Studio Technologies Dante 5422A User manual

50707-0921, Issue 1
Copyright © 2021 by Studio Technologies, Inc., all rights reserved
studio-tech.com
User Guide
Issue 1, September 2021
This User Guide is applicable for serial numbers
M5422A-01001 and later with Main Firmware 1.00 and later
Model 5422A
Dante® Intercom Audio Engine

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Model 5422A User Guide Issue 1, September 2021
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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Table of Contents
Revision History ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Installation .............................................................................................................................................. 8
Dante Configuration ...............................................................................................................................10
Model 5422A Configuration ...................................................................................................................12
Operation ...............................................................................................................................................36
Technical Notes .....................................................................................................................................41
Specifications .........................................................................................................................................44
Appendix A–Network Configuration Examples ......................................................................................46
Appendix B–Dante Controller Network Default Configuration Values ...................................................49
Appendix C–Front-Panel Menu Structure ..............................................................................................50
Appendix D–Model 5422A Default Configuration Values .......................................................................51
Appendix E–Accessing the Unit when User Name and/or Password Not Known .................................52

Issue 1, September 2021 Model 5422A User Guide
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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Revision History
Issue 1, September 2021:
• Initial release.

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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Introduction
The Model 5422A Dante Intercom Audio Engine is a
high-performance, cost-effective, and flexible solution for
creating party-line (PL) intercom circuits when used with
Dante-compatible products. These include the Studio Tech-
nologies’ range of 1-, 2-, and 4-channel intercom beltpacks.
The Model 5422A will also prove value in a variety of other
general audio and broadcast-related mixing, IFB (talent
cuing), and interfacing applications. The unit is suitable for
use in fixed and mobile broadcast facilities, post-production
studios, commercial and educational theater environments,
and entertainment applications. Only power and Ethernet
network connections are required for the Model 5422A to
provide a powerful resource in a variety of Dante applica-
tions. The Model 5422A is available in two versions — one
with 32 input and output channels and the other with 64
input and output channels.
The Model 5422A provides three Gigabit Ethernet (GigE)
network interfaces, two which can support redundant Dante
operation and a third for accessing the management menu
system. To meet the latest interoperability standard the
unit’s Dante implementation meets the requirements of
AES67. Support for the Dante Domain Manager™ (DDM)
software application is also provided. An integral web server
allows fast and flexible configuration of the unit’s audio,
networking, and Dante performance. Front-panel indica-
tors, a graphics display, and pushbutton switches provide
personnel with direct access to key operating parameters.
The Model 5422A can be powered by 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz
mains or a source of 12 volts DC. The lightweight enclosure
mounts in one space (1U) of a standard 19-inch rack.
Applications
The Model 5422A is compatible with many Dante-compliant
devices including the extensive range of intercom beltpacks
from Studio Technologies. These include the single-chan-
nel/dual-listen Model 372A and Model 373A, the 2-channel
Model 370A and Model 371A, and the 4-channel Model
374A. The Model 5422A will also function directly with
other Dante-supporting devices such as the Model 348
Intercom Station, Model 5304 Intercom Station, and Model
391 Dante Alerting Unit. In addition, the Model 5422A can
function with matrix intercom systems, audio consoles, and
wireless intercom base stations.
Pro Audio Quality and Auto Mix
The Model 5422A supports 48 kHz sampling rate digital
audio signals that interface using Dante. The unit’s audio
circuitry was designed to meet the demands of professional
audio applications, far exceeding the sonic quality of “typi-
cal” intercom products. A bit depth of up to 32 is supported
and all audio processing is performed using high-speed
32-bit programmable logic. This ensures that the audio
performance is excellent, providing the expected benefits of
minimal distortion, low noise, high headroom, flat frequency
response, and extremely low latency.
The Model 5422A’s Auto Mix function utilizes a sophisti-
cated FPGA-based algorithm to provide enhanced audio in-
telligibility. This feature is unique to party-line (PL) intercom
applications and offers users the opportunity to obtain the
absolutely finest audio performance. Studio Technologies
is confident that the Model 5422A’s Auto Mix capability will
meet or exceed the automatic mixer performance of virtually
all other hardware- or software-based devices.
Two Versions
Two versions of the Model 5422A are available. The Model
5422A-01 provides one 32-channel audio engine. The
Model 5422A-02 provides two 32-channel audio engines for
a total of 64 input and output channels. The size and scope
of a specific application will dictate which Model 5422A ver-
sion is applicable. The term “audio engine” was selected
to describe a set of audio input, processing, routing, and
output resources that can be configured to support specific
intercom, talent-cueing, and audio routing and control func-
tions. Unlike general-purpose digital matrix devices, the
Model 5422A is optimized to allow direct support for these
special broadcast and general-intercom applications.
Figure 1. Model 5422A Dante Intercom Audio Engine front and back views (back panel typical for
Model 5422A-02)

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DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Group Configuration
Configuration choices select how each 32-channel audio
engine is segmented, labeled (named), and optimized for
how the associated audio signals are processed.
Group Size
The ability to segment a 32-channel audio engine into mul-
tiple groups allows efficient use of the Model 5422A’s Dante
channels. As all Dante intercom beltpacks are essentially
4-wire devices (having independent receiver (input) and
transmitter (output) channels) “virtual” (simulated) party-
line functionality must be created within the Model 5422A’s
audio engine(s). This requires that the maximum number of
participants (users) on any one “party-line” be defined.
The 32 channels offered by an audio engine can be con-
figured into what are called groups. Simple configuration
choices in the Model 5422A’s menu pages allow the number
of groups and their sizes to be selected. Groups can range
in size from 32 channels (a complete audio engine being
used for a single group) to having just four channels. The
size of a group will dictate how many devices and associ-
ated users can be part of any one party-line or how many
channels will be impacted by a processing setting for a
specific group. Ten choices allow a wide range of group
configurations to be selected. The default setting for each
audio engine is to have four 8-channel groups. This leads
to the Model 5422A-01 having four 8-channel groups and
the Model 5422A-02 having eight 8-channel groups. Refer
to the Specifications section for a detailed list of the group
sizes that are available.
Group Labels
Each group can be assigned a unique label. These labels
would typically reflect how the specific groups are going
to be utilized. Labels such as Camera PL, Lighting, Pyro,
or Engineering would be typically used in broadcast- or
live-event-oriented intercom applications. The configured
labels are automatically used by the Model 5422A’s Dante
Interface, providing clarity when routing Dante channels
using applications such as Dante Controller. Each group
label can be a combination of up to 14 alpha or numeric
characters. Channel numbers are automatically appended
to the entered labels to provide identification of the specific
channels within the Dante environment. A label of up to 12
additional characters can also be added to each specific
channel, providing further details about an application.
Group Operating Modes
While the primary application for the Model 5422A is to
create party-line (PL) intercom circuits, each group can
be independently configured from among seven operating
modes: Party-Line w/Auto Mix, Party-Line, Summing Bus
w/Auto Mix, Summing Bus, Pass-Thru, IFB, and Audio
Switching.
Party-Line
When a group is configured for Party-Line w/Auto Mix
or Party-Line operating mode the Model 5422A’s audio
processing circuitry creates a series of independent “mix-
minus” outputs, one for each channel in the group. These
specialized outputs allow each intercom user assigned
to that specific group (a “party-line”) to hear all members
of that group except for themselves. (This is the origin of
the term mix-minus and indicates a mix of all sources but
themselves.) By each user receiving a mix-minus signal
precise control of each user’s sidetone audio level and
overall audio quality can be maintained. The Party-Line
w/Auto Mix operating mode offers Model 5422A users a
level of audio performance that is unique among intercom
applications.
Summing Bus
When a group is configured for Summing Bus w/Auto Mix
or Summing Bus operating mode audio sources assigned
to the group’s input channels are mixed (summed or com-
bined). The resulting mix is routed to all the output channels
associated with that group. While essentially providing a
“unity gain” mixer function, using the Model 5422A’s web
menu pages allows the level of each input and output chan-
nel can be adjusted over a ±20 dB range. The summing
bus operating mode can be useful for general-purpose
audio mixing applications where multiple Dante channels
need to be combined. When the Summing Bus w/Auto Mix
operating mode is selected it may allow a Model 5422A to
be useful in applications well beyond broadcast intercom.
This will allow a Model 5422A to be useful in applications
well beyond broadcast intercom. This may prove espe-
cially useful in audio applications that require combining
many voice sources. Press conferences, sports interview
configurations, and government meeting situations may all
benefit from this capability.
Pass-Thru
Each group can be independently configured for a unique
operating mode called Pass-Thru. This implements an au-
dio function that routes each Dante receiver (input) channel
directly to an associated Dante transmitter (output) channel.
This simple but sophisticated function will allow any Dante
signal to utilize the Model 5422A’s capability to support up
to 32 Dante flows. This can be useful as a “flow expander”
when used in an application that includes Dante-compatible
products that utilize Audinate’s Ultimo™ integrated circuit.
(Many products from Studio Technologies use Ultimo.)
While an excellent cost-effective means of implementing
Dante, using Ultimo has several limitations. The first is its
ability to support only two Dante transmitter (output) and
two Dante receiver (input) flows. Routing Dante signals
through Model 5422A pass-thru channels can facilitate
integration with applications that require additional flows.

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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Pass-thru can also be used as a simple means of adjusting
the level of one or more Dante signals. Using the Model
5422A’s web menu pages, the level of each input and
output channel can be independently adjusted over a ±20
dB range. With the unit’s ability to support AES67 and the
Dante Domain Manager (DDM) application, many special-
ized interfacing tasks can be accomplished.
IFB
The IFB operating mode is specifically included for produc-
tions that utilize the Remote Integration (REMI) or At-Home
model where production personnel are located physically
apart from on-air talent. “Interruptible foldback” (IFB) talent
cue signals, each typically created from a program audio
source and a voice-only interrupt source, are critical for
supporting the needs of on-air personnel. Creating these
in a REMI environment can be challenging. However, by
utilizing the Model 5422A’s IFB capability this can become
a simple matter. Each IFB function uses two Dante input
channels (program audio and interrupt audio) and provides
two Dante output channels (program with interrupt and
program-only). Configuration choices allow the presence
of interrupt audio to be recognized by voice-detect (VOX)
or tone-detect (TOX) algorithms. Each will allow creation
of excellent talent cueing “feeds.” However, TOX provides
a unique operating scenario where an 18 kHz (nominal)
tone, combined with interrupt audio, can reliably activate
and deactivate an IFB function. In this way, an IFB-ac-
tive signal provided by way of a proprietary data link isn’t
required for fully “pro” IFB signals to be created. During
interrupt activity the program audio can be attenuated (or
fully muted) following a configurable parameter. A Model
5422A can have as few as two independent IFB functions
by selecting a 4-channel group. Selecting a 32-channel
group can provide 16 independent IFB functions. As such,
using a Model 5422A-02 allows the creation of up to 32
independent IFB functions.
Audio Switching
When a group is configured for Audio Switching operation
a high-frequency tone controls the routing of an audio
input source to one of two outputs. The control tone is
connected to a separate Dante input, allowing full isolation
between the input audio source and the control tone signal.
An audio source is connected to a Dante receiver (input)
channel and then routed to a designated Dante transmit-
ter (output) channel when a control signal is not present.
This is the “normally active” input-to-output path. When
the Audio Switching function’s tone-detect (TOX) resource
recognizes the presence of a high-frequency control tone
the audio input source is muted on the normally active
output and routed to the normally inactive output. When
the high-frequency control tone is no longer present the
switching action is reversed.
The Audio Switching function could be described as logi-
cally implementing a “form-C” relay or SPDT switch contact
action. (Although the audio signal will only flow from the one
input to the two outputs.) The switching action is always
performed with no clicks, “pops,” or other audio artifacts
added; full audio fidelity is preserved. The Audio Switching
function can be useful for a wide range of applications. A
single channel of audio can be controlled for broadcast ap-
plications with the audio source and control tone originating
at separate locations. Devices such as the Studio Technolo-
gies’ Model 348 Intercom Station can generate compatible
audio control tones. Multiple Audio Switching functions can
be easily configured to allow support for multi-channel ap-
plications. For example, a single control tone could be used
to control audio signals passing through to a 16-, 24-, or
32-channel loudspeaker playback system.
Channel Level Adjustment and Labeling
The nominal level of each Dante receiver (input) channel
and Dante transmitter (output) channel can be individually
adjusted. This would apply to the 32 channels associated
with the Model 5422A-01 and the 64 channels with the
Model 5422A-02. The adjustment range is ±20 dB in 1-dB
steps. This capability can be useful when using a Model
5422A to interface various pieces of equipment that may
have different internal operating levels.
The Model 5422A includes extensive capabilities to allow
the labeling (naming) of Dante audio channels. This can
help ensure that the specific configuration selected for a
Model 5422A can be understood by other technical person-
nel. In this way, changes to channel labels won’t require the
use of the Dante Controller application although the labeling
conventions are, of course, fully compatible.
Flexible Networking Capability
Using the Dante Controller application program, the Model
5422A’s three Gigabit Ethernet ports can be selected
to operate in one of four modes: Switched, Redundant,
Switched+Mgmt, and Redundant+Mgmt. This should
allow virtually any desired networking implementation to
be easily achieved.
In the Switched mode a single Ethernet connection to
either of the Model 5422A’s two Dante Ethernet ports will
provide connectivity to the associated Dante network. The
remaining Dante Ethernet port will provide Dante network
“loop-through” capability and can be used to interface with
another piece of Ethernet-connected equipment. The man-
agement Ethernet port will be used to access the Model
5422A’s monitoring and configuration webpages.
In the Redundant mode two independent Ethernet connec-
tions are made to the Model 5422A’s two Dante Ethernet
ports, enabling Dante’s redundant networking capabil-

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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
ity. Again, the management Ethernet port will be used to
access the Model 5422A’s monitoring and configuration
webpages. Using either of these network modes allows
separate network connections to be maintained for Dante
audio and management purposes.
In the Switched+Mgmt mode a single Ethernet connection
is used for both Dante audio functionality as well as provid-
ing access to the Model 5422A’s management webpages.
The remaining Dante Ethernet port will provide network
“loop-through” capability and can be used to interface with
another piece of Ethernet-connected equipment.
In the Redundant+Mgmt mode two Ethernet connections
can be made to the Model 5422A’s two Dante Ethernet
ports. This will allow independent audio networking ca-
pability for redundant Dante applications. Access to the
Model 5422A’s management webpages will be made by
way of the Ethernet connection made to the primary Dante
Ethernet port.
Operating Power
The Model 5422A allows an AC mains source of 100-240
V, 50/60 Hz to be directly connected. It can also be pow-
ered using a 10-18 volts DC source that is connected via
a broadcast-standard 4-pin XLR connector. If both AC and
DC power sources are connected to a Model 5422A, the
unit will be powered by the AC mains supply. Only if the AC
mains source fails will a load be placed on the DC source.
This allows a source of DC, typically a battery pack, to
serve in a backup capacity. With this arrangement normal
operation can continue even if AC mains power is lost.
Updating & Future Capabilities
The Model 5422A was designed so that its capabilities can
be enhanced in the future. A USB connector, located on the
unit’s back panel, allows the Main and FPGA firmware (em-
bedded software) to be updated using a USB flash drive.
The Model 5422A uses Audinate’s Brooklyn II interface
module to implement Dante. The firmware in this module
can easily be updated using the Dante Updater application
that is included with the Dante Controller application. All
software files and configuration parameters are stored in
non-volatile memory.
Installation
In this section the Model 5422A will be mounted in one
space (1U) of an equipment rack. Up to three Ethernet
data connections will be made using standard RJ45 patch
cables. AC mains and/or DC power will be connected to
the Model 5422A. AC mains power can be connected by
means of a detachable cord that is compatible with the
unit’s 3-pin IEC 320 C14 inlet connector. Some applications
may warrant connection to a source of nominal 12 volts DC
which can be made by way of a 4-pin XLR connector. A
DC source can be used to power the Model 5422A as well
as serving as a backup power source should AC mains
not be present.
What’s Included
The shipping carton contains a Model 5422A Dante Leader
Clock and instructions on how to obtain an electronic copy
of this guide. Also included in the shipping carton is a North-
American-standard AC mains cord. For destinations outside
of North America the local reseller or distributor should
provide an appropriate AC mains cord.
Mounting the Model 5422A
The Model 5422A Dante Leader Clock requires one space
(1U) in a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment rack.
Secure the unit into the designated equipment rack using
two mounting screws per side. As the Model 5422A does
not contain a fan or other noise-producing source it can
be located within a room or other structure where audio
monitoring is going to take place.
Twisted-pair (UTC) Ethernet has a 100-meter (325-foot)
interconnection cable limitation. But that can be overcome
by using fiber-optic interconnections between the Model
5422A and the Ethernet switch or switches in the one or
more associated local-area-networks (LANs).
Ethernet Connections
The Model 5422A provides three Gigabit Ethernet (GigE)
ports for flexibility and compatibility with many networking
implementations. Two ports are provided for interconnec-
tions with one or two local area networks (LANs) associated
with Dante audio-over-IP networking schemes. They are
labeled as PRI (primary) and SEC (secondary). The third
Ethernet port, labeled MGMT, can be used to access the
Model 5422A management resources. An internal web
server function supports the Model 5422A’s management
port’s webpages. These webpages are used for configura-
tion, monitoring, and maintenance of Model 5422A opera-
tion. Refer to Figure 2 for an overview of the Model 5422A’s
three Ethernet ports and how they can operate.
Using the Dante Controller application, the three Eth-
ernet ports can be configured to operate in one of four
modes: Switched, Redundant, Switched+Mgmt, or
Redundant+Mgmt. If configured for either the Switched
or Redundant modes the management webpages are
accessed by way of the management Ethernet port.
When configured for the Switched+Mgmt mode the man-
agement webpages are accessed by way of either the
primary or secondary Ethernet port. When configured for
the Redundant+Mgmt mode the management webpages
are accessed using an Ethernet connection made to the
primary Ethernet port.

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Model 5422A
DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
By providing three Ethernet ports and four configuration
modes, the Model 5422A allows support for virtually all
facilities, including those that utilize separate networks
for Dante audio transport and equipment management.
In this way, “production” networks that support transport
of audio signals by way of a single LAN (Switched mode)
or two LANs (Redundant mode) can be separate from an
engineering network that is used by technical personnel for
configuring and maintaining a facility or “plant.”
Connections to the three Ethernet interfaces are made by
way of standard RJ45 jacks that are located on the back
of the Model 5422A’s enclosure. The Ethernet interfaces
support auto MDI/MDI-X so that crossover cables are not
required. Refer to Appendix A, located at the end of this
guide, for examples of how the Model 5422A’s three Ether-
net interfaces might be utilized. This topic is also covered
in detail in the Dante Configuration section of this guide.
It’s difficult to conceive of a network environment that the
unit wouldn’t be able to effectively support.
Dante Port Connections
At least one 1000BASE-T (GigE) Ethernet connection is
required for Model 5422A Dante operation. It should be
connected to the primary RJ45 jack. A second 1000BASE-
T (GigE) connection can be made to the secondary RJ45
jack if Redundant Dante is desired. For this functionality
to be active the Model 5422A’s network configuration must
be set for the Redundant or Redundant+Mgmt mode within
the Dante Controller software application. While technically
100BASE-TX (100 Mb/s) Ethernet can also be used for
these Dante connections, it is not optimal. Additionally, it’s
important to note that 10BASE-T (10 Mb/s) Ethernet con-
nections are not sufficient.
When configured in Dante Controller for the Switched or
Switched+Mgmt modes the Model 5422A’s Dante sec-
ondary Ethernet connection can also be used as a “loop
through” port such as would be provided by an Ethernet
switch. Using the Dante secondary port in this manner
for applications other than troubleshooting or “looping”
to access the Model 5422A’s management port is not
recommended. It will function reliably but “daisy chaining”
Ethernet signals can limit flexibility and present a failure
point; it’s optimal if each Dante Ethernet interface connects
directly to a separate port on an Ethernet switch.
Management Port Connection
If required by the needs of an application, the management
webpages can be accessed using an Ethernet signal con-
nected to the Model 5422A’s management Ethernet port.
This requires that the network mode in Dante Controller be
configured for Switched or Redundant. It’s recommended
that a 1000BASE-T (GigE) connection be made but a
100BASE-TX (100 Mb/s) connection is sufficient. (GigE
will provide the best performance and it’s assumed that all
contemporary applications will support it.)
Access to the Model 5422A’s management webpages
can also be obtained using the same network connection
or connections that are being used for Dante audio. This
requires that the network mode in Dante Controller be con-
figured for Switched+Mgmt or Redundant+Mgmt. Appendix
A provides example of how these network scenarios can
easily be implemented.
Connecting Power
The Model 5422A requires a source of AC mains or nominal
12 volts DC for operation. Either source can be connected
with the same result. Both can also be simultaneously con-
nected if a redundant (backup) power scheme is desired.
Connecting AC Mains Power
The Model 5422A can operate directly from AC mains
power of 100 to 240 volts, 50/60 Hz, 5 watts maximum. As
a “universal mains input” device there are no switches to set
or jumpers to install. A 3-pin IEC 320 C14 inlet connector on
the back panel mates with a detachable mains cord set.
All units are supplied from the factory with an AC mains cord
that has a North-American (NEMA 5-15L) standard plug on
one end and an IEC 320 C13 connector on the other end.
Units intended for use in other destinations require that an
appropriate mains cord be obtained. The wire colors in the
mains cord should conform to the internationally recognized
color code and be terminated accordingly:
Dante Controller Network Model 5422A Ethernet Port
Switch Configuration Pri Sec Mgmt
Switched Dante Management
Redundant Dante Primary Dante Secondary Management
Switched+Mgmt Dante and Management Disabled
Redundant+Mgmt Dante Primary and Management Dante Secondary Disabled
Figure 2. Model 5422A Ethernet Port Configuration and Operation

Issue 1, September 2021 Model 5422A User Guide
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DANTE INTERCOM AUDIO ENGINE
Connection Wire Color
Neutral (N) Light Blue
Line (L) Brown
Earth/Ground (E) Green/Yellow
Because the Model 5422A does not contain a power on/off
switch it will begin operation as soon as AC mains power
is connected.
Safety Warning: The Model 5422A does not contain an
AC mains disconnect switch. As such, the AC mains
cord plug serves as the disconnection device. Safety
considerations require that the plug and associated
inlet be easily accessible to allow rapid disconnection
of AC mains power should it prove necessary.
Connecting DC Power
The Model 5422A can also operate from a source of 10 to
18 volts DC. The current required from a 12 volts DC source
is 0.5 ampere (500 milliamperes) maximum. A 4-pin male
XLR connector, located on the unit’s back panel, is used
to connect the source of DC. Prepare a mating connector
(female) so that pin 1 is DC– and pin 4 is DC+. Pins 2
and 3 are not used and should remain unconnected. This
connector type and pinout have become a broadcast DC
power standard and should be familiar to many technical
personnel. Because the Model 5422A contains no power
on/off switch it will begin operation as soon as a DC power
source is connected.
As previously mentioned, both an AC mains source and a
DC source can be connected at the same time. If this is
the implementation then the AC mains source will always
power the Model 5422A with the DC source serving as
a “hot standby.” Only if the AC source fails will the unit
draw power from the DC source. This will occur automati-
cally with no interruption of Model 5422A operation. In this
“standby” mode (when an AC mains source is connected)
the Model 5422A draws less than 110 microamperes (uA)
from a 12 volts DC input.
Dante Configuration
For audio signals to pass to and from the Model 5422A
requires that a number of Dante-related parameters be
configured. These configuration settings are stored in non-
volatile memory within the Model 5422A’s Dante network
interface circuitry. Configuration will typically be done
with the Dante Controller software application, available
for download free of charge at audinate.com. Versions of
Dante Controller are available to support several operating
systems. Refer to Appendix B for a list of the Model 5422A
configuration default values that are associated with Dante
Controller.
The Model 5422A’s Dante interface is compatible with
the Dante Domain Manager (DDM) software application.
Refer to DDM documentation, available from Audinate, for
details on which Model 5422A parameters may need to
be configured.
Audio Routing
As previously discussed, the Model 5422A is available in
two versions. The Model 5422A-01 has 32 Dante audio
input and 32 Dante audio output channels. The Model
5422A-02 has 64 Dante audio input and 64 Dante audio
output channels. The latter is organized into two 32-chan-
nel groups.
Some or all of the Model 5422A-01’s 32 Dante receiver
(input) channels will be routed (Dante subscribed) to Dante
transmitter (output) channels on associated equipment.
Some or all of the Model 5422A-01’s 32 Dante transmitter
(output) channels will be routed to the Dante receiver (input)
channels on associated equipment. These routes (Dante
subscriptions) will connect signals from related Dante
devices to and from the Model 5422A’s audio process-
ing resources. Extensive configuration choices allow the
Model 5422A’s audio channels to be organized into various
group sizes. Each group can be configured for how it will
function. For example, Dante beltpacks can be routed to
inputs and outputs on a Model 5422A-01 group to create
one or more “virtual” party-line circuits. Details regarding
configuring groups sizes and group functions are covered
later in the guide.
As the Model 5422A-02 supports a total of 64 channels (two
groups of 32-channels each) the amount of audio channel
routing required can be up to twice that of a Model 5422-
01. Since there are 64 input and 64 output audio channels
up to 128 routes (Dante subscriptions) may need to be
established. The reason that all the channels associated
with a Model 5422A may not need to be routed is simple.
Most applications will be designed to have unused (“spare”)
channels that will allow future expansion and resource
re-allocation.
Both versions of the Model 5422A use the Brooklyn II mod-
ule to implement their Dante functionality. The number of
transmitter flows associated with this module is 32 and, as
such, no flow limitation will typically occur. These flows can
either be unicast, multicast, or a combination of the two.
Note, however, that when AES67 mode is enabled in Dante
Controller the Dante transmitter (output) channels will only
function in multicast; unicast is not supported.
Unit Name and Channel Labels
The Model 5422A has a default Dante device name of
ST-5422A- along with a unique suffix. The suffix identifies
the specific Model 5422A that is being configured. The

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suffix’s actual alpha and/or numeric characters relate to the
MAC address of the unit’s Brooklyn II module.
The default labels (names) of the Dante receiver (input)
and Dante transmitter (output) audio output channels will
depend on the operating mode configuration of the selected
groups. For most operating modes it’s preferred that the
label for a receiver (input) and a transmitter (output) be
identical. (In most cases, an input has a corresponding
output.) For user or application clarity, these labels can
be revised using either the Dante Controller application or
by way of Model 5422A configuration webpages. Editing
channel labels using Dante Controller requires separate
entries for Dante receiver (input) and Dante transmit-
ter (output) channels. This can be effective but tedious,
requiring care to ensure that, when appropriate, channel
“pairs” are labeled in a similar fashion. Using the “smart”
channel labeling capability provided by the Model 5422A’s
webpage function is highly recommended. This method al-
lows a single entry to select the label for both the receiver
(input) and transmitter (output) channels. Refer to the
Model 5422A Configuration section of this guide for details
regarding “smart” channel labeling.
Device Configuration
The Model 5422A only supports an audio sample rate 48
kHz with no pull-up/down options available. The digital
audio data is in the form of pulse-code modulation (PCM)
samples. A bit depth of up to 32 can be supported. Clock-
ing and Device Latency can be adjusted if required but the
default values are typically correct. Encoding choices are
PCM 16, PCM 24, and PCM 32.
Network Configuration – Dante
As has been covered previously in the Installation section
of this guide, the Model 5422A allows connection of one,
two, or three Ethernet signals using standard RJ45 jacks
which are located on the unit’s back panel. Useful informa-
tion is also provided in Appendix A, located at the end of
this guide, which provides graphic views of how the RJ45
jacks can be utilized.
In many applications, two of the jacks will be used for Dante
audio and the third for connecting to a network designated
for device management purposes. It’s also possible to ac-
cess the Model 5422A’s management webpages using the
Dante Ethernet ports. The Model 5422A’s Dante ports are
labeled PRI and SEC indicating that they are typically used
for the primary and secondary connections. The third Eth-
ernet port is labeled MGMT, indicating that it is intended for
use accessing the management webpages. The functioning
of these three Ethernet ports can be selected in the Network
Config – Switch Configuration section of Dante Controller.
Choices are: Switched, Redundant, Switched+Mgmt, and
Redundant+Mgmt.
If the Switched mode is selected then the Model 5422A
can establish one Dante audio connection with an Ethernet
network. It doesn’t matter which RJ45 jack is utilized, PRI or
SEC, although for clarity this would typically be the primary
(PRI) jack. The secondary (SEC) RJ45 jack can be used to
interconnect with another piece of networked equipment.
The management (MGMT) Ethernet port will be used to
access the management webpages.
If the Model 5422A’s Dante network is configured for the
Switched mode ensure that only one of the two Dante
RJ45 jacks (PRI or SEC) on the back panel is connected
to the LAN associated with the Dante network. If both of the
Model 5422A’s Dante RJ45 jacks are routed to ports on the
same LAN this will typically “crash” the network! (Although
some of the latest/most-advanced Ethernet switches will
automatically detect and prevent such a “network bridging”
issue from occurring.)
If the Switched+Mgmt mode is selected the same issues
as discussed in the previous two paragraphs would again
apply. The only difference is that the management web-
pages would be accessed using the same Dante Ethernet
port that is being used to access the Dante network. The
management (MGMT) Ethernet port will be disabled.
If the Redundant mode is selected then Dante’s Redundant
networking capability will be enabled. In this case, separate
Ethernet LAN connections should be made to the Dante
primary (PRI) and Dante secondary (SEC) RJ45 jacks.
Again, the Model 5422A’s separate management (MGMT)
Ethernet port will be used to access the management
webpages.
If the Redundant+Mgmt mode is selected in Dante Con-
troller then the network connection made to the Dante
primary (PRI) Ethernet port will also be used to access
the management webpages. The Model 5422A’s separate
management (MGMT) port will be disabled.
IP Addresses
When a Model 5422A has been configured for either the
Switched or Switched+Mgmt network mode a single Dante
IP address will be associated with the network connection
that is made to either the Dante primary (PRI) or the Dante
secondary (SEC) RJ45 jack. If the network configuration
has been selected for the Redundant or Redundant+Mgmt
mode then separate IP addresses and related network pa-
rameters will be assigned to the Dante primary (PRI) and
Dante secondary (SEC) Ethernet ports. No matter what
network mode has been selected the Model 5422A will
always have a separate management IP address.
Typically, the Model 5422A’s Dante IP address or ad-
dresses and related network parameters will be determined
automatically using DHCP or, if that’s not available, the

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link-local network protocol. If desired, the Dante Control-
ler application does allow Dante IP addresses and related
network parameters to be manually set to a fixed (static)
configuration. While this is a more-involved process than
simply letting DHCP or link-local “do their thing,” if fixed
addressing is necessary then this capability is available.
Note that if the Model 5422A’s network configuration has
been set for the Redundant or Redundant+Mgmt mode
then the Dante primary and Dante secondary IP addresses
and related parameters can be independently configured.
This allows both Dante interfaces to be configured auto-
matically, both interfaces to be configured manually, or one
interface to be configured automatically and the other to be
configured manually.
By default, the Model 5422A’s management IP address
and related network parameters will be determined auto-
matically using DHCP or link-local. A configuration option,
accessible using front-panel menus (by way of the display
and associated buttons) or the management webpages,
allows manual control of the management IP address,
subnet mask, and gateway address values.
AES67 Configuration – AES67 Mode
Dante Controller allows a Model 5422A to be configured
for AES67 operation. This requires the AES67 mode to be
set for Enabled. As previously noted in this guide, if AES67
mode is enabled then all the Dante transmitter (output)
channels will use multicast; unicast will not be supported.
Model 5422A Clocking Source
While technically the Model 5422A can serve as a Leader
clock for a Dante network (as can all Dante-enabled de-
vices) in most cases, the unit will be configured to receive
its timing reference (“sync”) from another Dante device. As
such, the check box for Preferred Leader that is associated
with the Model 5422A would typically not be enabled.
Model 5422A Configuration
Many Model 5422A Dante Intercom Audio Engine operating
parameters are configured using the management system’s
webpages that are provided by way of one of the unit’s
Ethernet ports. The specific port utilized for accessing the
management system will depend on the network configura-
tion that is selected using the Dante Controller application.
A standard web browser is all that is required to utilize the
menu webpages.
The manner in which the Model 5422A handles audio sig-
nals is configured using the webpages. Parameters for the
network settings and user access are also handled using
the management system and associated webpages. In
addition, a number of display-only fields show key operat-
ing parameters.
Several key network configuration parameters can also be
viewed and revised using the Model 5422A’s front-panel
graphics display and associated pushbutton switches.
Refer to Appendix C for details on which parameters can
be revised in this manner.
Management IP Address
It’s easy to identify the Model 5422A’s management IP
address by way of the front-panel display. If the screen
saver function is active, as it will be in most situations, one
of the three pages that will automatically display will show
the current management IP address. As such, a user can
simply observe the sequencing menu pages and watch for
the one that displays the current management IP address.
If it’s desired that the current management IP address be
continuously displayed then the Enter pushbutton switch
on the front panel should be pressed. This will stop the
screen saver function and cause the current management
IP address to display. It will also allow the various menu
pages to be accessed using the up, down, left, and right
pushbutton switches. Simultaneously pressing the left and
right arrow buttons will cause the screen saver mode to
begin again. The screen saver mode will also automatically
start two minutes after the last press of any of the front-
panel pushbutton switches.
How the management Ethernet port obtains its IP address
will depend on a management interface configuration set-
ting. The default method is automatic so the Model 5422A’s
management port will first try to obtain an IP address using
DHCP. If that is not successful an IP address will be as-
signed using the link-local protocol. An address of 169.254.
x.x will indicate that an IPv4 address was established using
link-local. The Model 5422A may also have been configured
to use a manual (fixed or static) IP address. The front-
panel display and associated pushbuttons, or the Model
5422A’s management webpages, can be used to review
and/or make changes to the management IP address and
related parameters.
Accessing the Management Webpages
To access the Model 5422A’s home webpage, type the
unit’s management IP address into a browser’s search
bar. (It’s possible that some browsers may require includ-
ing the text http:// followed by the IP address.) Of course,
the computer associated with the browser must be on the
same LAN and subnet as the Model 5422A’s management
port connection.

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Home Menu
Once the Model 5422A menu system has been accessed a webpage will appear that has both a Home and Login tab
across the top. A line of greeting text will display along with a link to the Model 5422A section in the Studio Technologies
website.
Login Menu
Click on the Login tab to access the Login webpage. Entry of a valid user name and password is now required to ac-
cess the configuration and status menus. The Model 5422A doesn’t incorporate a sophisticated security implementation.
Requiring a user name and password, as well as the underlying software, is intended to keep “honest” people from making
unauthorized changes to the configuration of the Model 5422A. It is not intended as a rigorous security system.
Should the applicable user name and/or password be misplaced, refer to the Technical Notes section and/or Appendix E
of this guide for a recovery method.
User Name: Enter the Model 5422A’s user name into this
field. It is case sensitive. The default user name is guest.
If both the default user name and the default password are
active then the default user name will display in this field.
Password: Enter the Model 5422A’s password into this
field. It is case sensitive. The default password is guest. If
both the default user name and the default password are
active then the default password will display in this field.
Log In Button: Click on the Log In button to submit the
entered user name and password. If the correct entries
have been made then a Home webpage that includes an
expanded set of webpage tabs (choices) will display. If an
incorrect user name and/or password is entered then a
login failed message will be displayed in text.

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Main Menu
Once the correct user name and password have been submitted an expanded set of menu tabs will be displayed. These
choices provide the ability to access additional menu webpages. They allow configuration of audio performance as well
as network and access parameters. In addition, information about other important Model 5422A operating parameters
can also be reviewed.
As previously discussed, the Model 5422A is offered in two versions. The Model 5422A-01 provides one 32-channel group
of audio channels. This is considered a 32-channel audio engine The Model 5422A-02 provides two 32-channel groups
of audio channels. This is considered to be two 32-channel audio engines that support a total of 64 channels. The menu
systems for the two versions are quite similar. The only difference is that the Model 5422A-01 has a menu tab called Audio
Engine while the Model 5422A-02 has one tab called Audio Engine 1 and another tab called Audio Engine 2.
Engine Configuration
The Model 5422A-01 has one audio engine consisting of 32 channels. The Model 5422A-02 has two audio engines, each
consisting of 32 channels for a total of 64 channels. Two webpages are provided for configuring these audio engines.
They are named Group Configuration and Channel Configuration.
Group Configuration
The channels in each audio engine can be electronically
divided into what are referred to as groups. Selecting how
the 32 audio engine channels are arranged into groups is
crucial when working to achieve the desired Model 5422A
configuration. Each group will have a text label that can
assist personnel in knowing the purpose of each group.
The operating mode of each group can be individually
selected. This allows the specific action of each group to
be determined.
Channels per Group
The 32 channels associated with an audio engine can be
configured into one of ten configurations which determine
the number of groups and how many channels are con-
tained in each group. Choices are:
32
24, 8
20, 8, 4
16, 16
16, 12, 4
12, 12, 4, 4
8, 8, 8, 8
8, 8, 8, 4, 4
8, 8, 4, 4, 4, 4
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4

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As has been previously discussed, each Model 5422A
audio engine consists of 32 Dante receiver (input) and 32
Dante transmitter (output) channels. These channel “pairs”
can be configured to function in one of the ten available
group arrangements. As should be evident, adding together
the size of each group will always equal 32. Each group will
have a unique label and can be independently configured
as to how it will function. How to establish group labels and
operating modes will be reviewed later in this guide.
When contemplating changing the Channels per Group
configuration it’s important to note two things. The first is
that some or all of the Dante channel labels of each group
member may automatically change to reflect the revised
audio engine configuration. The second issue that could
arise is that some or all of the existing Dante audio chan-
nel routes (Dante subscriptions) associated with group
members will probably be deleted upon a change to the
number of Channels per Group configuration. This is simply
the result of Dante technology using the channel labels for
identifying and establishing routes (Dante subscriptions).
A route (Dante subscription) would no longer be valid if an
associated channel label has been changed.
The fact that Dante transmitter (output) channel labels
may automatically change when the Channel per Group
configuration changes is not necessarily a bad thing.
But some editing of the channel labels may be required
to achieve the desire implementation. Deleting routes
(Dante subscriptions) to and from group-member chan-
nels will definitely add some extra effort. Routes (Dante
subscriptions) will have to be re-established once a new
Channels per Group configuration has been selected and
confirmed. Again, this is not a terrible thing to have occur.
But it’s possible that up to 64 routes (Dante subscriptions),
consisting of 32 receiver/transmitter pairs, may have to be
re-established.
In conclusion, a change of Channels per Group organiza-
tion may be destructive as far as channel labels and routes
(Dante subscriptions) are concerned. Any changes made
to a Channels per Group configuration is “one way” with no
method to automatically return to a previous configuration.
A change will require that time and effort be spent confirm-
ing and possibly revising channel labels and routes (Dante
subscriptions).
The identification letter used in group 1 of the audio engine
associated with a Model 5422A-01, or group 1 in the first
audio engine of a Model 5422A-02, will always start with
the letter A. The next group will take on the next alphabeti-
cal letter. If an audio engine is configured for four groups
(such as 12, 12, 4, 4) then the group identification letters
will be A, B, C, and D. If an audio engine is selected for
eight groups (4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4) then the letters in the
identification range will be A through H.
The group identification letter for the second audio engine
of a Model 5422A-02 will start with J and go, if required, to
the letter R. For clarity, the letters I and O will not be used
for groups. (They can be confused with the numbers one
and zero.)
Within the Model 5422A’s logic circuitry the audio data
associated with each group is fully isolated, ensuring that
there will never be audio crosstalk between groups. (This
is to be expected since all Model 5422A Dante receiver
(input) channels, Dante transmitter (output) channels, and
processing is performed within the digital domain.)
Group Label
Associated with each group is a label (name) consisting
of up to 14 alphabetic or numeric characters. The default
label for each group is somewhat generic but can be
revised to be more descriptive. There’s no reason why a
human-readable label can’t be used to make the function
served by each group much clearer. Using labels such
as MainPL, ProductionComs, or Maintenance can be ef-
fectively utilized. Assigning logical, understandable labels
can make long-term application maintenance much easier
to perform. The Submit button must be pressed or entered
for a revised label to be saved.
Operating Mode
Each group can be independently configured to oper-
ate from among seven available operating modes.
Choices are: Party-Line w/Auto Mix, Party-Line,
Summing Bus w/Auto Mix, Summing Bus, Pass-Thru,
IFB, Audio Switching
A detailed explanation of each operating mode will be pro-
vided in the following paragraphs. For a revised operating
mode to be activated requires the Submit button, located to
the right of the selection field, be pressed or enabled.

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Party-Line w/Auto Mix: This operating mode allows party-line (PL) channels or circuits to be created from Dante
signals.
To maximum signal intelligibility, the contribution of each
user’s talk signal is automatically adjusted using the Auto
Mix function. Unlike analog PL, Dante signals designated
for intercom use can’t simply be interconnected (“banged
together”) to form common talk/listen channels. PL func-
tionality has to be created within digital logic to form “virtual”
PL circuits. To the user the result is essentially the same;
all members of a Dante PL can talk and listen at the same
time. But how that functionality is created is quite different.
As one would expect, all Dante receiver (input) and trans-
mitter (output) channels are independent. In the broadcast
or telephony-world these signals would be considered a
“4-wire” with separate audio paths for send and receive.
As such, they need to be connected to a specialized mixer
or combiner resource to allow a virtual PL function to be
created. Two signal routes (Dante subscriptions) need to
be established for each PL user channel. This channel
“pair” must have one signal associated with an intercom
device’s Dante transmitter (output) channel and a second
associated with the intercom device’s Dante receiver (input)
channel.
The Auto Mix action that applies to this operating mode
uses a special audio processing algorithm that provides
enhanced audio performance for party-line (PL) applica-
tions. This algorithm, implemented in high-speed logic
within the Model 5422A’s FPGA integrated circuit, automati-
cally adjusts the contribution that each audio input signal
makes to the party-line group. This automatic mixing ac-
tion balances the relative audio level of each input that is
contributing a significant signal to the party-line function. It
will also significantly reduce the contribution to the overall
mix of each audio input signal if its level is determined to
be below a fixed threshold. This helps ensure that users
who are actively talking on a PL circuit will be clearly heard,
while those who are not actively talking will have their
background audio minimized.
Technically, within the Model 5422A’s logic circuitry multiple
line-level mix-minus audio paths (buses) are created from
the Dante receiver (input) audio signals; each device that
is part of a PL channel or circuit requires an independent
mix-minus signal. The concept is simple, each user that’s

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part of a specific PL wants to hear an audio signal cre-
ated by a Party-Line w/Auto Mix operating mode function
that contains everyone but themselves. They don’t want
to hear themselves coming back from the Model 5422A
as there could be too much or too little level, slight audio
time delays, or other audio artifacts. They’ll want to hear
themselves (by way of their own microphone) but through
the sidetone function that is provided by their own beltpack
or intercom station.
To further explain, let’s use the example of four users that
are part of a 4-channel virtual PL circuit created by the
Model 5422A. User one wants to hear talk audio from users
two, three, and four. User two wants to hear talk audio from
users one, three, and four. User three wants to hear talk
audio from users one, two, and four. And user four wants to
hear talk audio from users one, two, and three. To support
these four users requires that the Model 5422A create four
unique mix-minus functions. This is accomplished within the
unit’s digital logic circuitry. Four associated Auto Mix func-
tions help to ensure that the audio that each user receives
is uniformly excellent. And finally, for each user to hear
themselves (audio associated with their own microphone)
each intercom device (typically a beltpack or intercom sta-
tion) will have an integrated sidetone function.
To summarize, each member of a PL group is assigned
its own mix-minus channel, meaning that the audio that it
supplies to the group is routed to all other members of the
group but not to itself. A user receives confirmation audio
from their own microphone by way of its local sidetone
function and not from the group’s mixing and distribution
functions that create the multiple mix-minus buses.
The number of channels in a group that is assigned
to the Party-Line w/Auto Mix operating mode defines the
maximum number of Dante device talk/listen channels
that can join together to form a virtual party-line (PL). The
configuration choices range from one 32-channel PL (32),
to selecting eight 4-channel groups (4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4).
What configuration choice is optimal for an application
will depend on the maximum number of independent PL
“circuits” that need to be established. A simple review
of an application should lead to the desired group
configuration.
While the maximum number of talk/listen channels that can
be assigned to a group is defined by the group size, this
does not mean that all channels associated with a group
have to be utilized. For example, if a Model 5422A is con-
figured to provide four groups of eight channels each, the
first and second groups could have five talk/listen channels
routed to them while the third and fourth groups could have
just three talk/listen channels routed to them. The unused
channels in a group don’t contribute any noise or audio
artifacts. They are simply “spare” and available for future
use, allowing additional talk/listen channels to be routed
to them as needed. Groups are just resources that allow
talk/listen channels on compatible devices to be linked
together. A group size just defines the maximum number
of device channels that can be part of a set of users that
can talk and listen among themselves.
As an example, if one group of 32 channels is selected
(32) then a maximum number of 32 of talk/listen chan-
nels from Dante-compatible devices can be routed (Dante
subscribed) to the group. This would equate to up to 32
of the Studio Technologies’ Model 372A or Model 373A
single-channel beltpacks being able to function together
in what for the users would be a party-line (PL) or shared
communication channel or circuit. If, as another example,
an application required that sixteen of the 2-channel Model
370A or Model 371A beltpacks needed to work together to
support two independent party-line channels, then a Model
5422A channel configuration choice of two 16-channel
groups (16, 16) would be appropriate.
When deploying a PL circuit, it’s important to note that two
channels are associated with each intercom channel of a
Model 5422A group. The Dante transmitter (output) chan-
nel of an intercom device will be routed (Dante subscribed)
to a Dante receiver (input) channel on a group that has
been configured for Party-Line w/Audio Mix operation. The
specific Dante transmitter (output) channel associated with
that group must be routed to the listen input on that spe-
cific intercom device. So, for example, if Dante transmitter
(output) channel one of a Studio Technologies’ Model 371A
Dante Beltpack is routed to input 02 of a Model 5422A PL
group, then that group’s output 02 must be routed to the
receiver (input) of channel one of the Model 370A. Output
02 is the mix-minus signal that channel one of this specific
Model 371A requires for correct operation; no other device
should utilize output 02.
Restated for clarity, for correct PL operation to take place
one, and only one, pair of channels (one “talk” and one
“listen”) from an intercom user device must be routed
(Dante subscribed) to one pair of channels (one “listen”
and one “talk”) on a Model 5422A PL group. These routes
must be made to associated channel pairs on both the
Dante beltpack or intercom station devices and Model
5422A PL channels.
Party-line (PL) channel routing (Dante subscribing) is
the main area of confusion when users first encounter
a Model 5422A. But after some study and experimenta-
tion the process should become clear. It’s important to
remember that when associating an intercom device to a PL
channel on a Model 5422A PL group always involves rout-
ing (Dante subscribing) two channels. Two routes (Dante

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subscriptions) will always be made to add an intercom
channel to a Model 5422A PL group. A Dante transmitter
(output) channel that has “talk” audio from the intercom
device needs to be routed to the input on a PL group. The
associated Dante transmitter (output) channel on the same
PL group (the specific mix-minus output) needs to be routed
to the input on the intercom device. Without routing both
channels, PL functionality will not be achieved.
Another suggestion is that unless one is experienced
with how the Model 5422A creates PL, start by creating a
small implementation. Don’t try to route (Dante subscribe)
a large number of channels or user devices at one time.
The complexity will make it very difficult to achieve the
desired result. Begin by creating the world’s smallest PL
intercom. Link one channel between two user devices.
Try the sidetone function on the two user devices. Turn
off sidetone and ensure that each user device is getting a
“mix-minus” — each should hear the other but not itself.
Then set sidetone to the device level. Get that functioning
correctly and you’ll understand the basics. Only then move
on to adding additional user devices. Spending one or two
hours experimenting with these topics will help to fully un-
derstanding what’s going on. From there you’ll be ready to
implement whatever your final application requires.

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Party-Line: This operating mode is identical to the Party-Line w/Auto Mix operating mode with the exception that the
Auto Mix function is not active. Studio Technologies recommends that in most cases the Auto Mix function be active. But
for special applications or test purpose this mode might be appropriate. Refer to the previous section of this guide for
details on party-line operation.

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Summing Bus w/Auto Mix: This operating mode allows two or more Dante receiver (input) audio signals to be summed
(combined, mixed, or added). This mode can be considered as implementing a “unity” gain mixing amplifier or “mix bus”
function. However, some flexibility is available. The level of each input can be adjusted over a range of ±20 dB as config-
ured using the receiver (input) channel configuration functions. The resulting output of signal mix is provided on multiple
Dante transmitter (output) channels. To maximize signal intelligibility, the contribution of each input signal is automatically
adjusted using the Auto Mix function. This function is implemented within the Model 5422A programmable logic and was
discussed previously in this guide.
One Summing Bus w/Auto Mix section can be configured as
active for each Model 5422A group. As such, the number of
input and output channels depends on the selected group
size. A group size of 4 would provide four Dante receiver
(input) channels. These channels would be combined and
output by way of four Dante transmitter (output) channels.
A group size of 32 would provide 32 Dante receiver (input)
channels whose signals would combine and be output on
32 Dante transmitter (output) channels.
While the output of the summing bus is made available on
multiple Dante transmitter (output) channels, flexibility in
nominal level is provided. The content of the signals avail-
able on each of the Dante transmitter (output) channels of
a group is the same. But the level of each output can be
adjusted over a ±20 dB range using the transmitter (output)
configuration function.
Any one of the outputs can be routed (Dante subscribed)
to multiple Dante receivers (inputs) on associated equip-
ment. Or a function’s multiple outputs can be routed (Dante
subscribed) to the one or more Dante receivers (inputs)
on multiple products. Installer preference and the required
nominal level will dictate how the Dante transmitter (output)
channels will be utilized. The overall connection limitation
is really the number of supported Dante flows, which in the
case of the Model 5422A is 32. (In most cases, a Dante
flow will consist of a connection that supports up to four
audio channels.)