PASCO Pasport PS-2197 User manual

Instruction Sheet
012-10323C
Non-contact Temperature Sensor
PS-2197
800-772-8700 [phone]
www.pasco.com [email protected]
Included Equipment
1. Non-contact Temperature Sensor
2. Sensor Handle
Additional Items Required*
• PASCO Interface and Data Collection Software
(*See the PASCO catalog or web site at
www.pasco.com for more information.)
Quick Start
1. Connect the Non-contact Temperature Sensor to a
PASCO interface, connect the interface to a com-
puting device, and start the software.
2. Click Record or press Start to begin collecting
data.
3. Point the sensor at an object or surface.
The sensor measures the temperature of the surface filling
its field of view. The temperature is recorded and displayed
on the computing device (such as a computer, tablet, or
smart phone).
Introduction
The Non-contact Temperature Sensor measures surface
temperature by detecting infrared light emitted by
objects. It features the ability to measure objects without
touching them, a very fast response (less than 0.1 s),
and a wide measurement range (-70 °C to 380 °C).
The Non-contact Temperature Sensor connects to a
computer via a PASCO interface. Measurements are
recorded and displayed by the computer or datalogger.
The sensor can be used for continuous recording and
discrete measurements.
Set-up
Connecting the Sensor
1. Plug the sensor into a PASPORT input port on the
interface. You can connect the sensor directly to
the port or use a PASPORT Extension Cable
(PASCO part PS-2500).
2. Connect the PASCO interface to a computing
device and start the PASCO Software.
Positioning the Sensor
Point the aperture of the sensor at the surface or object
to be measured. Ensure that the object fills the senor’s
field of view (see Figure 1.2); smaller objects need to be
closer to the sensor.
Unit of Measure
By default, the sensor reads temperature on the Celsius
scale. Change the unit-of-measure setting in the software
to read absolute temperature in units of K or temperature
on the Fahrenheit scale.
2
1
For Educational Use Only! Note: This is not a medical device. It is designed for educational use only and should not be
used in any medical process such as life support or patient diagnosis. It is also not intended for use in graduate
research or industry including industrial control or any type of industrial testing.

®
Non-contact Temperature Sensor PS-2197
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Sample Rate
By default, the sensor collects data at the rate of 10
samples per second. This rate can be changed in the
software.
Attaching the Sensor Handle
The included sensor handle allows the sensor to be held
in a clamp or other device. Attach the handle to the
sensor as illustrated in Figure 1.1.
Figure 1.1: Attaching the sensor handle
Collecting Data
Click Record or press Start in the software. The comput-
ing device begins to collect data.
About the Sensor
Field of View
The sensor’s field of view is ±35°, as illustrated in Figure
2. The object or surface being measured should fill the
field of view.
Figure 1.2: Field of view
How the Sensor Calculates Temperature
All objects emit infrared radiation. The radiated power per
unit area of an object is given by the Stefan-Boltzmann
law:
I =  T
4
Where T is the objects’ absolute surface temperature,
and  is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. The emissivity,
, is a property of the object’s surface and can range from
0 to 1. An object with = 1 is described as a blackbody.
Consider a blackbody of temperature
T
o whose surface
can be approximated as an infinite plane, and a flat
detector surface of area
A . The surfaces are parallel to
each other. Because radiation from an infinite plane
propagates as a plane wave, the power flow from the
object to the detector (
P
od) equals the radiation emitted
by a part of the object surface whose area equals the
detector’s area, regardless of the distance between the
object and detector.
P
od =
A  T
o4
The detector itself also radiates in accordance to the
Stefan-Boltzmann law. If the detector’s temperature is
T
a,
then power radiating from the detector is
P
a =
A  T
a4
Therefore, the net power absorbed by the detector due to
radiation is
P = A ( T
o4 
T
a4)
A thermopile in the sensor produces a voltage,
V , which
is proportional to
P . The above equations combine to
give
V = k ( T
o4 
T
a4)
Where
k is a constant.
35° 35°
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
-80° -60° -40° -20° 0° 20° 40° 60° 80°
Angle, Deg

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Non-contact Temperature Sensor PS-2197
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012-10323C
The sensor measures
V and T
a internally. A
microprocessor in the sensor uses these values to
calculate
T
o.
Object Emissivity
The sensor calculates temperature based on the
assumption that the object has an emissivity of 1. This is
a good approximation for surfaces, such as paint, wood,
paper, plastic, water, ice, human skin, and asphalt, that
have emissivities greater than 0.9.
Other surfaces, especially polished metals, have lower
emmisivites. An object with emissivity significantly less 1
will radiate less power per unit area than a blackbody of
the same temperature. A low-emissivity object will also
reflect more radiation from other sources. These
combined effects may cause the temperature reported by
the sensor to differ from the actual object temperature for
low-emissivity objects. If you know the values of
T
a and
o, you can approximate actual temperature using
T
o4 =
T
R4o +
T
a4(1-1o)
Where
T
R is the object temperature as reported by the
sensor, and
T
o is the actual object temperature. The
detector temperature,
T
a, can be assumed equal to
ambient temperature.
A more practical way to measure the temperature of a
low-emissivity object is to apply paint or tape to the
surface, creating a surface that has the same
temperature as the object but a higher emissivity.
Measurement Accuracy
The table below gives the sensor’s accuracy for a
blackbody object over a range of sensor temperature
(
T
a) and object temperature (
T
o). Under typical
conditions, the accuracy is ±0.5 °C.
Demonstrations
• Measure the temperatures of your hand, face,
clothes, and the inside of your mouth (Figure 1.3).
• Measure the temperatures of various outdoor
ground surfaces (Figure 1.4).
• Place the sensor horizontally on a table and start
recording data. Display the data on a temperature
versus time graph. Walk quickly past the sensor
(Figure 1.5).
• Take a block of ice directly from a freezer and
record the temperature as it warms and melts.
Display the data on a temperature versus time
graph (Figure 1.6).
Figure 1.3: Various body parts
±4 °C
±4 °C ±3 °C
±3 °C
±3 °C
±2 °C
±2 °C
±2 °C ±1 °C
±1 °C
±1 °C ±0.5 °C
Ta (°C)
-20 0 50
To (°C)
240
180
120
60
0
-40
-70
380

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Non-contact Temperature Sensor PS-2197
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Figure 1.4: Various ground surfaces
Figure 1.5: People walking past the sensor
Figure 1.6: Melting ice
Specifications
Technical Support
For assistance with any PASCO product, contact PASCO
at:
For more information about the Non-contact Temperature Sensor and the
latest revision of this Instruction Sheet, visit the PASCO web site at
www.pasco.com and enter “PS-2197” or the product name in the “Search”
window.
Limited Warranty
For a description of the product warranty, see the PASCO catalog.
Copyright
The PASCO scientific 012-10323C
Non-contact Temperature Sensor
Instruction Sheet
is copyrighted with all rights reserved. Permission is
granted to non-profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of
this manual, providing the reproductions are used only in their laboratories
and classrooms, and are not sold for profit. Reproduction under any other
circumstances, without the written consent of PASCO scientific, is
prohibited.
Trademarks
PASCO and PASCO scientific and are trademarks or registered
trademarks of PASCO scientific, in the United States and/or in other
countries. All other brands, products, or service names are or may be
trademarks or service marks of, and are used to identify, products or
services of, their respective owners. For more information visit
www.pasco.com/legal.
Product End of Life Disposal Instructions:
This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that
vary by country and region. It is your responsibility to recycle your
electronic equipment per your local environmental laws and regulations to
ensure that it will be recycled in a manner that protects human health and
the environment. To find out where you can drop off your waste equipment
for recycling, please contact your local waste recycle/disposal service, or
the place where you purchased the product.
The European Union WEEE (Waste Electronic and
Electrical Equipment) symbol (to the right) and on the
product or its packaging indicates that this product
must not be disposed of in a standard waste
container.
Accuracy ±0.5 °C (blackbody object under
typical conditions)
Range -70 °C to 380 °C
Response time less than 0.1 s
Field of view ±35°
Maximum Sample Rate 200 samples/s
Address: PASCO scientific
10101 Foothills Blvd.
Roseville, CA 95747-7100
Phone: [phone] (worldwide)
800-772-8700 (U.S.)
Web: www.pasco.com
Email: [e-mail]