (Default = 15) on
GSM1800 or GSM1900

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
7 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Transmitter troubleshooting diagrams
Figure 3: Transmitter troubleshooting
Yes
Yes No
No
No Yes
Yes No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes No
TX Troubleshooting
Check output signal level:
+32…[email protected]Hz(GSM900)
+29…[email protected] and 1880MHz
(GSM1800&1900)
OK?
Check
all power
levels,
OK?
TX OK
Tune
TX power
levels,
OK?
TX si
g
nal found?
Check output signal
on 500MHz span
Signal found on incorrect
frequency?
Synthesizer
troubleshootin
g
Check with RF probe signal level on
PA input: ~ -1…+5dBm
OK? Helgo
troubleshootin
g
Start TX power level tuning and check tuned coefficient values:
Highest level ~0.655…0.831(GSM900); ~0.567…0.782(GSM1800&1900)
Lowest level ~0.166…0.196(GSM900); ~0.176…0.225(GSM1800&1900)
Base level ~0.137…0.166(GSM900); ~0.132…0.161(GSM1800&1900)
Major differences?
Tune TX coefficient
values
Check control voltage with
oscilloscope:
PA Ctrl voltage >1.5V peak
OK?
Check control loop
components
OK?
Replace Helgo
PA & Antenna Switch
troubleshooting Replace faulty
com
p
onents
Yes
No

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 8
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 4: HELGO IC troubleshooting
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
HELGO IC
troubleshooting
Check with oscilloscope:
-TXI/TXQ signals
-VR1, VR2, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V
-VrefRF01 = 1.35V
-Helgo serial interface
-TXP & TXC signals
OK?
Baseband
troubleshooting
Check with RF probe:
4G VCO signal output:
-3589.6MHz (GSM900)
-3495.6MHz (GSM1800)
-3760MHz (GSM1900)
Level > - 10dBm
OK?
Synthesizer
troubleshooting
Check modulator output components
OK? Replace HELGO
Replace faulty
component(s)

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
9 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 5: PA and Antenna Switch troubleshooting
Yes Yes
Yes No
Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No
PA & Antenna Switch
troubleshooting
Check with RF probe signal level on PA
input ~ -1…+5 dBm
OK?
Check with oscilloscope:
-VANT1 (GSM900)
-VANT2 (GSM1800)
-VANT3 (GSM1900)
OK?
Replace ant.
switch
Check with oscilloscope:
-VBATT ~4V
-VTXB = 2.8V pulsed
-VPCTRL_900/1800/1900
OK?
Check VANT line
components
OK?
Replace PA
Replace
HELGO
Replace faulty
com
p
onent
(
s
)
Check components
around PA
OK?
Replace faulty
com
p
onent
(
s
)

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 10
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Pictures of transmitter signals
Figure 6: Transmitter signals, VPCTRL
Figure 7: Transmitter signals
TX I/Q at R7304/7305 power level high Random data
VPCTRL900 power level high at R7003
VPCTRL1800/1900 power level high at R7007
200mV/div 100us/div

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
11 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
VANT_1 / GSM900 TX at C7100
VANT_2 / GSM1800 TX at C7102
VANT_3 / GSM1900 TX at C7101 OV
(no signal/ Flatline on Oscilloscope screen)
VTXB_900 at C7013
VTXB_1800_1900 at C7014
TXC at R7303 TXP at J7300
500mV/div 100us/div 500mV/div 100us/div
1
500mV/div 100us/div

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 12
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 8: Tx out signal, 900 band, burst mode, channel 37
Additional information for EDGE troubleshooting
EDGE mode troubleshooting differs slightly from basic GSM troubleshooting
Establish connection to the phone normally (see GSM900/1800/1900 troubleshooting instruc-
tions).
Select product from the menu:
File -> Choose Product -> RM-12
From toolbar, set operating mode to “Local”
Activate RF controls window from the menu:
Testing -> RF Controls
From the RF controls window:
• Select Band “GSM900” or “GSM1800” or “GSM1900”
(Default=”GSM900”)
A
Unit dB
m
1M
A
21 dB Offset
Ref Lvl
34 dBm
Ref Lvl
34 dBm
RF Att 40 dB
Center 897.4 MHz Span 2 MHz200 kHz/
RBW 100 kHz
VBW 100 kHz
SWT 2 s
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
-66
34
1
Marker 1 [T1]
28.46 dBm
897.38997996 MHz
Date: 28.APR.2003 15:09:42

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
13 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
• Set Active unit to “Tx” (Default=”Rx”)
• Set Edge “On” (Default=”Off”)
• Set Operation mode to “Burst” (Default=”Burst”)
• Set Tx data type to “Alternate PN9” (Default=”All1”)
• Set Rx/Tx channel to 37 on GSM900 or 700 on GSM1800 or 661 on
GSM1900 (Defaults)
• Set power level to 8 (Default = 19) on GSM900 or to 2 (Default = 15) on
GSM1800 or GSM1900
NOTE! For GSM900, Edge power levels 5, 6 and 7 are not in use, and for GSM1800&1900, Edge
power levels 0 and 1 are not in use.

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 14
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 9: Transmitter EDGE troubleshooting
Yes
Yes No
No
No Yes
Yes No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes No
TX EDGE Troubleshooting
Check output signal level:
+24…+30[email protected]Hz(GSM900)
+22…+29dBm@1747.8 and 1880MHz
(GSM1800&1900)
OK?
Check
all power
levels,
OK?
TX OK
Tune
TX power
levels,
OK?
TX si
g
nal found?
Check output signal
on 500MHz span
Signal found on incorrect
frequency?
Synthesizer
troubleshootin
g
Check with RF probe signal level on
PA input:
~-8dBm@PCL=8 (GSM900)
~-10dBm@PCL=2 (GSM1800&1900)
OK?
Helgo EDGE
troubleshootin
g
Start TX Edge power level tuning and check tuned coefficient values:
Highest level ~0.684…0.841(GSM900); ~0.763…0.860(GSM1800&1900)
Lowest level ~0.333…0.420(GSM900); ~0.323…0.362(GSM1800&1900)
Base level ~0.273…0.313(GSM900); ~0.244…0.313(GSM1800&1900)
Major differences?
Tune TX coefficient
values
Check control voltages with
oscilloscope:
Pa Iref ~2V peak (GSM900)
Pa Iref ~2.1V peak (GSM1800@1900)
Mode ~1.8V OK?
Check EDGE control
loop components
OK?
Replace Helgo
PA & ant switch
EDGE troubleshooting Replace faulty
com
p
onents
No
Yes

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
15 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 10: Helgo EDGE troubleshooting
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
Helgo EDGE
troubleshooting
Check with oscilloscope:
-TXI/TXQ signals
-VR1, VR2, VR4, VR5, VR6 =2.8V
-VrefRF01 = 1.35V
-Helgo serial interface
-TXP & TXC & TXA
OK?
Baseband
troubleshooting
Check with RF probe:
4G VCO signal output:
-3589.6MHz (GSM900)
-3495.6MHz (GSM1800)
-3760MHz (GSM1900)
Level > - 10dBm
OK?
Synthesizer
troubleshooting
Check modulator output components
and VPECTRL3 signal
OK?
Replace HELGO
Replace faulty
component(s)

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 16
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 11: Pa & ant switch EDGE troubleshooting
Yes Yes
Yes No
Yes No
Yes
No
Yes
No
PA & ant switch
EDGE troubleshooting
Check with RF probe signal level on PA
input:
~ -8dBm@PCL=8 (GSM900)
~ -10dBm@PCL=2 (GSM1800&1900)
OK?
Check with oscilloscope:
-VANT1 (GSM900)
-VANT2 (GSM1800)
-VANT3 (GSM1900)
OK?
Replace ant.
switch
Check with oscilloscope:
-VBATT ~4V
-Iref _900 ~2V peak
-Iref_1800_1900 ~2.1V peak
-VTXB = 2.8V pulsed
-Mode = ~1.8V
OK?
Check VANT line
components
OK?
Replace PA
Replace
HELGO
Replace faulty
com
p
onent
(
s
)
Check components
around PA
OK?
Replace faulty
com
p
onent
(
s
)

RM-12
CCS Technical Documentation
17 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Issue 1 11/2004
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Pictures of EDGE transmitter signals
Figure 12: I_ref_900 power level 8 at R7019/C7001
Figure 13: VTXB 900 power level 8 at C7013

RM-12 CCS Technical Documentation
Issue 1 11/2004 COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 18
Copyright © 2004 Nokia. All Rights Reserved.
Figure 14: I_ref_1800/1900 power level 2 at R7017/C7000
Figure 15: VTXB 1800/1900 power level 2 at C7014