Nokia RH-77 Operating instructions

Nokia Customer Care
2118 (RH-77)
Mobile Terminal
Issue 01 04/2005 Company Confidential ©2005 Nokia Corporation
RF Description and
Troubleshooting

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 2 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Contents Page
Components ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Transmitter Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 5
Low Tx Power ................................................................................................................................................5
Cell Transmitter Setup ...............................................................................................................................5
Cell Transmitter Path ..................................................................................................................................8
Tx AGC Tuning ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Cell Power Amplifier ............................................................................................................................. 12
Cell PMIC.................................................................................................................................................. 12
Cell IF/RF AGC and PA Control........................................................................................................... 14
Cell Power Detector .............................................................................................................................. 16
Tx System Block Diagram ........................................................................................................................18
Receiver Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................... 19
Rx IF ...............................................................................................................................................................19
Switching the Gain ...................................................................................................................................24
Rx RF .............................................................................................................................................................26
Rx AGC (Cell mode)............................................................................................................................... 28
Receiver Block Diagram ...........................................................................................................................30
Synthesizer Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................... 31
Synthesizer Setup ......................................................................................................................................31
VCTCXO Tuning ...........................................................................................................................................33
VCTCXO Reference Clock ..................................................................................................................... 36
Synthesizer Block Diagram .....................................................................................................................37
UHF Synthesizer .........................................................................................................................................38
Rx VHF ..........................................................................................................................................................39
Tx VHF ...........................................................................................................................................................40

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 3
Components
Figure 1 and Figure 2 illustrate the main components of the 2118.
Figure 1: RF components (top)
RF connector LCD module connector

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 4 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Figure 2: RF components (bottom)
Rx IF CDMA filter
Rx downconverter
Cell Tx PA
Cell isolator
Rx IC LNA+downconverter
Cell Rx RF SAW filter
Cell Tx SAW filter
Tx Up-Converter
VCO
VCTCXO
UPP
UEM
PA PMIC DC-DC converter
On/Off switch
Flash
Pop-port connector
Cell duplexer
Battery converter
SIM card connector

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 5
Transmitter Troubleshooting
Low Tx Power
Use Phoenix to turn on the transmitter in Local Mode, and check the following:
• Verify the current (0.7 - 1A for max power, mode, and channel dependent).
• Use a microscope to visually inspect the PWB for proper placement, rotation, and
soldering of components.
• Look for the presence of a Tx signal on the spectrum analyzer at the correct
frequency:
• If the signal is not on frequency, check in the 100 MHz span.
• If the signal is present but off frequency, check the synthesizer. Most likely,
one of the synthesizers is not locked, or the VCO has no output signal.
• If the signal is not present, or is present but low in amplitude, use the
probing tables to determine where in the chain the fault occurs.
• Verify that the AGC PDMs are set for the desired Tx power as listed in the Tx AGC
Tuning table on page 11, and ensure that the AGC voltages are correct.
• Check the synthesizers for proper frequency and amplitude.
• Ensure that the power supplies to the transmitter have the correct voltage.
Cell Transmitter Setup
Use the following steps to set up the mobile terminal for Tx troubleshooting in Phoenix.
1. Open the Phone Control dialog box.
Figure 3: Phone Control dialog box for Tx troubleshooting

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 6 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
2. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into
Local Mode.
3. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box:
•Band = Cell (CDMA)
•Channel = 384
•Mode = Rx/Tx
Figure 4: RF Main Mode dialog box for Tx troubleshooting
4. Click Set.
Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in the
status bar.
5. Select the Rho ON check box on the CDMA Control dialog box.
Figure 5: CDMA Control dialog box for Tx troubleshooting
6. Click Execute.
7. At this point you should be able to measure Tx Pout at the RF connector. The cell
band Tx Pout =0 to 2 dBm. If you do not see these values, set the AGC PDM for
25 dBm and probe the Tx path to figure out where in the path the fault occurs.
8. Open the General I/O dialog box to set the PA gain state.

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 7
9. Enter 10, 13, 12, and 8 in the PIN # fields.
Figure 6: General I/O dialog box for Tx troubleshooting
10. Select the boxes in the Enable column for each pin.
11. Click the Get All button.
12. Ensure that all of the pins have a value of H in the State column. (Click the L
values to change them to H values.)
13. Adjust the following PDM field values on the RF PDM dialog box:
•Tx IF AGC = -280
•Tx RF AGC = -280

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 8 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Figure 7: RF PDM dialog box for Tx troubleshooting
14. Ensure that the Phone Tx Pout = +25 dBm and the current = 770-860 mA.
Cell Transmitter Path
Table 1 indicates the test points (see Figure 8) to probe when troubleshooting the cell
transmitter path. It is recommended that you follow the steps in order. An HP high
frequency probe was used to make the frequency and output power measurements
Table 1: Cell Transmitter Test Points
Test
Point Part* Function
Typical
Value/
Frequency
HP85024A
Typical
Value
Frequency
Prod Probe
Comments
T1 Z601 pin1 N601-Out -43 dBm/
836.52 MHz
-13.2 dBm/
836.52 MHz
Output of N601 Driver, Input to
Tx SAW Filter
T2 Z601 pin 3 PA-In -25 dBm/
836.52 MHz
-15.4 dBm/
836.52 MHz
Output of Tx SAW, Input to PA
T3 N803 pin 8 PA-Out 5.0 dBm/
836.52 MHz
18.3 dBm/
836.52 MHz
Output of PA, Input to Isolator
T4 Z803T Iso-Out 2.2 dBm/
836.52 MHz
10.3 dBm/
836.52 MHz
Output of Isolator, Input to
Duplexer
T5 C603L IF-Out -29 dBm/
228.6 MHz
-24 dBm/
228.6 MHz
Tx IF Probing Point at IF Filter
T6 C638T, C654T,
C633R,
C635R,
C603LR
VR5 2.7 V dc VHF VCO/PLL, IQ modulator
supply from UEM
T7 C655R VR7 2.7 V dc UHF PLL Supply from UEM

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 9
* The R, L, T, and B values at the end of the part names indicate the Right, Left, Top,
and Bottom side of the part respectively in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
T8 C636L, C624T,
L609B, C612L,
C630B, L607B
VR2 2.7 V dc Mixer, driver, and IF supply from
UEM
T9 C605R, C606R VAGC-Tx 0.2 to 1.8 V dc Tx AGC Control Voltage from
UPP.
0.2 V = Max Gain
1.8 V = Min Gain
T10 C658R, C600T VIO-Tx 1.8 V dc Supply for Digital circuits from
UEM
T11 C805B, C810T,
C816R
VBAT 3.6 V dc Battery Voltage
(Nominal Voltage 3.6 V dc)
T12 C802L, C813L VPA 3.6 V dc
(High Gain)
Main PA Supply Voltage from
PMIC. Lgain=0.8 V,
Mgain=-1.25 V, Hgain=Vbat
T13 C814R VG 1.8 V dc
(Enable)
PA Gate Voltage (Enable/Disable)
Disable=0 V
Table 1: Cell Transmitter Test Points (Continued)
Test
Point Part* Function
Typical
Value/
Frequency
HP85024A
Typical
Value
Frequency
Prod Probe
Comments

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 10 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Figure 8 shows each test point for the N601 TXIC section from Table 1, “Cell Transmitter
Test Points,” on page 8. Always attach a 20 dB pad (11881-60001) when probing with an
HP85024A high-frequency probe.
Figure 8: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the N601 TXIC section.
(Bottom right) A zoomed view of the N601 TXIC section with part numbers.

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 11
Figure 9 shows each testing point for the PA section from Table 1, “Cell Transmitter Test
Points,” on page 8. Always attach a 20 dB pad (11881-60001) when probing with an
HP85024A high frequency probe.
Figure 9: (Top) PWB. (Bottom left) A zoomed view of the testing points on the PA section.
(Bottom right) A zoomed view of the PA section with part numbers.
Tx AGC Tuning
Tx power versus IF/RF PDM can be verified against FlaLi specification limits. Make sure
that the PA is set in high gain mode (GenIO bits 10, 13, and 12 are set to H).
Table 2: Tx AGC Tuning Steps
Tx Tuning
AGC Step
Tx AGC
PDM Value
Target
Power
Low
Limit
High
Limit
Tx AGC (0) 308 -46 -55 -37
Tx AGC (1) 130 -24 -34 -14
Tx AGC (2) 85 -15 -25 -6
Tx AGC (3) 51 -4.5 -14 5
Tx AGC (4) 19 2.5 -7 12
Tx AGC (5) -5 6 -3 15

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 12 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
*Not an actual FlaLi tuning PDM. The PDM produces approximately 25 dBm at the antenna
connector.
Cell Power Amplifier
The power amplifier (PA) has the DC/DC converter (PMIC device), which controls the
transmitter. The following tables show the circuits that have an effect on the transmitter
path and how to troubleshoot them.
*Not an actual FlaLi tuning PDM. PDM to produce approximately 25 dBm at
antenna connector.
Cell PMIC
The following tables show the PMIC troubleshooting information.
Tx AGC (6) -94 15 6 24
Tx AGC (7)* -280* 25 21 27
Table 3: PA Power and Gain Measurements
Power Amp
Input Test Point
Power Amp
Output Test Point
pin3-Z601 left-R814
Table 4: PA Power and Gain Specifications
Mode Name Power Output
Range Nominal Gain Vcc Range Vcc Test Point
Gain mode 0 V0 up to 6 23.8 0.75- 0.88 C806
Gain mode 1 V1 6 to 11 25.2 1.125- 1.375 C806
Gain mode 3 V2 Not used Not used 2 - 2.5 C806
Gain mode 2 Bypass 11 up 29 3 - 4 C806
Gain mode 0 V0 up to 6 23.8 0.75- 0.88 C806
Gain mode 1 V1 6 to 11 25.2 1.125- 1.375 C806
Table 5: PMIC Setup
Mode Tx Rx Band
Local On On CELL
Table 2: Tx AGC Tuning Steps (Continued)
Tx Tuning
AGC Step
Tx AGC
PDM Value
Target
Power
Low
Limit
High
Limit

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 13
Table 6: PMIC Measurements
Pin Label Test Point Units Depends On Comments
1 EP Pin 1 1.8 UPP IC enable = GenIO 10
2 M0 Pin 2 1.8 UPP Control 0 = GenIO 12
3 M1 Pin 3 1.8 UPP Control 1 = GenIO 13
4NC NC NC NC NC
5 FB Pin 5 0.75 - 4 M0, M1 See PA worksheet. Output to flyback
inductor.
6 FB Pin 6 0.75 - 4 M0, M1 Shares PWB pad with pin 5
7 BYPVout bottom-
C808
0.75 - 4 M0, M1 PMIC bypass output used at
Pout > 12 dBm
8 VDD right-L810 VBATT VBATT Digital DC supply, shared with pin 12,
14, and 15
9 VSS GND GND GND Digital GND, shared gnd with pin 13
10 NC NC NC NC NC
11 Vbgap NC NC NC Bandgap voltage output
12 VDD right-L810 VBATT VBATT Digital DC supply
13 Vss GND GND GND Digital GND, shared gnd with pin 9
14 Vsw right-L810 VBATT VBATT Switcher supply
15 Vsw right-L810 VBATT VBATT Switcher supply
16 Gsw GND GND GND Switcher GND, does not share with pin 9
and pin 13
Table 7: Good Mobile Terminal PMIC Resistances
Pin Resistance
1 60 k
2 75 k
3 80 k
4 1.59 M
51.6M
62M
72M
82M
90.1
10 100

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 14 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Cell IF/RF AGC and PA Control
Table 8, “Cell CDMA Channel 384 (Skyworks PA),” on page 15 illustrates the PDM values
and their typical values for the IF AGC, RF AGC N601 Pout, gain steps, and the PA VCC
levels. This table also shows the typical power output at the RF connector.
11 115 k
12 60 k
13 0.2
14 1.3 M
15 1.18 M
16 0.1
Table 7: Good Mobile Terminal PMIC Resistances (Continued)
Pin Resistance

2118 (RH-77)
Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 15
Table 8: Cell CDMA Channel 384 (Skyworks PA)
Tx RF AGC Tx IF AGC N601 Po PA Gain Step PA Vcc
Conn RF
Pout
PDM Typical
Value
Test
Point PDM Typical Value
Test
Point
Typical
Value
Test
Point Gen IO 12 Gen IO 13 Typical Value
Test
Point
PA
Gain
-290 0.45 Bottom
C606
-290 0.45 Top
C605
3pin1
Z601
H H 3.47 C806 DM 25
-196 0.59 -196 0.59 -2 H H 3.61 28 20
-95 0.75 -95 0.75 -9.2 H H 3.67 28 13.2
-95 0.75 -95 0.75 -9.2 H L 1.2 26 11
-48 0.83 -48 0.83 -13 H L 1.2 25.8 7
-48 0.83 -48 0.83 -13 L L 0.82 24.5 6
17 0.93 17 0.93 -19 L L 0.82 0
80 1.04 80 1.04 -29 L L 0.82 -10
120 1.11 120 1.11 -39 L L 0.82 -20
168 1.19 168 1.19 -49 L L 0.82 -30
249 1.32 249 1.32 -59 L L 0.82 -40
324 1.49 324 1.49 -69 L L 0.82 -50

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 16 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Cell Power Detector
The following tables illustrate the measurements required for troubleshooting the cell
power detector.
Table 9: Cell Power Setup
Mode Tx Rx Band Chnn Rho
Local On On CELL 384 On
Input Chnn Tx Freq Rx Freq
384 836.52 881.52
Table 10: Cell Power Measurements: Cell, Channel 384
Tx ADC PA Gain
Step Conn
RF Pout
Power Detector Comments
RF/IF
pdm
GIO
12
GIO
13
Pout at
Detector
Test
Point
Det
Out
Test
Point mA Det=Detector Po=Power
324 L L -50 -86.3 Right
R814
2Left
C807
235 Cell band and
detector
coupling is about
22 dB
142 L L -25 -63 2 235
17 L L 0 -41 1.998 235
-48 L L 6 -30 1.967 250
-48 H L 7 -29 1.957 268
-95 H L 11 -26 1.93 286
-95 H H 13.2 -23.5 1.9 435
-146 H H 17 -21.5 1.86 486
-178 H H 19 -19 1.812 550
-214 H H 21 -17 1.745 630
-252 H H 23 -15 1.667 730
-290 H H 25 -12 1.547 860
-316 H H 26 -11.5 1.485 950
-328 H H 26.5 -11 1.44 1000
-351 H H 27.5 -10 1.36 1095
none dBm dBm/
30kHz
VDC dBm only refers
to total power
measured

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 17
Table 11: Detector Reference and DC Supply
label Test Point Typical Value
Det Ref left-C803 2
Det Supply bottom-C257 2.8
VDC

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 18 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Tx System Block Diagram
See the Schematics chapter for a 2118 transmitter schematic.
Figure 10: Tx system block diagram
0º
I
Q
0º
UHF LO
90º
Isolator
Power
Detector
To Baseband
÷2/÷4
90º
VHF LO
90º
0º
90º
0º Cell RX
Antenna
Duplexer
From
Baseband
0º
I
Q
0º
UHF LO
90º
Isolator
0º
I
Q
0º
UHF LO
90º
Isolator
Power
Detector
To Baseband
÷2/÷4
90º
VHF LO
90º
0º
90º
0º Cell RX
Antenna
Duplexer
From
Baseband
Power
Detector
Power
Detector
To Baseband
÷2/÷4
90º
VHF LO
90º
0º
90º
0º Cell RX
Antenna
Duplexer
From
Baseband ÷2/÷4
90º
VHF LO
90º
0º0º
90º
0º0º Cell RX
Antenna
Duplexer
From
Baseband
457.2MHz
BB I LPF IQ Modulator
IF VGA
(IF AGC PDM)
1052.61-107757MHz
Upconverter
RF VGA
(RF AGC PDM)
Tx SAW
Bandpass PWR Amplifier
TP1
TP2 TP3
TP4

Nokia Customer Care RF Description and Troubleshooting
2118 (RH-77)
Issue 01 04/2005 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Page 19
Receiver Troubleshooting
Rx IF
Use Phoenix to perform the following steps for troubleshooting the receiver. Together
with the VCO frequency and level verification, this test should be the first test for a non-
working receiver. This test verifies the entire receiver chain, from input connector to
baseband output.
1. Inject a CW signal 881.82 MHz or 881.22 MHz (CH-384 offset by 300 KHz) at a
fixed –75 dBm power level. If you do not have a signal generator, use the call box
in AMPS mode on Channel 374 or 394 (10 channels away from channel 384).
2. Open the Phone Control dialog box.
Figure 11: Phone Control dialog box for Rx IF troubleshooting
3. Click the LOCAL button in the Phone State area to put the mobile terminal into
Local Mode.
4. Select the following values on the RF Main Mode dialog box:
•Band = Cell (CDMA)
•Channel = 384
•Mode = Rx

2118 (RH-77)
RF Description and Troubleshooting Nokia Customer Care
Page 20 ©2005 Nokia Corporation Company Confidential Issue 01 04/2005
Figure 12: RF Main Mode dialog box for Rx IF troubleshooting
5. Click Set.
Note: Be sure that the “RF Main Mode set successfully” message appears in
the status bar.
6. Use a spectrum analyzer to test TP3 (I+,I-, Q+, Q-). Set the S.A to 300 KHz center
frequency, 200 KHz SPAN, and +10 dBm reference level. The spectrum analyzer
should read –8 dBm without any settings to the PDM.
7. Use Table 12 to configure the CDMA generator code domain.
Table 13 shows the steps for Rx IF troubleshooting. See Figure 13 on page 22 for an
illustration of the corresponding test points.
Table 12: CDMA Generator Code Domain Setup
Channel Power Walsh Code
Pilot -7dB 0
Paging -12dB 1
Traffic -15.6dB 10
Sync -16dB 32
Table 13: Rx IF Troubleshooting
Step # Part Function
Typical
Value/
Frequency
HP85024A
Typical
Value
Frequency
Prod Probe
Comments
TP1 L702R IF-IN +1.3 dBm/
183.6MHz
-12/-27 dBm
183.6 MHz
I.F Input to Z701 (I.F filter).
NOT 50 ohm
TP2 L701L/R SAW Out -16 dBm/
183.6MHz
-35/-50 dBm
183.6 MHz
Differential outputs of Z701.
NOT 50 ohm