R.V.R. Elettronica PTRL-NV/S3 User manual

Manufactured by R.V.R. Elettronica - Italy
TECHNICAL AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL
MANUALETECNICOEDIMANUTENZIONE
PTRL-NV/S3

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 2
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
PTRLNV/S3
Stereo Studio Transmitter
Link 200/1100 MHz
Technical and Maintenance Manual
Manuale Tecnico e di Manutenzione
English Pag. 3

Notification of intended purpose and limitations of product use
Thisproduct isa FMtransmitter intendedfor FMaudio broadcasting.It utilises
operatingfrequenciesnot harmonisedin the intendedcountries of use.
Theusermust obtainalicense beforeusing the productin intended countryof
use.Ensurerespective countrylicensingrequirements are compliedwith.
Limitationsofusecan applyin respectof operating freuency,transmitter power
and/orchannelspacing.
Declaration of Conformity
Hereby,R.V.R.Elettronica SpA,declaresthatthis FMtransmitter isin
compliancewiththe essentialrequirementsand other relevantprovisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.

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R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 3
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
INDEX
Preliminary Instructions and Warranty Information Pag. 5
Safety Regulations Pag. 7
SECTION 1
General Description Pag. 10
Electrical Specifications (Table A) Pag. 12
Dimensional & Environmental Specifications (Table B) Pag. 14
SECTION 2
Electrical Description Pag. 15
Front Panel View Description Pag. 18
Front Panel View (Fig. 1) Pag. 20
Rear Panel View Description Pag. 21
Rear Panel View (Fig. 2) Pag. 23
Top View Description Pag. 24
Top View (Photo 1) Pag. 25
Bottom View Description Pag. 26
Bottom View (Photo 2) Pag. 27
Block Diagram (Fig. 3) Pag. 28
SECTION 3
Installation Procedure Pag. 29
Recommend Test Equipment (Table C) Pag. 33
SECTION 4
Maintenance Pag. 34
SECTION 5
Calibration Procedure of Modules Pag. 37
SECTION 5
Aligment of the Radio Link Pag. 43

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 4
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
APPENDIX A
Circuit Diagram, Bills of Material and Layouts Pag. 51
Main Card Pag. 52
V.C.O. Card Pag. 60
C.P.U. Pag. 65
Modmeter Card Pag. 75
Anameter Card Pag. 80
Power Supply Pag. 88
2W R.F. Power Amplifier Pag. 99
5W R.F. Power Amplifier (Vers.1) Freq. Range 806MHz-870MHz Pag. 104
5W R.F. Power Amplifier (Vers.2) Freq. Range 806MHz-870MHz Pag. 108
10W R.F. Power Amplifier (Vers.1) Freq. Range 200MHz-240MHz Pag. 112
10W R.F. Power Amplifier (Vers.2) Freq. Range 310MHz-340MHz Pag. 116
Freq. Range 380MHz-400MHz
10W R.F. Power Amplifier (Vers.3) Freq. Range 470MHz-512MHz Pag. 120
Con-PA Card Pag. 124
Inverter Card Pag. 128
Audio Input Card Pag. 132
Stereo Coder Card Pag. 136

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 5
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
PRELIMINARY INSTRUCTIONS AND WARRANTY INFORMATION
Please observe safety precautions when handling this unit. This equipment
contains dangerous currents and high voltages.
This manual is written as a general guide for those having previous knowledge
and experience with this kind of equipment. It is not intended to contain
a complete statement of all safety warnings which should be observed by
personnel in using this or other elettronic equipment.
R.V.R. doesn't assume responsability for injury or damage resulting from
improper procedures or practices by untrained/unqualified personnel in the
handling of this unit.
Please observe all local codes and fire protection standards in the
operations of this unit.
CAUTION: always disconnect power before opening covers or removing any part
of this unit. Use appropriate grounding procedures to short out capacitors
and high voltage points before servicing.
Any damage to the goods must be reported to the carrier in writing on the
shipment receipt. Any discrepancy or damage discovered subsequent to
delivery, shall be reported to R.V.R. within five (5) days from its receipt.
R.V.R. extends to the original end-user purchaser all original manufacturers
warranties which are transferable and all claims are to be made directly
to R.V.R. per indicated procedures.
All manufacturers warranties will be supported by R.V.R. to ensure precise
and speedy service where possible.
R.V.R. shall not be liable for any damage of whatsoever nature, arising out
of or in connection with the product or its use thereof.
R.V.R.'s warranty shall not include:
a. Re-shipment of the unit to R.V.R. for repair purposes
b. Any unauthorized repair/modification
c. Incidental/consequential damages as a result of any defect
d. Nominal non-incidental defects
e. Re-shipment costs or insurance of the unit or replacement
units/parts
Warranty shall come into force from invoice date and for the period of
the manufactures warranty.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 6
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
To claim your rights under this warranty:
a. Contact the dealer or distributor where you prchased the unit. Describe
the problem and ask if he has an easy solution. Dealers and Distributors
are supplied with all the information about problems that may occur
and usually they can repair the unit quicker than what the manufacturer
could do. Very often installing errors are discovered by dealers.
b. If your dealer cannot help you, contact R.V.R. in Bologna and explain
the problem. If it is decided to return the unit to the factory, R.V.R.
will mail you a regular authorization with all the necessary
instructions to send back the goods.
c. When you receive the authorization, you can return the unit. Pack it
carefully for the shipment, preferably using the original packing and
seal the package perfectly. The customer always assumes the risks of
loss (i.e., R.V.R. is never responsible for damage or loss), untill
the package reaches R.V.R. premises. For this reason, we suggest you
to insure the goods for the whole value. Shipment must be effected
C.I.F. (PREPAID) to the address specified by R.V.R.'s service manager
on the authorization. DO NOT RETURN UNITS WITHOUT OUR AUTHORIZATION
AS THEY WILL BE REFUSED. Be sure to enclose a written technical report
where mention all the problems found and a copy of your original invoice
establishing the starting date of the warranty.
Replacement and warranty parts may be order from the following address. Be
sure to include the equipment model and serial number as well as part
description and part number.
R.V.R. Elettronica S.r.l. - Broadcasting Equipment -
Via del Fonditore, 2/2c
Zona Roveri
40138 Bologna - Italy
International Phone: +39 - 51 - 6010506
FAX Number: +39 - 51 - 6011104
R.V.R. reserves the right to modify the design and specifications of the
equipment in this manual without previous notice.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 7
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
WARNING!
The currents and voltages in this equipment are dangerous!
Personnel must at all times observe safety regulation!
This manual is intended as a general guide for trained and qualified
personnel who are aware of the dangers inherent in handling potentially
hazardous electrical and electronic circuits.
It is not intended to contain a complete statement of all safety
precautions which should be observed by personnel in using this or other
electronic equipment.
The installation, operation, maintenance and service of this equipment
involves risks both to personnel and equipment, and must be performed
only by qualified personnel exercising due care.
R.V.R. ELETTRONICA s.r.l. shall not be responsible for injury or damage
resulting from improper procedures or from the use of improperly trained
or inexperienced personnel performing such tasks.
During installation and operation of this equipment, local building codes
and fire protection standards must be observed.
WARNING!
Always disconnect power before opening covers,
doors, enclosures, gates, panels or shields.
Always use grounding sticks and short out high
voltage points before servicing. never make
internal adjustments, perform maintenance or
service when alone or when fatigued.
Do not remove, short-circuit or tamper with interlock switches on access
covers, doors, enclosures, gates, panels or shields.
Keep away from live circuits, know your equipment and don't take chances.
WARNING!
In case of emergency ensure that power has been disconnected

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 8
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
TreatmentofelectricalShock
1) If victim is not responsive follow the A-B-C's of basic life support.
PLACE VICTIM FLAT ON HIS BACK ON A HARD SURFACE
A AIRWAY BBREATHING
IF UNCONSCIOUS, IF NOT BREATHING,
OPEN AIRWAY BEGIN ARTIFICIAL
BREATHING
LIFT UP NECK, TILT HEAD,
PUSH FOREHEAD BACK, PINCH NOSTRILS,
CLEAR OUT MOUTH IF NECESSARY, MAKE AIRTIGHT SEAL,
OBSERVE FOR BREATHING. 4 QUICK FULL BREATHS.
REMEMBER MOUTH TO MOUTH
RESUSCITATION MUST BE
COMMENCED AS SOON AS
POSSIBLE.
C CIRCULATION
CHECK CAROTID PULSE DEPRESS STERNUM 1 1/2" TO 2"
IF PULSE ABSENT, APPROX. 80 SEC. : ONE RESCUER, 15 COMPRESSIONS,
BEGIN ARTIFICIAL 2 QUICK BREATHS.
CIRCULATION APPROX. 60 SEC. : TWO RESCUERS, 5 COMPRESSIONS,
1 BREATH
NOTE: DO NOT INTERRUPT RHYTHM OF COMPRESSIONS
WHEN SECOND PERSON IS GIVING BREATH.
Call for medical assistance as soon as possible.
2) If victim is responsive.
a. Keep them warm.
b. Keep them as quiet as possible.
c. Loosen their clothing (a reclining position is recommended).

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 9
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
FIRST-AID
Personnelengagedintheinstallation,operation,maintenanceor
servicingofthisequipmentareurgedtobecomefamiliarwithfirst-aid
theoryandpractices.Thefollowinginformationisnotintendedtobe
acompletefirst-aidprocedure,itisbriefandisonlytobeusedas
areference.Itisthedutyofallpersonnelusingtheequipmenttobe
preparedtogiveadequate EmergencyFirst Aidand therebyprevent
avoidablelossoflife.
Treatment of electrical Burns
1) Extensive burned and broken skin.
a. Cover area with clean sheet or cloth.
(Cleanest available cloth article).
b. Do not break blisters, remove tissue, remove adhered particles
of clothing, or apply any salve or ointment.
c. Treat victim for shock as required.
d. Arrange transportation to a hospital as quickly as possible
e. If arms or legs are affected keep them elevated.
NOTE
If medical help will not be available within an hour and the victim
is conscious and not vomiting, give him a weak solution of salt and
soda: 1 level teaspoonful of salt and 1/2 level teaspoonful of baking
soda to each quart of water (neither hot or cold). Allow victim to sip
slowly about 4 ounces (half a glass) over a period of 15 minutes.
Discontinue fluid if vomiting occurs (Do not give alcohol).
2) Less severe burns - (1st & 2nd degree)
a. Apply cool (not ice cold) compresses using the cleanest available
cloth article.
b. Do not break blisters, remove tissue, remove adhered
particles of clothing, or apply salve or ointment.
c. Apply clean dry dressing if necessary.
d. Treat victim for shock as required.
e. Arrange transportation to a hospital as quickly as possible.
f. If arms or legs are affected keep them elevated.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 10
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
CHAPTER1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION
The PTRL-NV/S3 is housed in a 3U, 19" rack-mounting chassis
comprising a number of interconnected modules mounted internally on the
base of the unit.
This allows easy removal and replacement of each module.
The power output control, audio output level control and meters for
various operating parameters are situated on the front panel.
Mains power and R.F. output connectors are mounted on the rear panel.
1.2 ELECTRICAL DESCRIPTION
The PTRL-NV/S3 is a hight quality, broadband, FM Stereo transmitter
with a standard output power of 2W.
The transmitter is microprocessor-controlled and synthesized with steps
of 10 KHz in the 200-1100 MHz band.
The operating frequency is governed by a thermally compensated reference
oscillator working within a phase locked loop (PLL).
The transmitter incorporates a stereo coder with an excellent stereo
separation and a low level of harmonic distorsion, and provides the input
for two SCA (RDS) signals.
A front switch allows operations in "STEREO" or "MONO/MPX"; in the latter,
the coder is excluded and the "RIGHT" input is used as a "MONO" input,
the "LEFT" input as a "WIDEBAND COMPOSITE INPUT". The low intermodulation
and distorsion values (typ. 0.03%) aand the high signal to noise ratio
(typ. 80 dB) are the main features of this coder.
The transmitter will attain frequency lock within a maximum of 30 seconds.
The operating bands is 15-25 MHz depending upon the application. The final
stage is fully protected against any level of VSWR. Furthermore, a 15
KHz low-pass filter is provided which may be inserted in the mono or MPX
input.
1.3 METERS AND INDICATORS
The transmitter's operating parameters can be measured with the
analog multimeter (17 Fig.1) and the led bar-graph display (3 Fig.1)
situated on the front panel. The measurament being made by the analog
multimeter is indicated by a led indicator (14 Fig.1) and selectable via
the corresponding control (13 Fig.1).
Peak deviation can be measured with the bar-graph display (3 Fig.1) with
a resolution of 5%. The five-figure display (12 Fig.1), mounted
centrally, indicates the operating frequency selected by the UP (11
Fig.1) and DOWN (8 Fig.1) controls and saveable with the ENTER (9 Fig.1)
control. Two alarm conditions leds provide indication of VCO unlocked
(16 Fig.1) and excess standing waves on the output (15 Fig.1).

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 11
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
1.4 REMOTE CONTROL (OPTIONAL)
In this equipment an optional serial port (9 pin D-type) is available
allowing remote control of operating frequency and output power.
1.5 SPECIFICATIONS
Please refer to Table A for the electrical specifications and Table
B for the mechanical specifications.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 12
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
TABLEA
ELECRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
A.C. Power 117 or 230V ± 10%
50-60 Hz, single phase 49 W
Cooling Forced ventilation
Operating frequency from 200 to 1100 MHz in
15-25 MHz bands (by request)
Output power from 0.2 W to 2 W
(up to 5 W or 10 W by request)
Output impedance 50 Ohm
R.F. output connector N-type
Harmonic suppression better than 55dB complying with FCC and
CCIR regs
Pre-emphasis 75 microseconds for FCC
50 microseconds for CCIR
Audio input impedance, mono 600 Ohms unbalanced
Audio input level 0 /-10 dB nominal for ± 75 KHz at 400Hz,
adjustable
Audio frequency response ± 0.5 dB from 30 Hz to 15 Khz
FM S/N ratio better than -70 dB mono, -65 dB stereo,
±75 KHz deviation at 400 Hz measured in
the 30 Hz to 20 KHz band by RMS detector
Total harmonic distortion, < 0.05% mono, 0.10% stereo
MPX input impedance 10 KOhm, 1 unbalanced BNC
Total harmonic distortion, < 0.2%
MPX

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 13
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
S/N ratio, FM stereo better than -70 dB, ± 75KHz deviation at
400 Hz, right and left channels decoded
and de-emphasized
MPX amplitude response ± 0.5 dB from 30 Hz to 100 KHz
Stereo separation greater than 45 dB
Optional inputs for 0 dBm audio level:
SCA input impedance 10 KOhm, 3 unbalanced BNCs
SCA input level 0 dBm nominal for ± 7.5 KHz

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 14
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
TABLE B
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Chassis dimensions 132.5 mm (5.2") H
345 mm (13.7") D
483 mm (19") W
Panel dimensions 483 mm (19") W
132.5 mm (5.2") H
Ambient operating temp. from -10°C to +50°C
Humidity 90% maximum, non-condensing
Weight 26.4 Lbs (12 Kg)

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 15
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
CHAPTER 2
ELECTRICAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
This section describes, in detail, the operating theory of the
PTRLNV/S3. To aid understanding, the unit has been subdivided into
blocks, each of which is fully described below. A block diagram is shown
in Fig.3.
2.2 POWER SUPPLY
This sub-assembly comprises 2 board mounted on heat-skins, in turn
mounted at right-angles to each other on the chassis base (Photo 1-2).
The power supply generates the stabilized voltages required by the
various modules comprising the PTRLNV/S3. After having undergone
filtering for mains-borne interference, the supply is transformed to
lower voltages, rectified, smoothed and stabilised for the following
outputs: +5V, +12V, +15V, -15V and 2-18 V variable. The +5V output
supplies the CPU card, the ±15V outputs supply the Main card, the CPU
card, the coder mixer, the Modmeter card and the Anameter cards 1 and
2; the +12V output supplies the final power stage of the transmitter.
The voltage aplied to the final stage is varied by the PWR ADJ control.
An automatic output power limiting system intervenes in the case of excess
S.W.R. on the R.F. output. All supply voltages and the current drawn by
the final stage may be monitored by the analog multimeter.
2.3 AUDIO INPUT CARD
This card is situated on the rear panel of the transmitter (see
Photo 1-2).
The card filters all audio signal inputs to the unit incoming from the
outside world, removing RF interference, before supplying them to the
encoder mixer.
The main operating parameters of the transmitter are available for remote
monitoring via a 9-pin D-type serial connector.
2.4 CODER MIXER
This board is placed underneath the internal chassis (see photo 2).
The card can function either as a stereo encoder or as a simple mixer
for the various audio inputs.
The function may be selected by a control situated on the front panel.
In stereo encoder mode, the 19 KHz pilot tone is derived from a quartz
crystal reference oscillator. So too is the sampling frequency which
allows the L and R signals to be separated from the multiplexed signal,
plus the suppression of the 38 KHz frequency.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 16
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
The level of the left and right signals is set by the corresponding
selector situated on the front panel. The signals are then filtered at
15 KHz and pre-emphasized (50 uS CCIR, 75 uS FCC) before being sent to
the multiplex circuit.
The audio signals from the two SCA inputs are mixed in to provide the
output.
In mixer mode (Mono MPX) the stereo encoder is bypassed, the right input
accepts a mono signal and the left input accepts a multiplex signal upto
100 KHz. The SCA inputs remain unchanged.
Three rectifiers allow the peak levels of the two inputs "LEFT/MPX" and
"RIGHT/MONO" to be displayed on the analog meter, and provide the audio
detector circuit with the deviation level.
2.5 MAIN CARD
The Main card is situated on the lower left side of the unit
(Photo 1). This card contains a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO),
housed in a metal box, which generates the operating frequency of the
transmitter which has been programmed. The audio signal, coming from the
two MONO and STEREO connectors on the front panel, is amplified and
injected into the VCO to produce a class F3E modulation. On the PLL circuit
the VCO operating frequency is divided down and compared to a reference
frequency, generated by a 4 MHz quartz crystal which is thermally-
compensated by a PTC. The error voltage is filtered and fed-back to
guarantee the stability of the VCO frequency. An indicator on the front
panel lights when the circuit is not locked.
2.4 R.F. POWER AMPLIFIER
The power stage is mounted on a heatsink to dissapate generatde heat,
and totally enclosed in a metal screening box (Photo 1-2). This sub-
assembly is mounted to the base of the chassis in a contral position.
The R.F. signal coming from the VCO, at power level of about 10mW, passes
through the driver stage (BFR96) and is amplified by the final stage
(BFQ34 and BFQ68) upto a level of 2 W (versions are available with 5 W
and 10 W power outputs). The signal then passes through a low-pass filter
to remove any harmonic components. A directional coupler allows both
direct and reflected power to be measured and fed-back to the power
supply. The direct power reading is also connected to the multimeter.
2.6 CPU
The CPU is housed in a metal box and mounted centrally on the rear
of the front panel (Photo 1-2). This circuit converts the number
corresponding to the selected operating frequency into binary code which
is written to the programmable dividers of the PLL. This allows the VCO
to lock to the desired operating frequency. Several of the transmitter's
parameters may be remotely controlled via an optional 9 pin D-type serial
port.

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 17
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
In the absence of mains power, a non-volatile memory maintains
indefinately, the last frequency that was programmed.
2.7 MODMETER
This card is mounted on the left side of the front panel (Photo 1).
This circuit allows the deviation of the VCO frequency to be displayed
by rectifying the signal supplied to the Main card. The card has two
connectors; one for the mono signal and the other for the stereo signal.
A switch allows the gain of the measuring circuit to be set to 10% or
100% for a more precise reading of low-level deviation (eg. SCA, RDS,
MPX pilot tones). Another switch sets the display mode to bar-graph or
peak mode. The display comprises 14 green leds and 6 red leds. In the
100% display mode, each led represents 5 KHz of deviation with the first
red led representing 75 KHz and FDS at 100 KHz. In the 10% mode, each
led represents 0.5 KHz of deviation.
2.8 ANAMETER
This circuit comprises two cards and a meter mounted on the right
hand side of the front panel (Photo 1-2). This sub-assembly displays the
values of various operating parameters of the transmitter: internal
voltages and currents, direct power and external 24V. The parameters are
selected by a lever switch (13 Fig.1) and the selection is indicated by
the legend of the green led (14 Fig.1).
The readings are taken using the corresponding scale:
MEASUREMENT SCALE FDS
Audio Level dB +3 dB
Internal voltages V 30 V
Internal currents A 6 A
Direct power W 10 W (5/10W version)
Reflected power W 2.5 W (2W version)
This circuit also features a red UNLOCK led (16 Fig.1) and a red SWR led
(15 Fig.1), controlled by the power supply. In addition there are: a red
power led (19 Fig.1), a power output PWR trimmer (10 Fig.1) and the mains
supply switch (18 Fig.1).

R.V.R. ELETTRONICA S.r.l. (BO) Pag. 18
PTRLNV/S3 - Technical and Maintenance Manual
FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION
(Fig. 1)
1 BAR/DOT Selector of operation mode (BAR/DOT) for
deviation meter
2 STEREO/MONO-MPX Selector for "STEREO" or "MONO-MPX"
operation
3 MODULATION Modulation meter by "Led Diode Bar"
4 10%-100% Expansion of modulation meter scale
Pos. 10% - Full scale shows 10%
Pos. 100% -Full scale shows 100%
5 MODE SELECTOR Pushed button: "STEREO MODE OPERATION"
Pushed button: "MONO MODE OPERATION"
6 L/MPX/R/MONO IN. LEVEL Continuosly adjustable input level
from -12 to +9 dBm
7 INPUT LEVEL Input attenuator in five steps
from -9 to +6 dBm
8 DOWN Control frequency display. A momentary
pushes causes the digit to go down 10KHz
a time
9 ENTER Enters the frequency on the display into
microprocessor and memory. Once entered,
the frequency is stored until a new
frequency is entered on the front panel
even if the power is turned off for
several days
10 PWR ADJ A ten turn control which controls the
power output of the exciter.
Once set the power remains at that level
due to AGC action.
11 UP Controls the display frequency in the
same way as the "DOWN" button, except
that the frequency goes up in 10 KHz
steps
12 FREQUENCY DISPLAY Frequency indicator
13 METER SWITCH Pushing the switch each time will light
on led at a time in upward direction
14 LEDS Light indicator indicated which
parameter of the exciter is being
displayed on the analog meter
15 SWR ALARM If this indicator lights, it means that
the exciter shut down to a high VSWR
condition on the output