Tektronix AWG4162 Use and care manual

AWG4162
Arbitrary Waveform Generator
Specifications and Performance Verification
ZZZ
Technical Reference
xx
Rev C
www.tek.com
*P077119700*
077-1197-00

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries
or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication
supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
Additional trademark statements can be added here.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc.
14150 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
For product information, sales, service, and technical support:
In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
Worldwide, visit www.tek.com to find contacts in your area.

Warranty
Tektronix warrants that the product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3)
years from the date of original purchase from an authorized Tektronix distributor. If the product proves defective
during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for
parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product. Batteries are excluded from
this warranty. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty work may be new or
reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become the property of Tektronix.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration
of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be
responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix,
shipping charges prepaid, and with a copy of customer proof of purchase. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the
product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is
located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for
products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate
maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage
resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product;
b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage
or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or
integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty
of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE
AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
[W16 – 15AUG04]

Table of Contents
Important safety information...................................................................................... v
General safety summary ...................................................................................... v
Service safety summary..................................................................................... vii
Terms in this manual ........................................................................................ viii
Symbols and terms on the product......................................................................... viii
Service Safety Summary........................................................................................... 1
Preface............................................................................................................... 3
Finding other information..................................................................................... 3
Manual conventions ........................................................................................... 3
Specifications ....................................................................................................... 5
Electrical specifications ....................................................................................... 5
General specifications........................................................................................ 22
Performance verification.......................................................................................... 25
Prerequisites................................................................................................... 25
Self tests ....................................................................................................... 26
Error codes .................................................................................................... 27
Required equipment .......................................................................................... 32
Basic mode: Frequency/Period test......................................................................... 33
Amplitude test................................................................................................. 34
DC Offset and Vocm tests.................................................................................... 36
Basic mode: AC Flatness test ............................................................................... 39
Basic mode: Harmonics distortion test..................................................................... 41
Basic mode: Spurious test ................................................................................... 42
Test record..................................................................................................... 43
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification i

Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1: Frequency/period test.................................................................................. 33
Figure 2: 50 Ωterminator accuracy ............................................................................. 34
Figure 3: Amplitude test, Basic mode........................................................................... 34
Figure 4: Amplitude test, Advanced mode ..................................................................... 35
Figure 5: 50 Ωterminator accuracy ............................................................................. 36
Figure 6: DC offset/Vocm tests, Basic mode................................................................... 37
Figure 7: DC offset/Vocm test, Advanced mode............................................................... 38
Figure 8: 50 Ωterminator accuracy ............................................................................. 39
Figure 9: 1 kHz setup for AC Flatness test ..................................................................... 39
Figure 10: >1 kHz setup for AC Flatness test.................................................................. 40
Figure 11: Harmonic distortion tests ............................................................................ 41
Figure 12: Spurious tests ......................................................................................... 42
ii AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 1: Clock generator........................................................................................... 5
Table 2: Skew control (analog to analog skew)................................................................. 6
Table 3: Skew control (analog to digital skew) ................................................................. 6
Table 4: Skew control (analog to trigger/marker skew)........................................................ 6
Table 5: Operating mode for Basic, nominal.................................................................... 6
Table 6: Waveforms (Basic mode), nominal .................................................................... 7
Table 7: Analog output (Basic mode), Frequency/Period...................................................... 8
Table 8: Analog output (Basic mode), Amplitude ......................... .......... .......... ................. 9
Table 9: Analog output (Basic mode), Vocm.................................................................... 9
Table 10: Analog output (Basic mode), Offset................................................................. 10
Table 11: Analog output (Basic mode), Window .............................................................. 10
Table 12: Analog output (Basic mode), Sine wave............................................................ 11
Table 13: Analog output (Basic mode), Square wave......................................................... 11
Table 14: Analog output (Basic mode), Pulse.................................................................. 11
Table 15: Ramp.................................................................................................... 12
Table 16: Arbitrary................................................................................................ 12
Table 17: DC....................................................................................................... 12
Table 18: Basic Mode Modulation .............................................................................. 12
Table 19: Sweep ................................................................................................... 13
Table 20: Advanced channel functionality ................... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 13
Table 21: Operating mode for Advanced, nominal ............................................................ 13
Table 22: Advanced run mode ................................................................................... 14
Table 23: Waveforms (Advanced mode), nominal............................................................. 14
Table 24: Analog output of Advanced Mode (AMP/Direct DAC/AC)...................................... 15
Table 25: Auxiliary ports: Marker output .... .............. .................................................... 19
Table 26: Auxiliary ports: Trigger/Gate input ............... .......... .......... .......... .................... 20
Table 27: Auxiliary ports: Digital output (with option)....................................................... 20
Table 28: Auxiliary ports: Memory depth (Digital output (with option))............... .................... 20
Table 29: Auxiliary ports: Sync In/Out ............. .................................. ........................ .. 21
Table 30: Auxiliary ports: Reference clock input........................ .......... .......... .................. 21
Table 31: Auxiliary ports: 10 MHz reference clock output......... .................................... ...... 21
Table 32: Auxiliary ports: External sampling clock input .................................... .......... ...... 21
Table 33: Auxiliary ports: External modulation input .............. ........................................ .. 22
Table 34: Power ................................................................................................... 22
Table 35: Environmental ......................................................................................... 22
Table 36: Physical characteristics ............................................................................... 22
Table 37: INIT and SYNCH error codes........................................................................ 27
Table 38: Diagnostic error codes ................................................................................ 30
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification iii

Table of Contents
Table 39: Required test equipment .............................................................................. 32
Table 40: AWG4162 Performance Test Record................................................................ 44
Table 41: Basic Mode Harmonic Distortion Test Record..................................................... 51
iv AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Important safety information
This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user
for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition.
To safely perform service on this product, additional information is provided at
the end of this section. (See page vii, Service safety summary.)
General safety summary
Use the product only as specified. Review the following safety precautions to
avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.
Carefully read all instructions. Retain these instructions for future reference.
Comply with local and national safety codes.
For correct and safe operation of the product, it is essential that you follow
generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions specified
in this manual.
The product is designed to be used by trained personnel only.
Only qualified personnel who are aware of the hazards involved should remove
the cover for repair, maintenance, or adjustment.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of a larger system.
Read the safety sections of the other component manuals for warnings and
cautions related to operating the system.
When incorporating this equipment into a system, the safety of that system is the
responsibility of the assembler of the system.
To avoid fire or personal
injury
Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and
certified for the country of use.
Do not use the provided power cord for other products.
Ground the product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor
of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be
connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output
terminals of the product, make sure that the product is properly grounded.
Do not disable the power cord grounding connection.
Power disconnect. The power cord disconnects the product from the power
source. See instructions for the location. Do not position the equipment so that
it is difficult to operate the power cord; it must remain accessible to the user at
all times to allow for quick disconnection if needed.
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification v

Important safety information
Connect and disconnect properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes or test
leads while they are connected to a voltage source.
Use only insulated voltage probes, test leads, and adapters supplied with the
product, or indicated by Tektronix to be suitable for the product.
Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings
and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings
information before making connections to the product. Do not exceed the
Measurement Category (CAT) rating and voltage or current rating of the lowest
rated individual component of a product, probe, or accessory. Use caution when
using 1:1 test leads because the probe tip voltage is directly transmitted to the
product.
Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that
exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.
Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels
removed, or with the case open. Hazardous voltage exposure is possible.
Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components
when power is present.
Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this
product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Disable the product if it is damaged. Do not use the product if it is damaged
or operates incorrectly. If in doubt about safety of the product, turn it off and
disconnect the power cord. Clearly mark the product to prevent its further
operation.
Before use, inspect voltage probes, test leads, and accessories for mechanical
damage and replace when damaged. Do not use probes or test leads if they are
damaged, if there is exposed metal, or if a wear indicator shows.
Examine the exterior of the product before you use it. Look for cracks or missing
pieces.
Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Be aware that condensation may occur if
a unit is moved from a cold to a warm environment.
Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere.
Provide proper ventilation. Refer to the installation instructions in the manual for
details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.
Slots and openings are provided for ventilation and should never be covered or
otherwise obstructed. Do not push objects into any of the openings.
Provide a safe working environment. Always place the product in a location
convenient for viewing the display and indicators.
vi AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Important safety information
Avoid improper or prolonged use of keyboards, pointers, and button pads.
Improper or prolonged keyboard or pointer use may result in serious injury.
Use care when lifting and carrying the product. This product is provided with
handles for lifting and carrying.
Use only the Tektronix rackmount hardware specified for this product.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Remove the input signals before you clean
the product. Inspect the instrument as often as operating conditions require. To
clean the exterior surface, perform the following steps:
1. Remove loose dust on the outside of the instrument with a lint-free cloth. Use
care to avoid scratching the clear glass display filter.
2. Use a soft cloth dampened with water to clean the instrument. Use an aqueous
solution of 75% isopropyl alcohol for more efficient cleaning.
CAUTION. Avoid getting moisture inside the unit during external cleaning. Use
only enough cleaning solution to dampen the cloth or swab. To avoid damage to
the instrument, do not expose it to sprays, liquids, or solvents, and do not use any
abrasive or chemical cleaning agents.
Servicesafetysummary
The Service safety summary section contains additional information required to
safely perform service on the product. Only qualified personnel should perform
service procedures. Read this Service safety summary and the General safety
summary before performing any service procedures.
To avoid electric shock. Do not touch exposed connections.
Do not service alone. Do not perform internal service or adjustments of this
product unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is
present.
Disconnect power. To avoid electric shock, switch off the product power and
disconnect the power cord from the mains power before removing any covers or
panels, or opening the case for servicing.
Use care when servicing with power on. Dangerous voltages or currents may exist
in this product. Disconnect power, remove battery (if applicable), and disconnect
test leads before removing protective panels, soldering, or replacing components.
Verify safety after repair. Always recheck ground continuity and mains dielectric
strength after performing a repair.
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification vii

Important safety information
Termsinthismanual
These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result
in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in
damage to this product or other property.
Symbols and terms on the product
These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read
the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you
read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
When this symbol is marked on the product, be sure to consult the manual
to find out the nature of the potential hazards and any actions which have to
betakentoavoidthem. (Thissymbolmayalsobeusedtorefertheuserto
ratings in the manual.)
The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:
viii AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Service Safety Summary
Only qualified personnel should perform service procedures. Read this Service
Safety Summary and the General Safety Summary before performing any service
procedures.
Do Not Service Alone. Do not perform internal service or adjustments of this
product unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is
present.
DisconnectPower. To avoid electric shock, disconnect the mains power by means
of the power cord or, if provided, the power switch.
UseCareWhenServicingWithPowerOn. Dangerousvoltagesorcurrentsmay
exist in this product. Disconnect power, remove battery (if applicable), and
disconnect test leads before removing protective panels, soldering, or replacing
components.
To avoid electric shock, do not touch exposed connections.
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification 1

Service Safety Summary
2 AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Preface
This manual provides product specifications and instructions to verify performance
of the AWG4162 Arbitrary Waveform Generator.
To prevent personal injury or damage to the instrument, consider the following
before attempting service:
The procedures in this manual should be performed only by a qualified service
person.
Read the General Safety Summary and the Service Safety Summary at the
beginning of this document.
When using this manual for servicing, be sure to follow all warnings, cautions,
and notes.
The manual consists of the following sections:
Specifications contains a description of the instrument and the characteristics
that apply to it.
Performance Verification contains procedures for confirming that the
instrument functions properly and meets warranted limits.
The procedures described in this document should be performed every 12
months or after module replacement.
If the instruments do not meet performance criteria, repair is necessary.
Finding other information
See the following list for other documents supporting your instrument. These
documents are available online at www.tek.com/manuals.
Document Description
AWG4162 Printable Help A help system, integrated with the User Interface, that provides operating instructions. A PDF
of this document is also available online at www.tek.com/manuals.
AWG4162 Advanced Application
Programmer Manual
A manual that provides programmers with the commands and syntax for remotely controlling
the instrument when the Advanced Application mode is running.
AWG4162 Basic Application
Programmer Manual
A manual that provides programmers with the commands and syntax for remotely controlling
the instrument when the Basic Application mode is running.
Manual conventions
This manual uses certain conventions that you should become familiar with.
Some sections of the manual contain procedures for you to perform. To keep those
instructions clear and consistent, this manual uses the following conventions:
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification 3

Preface
Front-panel controls and menu names appear in the same case (initial capitals,
all uppercase, and so on) in the manual as is used on the instrument front-panel
and menus. Front-panel labels are all upper case letters (for example, MENU,
SELECT, PULSE GEN, and so on).
Instruction steps are numbered unless there is only one step.
Modules Throughout this manual, any replaceable component, assembly, or part of the
instrument is referred to generically as a module. In general, a module is an
assembly (such as a circuit board). Sometimes a single component is a module;
for example, the chassis of the instrument is a module.
Safety Symbols and terms related to safety appear in the Safety Summary near the
beginning of this manual.
4 AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Specifications
All specifications are guaranteed unless labeled “typical”. Typical specifications
are provided for your convenience, but are not guaranteed.
Specifications that are check marked with the symbol are checked directly in
the Performance Verification section.
All specifications apply to the arbitrary function generator unless noted otherwise.
These specifications are valid under the following conditions:
The instrument must have been calibrated/adjusted at an ambient temperature
between +20 °C and +30 °C.
The instrument must be operating at an ambient temperature between 5 °C
and +50 °C.
The instrument must have had a warm-up period of at least 30 minutes.
The instrument must be in an environment with temperature, altitude, and
humidity within the operating limits described in these specifications.
Electrical specifications
Table 1: Clock generator
Characteristic Description
Sampling rate control 100 S/s to 2.5 GS/s
Resolution: 8 digits; 100 S/s
2 channels can be set to different sampling rates. Each channel’s sampling clock is individual.
Internal clock stability ±0.28 x 10-6 (Frequency stability vs. change in temperature.)
Holdover stability: ±0.32 x 10-6 (Inclusive of frequency stability, supply voltage changes (±1%),
aging, for 24 hours.)
Constant temperature stability: ±40 x 10-9
Internal clock aging, typical Per life (20 years): within ±3 x 10-6
Per day: within ±40 x 10-9
Reference oscillator error
(cumulative)
Total reference frequency error, one year after factory adjustment, at any temperature within
operating limits.
±1.6 x 10-6 /year
Includes allowances for Aging per Year, Reference Frequency Calibration Accuracy, and
Temperature Stability.
Aging Per Year: ±1.0 x 10-6
Reference oscillator calibration
accuracy
±1.0 × 10-6 when operated within 25 °C ±5 °C, after 30 minute warm-up
Reference oscillator aging Within ±1.0 x 10-6 /year
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification 5

Specifications
Table 2: Skew control (analog to analog skew)
Characteristic Description
Range 0 ps to 240000 ps (at 2.5 GS/s)
(Shift clock using delay line.)
Resolution 10 ps
Accuracy, typical ±(10% of effective setting + 20 ps) at 2.5 GS/s
Internal < 200 ps from 1.25 GSa/s to 2.5 GSa/s
< 1 ns below 1.25 GSa/s
Table 3: Skew control (analog to digital skew)
Characteristic Description
Range 0 ps to 101790 ps (at 2.5 GS/s)
Resolution 78 ps
Accuracy, typical ±(10% of effective setting + 140 ps)
Internal < 1.4 ns from 1.25 GSa/s to 2.5 GSa/s
< 2 ns from 100 MSa/s to 1.25 GSa/s
< 4.5 ns below 100 MSa/s
Table 4: Skew control (analog to trigger/marker skew)
Characteristic Description
Range 0 ps to 101790 ps (at 2.5 GS/s)
Resolution 78 ps
Accuracy, typical ±(10% of effective setting + 140 ps)
Internal < 1.4 ns from 1.25 GSa/s to 2.5 GSa/s
< 2 ns from 100 MSa/s to 1.25 GSa/s
<4
.5 ns below 100 MSa/s
Table 5: Operating mode for Basic, nominal
Characteristic Description
Basic mode Uses Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) techniques. It is the prevailing signal generator
architecture in the industry today. This mode offers fewer waveform variations than Advanced
mode, but with excellent stability and fast response to frequency change. It can switch almost
instantly between two frequencies/waveforms. Basic mode also offers a way to modulate
the signal from internal or external sources, which is essential for some types of standards
compliance testing. In this mode, the sampling clock is fixed.
Run mode Continuous, Modulation, Sweep, and Burst
Burst count 1 to 1,000,000 cycles or infinite
Internal trigger delay 0 to 100 s
Resolution: 1 ps, 15 digits
6 AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification

Specifications
Table 5: Operating mode for Basic, nominal (cont.)
Characteristic Description
Internal trigger delay accuracy,
typical
±(1% setting + 50 ps)
Internal trigger interval range 1 s to 500 s
Resolution: 2 ns, 12 digits
Table 6: Waveforms (Basic mode), nominal
Characteristic Description
Standard Sine, Square, Pulse, Ramp, More (Sin(x)/x, Noise, DC, Gaussian, Lorentz, Exponential Rise,
Exponential Decay, and Haversine)
Arbitrary waveform User defined waveforms. Users can edit and save their own waveforms.
Waveform length 16384/Channel
Sampling rate 2.5 GS/s
Resolution 14 bits
AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification 7

Specifications
Table 7: Analog output (Basic mode), Frequency/Period
Characteristic Description
Frequency/Period
Sine 1Hz to 600 MHz
Square 1Hz to 330 MHz
Pulse 1 Hz to 330 MHz
Ramp, Exponential Rise,
Exponential Decay
1Hz to 30 MHz
Sin(x)/X, Gaussian, Lorentz,
Haversine
1Hz to 60 MHz
Arbitrary1Hz to 400MHz
Noise, typical 1 Hz to 400 MHz
1Hz or 15 digits (sine, square, pulse, arbitrary)
Resolution
1Hz or 14 digits (ramp, Sin(x)/x, Gaussian, Lorentz, exponential rise, exponential decay,
Haversine)
Accuracy ±10-6 setting (except Arbitrary), 5°C to 50°C
±10-6 setting ±1 Hz (Arbitrary), 5°C to 50°C
Stability ±1.6 x 10-6 / year
Accuracy aging ±1.0 x 10-6 / year
Range
50 load, single ended –2.5 V to +2.5 V
High Z load, single
ended
–5Vto+5V
Resolution 1 mV or 4 digits
Accuracy 50 load, single ended: 1% of setting+5 mV
8 AWG4162 Specifications and Performance Verification