Rohde & Schwarz ZNA User manual

R&S® ZNA
Vector Network Analyzers
User Manual
1178646202
Version 12
(;ÜÎÌ2)

This manual describes the following R&S® ZNA vector network analyzer models:
●R&S® ZNA26, 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz, 2 test ports, 3.5 mm (m) connectors, order no. 1332.4500.22
●R&S® ZNA26, 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz, 4 test ports, 3.5 mm (m) connectors, order no. 1332.4500.24
●R&S® ZNA43, 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz, 2 test ports 2.92 mm, order no. 1332.4500.42
●R&S® ZNA43, 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz, 4 test ports 2.92 mm, order no. 1332.4500.44
●R&S® ZNA43, 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz, 2 test ports 2.4 mm, order no. 1332.4500.43
●R&S® ZNA43, 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz, 4 test ports 2.4 mm, order no. 1332.4500.45
© 2020 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Mühldorfstr. 15, 81671 München, Germany
Phone: [phone] - 0
Email: [email protected]
Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com
Subject to change – data without tolerance limits is not binding.
R&S® is a registered trademark of Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG.
Trade names are trademarks of the owners.
1178.6462.02 | Version 12 | R&S® ZNA
Throughout this manual, products from Rohde & Schwarz are indicated without the ® symbol , i.e. R&S® is abbreviated as R&S.

Preface
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1 Preface
This chapter provides safety-related information, an overview of the user documenta-
tion and the conventions used in the documentation.
1.1 Documentation Overview
This section provides an overview of the R&S ZNA user documentation. Unless speci-
fied otherwise, you find the documents on the R&S ZNA product page at:
https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/manual/ZNA
1.1.1 Getting Started Manual
Introduces the R&S ZNA and describes how to set up and start working with the prod-
uct. Includes basic operations, typical measurement examples, and general informa-
tion, e.g. safety instructions, etc.
A printed version is delivered with the instrument. A PDF version is available for down-
load on the Internet.
1.1.2 User Manual and Help
The user manual contains the description of all instrument modes and functions. It also
provides an introduction to remote control, a complete description of the remote control
commands with programming examples, and information on maintenance, instrument
interfaces and error messages. Includes the contents of the getting started manual.
The contents of the user manual are available as help in the R&S ZNA. The help offers
quick, context-sensitive access to the complete information for the instrument and its
firmware.
The user manual is also available for download or for immediate display on the Inter-
net.
1.1.3 Service Manual
Describes the performance test for checking the rated specifications, module replace-
ment and repair, firmware update, troubleshooting and fault elimination, and contains
mechanical drawings and spare part lists.
The service manual is available for registered users on the global Rohde & Schwarz
information system (GLORIS):
https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com
Documentation Overview

Preface
R&S® ZNA
4User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 12
1.1.4 Instrument Security Procedures
Deals with security issues when working with the R&S ZNA in secure areas. It is avail-
able for download on the Internet.
1.1.5 Basic Safety Instructions
Contains safety instructions, operating conditions and further important information.
The printed document is delivered with the instrument.
1.1.6 Data Sheets and Brochures
The data sheet contains the technical specifications of the R&S ZNA. It also lists the
firmware applications and their order numbers, and optional accessories.
The brochure provides an overview of the instrument and deals with the specific char-
acteristics.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/brochure-datasheet/ZNA
1.1.7 Release Notes and Open Source Acknowledgment (OSA)
The release notes list new features, improvements and known issues of the current
firmware version, and describe the firmware installation.
The open-source acknowledgment document provides verbatim license texts of the
used open source software.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/firmware/ZNA
1.1.8 Application Notes, Application Cards, White Papers, etc.
These documents deal with special applications or background information on particu-
lar topics.
See https://www.rohde-schwarz.com/application/ZNA
1.2 Conventions Used in the Documentation
1.2.1 Typographical Conventions
The following text markers are used throughout this documentation:
Conventions Used in the Documentation

Preface
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5User Manual 1178.6462.02 ─ 12
Convention Description
[Keys] Key and knob names are enclosed by square brackets.
This also applies to the virtual keys in the control window of the
R&S ZNA.
"Graphical user interface ele-
ments"
All names of graphical user interface elements on the screen, such as
dialog boxes, menus, options, buttons, and softkeys are enclosed by
quotation marks.
File names, commands,
program code
File names, commands, coding samples and screen output are distin-
guished by their font.
Input Input to be entered by the user is displayed in italics.
Links Links that you can click are displayed in blue font.
"References" References to other parts of the documentation are enclosed by quota-
tion marks.
1.2.2 Conventions for Procedure Descriptions
When operating the instrument, several alternative methods may be available to per-
form the same task. In this case, the procedure using the touchscreen is described.
Any elements that can be activated by touching can also be clicked using an addition-
ally connected mouse. The alternative procedure using the keys on the instrument or
the on-screen keyboard is only described if it deviates from the standard operating pro-
cedures.
The term "select" may refer to any of the described methods, i.e. using a finger on the
touchscreen, a mouse pointer in the display, or a key on the instrument or on a key-
board.
1.2.3 Notes on Screenshots
When describing the functions of the product, we use sample screenshots. These
screenshots are meant to illustrate as many as possible of the provided functions and
possible interdependencies between parameters. The shown values may not represent
realistic usage scenarios.
The screenshots usually show a fully equipped product, that is: with all options instal-
led. Thus, some functions shown in the screenshots may not be available in your par-
ticular product configuration.
Conventions Used in the Documentation

Safety Information
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2 Safety Information
The product documentation helps you use the R&S ZNA safely and efficiently. Follow
the instructions provided here and in the printed "Basic Safety Instructions". Keep the
product documentation nearby and offer it to other users.
Intended use
The R&S ZNA is intended for the development, production and verification of electronic
components and devices in industrial, administrative, and laboratory environments.
Use the R&S ZNA only for its designated purpose. Observe the operating conditions
and performance limits stated in the data sheet.
Where do I find safety information?
Safety information is part of the product documentation. It warns you about the poten-
tial dangers and gives instructions how to prevent personal injuries or damage caused
by dangerous situations. Safety information is provided as follows:
●The printed "Basic Safety Instructions" provide safety information in many lan-
guages and are delivered with the R&S ZNA.
●Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to
take care during setup or operation.

Firmware Version 2.10
R&S® ZNA
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3 Firmware Version 2.10
This document describes version 2.10 of the R&S ZNA firmware. Compared to the pre-
vious version 2.01, firmware version 2.10 provides the following changes:
New functionality
●New software option R&S ZNA-K61 "True differential measurements" for 4-port
instruments:
– True differential operation mode (stimulation and measurement)
– Phase imbalance and amplitude imbalance sweep types
(Requires R&S ZNA-K6 "Phase-coherent source control")
See Chapter 5.7.5, "True Differential Mode", on page 212
●ALC for frequency converter ports
●Harmonics measurements (with option R&S ZNA-K4)
See Chapter 5.7.3.3, "Harmonics Measurements", on page 206
●Plugin interface and SDK for custom DLLs: extend the VNA firmware by custom
SW components
See Chapter 5.7.30, "External DLLs", on page 236
●Frequency converter power control (R&S ZNA-K8): new "Generic" power control
type allows you to reuse leveling data from other converter ports and configura-
tions
See "Power Control" on page 704
●New software option R&S ZNA-K50P: same functionality as R&S ZNA-K50 Mea-
surement Uncertainty Analysis, but with preinstalled METAS VNA Tools
New remote control features
●Commands for advanced calibration settings
See Chapter 8.3.14.5, "SENSe<Ch>:CORRection:ADVanced", on page 1061
Improvements
●Consistent default settings in "Pulse Modulation" dialog
●Mixer setup dialog leaves frequency settings of unaffected ports unchanged
●Support of calibration setups with manual and automatic calibration
●IMD measurements
– Simplified default calibration
– Aligned behavior of "CW Mode" and "Spectrum = Marker" functions
●Vector mixer measurements: more measured quantities directly accessible via
"Vector Mixer Meas" softtool tab (appearance aligned to "Vector Mixer Meas" tab)
See Chapter 6.2.14, "Vector Mixer Meas Tab", on page 297
●Enhanced selftest functionality:
– Detailed self test report now also available at service level 0
– Selftest execution can be triggered directly from System – [Setup] > "Setup"
softtool tab
– Test report comprises serial number and firmware version

Firmware Version 2.10
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– Overall and individual test results clearly highlighted ("PASS": green, "FAIL":
red)
See "Selftest Tab" on page 680
●Measurement uncertainty analysis (R&S ZNA-K50): zip archives created using
Export Data to METAS VNA Tools can now be directly unpacked to the user data
folder of a METAS VNA Tools installation for further offline analysis
●Source coherence mode (R&S ZNA-K6): direct phase control, without applying port
match and calibration
See "Use Port Match and Calibration" on page 549
●If compatible with the overall converter setup, the source providing the LO IN signal
to a frequency converter is automatically configured as permanent ("Source Gen")
●Segmented sweeps: changes take effect faster (less "prepare sweep" phases)
●Improved access to extended [Preset] functionality via menu bar
●Manual ALC control loop configuration: new parameters "Control Time" and "Auto
Settling"
See "Control Loop Parameters" on page 408
Solved issues
●Factory correction for Direct Access (B16) inputs was not applied in SA mode
●Frequency-converting measurements with Converter LO used as LO provider: the
"Power Result" displayed in the "Port Settings" dialog was not correct
●Frequency-converting measurements with external generator used as LO provider:
excessive retrace time
●Some timing/synchronization problems with external generator R&S SGS100A
●Misleading calibration instructions on "DUT Centric Wizard" start page
●Calibration setup dialog:
– redundant warning messages
– sometimes a warning message did not disappear after the underlying reason
has been eliminated
●IMD measurements:
– Inconsistent warning messages during default calibration
– Misspelled measured quantity for Through measurement during calibration
(now labeled LTO for "Lower Tone at DUT Out")
●Deleting a trace by dragging it to the recycle bin sometimes did not work
●Configured "Reference Receiver Cal Power" value not used for SMARTerCal
●Formula-defined limit lines: formula was not applied if entered directly in
"Response" dialog
●Impedance normalization failed for some special balanced port configurations
●*.calkit files created with R&S ZNA and containing snp data were not compati-
ble with R&S ZNB/BT/C/D firmware versions < 3.0 and R&S ZNL/LE firmware ver-
sions < 1.30

Firmware Version 2.10
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Firmware version
► To check your R&S ZNA firmware version, select "Help" > "About..." from the main
menu.

Getting Started
R&S® ZNA
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4 Getting Started
4.1 Putting the Analyzer into Operation
This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the analyzer for the
first time.
Simple measurement examples are provided in Chapter 4.4, "Performing Measure-
ments", on page 55; for a description of the operating concept refer to Chapter 4.3,
"Operating the Instrument", on page 28. For all background and reference informa-
tion concerning manual and remote control of the instrument, refer to your analyzer's
help system or user manual. A more detailed description of the hardware connectors
and interfaces is also part of the help system or user manual.
Risk of injury due to disregarding safety information
Observe the information on appropriate operating conditions provided in the data sheet
to prevent personal injury or damage to the instrument. Read and observe the basic
safety instructions provided with the instrument, in addition to the safety instructions in
the following sections. In particular:
●Do not open the instrument casing.
4.1.1 Unpacking and Checking the Instrument
Check the equipment for completeness using the delivery note and the accessory lists
for the various items. If you notice any damage, immediately contact the carrier who
delivered the instrument.
Packing material
Retain the original packing material. If the instrument needs to be transported or ship-
ped later, you can use the material to protect the control elements and connectors.
Risk of injury during transportation
The carrying handles at the front and side of the casing are designed to lift or carry the
instrument. Do not apply excessive force to the handles. If a handle is ripped off, the
falling instrument can cause injury.
As the R&S ZNA is very heavy (over 30 kg fully equipped), it must always be carried
by two people using both carrying handles to avoid personal injury or damage to the
instrument.
Putting the Analyzer into Operation