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Radio Shack TRS-80 User manual

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s.-s
__
C_O_M_PU_"TJ_E_R~_A_C_T._s_n.
R_AM_DO_I~_;_~A_1
~_:v_~_~S_I~8_0
KEYBOARD,
CPU
BOARD
o
co
r},=
a:...J
t-
W
~>
o~
ct-
J:...J
C/)w
0°
-0
0:e
ct
a:
C")
en
o
en
oMODEL ILEVEL
1\
EXPANSION INTERFACE
See
Folder
CSCS3-A
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
See page 19
MONITOR
See
Folder
CSCS3-B
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS
ENCLOSED
INDEX
Page
Block
Diagram
29
Disassembly
Instructions
4
General
Operating
Instructions
4
GridTrace
Location
Guide
CPU Board
13
IC
Pinouts
&Terminal
Guides
6,27
Line
Definitions
19
Logic
Charts.
. .
..
..24,25,26
Miscellaneous
Adjustments
20
Parts
List
15,16,17,18
Page
Photos
Cassette
Modification
Counter
Board 20
CPU Board 10,11,12,21,22,23
Level
II
ROM Board
14
Partial Keyboard 14
Safety
Precautions
19
Schematics
CPU 2,3,30,31,32,33
Power
Supply
5,28
Schematic
Notes
9
Troubleshooting
7,8,9
IS,.
Howard
W.
Sams
&Co
..
Inc.
4300
West
62nd
Street,
P.O.
Box 7092,
Indianapolis,
Indiana
46206
U.S.A.
The llliing of ony
available
replocement
port
herein
dolu
not
constitute
In
any
co,.
a
recommendation.
warranty
or
guoranty
by
Howard
W.
Sam,
&Co. Inc
.•
as
to
'hoe
qualIty
and
SUltoblhty
of such
replacement
port. The
numbers
of
'hes.
parts
have
been compiled
from
information
fU"~lIhed
to
Howard
W
$oms
&Co.. Inc
by
the
manufacturers
of
the
particular
type
01
replacement
port
listed
Reproduction
or
use
without
expre
..
permission,
of
editorial
0(
piC1oriol
content
in
any
monner.
is
prohibited.
No
poten'
Iiobility
i,
os.Jumed
with
respect
to
the
VI.
of the
information
contained
herein.
e1985
How""
W.
sam,
&Co., Inc.
"300 West 62nd Str
..
t,
P.O.
lox
7092. Indianapolis. Indiana
<16206
U.S.A.
Pdn'ed
in U.S. of
Amefico.
85CC14942 DATE 2.85
~
.....
~
COMPUTCR'C"CTS"'
RADIO SHACK
TRS·SO
~.
'_
lC_III_/""\
__
'_
' M
....
O
..
D
..
E_L_I_L
..
EV_E_L
..
I
..
I_
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS
This data provides the user
with
atime-saving service
tool
designed for
quick
isolation
and repair of
computer
system
malfunctions.
Check all
interconnecting
cables
for
good
connections
and
correct
hookup
before making service checks.
MISCELLANEOUS ADJUSTMENTS
Disconnect all external peripherals from
the
computer
system
to
eliminate possible external
malfunctions.
Replacement
or
repair
of
Power Supplies,
CPU
(Main)
Board, Expansion Interface Board and
Monitor
Boards or
connectors
may be necessary
after
the
malfunction
has
been isolated.
RAM SELECT SHUNT
(Z71)
CPU
AND KEYBOARD
Type and run the
following
Basic program
to
produce arec-
tangle on the
Monitor
screen:
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CENTERING
CPU
AND
KEYBOARD
RAM Select Shunt
(Z71)
is set up in accordance
to
the
amount of RAM memory (4K or 16K) installed on
CPU
Board.
Use
the
following
chart
to
determine which pins are
shunted.
10
CLS: FOR X=0TO
127
20
IF X>47 THEN
40
30
SET
(O,X):
SET (127,X)
40 SET
(X,O):
SET (X,47)
50 NEXT X
60 GOTO 60
ROM
SELECT SHUNT
(Z3)
CPU
AND KEYBOARD
NOTE: Perform
12V
adjustment
before
5V
adjustment.
Z3
LEVELl
LEVEL
II
PINS BASIC BASIC
271
4K 16K
PINS RAM RAM
1-16
Open Shunted
2-15
Shunted Shunted
1-16
Open Shunted
3-14
Open Shunted 2-15 Shunted Open
4-13
Shunted Shunted 3-14 Open Shunted
5-12
Open Shunted 4-13 Shunted Open
6-11
Shunted Shunted 5-12 Open Shunted
7-10
Shunted Shunted
6-11
Shunted Open
8-9
Open Shunted 7-10 Open Open
8-9 Open Open
12V AND
5V
ADJUSTMENT
CPU
AND KEYBOARD
Connect the
input
of
a
DC
voltmeter
to
pin 3of Regulator IC
(Z2).
Adjust
the 12.0V
Adjust
Control (Rl0)
for
11.9V.
Connect the
input
of a
DC
voltmeter
to
pin 3of Regulator IC
(Z1).
Adjust
the
5V
Adjust
Control
(R5)
for
5.0V.
12V AND
5V
ADJUSTMENT EXPANSION INTERFACE
Rom Select Shunt
(Z3)
is set up in accordance
to
whether
MLevel I
or
Level
II
Basic ROMs are installed. Use the follow-
.
CJ)
ing chart
to
determine which pins are shunted.
()
CJ)
()
o
co
ch=
a:...J
....
w
::.::>
()~
«-
~...J
CJ)w
00
-0
o~
«
a:
NOTE: Perform 12V
adjustment
before
5V
adjustment.
Connect
the
input
of
a
DC
voltmeter
to
pin 3
of
Regulator IC
(Z20).
Adjust
the
12V
Adjust
Control
(R7)
for
11.9V.
Adjust
the Horizontal Center Control (R20) and Vertical
Center Control
(R21)
to
center the rectangle on the
Monitor
screen.
Connect
the
input
of
a
DC
voltmeter
to
pin 3
of
Regulator IC
(Z21).
Adjust
the
5V
Adjust
Control
(R8)
for 5.0V.
s
I~
Howard
W.
Sams &Co., Inc.
lelrTII
4300
West
62nd Street, P.O. Box 7092,
Indianapolis,
Indiana
46206 U.S.A.
DATE
2-85
85CC14942
R_oductlon
0.-
.....
without
_p'."
pennl
..
lon.
01
edltoriol
0.-
picto.-lol
conl..,t,
In
ony
manner.
i.
prohibited. No pot..... liobUlty
I.
auumed
with
r.sp«'
to
the u
..
of the Infarmotlon contolned
"-<eln.
~
11185
Howanl
W.
Sam.
&Co.,
Inc:.
4300 W
..
,62nd
St,
..
t. P.O.
lax
7092. Indianapolis. Indiana
~
U.S.A.
Printed
In
U.S.
of
"memo.
Th.
lI,ting of
any
ovailable
r.plocement
port tMreln
does
not
constitute
in
any
cos.
0rec:ommeondotion.
warranty
or
guaranty
by
Howard W.
Saml
&Co
.•
Inc
..
as
to
the
quality
and
suitability
of such
r.ploc.ment
port. The
numbers
of
the,.
pam
hove
been compiled
from information furnished to Howard
W.
$oms &Co..
Inc
.. by the
manufacturers
of
the
particular
type
of
replocement
port
listed.
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
SERVICE CHECKS
SEE INTERCONNECTING DIAGRAM AND PHOTOS
TO
MATCH THE NUMBER
IN
THE
CIRCLES WITH THOSE
IN
THE FOLLOWING DATA FOR SERVICE CHECKS TO
BE
PER-
FORMED.
CD
POWER SUPPLY
(CPU
BOARD)
(A)
Disconnect the
CPU
Power Supply Module (PT1)
from
Connector
J1A and check
for
18.5VAC be-
tween pin 1and pin 3and 23.6V between pin 2
and pin 4
of
the Power Supply Plug (P1A). If
the
voltages are missing, replace the Power Supply
Module.
(B)
Check
for
5.0V at pin 3
of
Regulator IC
(Z1).
If
the
measurement is
not
correct, check the adjust-
ment
of
the
5V
Adjust
Control
(R5).
(C) Check
for
11.9V at pin 3of Regulator IC
(Z2).
If
the
measurement is
not
correct, check the ad-
justment
of
the 12V
Adjust
Control (R10).
COMPUTER DOES NOT COME
UP
PROPERLY
(A)
See
if
the
ROM
Select
Shunts
(Z3)
and RAM
Select
Shunts
(Z71)
have been set up properly,
see "ROM Select Shunt Z3"
section
of
Miscel-
laneous Adjustments.
(B)
Check Regulator IC
(Z1)
and
Microprocessor
IC
(Z40)
by
substitution.
(C) Check RAM ICs Z13 thru Z20 by
substitution.
KEYBOARD
(A)
If only one key is
not
working properly, clean the
key
contacts
with
aspray
contact
cleaner. If the
key is
still
defective, check
for
breaks at
the
key
contacts
and solder
joints.
Check the key con-
tacts
with
an ohm meter.
(B)
If several keys are not working, check the ribbon
cable between Keyboard and
CPU
board
for
possible
open
circuits.
(C)
If
wrong character appears on the
Monitor
screen when akey is pressed. Check Character
Generator IC
(Z29)
by
substitution.
@NO VIDEO ON MONITOR
(A)
Check the video cable
for
broken wires and the
Video
Connector
(J2)
for
good
connection.
(B)
Check the
adjustment
of
the
Contrast
Control
(R102) and Brightness Control (R103) located on
the
Monitor.
VIDEO DISPLAY NOT CENTERED
ON
MONITOR
(A)
Check the
adjustment
of
the Horizontal Center
Control
(R20)
and Vertical Center Control
(R21)
on
the
CPU
Board,
see"
Horizontal and Vertical
Centering"
section
of
Miscellaneous
Ad-
justments.
II
CD
VIDEO DISPLAY UNSTABLE
(A)
Check the
adjustment
of
the Horizontal Hold
Coil (L4) and Vertical Hold Control (R13B)
located on the rear of the Monitor.
®MONITOR DEAD
(A)
Check Fuses
F101
and F103 located inside the
Monitor.
®CASSETTE PORT INOPERATIVE
(A)
Check the Cassette cables for loose
or
broken
wires and also check
Connector
J3 on
CPU
Board and
Connectors
J6, J7 and J8 on Expan-
sion Interface Board
for
good connections.
(B)
If the Cassette
motor
will not
stop
running, turn
the Computer Off. Use
an
ohm
meter
to
check
for
an open
circuit
from the center pin at one end
of
Relay
K1
to
the center pin at the
other
end
of
Relay
K1.
If the pins are shorted,
either
Relay
K1
contacts
are
sticking
or Diodes CR9 and CR10
are shorted.
POWER SUPPLY (EXPANSION INTERFACE)
(A)
Disconnect the Expansion Interface Power Sup-
Iy Module (PT1) from
Connector
J9 and check
for
19.7VAC between pin 1and pin 3and 23.6V
DC
between pin 2and pin 4
of
the Power Supply
Plug
(P9).
If the voltages are
missing,
replace the
Power Supply Module.
(B)
Check
for
11.9V at pin 3
of
Regulator IC
(Z20).
If
the measurement is incorrect, check the adjust-
ment
of
the 12V
Adjust
Control
(R7).
(C) Check
for
5.0V at pin 3
of
Regulator IC
(Z21).
If
the measurement is incorrect, check the adjust-
ment
of
the
5V
Adjust
Control
(R8).
DISK DRIVE PORT INOPERATIVE (EXPANSION
INTERFACE)
(A)
Check Disk Drive cables
for
loose or broken
wires and
Connector
J5
for
good
connections.
Clean Connector J5
contacts
with
a
contact
cleaner.
(B)
Check Disk
Controller
IC
(Z42)
by
substitution.
LINE PRINTER PORT INOPERATIVE (EXPANSION
INTERFACE)
(A)
Check the Line Printer cable for loose or broken
wires and Connector J4
for
good connections.
Clean
Connector
J4
contacts
with
a
contact
cleaner.
J3
SU'"FERED
INTERFACE
IllS
PORT
40
52
RESET
39
HI~
@)
Z40
2
40
'--------I
"Y"
®
FWl
lCa
40
CASSETTE
CASSETTE
2I
L
.J
Y
@)
J1
34
JS
2
DISK
MIVE
PORT
Q34
DISK
~
CCWTROlLER
8L
t:.:
PRINTER
PORT
Q2
142
\!.J
8RIO
@
CJ@
Rf6lLAT~
Rf6tl.AT~
5.~
m
@)
EJ
/6
11.9V
BBBBBBBB
EXPANSION
INTERFACE
BOARD
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
CPU
BOARD
19.7VAC
MON
ITOR
V
IDEO
BOARD
CASSETTE
HOOIF
lCATlOH
COUOfTER
!IOARD
{
HOR~
@
CENTER
R21
VERT
r-----~
CENTER
0-----
VERT
Q
SIZE
rnD
_
LEVEL
IT
ROM
BOARD
MONITOR
MAIN
BOARD
P I
CPU
POWER
SlI'flt
y
@
HORI1
@
VERT
I«llD
HCl.D
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
@
F103
0
]A
®
F~'
0
I20VAC
8
~-~
....
'V'----.,
MONITOR
CHASSIS
Z33
FWl
SHMTS
KEYBOARD
INTERCONNECTING DIAGRAM
X
INTERCONNECTING DIAGRAM
III
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
POWER
UP
(COMPUTER ONLY)
Turn On the Computer. The
words
nMEM SIZE?"
will
ap·
pear on the
Monitor
screen. Press the Enter key once. The
word"
READY" and a
prompt
character
will
appear on the
Monitor
screen. The
Computer
is
now
in Basic mode.
POWER
UP
SEQUENCE (WHEN USING DISK DRIVE)
1.
Turn On the Expansion·Interface.
2.
Turn
On
the Disk Drives (Terminal Drive 26·1164A, first)
and then any
other
peripherals.
3.
Put a
diskette
(containing
DOS, Disk
Operating
System)
into
Disk Drive
O.
Turn On the Computer. The
Computer
will
automatically
boot
up from Disk Drive
O.
The version
of
the
Disk
Operating System
will
appear on the
Monitor
screen along
with
the words "DOS READY" and a
prompt
character.
NOTE:
If
an Expansion
Interface
unit
is used
without
a
Disk Drive,
hold
down
Break key when
turning
On Com·
puter. A
double"
MEM SIZE?"
will
appear on
Monitor
screen. Press Enter key and the
word"
READY"
will
ap·
pear followed by a
prompt
character. The
Computer
is
now in Basic mode.
RESET
Press the Break key and the Reset
button
(on
right
rear
of
the Computer) to reset the
Computer
to
Basic mode.
If
Disk
Drives are attached,
insert
a
diskette
containing
DOS infor-
mation
into
Disk Drive 0and press
only
the Reset
button.
This
will
reboot
the
Computer
from Disk Drive
O.
DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (DOS)
Type DIR and press the Enter key
to
display
a
directory
of
programs
that
are on the
diskette
in Disk Drive
O.
Type DIR :
and the
number
of
the Disk Drive
holding
the
diskette
which
contains
the
information
desired. Example: Type DIR
:2
to
list
programs
on
diskette
in Disk Drive
2.
To load aprogram from a
diskette,
type the name of the pro-
gram and press the Enter key. Use a
colon
and the
number
of the Disk Drive
which
contains
the program
to
be loaded_
If no
number
is given, the
system
will
assume
Disk Drive
O.
NOTE:
Basic
program
will
not load from
diskette
unless
the
Computer
is
in the Disk Basic mode.
To get back to the DOS from Disk Basic mode, type
IV
CMD"S"
and press the Enter key. Any program in
memory
will
be
lost
when leaving Basic
mode
by
using
"CMD"S".
DISK BASIC
To load Disk Basic
into
the Computer,
boot
up on DOS. In-
sert a
diskette
containing
Disk Basic (usually apart
of
the
DOS
diskette)
into
Disk Drive
0,
type BASIC, press the Enter
key and
follow
prompts.
To
go
from Disk Basic
mode
to
DOS, type
CMD"S"
and press the Enter key. Any program
in memory
will
be lost.
To load aprogram from a
diskette,
type LOAD and the pro-
gram name enclosed in
quotes
and press the Enter key. To
load from aDisk Drive
other
than Drive
0,
add a
colon
and
the
Disk
Drive
number
at the end
of
the program name. Ex-
ample: LOAD
"SAMS:1"
for Disk Drive
1.
To save aprogram
onto
a
diskette
in aDisk Drive, type
SAVE and the program name in
quotes
and press the
Enter
key. To save aprogram
onto
a
diskette
in aDisk Drive
other
than Disk Drive
0,
add a
colon
and the Disk Drive
number
at
the end
of
the program name. Example: SAVE
"SAMS:1"
for
Disk Drive
1.
FORMATIING
A
DISKETIE
NOTE: This procedure
does
not
copy Disk Operating
System
sections
required for normal
disk
operations. A
diskette
thus
formatted
must
be used
only
with
systems
containing
2
or
more Disk Drives.
Use"
Back-up"
function
to
format a
diskette
containing
DOS
information.
Ablank
diskette
must
be
formatted
before it can be used
for
saving data. To
format
a
diskette,
boot
up
on DOS, insert a
diskette
with
the
format
program on it (usually part
of
the
DOS
diskette)
into
the Disk Drive, type FORMAT and press
the Enter key.
After
the program has been loaded, insert a
blank
diskette
into
the Disk Drive and
follow
the instruc-
tions
on the
Monitor
screen.
CASSETIE
OPERATION
To load aprogram from tape, type CLOAD (with
or
without
the program name enclosed in quotes),
put
the Recorder in
play
mode
and press the Enter key. Prompt
will
indicate
when program has been loaded.
To save aprogram
onto
tape, save CSAVE (with
or
without
the program name enclosed in quotes),
put
the Recorder in
record mode and press the Enter key. A
prompt
will
in-
dicate
when
writing
has been completed.
PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued) PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
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PRELIMINARY SERVICE CHECKS (Continued)
PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE
ENVIRONMENT
Computers
perform best in aclean, cool area
that
is
below
80
degrees Fahrenheit and free
of
dust
and smoke particles. Even
though
home
Computers
are not affected by
cigarette
smoke as
much
as
commercial
Computers
are affected,
it
is
belter
to
maintain
asmoke-free area around the Computer. Do
not
block
cabinet vents
of
any
of
the
Computer
system; Computer,
Monitor,
Printer,
or
other
power
devices.
ELECTRICAL POWER
Variations in the line voltage can
affect
the Computer. Try
to
avoid these
fluctuations
by
using
an
AC receptacle that is on a
power
line
not
used by appliances
or
other
heavy
current
demand devices. Apower-surge protector, power-line
conditioner,
or
non-interruptable
power
supply
may be needed
to
cure the problem. Do
not
switch
power
On
and
Off
frequently.
KEYBOARD
liquids
spilled
into
the Keyboard can ruin it.
Immediately
after
a
spill
occurs,
disconnect
the
Computer
power plug from
AC
power
outlet.
Then,
if
circuitry
or
contacts
are
contaminated,
disassemble
the Keyboard and
carefully
rinse the Keyboard
printed
circuit
board
with
distilled
water and let it dry. Use a
colton
swab
to
clean between the keys. Use anon-abrasive con-
tact
cleaner and lint-free wipers on accessible
connectors
and
contacts.
DISK DRIVES
Clean the read/write heads
of
the Disk Drives about
once
a
month
or
after
100
hours
usage. Use
only
an approved head clean-
ing kit.
Handle
carefully
to
preserve proper
disk
head alignment. Asudden bump
or
jolt
to
the
Disk
Drives can
knock
the
disk
head
out
of
alignment.
If the
disk
drive
must
be transported, place an
old
disk
in
slot
and
close
door
during
transport.
Store
disks
in
their
protective
covers and never
touch
the
disk
surface. Observe the
disk
handling precautions
usually
found
on the back of
disk
protective
covers.
PRINTERS
Carefully vacuum the Printer regUlarly. Wipe surface areas clean using a
light
all-purpose cleaner. Do
not
oil the machine.
The oil
will
collect
abrasive
grit
and
dust.
The
dust
will
act
as ablanket.
This
can cause
components
to
overheat and fail.
STATIC ELECTRICITY
Static
electricity
discharge
can
affect
the Computer. In order
to
minimize
the
possibility,
use
anti-static
mats, sprays,
tools
and materials, and maintain good
humidity
in the
Computer
environment.
MONITOR
Use an
isolation
transformer
with
any
Monitor
that
does
not
come
as part
of
the system
since
some
Monitors
use aHOT
chassis
(chassis
connected
to
one side
of
the AC line). The face
of
the
Monitor
should
never be
left
on
for
long
periods
of
time
at
high
brightness
level except when pattern is being changed periodically. Use
caution
when cleaning anti-glare screens,
to
preserve the glare-reduction feature.
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