PairGain HIGAIN HRU-412 User manual

HIGAIN REMOTE UNIT
Model List Number Part Number CLEI Code
HRU-412 9 150-1103-09 T1L2CCKAAA
PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL PRACTICE
SECTION 150-412-109-01
Revision History of this practice.
July 9, 1997
A) Initial Release

Section 150-412-109 July 9, 1997 Revision 01
Page ii PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HiGain HRU-412
Copyright 1997 PairGain Technologies, Inc.
PairGain is a registered trademark, and HiGain is a trademark of PairGain Technologies, Inc.

Revision 01 July 9, 1997 Section 150-412-109
HiGain HRU-412 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series Page iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. PRODUCT OVERVIEW................................................................................................................ 1
1. Description and Features................................................................................................... 1
2. Specifications.................................................................................................................... 6
3. Theory of Operation.......................................................................................................... 7
4. Applications...................................................................................................................... 8
5. Local and Line Powering .................................................................................................. 8
B. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................................ 9
6. Inspecting Your Shipment................................................................................................. 9
7. HRU-412 Card Edge Pin-Out Diagram ............................................................................ 10
8. User Options on the HRU-412 Backplane ........................................................................ 11
9. Installing the HRU-412.................................................................................................... 13
10. Connecting to a Dumb Terminal .................................................................................... 14
C. USING THE MAINTENANCE/REMOTE TERMINAL............................................................. 16
11. Using the Maintenance/Remote Terminal Menus........................................................... 16
12. Maintenance/Remote Terminal Main Menu ................................................................... 17
13. View Span Status...........................................................................................................19
14. Set Clock ....................................................................................................................... 24
15. System Settings.............................................................................................................. 25
16. View Performance Data ................................................................................................. 27
17. View Performance History............................................................................................. 30
18. View Alarm History....................................................................................................... 33
19. Remote Logoff............................................................................................................... 36
D. PERFORMANCE MONITORING............................................................................................... 37
20. Basic Features................................................................................................................ 37
21. Supplemental Test Indicators ......................................................................................... 37
22. Loopback Design Description ........................................................................................ 40
23. Loopback Test Procedures ............................................................................................. 42
E. PRODUCT SUPPORT .................................................................................................................. 44
24. Technical Support..........................................................................................................44
25. PairGain Warranty ......................................................................................................... 44
26. Certification................................................................................................................... 44
F. ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY ......................................................................................... 45
27. Abbreviations and Glossary............................................................................................ 45

Section 150-412-109 July 9, 1997 Revision 01
Page iv PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HiGain HRU-412
USING THIS TECHNICAL PRACTICE
Three types of messages, identified by icons, appear in the text:
A note informs you of special circumstances.
A caution indicates the possibility of equipment damage.
A warning indicates the possibility of personal injury.

Revision 01 July 9, 1997 Section 150-412-109
HiGain HRU–412 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series Page 1
A. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1. Description and Features
1.1 This technical practice describes the PairGain
®
HiGain  HRU-412 List 9, a HiGain Remote Unit
(HRU) which functions as the remote end of a repeaterless T1 transmission system. When used with
HiGain Line Units (HLUs) and HiGain Doubler Units (HDUs), the HiGain system provides 1.544
Mbps on two unconditioned copper pairs over the full Carrier Service Area (CSA) range. This
practice describes using the HRU-412 with and without HiGain Doubler Units (HDUs).
1.2 Figure 1 shows a basic HiGain configuration for a T1 High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)
circuit. The HLU is installed at the Central Office (CO) shelf and the HRU is housed in a remote
enclosure at the Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) site. Optional HDUs provide the ability to
double or even triple the distance range for customer applications located outside the CSA.
Figure 1. Typical HiGain System
1.3 Section C describes using the Maintenance Terminal Main menu for non-doubler applications and
the Remote Terminal menus for doubler applications.
1.4 Standards compliance. The HiGain system uses HDSL transmission technology as
recommended by Bellcore TA-TSY-001210. HiGain complies with:
•ANSI T1E1.4, T1.403-1989 and 1995, and T1E1.4/92-00R2R technical standards and
recommendations
•TR-TSY-000063 Network Equipment Building System (NEBS) Generic Equipment
requirements
•TR-TSY-000499 Transport System Generic Requirements (TSGR) common requirements

Section 150-412-109 July 9, 1997 Revision 01
Page 2 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HiGain HRU–412
1.5 HRU-412 List 9 features:
•Front panel:
– CPE current monitor test points
– Receive (RCV) and Transmit (XMT) access jacks for testing
– DS1 and HDSL status LEDs
– HDSL margin threshold indicator
– RS-232 console port for connection to a maintenance terminal
•Performs Super Frame (SF)/Extended Super Frame (ESF) conversion

ANSI T1.403 Performance Report Messages (PRMs)

Supplemental Performance Report Messages (SPRMs), Alarm Indication Signal-Customer
Interface (AIS-CI), and Remote Alarm Indicator-Customer Interface (RAI-CI) per
T1E1.4/92-00R2R
•ANSI T1.403 DS1 Customer Interface (CI)
•Generic and addressable repeater loopback activation codes
•Provisioning switches for Interface-Customer Premises Equipment (I-CPE) current, Super
Frame-Remote Alarm Indication (SF-RAI) signal, and Receive Level (RLEV) for the T1 output
signal
•Line or local power options
•Optional sealing current
•Lightning and power cross protection on HDSL and DS1 interfaces
•784 kbps full-duplex 2-Bits-1-Quaternary (2B1Q) HDSL Transmission on 2 pairs
•DS0 blocking
•Compatible with PairGain 1 x 1 Protection Switching System
The Transmit Loss of Signal Loopback (TLOS-LB) option in the HRU-412 List 8 has
been replaced by the SF-RAI option. This option controls the generation of an
SF-RAI signal in response to an ESF-RAI message.

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HiGain HRU-412 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series Page 3
1.6 Front Panel. Figure 2 and Table 1 identify the HRU-412 front panel components. Table 2
describes the functions of the front panel components and Table 3 describes how to read the different
system status conditions indicated by the LEDs.
Figure 2. HRU-412 Front Panel
Table 1. HRU-412 Front Panel Components
Name Function
Test points Provides 60 mA MON (monitor) test points (see Table 2).
RCV and XMT Access Jacks Provides splitting and monitor access jacks to the CPE DS1 interface (see Table 2).
Alarm LEDs Shows alarm states (see Tables 2 and 3).
Loopback LEDs Shows loopback states (see Tables 2 and 3).
Loopback button Provides the ability to perform loopback test procedures (see Section 23).
Code LEDs Provides indications for line code options (see Tables 2 and 3).
Framing LEDs Provides indications for framing patterns (see Table 2 and 3).
RS-232 connector Confi
g
ured as Data Circuit-Terminatin
g
E
q
ui
p
ment (DCE) which allows
y
ou to control
the HRU-412 through a dumb terminal (or a PC with terminal emulation software).
HDSL LEDs Displays HDSL Loop 1 and Loop 2 Conditions (see Tables 2 and 3).
Card Handle Handle used to remove the HRU-412 from the remote enclosure.

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Page 4 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HiGain HRU–412
Table 2. HRU-412 Front Panel Component Functions
Name Function
Test points 60 mA MON (monitor) test points which allow the 60 mA CPE current option, if selected, to be
measured. The current flowing is related to the voltage measured across the "+" and "-" test points by
the following relationship:
CPE current =1 mA / 1 mV. Typical readings range from 55 to 65 mV which equate to a 55 to 65 mA
current range.
RCV and
XMT Access
Jacks
Splitting and monitor access jacks to the CPE DS1 interface. See Figure 3 for circuit details. These
jacks are transformer-isolated from the CPE DS1 metallic interface:
CI: Customer Interface, LINE: Line Interface, MON: Monitor Interface
ALM LEDs Remote and Local Loss Of Signal (LOS).
REM LOS Displays remote (REM) LOS.
LOC LOS Displays local (LOC) LOS.
LB LEDs Loopback to/from the NET (Network) and to/from the Customer Interface (CI)
NET Displays NET loopback state.
CI Displays CI loopback state.
Loopback
(LB) button Activates the remote unit metallic loopback state by pressing the button for five (5) seconds. The unit can be unlooped by either pressing the button again for five seconds or via the standard loopdown coded
messages.
CODE LEDs Indications for code options.
B8ZS Indicates that the DS1 line code option is set to Bidirectional 8-Zero substitution (B8ZS).
AMI Indicates that the user DS1 line code option is set to Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI).
BPV Indicates that a Bipolar Violation (BPV) is received at the remote’s DS1 input.
FRM LEDs Indications for framing patterns.
ESF Displays ESF framing.
SF Displays SF framing.
ERR Framing error.
RS-232
connector Provides bi-directional communication between the unit and an external dumb terminal through an RS-232 interface to allow configuration and performance monitoring through the Maintenance Terminal
menus. See Section 10 for operating procedures.
HDSL LEDs Displays HDSL Loop 1 and Loop 2 Conditions
LP1 (Loop 1)
OK Displays synchronization state for HDSL Loop 1.
MAR Indicates that the Signal-to-Noise (S/N) margin has dropped below the margin threshold value.
ES Indicates at least one HDSL Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) error is detected from the upstream
module.
LP2 (Loop 2)
OK Displays synchronization state for HDSL Loop 2.
MAR Indicates that the S/N margin has dropped below the margin threshold value.
ES Indicates at least one HDSL CRC error is detected from the upstream module.

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HiGain HRU-412 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series Page 5
Table 3. Reading the HRU-412 Front Panel LEDs
Name Mode Description
REM LOS Steady red LOS detected at the T1 input to the remote HLU unit. This condition causes the
HRU to transmit the AIS pattern towards the CPE.
Off Normal transmission of data.
LOC LOS Steady red LOS detected at the T1 input to the local HRU unit. This condition causes an
AIS-CI signal to be transmitted towards the customer and an AIS-CI signal to
be sent to the DSX-1 from the HLU. This state is not sent to the HLU and does
not register an LOS ALRM condition.
Off Normal transmission of data.
NET Steady green The HRU is in a loopback state in which the signal from the NET is being
looped back to the NET.
Off No NET loopbacks are active.
CI Steady yellow The HRU is in a loopback state in which the signal from the CI is being looped
back to the CI.
Off No CI loopbacks are active.
B8ZS Steady green DS1 line code option set to B8ZS. If however the user DS1 line code option is
set to Auto, LED indicates that the code of the DS1 signal being received at the
HRUs DS1 input is B8ZS.
AMI Steady yellow DS1 line code option set to AMI. If the user DS1 line code option is set to
Auto, LED indicates that the code of the DS1 signal being received at the HRUs
DS1 input is AMI.
BPV Blinking red Blinks every time a BPV, other than those associated with a B8ZS code, is
received at the HRUs DS1 input.
ESF Steady green Indicates that framing pattern of the signal being received at the HRUs DS1
input is ESF.
SF Steady yellow Indicates that framing pattern of the signal being received at the HRUs DS1
input is SF.
ERR Steady red Indicates a DS1 frame error has occurred.
LP1
OK Blinking green HDSL Loop 1 is synchronizing with the HLU.
Steady green HDSL Loop 1 is synchronized and ready to receive and transmit data.
MAR Blinking yellow Indicates a problem in Loop 1 (doubler applications only) of the HDSL cable
pairs that are non-adjacent to the HRU. Blinking once per second indicates a
Loss of Sync Word (LOSW) problem in Span 1’s Loop 1 HDSL pair between
the HLU and doubler. Blinking twice per second indicates a LOSW problem in
Span 2’s Loop 1 HDSL pair between the first and second doublers.
ES Blinking red Blinks every second in which at least one HDSL CRC error is detected on Loop
1 from the upstream module.
LP2
OK Blinking green HDSL Loop 2 is synchronizing with the HLU.
Steady green HDSL Loop 2 is synchronized and ready to receive and transmit data.
MAR Blinking yellow Indicates a problem in Loop 2 (doubler applications only) of the HDSL cable
pairs that are non-adjacent to the HRU. Blinking once per second indicates a
LOSW problem in Span 2’s Loop 2 HDSL pair between the HLU and doubler.
Blinking twice per second indicates a LOSW problem in Span 2’s Loop 2
HDSL pair between the first and second doublers.
ES Blinking red Blinks every second in which at least one HDSL CRC error is detected on Loop
2 from the upstream module.

Section 150-412-109 July 9, 1997 Revision 01
Page 6 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HiGain HRU–412
2. Specifications
Physical
Material...................................................... Steel
Finish..........................................................Zinc plated
Mounting.................................................... Any standard 400 mechanics shelf
Dimensions
Height......................................................... 5.6 in. (14.22 cm)
Width .........................................................1.4 in. (3.55 cm)
Depth..........................................................5.6 in. (14.22 cm)
Weight........................................................1 lb., 2 oz.
Power
Consumption ..............................................6 W (with I-CPE set to 0)
8 W (with I-CPE set to 60)
Maximum Provisioning Loss ...................... 35 dB at 196 kHz, 135 Ω
Electrical Protection ................................... Secondary surge and power cross protection on all DS1 and
HDSL ports
Environment
Operating Temperature............................... - 40 to + 65ºC
Operating Humidity.................................... 5 to 95% non-condensing
HDSL
Line Code...................................................784 kbps 2B1Q full duplex
Output ........................................................+13 dB ± 0.5 dB @ 135 Ω
Line Impedance..........................................135 Ω
Line DC resistive signature......................... 14 Ω
Startup Time............................................... 15 seconds (typical)
60 seconds (maximum)
DS1
Line Impedance..........................................100 Ω
Pulse Output............................................... 0 dB (RLEV = 0), -15 dB (RLEV = 15)
Input Level................................................. > 22.5 dB
Line Rate....................................................1.544 Mbps ± 200 bps
Output Wander (MTIE and TVAR) ............Compliant with Section 7.2.1 of the T1X1.3/90-026R7 SONET
Committee Report
Line Format................................................AMI, B8ZS, or ZBTSI
Frame Format............................................. ESF, SF or unframed
Line Clock Rate
Internal Stratum 4 clock