Ricoh Robin User manual

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES
PREVENTION OF PHYSICAL INJURY
1. Before disassembling or assembling parts of the copier and peripherals,
make sure that the copier power cord is unplugged.
2. The wall outlet should be near the copier and easily accessible.
3. Note that the optional anti-condensation heaters are supplied with
electrical voltage even if the main switch is turned off.
4. If any adjustment or operation check has to be made with exterior covers
off or open while the main switch is turned on, keep hands away from
electrified or mechanically driven components.
5. The inside and the metal parts of the fusing unit become extremely hot
while the copier is operating. Be careful to avoid touching those
components with your bare hands.
6. When the development unit, cleaning unit, drum unit, or the DF is
removed from the machine, the upper unit becomes lighter. If the upper
unit is released under this condition, it tends to open very abruptly. The
service engineer might be injured if he is leaning over the machine at this
time. Also, the machine might move due to the shock of the upper unit
opening abruptly. To avoid possible injury or machine damage, hold the
upper unit firmly when opening the unloaded upper unit.
7. Due to variation in the tolerance of the torsion springs, the upper unit
cannot be held at an angle of 16 degrees by itself when the DF is
installed. To avoid possible injury, always use the upper unit stand to
keep the upper unit open.
HEALTH SAFETY CONDITIONS
1. Never operate the copier without the ozone filter installed.
2. Always replace the ozone filter at 80K copy intervals.
3. Toner and developer are non-toxic, but if you get either of them in your
eyes by accident, it may cause temporary eye discomfort. Try to remove
with eye drops or flush with water as first aid. If unsuccessful, get medical
attention.
©1994 By Ricoh Company Ltd. All rights reserved

OBSERVANCE OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY STANDARDS
1. The copier and its peripherals must be installed and maintained by a
customer service representative who has completed the training course
on those models.
– CAUTION –
2. The RAM pack has a lithium battery which can explode if handled
incorrectly. Replace only with same RAM pack. Do not recharge, or
burn this battery. Used RAM pack must be handled in accordance with
local regulations.
SAFETY AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES FOR DISPOSAL
1. Do not incinerate the toner cartridge or the used toner. Toner dust may
ignite suddenly when exposed to open flame.
2. Dispose of used toner, developer, and organic photoconductors
according to local regulations. (These are non-toxic supplies.)
3. Dispose of replaced parts in accordance with local regulations.
4. When keeping used lithium batteries (main control boards) in order to
dispose of them later, do not store more than 100 batteries (main control
boards) per sealed box. Storing larger numbers or not sealing them apart
may lead to chemical reactions and heat build-up.

SECTION 1
OVERALL MACHINE
INFORMATION

1. SPECIFICATIONS
Configuration: Desk top
Copy Process: Dry electrostatic transfer system
Original Type: Sheet/Book
Original Alignment: Left center
Original Size: Maximum: A3/11" x 17" (lengthwise) – A152
copier
B4/10" x 14" (lengthwise) – A151
copier
Copy Paper Size: Maximum: B4/10" x 14" (lengthwise)
Minimum:
Paper Tray: A5/51/2" x 81/2" (lengthwise)
Bypass Feed: A6/51/2" x 81/2" (lengthwise)
Copy Paper Weight: Paper tray feed – 64 to 90 g/m2(17 to 24 lb)
Bypass feed – 52 to 105 g/m2(14 to 28 lb)
Reproduction Ratios: 2 Enlargement and 3 Reduction (A152 copier only)
A4 Version Letter Version
Enlargement 141%
122% 129% 121%
Full size 100% 100%
Reduction 93% 82%
71%
93%
74%
65%
Zoom: From 61% to 141% in 1% steps
(A152 copier only)
Copying Speed: 13 copies/minute (A4/81/2" x 11" lengthwise)
10 copies/minute (B4/81/2" x 14")
Warm-Up Time: 30 seconds (at 20°C/68°F)
First Copy Time: 9 seconds (A4/81/2" x 11" lengthwise)
Copy Number Input: Number keys, 1 to 99
Manual Image Density
Selection: 7 steps
24 June 1994 SPECIFICATIONS
1-1

Automatic Reset: 1 minute standard setting; can also be set to 3
minutes or no automatic reset.
Energy Saver Function: Automatic
Paper Capacity: Paper tray – 250 sheets
Bypass feed table – 1 sheet
Toner Replenishment: Cartridge exchange (320 g/cartridge)
Copy Tray Capacity: 100 sheets (B4/10" x 14" or smaller)
Power Source: 110V/ 60Hz/ 15A (for Taiwan)
115V/ 60Hz/ 15A (for North America)
220V – 240V/ 50Hz/ 8A (for Europe)
220V/ 60Hz/ 8A (for Middle East)
220V/ 50Hz/ 8A (for Asia)
(Refer to the serial number plate (rating plate) to
determine the power source required by the
machine.)
Power Consumption: Copier Only With DF
Maximum 1.4 kVA 1.5 kVA
Warm-up 620 VA (average) 640 VA (average)
Copy cycle 810 VA (average) 860 VA (average)
Ready 160 VA (average) 180 VA (average)
Noise Emission: Copier Only With DF
Maximum 58 db 60 db
Copy cycle Less than 55 db Less than 55 db
Ready Less than 39 db Less than 39 db
Dimensions:
Width Depth Height
Copier with platen cover and
copy tray 713 mm (28.1") 592 mm (23.3") 400 mm (15.7")
Copier with document feeder
and copy tray 713 mm (28.1") 592 mm (23.3") 463 mm (18.2")
SPECIFICATIONS 24 June 1994
1-2

Weight: Copier only: 43 kg (94.8 lb)
With DF: 50 kg (110.2 lb)
Optional Equipment:
(Sales items) Document feeder (A152 copier only) Key counter
Optional Equipment:
(Service items) Drum anti-condensation heater Optics anti-condensation heater
Pre-transfer lamp
Optics cooling fan (for A151 copier only)
•Specifications are subject to change without notice.
24 June 1994 SPECIFICATIONS
1-3

2. COPY PROCESSES AROUND THE DRUM
4. DEVELOPMENT
5. IMAGE TRANSFER
6. PAPER
3. ERASE
2. EXPOSURE
1. DRUM CHARGE
8. QUENCHING
7. CLEANING
SEPARATION
COPY PROCESSES AROUND THE DRUM 24 June 1994
1-4

1. DRUM CHARGE
In the dark, the charge corona unit gives a uniform negative charge to the organic
photoconductive (OPC) drum. The charge remains on the surface of the drum because the
OPC drum has a high electrical resistance in the dark.
2. EXPOSURE
An image of the original is reflected to the OPC drum surface via the optics assembly. The
charge on the drum surface is dissipated in direct proportion to the intensity of the reflected
light, thus producing an electrical latent image on the drum surface.
3. ERASE
The erase lamp illuminates the areas of the charged drum surface that will not be used for
the copy image. The resistance of the drum in the illuminated areas drops and the charge on
those areas dissipates.
4. DEVELOPMENT
Positively charged toner is attracted to the negatively charged areas of the drum, thus
developing the latent image. (The positive triboelectric charge is caused by friction between
the carrier and toner particles.)
5. IMAGE TRANSFER
Paper is fed to the drum surface at the proper time so as to align the copy paper and the
developed image on the drum surface. Then, a strong negative charge is applied to the back
side of the copy paper, producing an electrical force which pulls the toner particles from the
drum surface to the copy paper. At the same time, the copy paper is electrically attracted to
the drum surface.
6. PAPER SEPARATION
A strong ac corona discharge is applied to the back side of the copy paper, reducing the
negative charge on the copy paper and breaking the electrical attraction between the paper
and the drum. Then, the stiffness of the copy paper causes it to separate from the drum
surface. The pick-off pawl help to separate the paper from the drum.
7. CLEANING
The cleaning blade removes any toner remaining on the drum.
8. QUENCHING
Light from the quenching lamp electrically neutralizes the surface of the drum.
24 June 1994 COPY PROCESSES AROUND THE DRUM
1-5

3. COPY PROCESS CONTROL
Grid Voltage Exposure Lamp
Voltage Development Bias Voltage Erase Lamp
Image
Density
Control
Standard image
density grid voltage
(–680 V)
Base exposure lamp
voltage (Manual or ADS
mode) (SP48)
Base bias voltage factor
(Manual or ADS mode
[SP34])
Depends on
paper size
and
reproduction
ratio
+ + +
Drum residual voltage
(Vr) correction factor
(SP67)
+
V
Lcorrection factor
+
Reproduction ratio
correction factor (A152
copier only)
Image bias voltage
adjustment factor
(SP37)
Auto image density
level factor (SP34) +
Drum residual voltage
(Vr) correction factor
Note:
Base bias voltage at
manual ID level 7 can be
adjusted by SP50
Toner
Density
Detection
Standard ID sensor
grid voltage
(–460 V)
+
Same as image density
control Depends on ID sensor
bias setting (SP33) ID sensor
pattern erase
(Vsg
detection:
Full erase)
Drum wear correction
factor (SP57) Note: For initial 499 copies
bias voltage is increased
by –20 volts
Residual
Voltage
(Vr)
Detection
Standard ID sensor
grid voltage
(–460 V)
+
Drum wear correction
factor (SP57)
Same as image density
control 0 Volts (Fixed) Full erase (All LEDs ON)
Between
Copies 0 Volts (Fixed) Exposure lamp turns off –160 Volts (Fixed) + Full erase (All LEDs ON)
Image bias voltage
adjustment factor
(SP37)
+
Drum residual voltage
(Vr) correction factor
NOTE: The boxed items can be adjusted by SP mode.
COPY PROCESS CONTROL 24 June 1994
1-6

4. MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28
29
30
31
32
33
1. Semicircular Feed Rollers
2. Paper Tray
3. Registration Rollers
4. Transfer and Separation
Corona Unit
5. Pick-off Pawl
6. Cleaning Unit
7. Pressure Roller
8. Fusing Unit
9. Hot Roller
10. Exit Rollers
11. Copy Tray
12. Hot Roller Strippers
13. Exhaust Blower Motor
14. 3rd Mirror
15. 2nd Mirror
16. 1st Mirror
17. Ozone Filter
18. Used Toner Tank
19. Cleaning Blade
20. Quenching Lamp
21. Charge Corona Unit
22. Lens
23. 6th Mirror
24. Erase Lamp
25. Drum
26. 4th Mirror
27. 5th Mirror
28. Optics Cooling Fan Motor
(A152 Copier only)
29. Toner Supply Unit
30. Development Unit
31. 2nd Relay Rollers
32. By-pass Feed Table
33. 1st Relay Rollers
24 June 1994 MECHANICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1-7

5. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
26
25 2728 29 30 31
32
34
35
36
38
11
37
33
1. Paper Tray Switch
2. Relay Sensor
3. Registration Clutch
4. Optics Cooling Fan Motor
(A152 only)
5. Registration Sensor
6. Image Density Sensor
7. Power Pack-TC/SC
8. Operation Panel Board
9. Erase Lamp
10. Total Counter
11. Quenching Lamp
12. Fusing Lamp
13. Front Cover Safety Switch
14. Main Switch
15. Fusing Thermoswitch
16. Exit Sensor
17. Exhaust Blower Motor
18. Optics Thermofuse
19. Auto Image Density Sensor
20. Fusing Thermistor
21. Exposure Lamp
22. Lens Motor
(A152 copier only)
23. Scanner Home Position
Sensor
24. Optics Thermistor
25. Lens Home Position
Sensor
(A152 copier only)
26. Power Pack-CC/Grid/Bias
27. AC Drive Board
28. Fusing Triac (115 V only)
29. Scanner Motor
30. 4th/5th Mirror Home
Position Sensor
(A152 copier only)
31. 4th/5th Mirror Motor
(A152 copier only)
32. Main Motor Capacitor
33. Main Board
34. Main Motor
35. Toner Supply Clutch
36. DC Power Supply Board
37. Relay Roller Clutch
38. Paper Feed Clutch
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 24 June 1994
1-8

6. ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
Motors
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
M1 Main Motor Drives all the main unit components except for the optics unit and fans. (115/220–240 Vac [ac
synchronous]) 34
M2 Scanner Motor Drives the scanners (1st and 2nd). (dc stepper) 29
M3 Lens Motor Positions the lens according to the selected
magnification. (dc stepper)
…A152 copier only 22
M4 4th/5th Mirror
Motor
Positions the 4th/5th mirrors according to the
selected magnification. (dc stepper)
…A152 copier only 31
M5 Optics Cooling
Fan Motor
Prevents built up of hot air in the optics cavity.
(24 Vdc)
…A152 copier only 4
M6 Exhaust Blower
Motor
Removes heat from around the fusing unit and
moves the ozone built up around the charge
section to the ozone filter. (24 Vdc) 17
Magnetic Clutch
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
MC1 Registration
Clutch Drives the registration rollers. 3
Magnetic Spring Clutches
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
MSC1 Toner Supply
Clutch Drives the toner supply roller. 35
MSC2 Relay Roller
Clutch Drives the 1st and 2nd relay rollers. 37
MSC3 Paper Feed
Clutch Starts paper feed. 38
24 June 1994 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
1-9

Switches
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
SW1 Main Switch Supplies power to the copier. 14
SW2 Front Cover
Safety Switch Cuts the ac power line, when the front cover is open. 13
SW3 Paper Tray
Switch Detects when the paper tray is set. 1
Sensors
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
S1 Scanner Home
Position Sensor Informs the CPU when the 1st scanner is at the home position. 23
S2 Lens Home
Position Sensor
Informs the CPU when the lens is at the home
position (full size position).
…A152 copier only 25
S3 4th/5th Mirror Home Position
Sensor
Informs the CPU when 4th/5th mirrors assembly is
at the home position (full size position).
…A152 copier only 30
S4 Registration
Sensor 1) Detects misfeeds. 2) Controls the relay roller clutch stop timing. 5
S5 Exit Sensor Detects misfeeds. 16
S6 Relay Sensor 1) Detects when copy paper is set on the by-pass feed table.
2) Detects misfeeds. 2
S7 Image Density
(ID) Sensor Detects the density of the image on the drum to control the toner density. 6
S8 Auto Image Density Sensor
(ADS) Senses the background density of the original. 19
Printed Circuit Boards
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
PCB1 Main Board Controls all copier functions both directly and
through the other PCBs. 33
PCB2 AC Drive Board Drives the main motor, exposure lamp, fusing
lamp, and quenching lamp. 27
PCB3 DC Power
Supply Board Converts the wall outlet ac power input to +5 volts, +24 volts, and a zero cross signal. 36
PCB4 Operation Panel
Board
Informs the CPU of the selected modes and
displays the copier status and condition on the
panel. 8
ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS 24 June 1994
1-10

Lamps
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
L1 Exposure Lamp Applies high intensity light to the original for
exposure. 21
L2 Fusing Lamp Provides heat to the hot roller. 12
L3 Quenching Lamp Neutralizes any charge remaining on the drum
surface after cleaning. 11
L4 Erase Lamp Discharge the drum outside of the image area. Provides leading/trailing edge erase and side
erase. 9
Power Packs
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
P1 Power Pack
–CC/Grid/Bias Provides high voltage for the charge corona, grid, and development roller. 26
P2 Power Pack
–TC/SC Provides high voltage for the transfer and separation corona. 7
Counter
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
CO1 Total Counter Keeps track of the total number of copies made. 10
Others
SYMBOL NAME FUNCTION INDEX
NO.
TH1 Fusing
Thermistor Monitors the fusing temperature. 20
TH2 Optics
Thermistor Monitors the optics temperature. 24
TS Fusing
Thermoswitch Provides back-up overheat protection in the fusing unit. 15
TF Optics
Thermofuse Provides back-up overheat protection around the exposure lamp. 18
CMain Motor
Capacitor Start capacitor. 32
TR Fusing Triac Switches the fusing lamp on and off. (115 V only) Note: In the 220V-230V/240V version, the triac
is built-in the ac drive board 28
24 June 1994 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS
1-11

7. DRIVE LAYOUT
A
G9: Relay Gear
G10 Relay gear
G1: Main Motor Gear
G23: Timing Belt Drive
Gear
BP1: Timing Belt Pulley
TB1: Timing Belt
G11: Timing Belt Drive Gear
BP5: Timing Belt Pulley
TB3: Timing Belt
Development Section
BP6: Timing Belt Pulley
G12: Development Gear
G13: Relay Gear
G14: Toner Supply CL Gear
Toner Supply CL
G2: Relay Gear
G8: Relay Gear
Cleaning Unit
G3: Fusing Drive Gear
G4: Hot Roller Gear
G7: Relay Gear
G5: Exit Roller Gear
G6: Relay Gear
Development Unit
Fusing and Exit Unit
Toner Supply Unit
B
BP6 BP5
TB1
TB3
G24
G22 BP1G21G20
G19
G18
G17
G16
G15
G14 G13 G12 G11 G10
G9
G8
G7
G6
G4
BP2
G5
G3
G2G1
G23
G26 G9
TB2
G8
G1
G2
G25
BP3
BP4
DRIVE LAYOUT 24 June 1994
1-12

G15: Registration CL
Gear
Paper Feed Section
G22: Relay Gear
BP2: Timing Belt Pulley
Paper Feed Section
G21: Paper Feed CL
Gear
Paper Feed CL
Feed Rollers
G24: Timing Belt Drive
Gear
BP3: Timing Belt Pulley
TB2: Timing Belt
BP4: Timing Belt Pulley
G25: Relay Gear
G26: Drum Drive Gear
A
Registration CL
Registration Rollers
G20: Relay Gear
G17: Relay Roller CL
Gear
Relay Roller CL
G16: 2nd Relay Roller
Gear
2nd Relay Rollers
1st Relay Rollers
G18: Relay Gear
G19: 1st Relay Roller
Gear
B
24 June 1994 DRIVE LAYOUT
1-13

8. POWER DISTRIBUTION
When this copier is plugged in and the main switch is turned off, ac power is
supplied via the ac drive board to the optional anti-condensation heaters.
When the front cover and/or the exit cover is open, the cover safety switch
completely cuts off power to all ac and dc components. The RAM pack has a
back up power supply (dc battery) for the service program mode data and
misfeed job recovery.
When the main switch is turned on, the ac power supply to the
anti-condensation heater is cut off and ac power is supplied to the ac drive
board. The dc power supply board receives wall outlet ac power through the
ac drive board.
The dc power supply board converts the wall outlet ac power input to +5
volts, +24 volts, and a zero cross signal, all of which are supplied to the main
board.
24V (VA)
AC Drive Board
Fusing Lamp
Exposure Lamp
Power Relay
(RA401)
Anti-condensation Heaters
-Drum (Option)
-Optics (Option)
24V (VA)
24V (VA)
24V (VA)
24V (VA)
24V (VA)
5V (VC)
Zero Cross
Scan
Signal
5V (VC)
24V (VA)
5V (VC)
DC Power
Main Motor
Relay (RA402) Main
RAM
Pack
AC power
DC power
Operation Panel Board
Sensors
Solenoids
Clutches
Power Packs
Lens Motor
4th/5th Mirror Motor
Optics Cooling Fan
Motor (A152 copier only)
Scanner Motor
Board
Document Feeder
(Option)
Cover Safety SW
DF Interface Board
Thermistors
Fusing Lamp
Drive Circuit
Exposure Lamp
Drive Circuit
Switches
Main SW
Supply Board
(A152 copier only)
(A152 copier only)
(A152 copier only)
5V
Exhaust Blower
Motor
Image Density Sensor
Main Motor
Quenching Lamp
AC Power (115V or 220V – 240V)
POWER DISTRIBUTION 24 June 1994
1-14

The main board supplies dc power to all copier dc components. All sensors,
switches, thermistors, and the DF interface board (option) operate on +5
volts. The operation panel operates on +5 volts supplied by the main board.
All other dc components including the power relay (RA401) and the main
motor relay (RA402) operate on +24 volts.
When the main board receives power, it activates the power relay (RA401)
which then supplies ac power to the fusing lamp drive circuit, and the
exposure lamp drive circuit on the ac drive board. The fusing lamp drive
circuit receives a trigger signal from the main board and the fusing lamp
lights. The exposure lamp does not turn on until the main board sends a
trigger pulse to the exposure lamp drive circuit.
When the Start key is pressed, the main board energizes the main motor
relay (RA402). Then, the main motor and the quenching lamp turn on.
When the main switch is turned off, power is cut off to the main board and to
RA401, and the optional drum and optics anti-condensation heaters are
turned on.
24 June 1994 POWER DISTRIBUTION
1-15

SECTION 2
DETAILED SECTION
DESCRIPTIONS

1. DRUM
1.1 DRUM CHARACTERISTICS
An organic photoconductor (OPC) drum is used in this model.
The OPC drum has the characteristics of:
1. Being able to accept a high negative electrical charge in the dark. (The
electrical resistance of a photoconductor is high in the absence of light.)
2. Dissipating the electrical charge when exposed to light. (Exposure to light
greatly increases the conductivity of a photoconductor.)
3. Dissipating an amount of charge in direct proportion to the intensity of the
light. That is, where stronger light is directed to the photoconductor
surface, a smaller voltage remains on the drum.
4. Being less sensitive to changes in temperature (when compared to
selenium F type drums).
5. During the drum’s life, drum residual voltage gradually increases and the
photoconductive surface becomes worn.
Therefore, some compensation for these characteristics is required.
24 June 1994 DRUM
2-1