Tektronix OM4106D User manual

xx
OM4106D and OM4006D
Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer
ZZZ
User Manual
*P071316002*
071-3160-02

OM4106D and OM4006D
Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer
ZZZ
User Manual
xx
www.tektronix.com
071-3160-02

Copyright © Tektronix. All rights reserved. Licensed software products are owned by Tektronix or its subsidiaries
or suppliers, and are protected by national copyright laws and international treaty provisions.
Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication
supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved.
TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix, Inc.
MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc.
LabVIEW is a trademark of National Instruments, Inc.
Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of the Intel Corporation.
Other product and company names listed are trademarks and trade names of their respective companies.
Contacting Tektronix
Tektronix, Inc.
14150 SW Karl Braun Drive
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, OR 97077
USA
For product information, sales, service, and technical support:
In North America, call 1-800-833-9200.
Worldwide, visit www.tektronix.com to find contacts in your area.

Warranty
Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1)
year from the date of shipment. If any such product proves defective during this warranty period, Tektronix, at its
option, either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor, or will provide a replacement
in exchange for the defective product. Parts, modules and replacement products used by Tektronix for warranty
work may be new or reconditioned to like new performance. All replaced parts, modules and products become
the property of Tektronix.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of
the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service. Customer shall be responsible
for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping
charges prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within
the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping
charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate
maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a) to repair damage
resulting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product;
b) to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any damage
or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a product that has been modified or
integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration increases the time or difficulty
of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THE PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
TEKTRONIX' RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE
AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY.
TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS
ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
[W2 – 15AUG04]

Table of Contents
Important safety information..................................................................................... vi
General safety summary ..................................................................................... vi
Service safety summary..................................................................................... viii
Terms in this manual ......................................................................................... ix
Symbols and terms on the product.......................................................................... ix
Compliance information ......................................................................................... xii
EMC compliance ............................................................................................ xii
Safety compliance ........................................................................................... xiii
Environmental considerations............................................................................... xv
Preface............................................................................................................ xvii
Supported products ......................................................................................... xvii
About this manual .......................................................................................... xvii
Getting started...... .................................. .................................. .......... ................... 1
Product description ............................................................................................ 1
Accessories..................................................................................................... 2
Options.......................................................................................................... 2
Initial product inspection..... .................. ........................................ .................. ..... 3
Environmental operating requirements...................................................................... 4
Power requirements............................................................................................ 5
PC requirements ............................................................................................... 6
Software installation........................................................................................... 6
Set the instrument IP address................................................................................. 8
Equipment setup .............................................................................................. 13
Operating basics ................................................................................................... 17
OM4000 controls and connectors........................................................................... 17
Software overview............................................................................................ 18
The Laser Receiver Control Panel (LRCP) user interface ............................................... 19
The OM4000 user interface (OUI).......................................................................... 23
Configuring the OM4000 user interface (OUI)................................................................. 57
VISA connections ............................................................................................ 57
Non-VISA oscilloscope connections (Scope Service Utility) ......... .............. .............. ...... 59
Two-oscilloscope configuration............................................................................. 61
MATLAB........................................................................................................... 62
Taking measurements ............................................................................................. 63
Setting up your measurement.............. ...................... .......................... .................. 63
MATLAB Engine file ........................................................................................ 64
Taking measurements ........................................................................................ 65
Multicarrier support (MCS) option ..... .................. ................................ .................. 66
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer i

Table of Contents
Detailed configuration of experiments .......................................................................... 77
References..................................................................................................... 77
Core processing software guide.................................................................................. 79
Interaction with OUI ......................................................................................... 79
MATLAB variables........................................................................................... 80
MATLAB functions .......................................................................................... 81
Signal processing steps in CoreProcessing................................................................. 82
Block processing.............................................................................................. 87
Alerts management ........................................................................................... 88
Core Processing function reference.............................................................................. 91
AlignTribs ..................................................................................................... 91
ApplyPhase.................................................................................................... 94
ClockRetime................................................................................................... 94
DiffDetection.................................................................................................. 95
EstimateClock................................................................................................. 97
EstimatePhase................................................................................................. 99
EstimateSOP ................................................................................................ 100
MaskCount .................................................................................................. 101
GenPattern................................................................................................... 102
Jones2Stokes ................................................................................................ 103
JonesOrth .................................................................................................... 103
LaserSpectrum .............................................................................................. 104
QDecTh...................................................................................................... 104
zSpectrum.................................................................................................... 106
Appendix A: MATLAB variables used by core processing................................................. 107
Appendix B: Alerts.............................................................................................. 109
Appendix C: Calibration and adjustment (RT oscilloscope).............. .......... ........................ 111
Calibration and adjustment (RT).......................................................................... 111
Hybrid calibration (RT) .................................................................................... 115
Absolute power calibration ................................................................................ 119
Laser linewidth factor ...................................................................................... 119
Receiver equalization....................................................................................... 119
Appendix D: Automatic receiver deskew..................................................................... 121
Appendix E: Equivalent-Time (ET) oscilloscope operation .. .......... ........................ .......... .. 123
Configuring hardware (ET)................................................................................ 123
Configuring the software (ET) ............................................................................ 126
OM4000 User Interface (OUI) (ET)...................................................................... 128
Calibration and adjustment (ET).......................................................................... 130
Setting up an ET Oscilloscope .......................... .......... .......................... .......... .... 140
Matlab Engine file (ET).................................................................................... 141
Taking measurements (ET) ................................................................................ 142
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Table of Contents
OUI overview (ET)......................................................................................... 142
OUI Controls panel (ET)................................................................................... 142
Analysis Parameters window (ET)........................................................................ 143
Appendix F: Configuring two Tektronix 70000 series oscilloscopes .............. .............. .......... 145
Oscilloscope settings . .............. ................................ .............. .............. ............ 147
OUI settings for 2-oscilloscope operation ............................... .......... ...................... 150
Appendix G: The automated test equipment (ATE) interface .............................................. 153
The LRCP ATE interface .................................................................................. 153
The OUI4000 ATE interface............................................................................... 159
ATE functionality in MATLAB ......................... .................................. ................ 167
Building an OM4006 ATE client in VB.NET ........................................................... 169
Appendix H: Cleaning and maintenance...................................................................... 177
Cleaning ..................................................................................................... 177
Maintenance................................................................................................. 177
Index
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer iii

Table of Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1: Real-time (RT) oscilloscope setup diagram ..... ........................ ........................ .... 13
Figure 2: Equivalent-time (ET) oscilloscope setup diagram.............................. .............. ...... 14
Figure 3: Color grade constellation- fine traces................................................................ 45
Figure 4: Color Key constellation ............................................................................... 45
Figure 5: Multicarrier Setup button (Home ribbon) ........................................................... 66
Figure 6: Multicarrier setup window............................................................................ 67
Figure 7: Multicarrier spectrum context menu................................................................. 69
Figure 8: Multicarrier spectrum plot ............................................................................ 70
Figure 9: Multicarrier spectrum plot details.................................................................... 72
Figure 10: Multicarrier constellation plots ......... .............. ........................ ...................... 73
Figure 11: Multicarrier Eye diagrams plot...................................................................... 74
Figure 12: EVM vs. Channel plot ............................................................................... 74
Figure 13: Q vs. Channel plot.................................................................................... 75
Figure 14: Meas vs. Channel table .............................................................................. 75
Figure 15: When adjusting the middle slider, watch the Y-Eye and Y-Const to minimize the signal in the
Y-polarization ............................................................................................... 114
Figure 16: Final channel delay values provide only noise in Y polarization ............................. 114
Figure 17: Typical ET oscilloscope setup diagram ................................................. ........ 124
Figure 18: ChDelay(2) off by 2 ps causes curvature on constellation and signal on Q-Eye for 28 Gbps
BPSK......................................................................................................... 132
Figure 19: When adjusting the middle slider, watch the Y-Eye and Y-Const to minimize the signal in the
Y-polarization ............................................................................................... 134
Figure 20: Final channel delay values provide only noise in Y polarization ............................. 135
Figure 21: Equivalent-time (ET) oscilloscope setup diagram ............ .............. .............. ...... 140
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Table of Contents
List of Tables
Table 1: Standard and optional accessories...................................................................... 2
Table 2: OM4000 options ......................................................................................... 2
Table 3: Software options ......................................................................................... 3
Table 4: OM4000 environmental requirements................................................................. 4
Table 5: AC line power requirements ............................................................................ 5
Table 6: List of controller PC (oscilloscope or PC) software............... ........................ ........... 7
Table 7: Software install: oscilloscope.... ................................ .................. .................. ... 8
Table 8: OUI plots (real-time oscilloscopes) ............... ................................ .................. .. 25
Table 9: Controls panel elements................................................................................ 30
Table 10: Record length and block interaction behavior...................................................... 32
Table 11: OUI: Analysis Parameters window .................................................................. 33
Table 12: Oscilloscope connectivity (VISA vs. Scope Service Utility) . .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... .. .... 57
Table 13: Multicarrier spectrum menu choices (right-click)...... .............................. .............. 69
Table 14: Multicarrier spectrum controls ............... .................................................... .... 70
Table 15: Alert code descriptions.............................................................................. 109
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer v

Important safety information
Important safety information
This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed by the user
for safe operation and to keep the product in a safe condition.
To safely perform service on this product, additional information is provided at
the end of this section. (See page viii, Service safety summary.)
General safety summary
Use the product only as specified. Review the following safety precautions to
avoid injury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it.
Carefully read all instructions. Retain these instructions for future reference.
Comply with local and national safety codes.
For correct and safe operation of the product, it is essential that you follow
generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the safety precautions specified
in this manual.
The product is designed to be used by trained personnel only.
Only qualified personnel who are aware of the hazards involved should remove
the cover for repair, maintenance, or adjustment.
Before use, always check the product with a known source to be sure it is
operating correctly.
This product is not intended for detection of hazardous voltages.
Use personal protective equipment to prevent shock and arc blast injury where
hazardous live conductors are exposed.
When incorporating this equipment into a system, the safety of that system is the
responsibility of the assembler of the system.
To avoid fire or personal
injury
Use proper power cord. Use only the power cord specified for this product and
certified for the country of use.
Do not use the provided power cord for other products.
Ground the product. This product is grounded through the grounding conductor
of the power cord. To avoid electric shock, the grounding conductor must be
connected to earth ground. Before making connections to the input or output
terminals of the product, make sure that the product is properly grounded.
Do not disable the power cord grounding connection.
Power disconnect. The power cord disconnects the product from the power
source. See instructions for the location. Do not position the equipment so that it
vi OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer

Important safety information
is difficult to disconnect the power cord; it must remain accessible to the user at
all times to allow for quick disconnection if needed.
Observe all terminal ratings. To avoid fire or shock hazard, observe all ratings
and markings on the product. Consult the product manual for further ratings
information before making connections to the product.
Do not apply a potential to any terminal, including the common terminal, that
exceeds the maximum rating of that terminal.
Do not float the common terminal above the rated voltage for that terminal.
The measuring terminals on this product are not rated for connection to mains or
Category II, III, or IV circuits.
Do not operate without covers. Do not operate this product with covers or panels
removed, or with the case open. Hazardous voltage exposure is possible.
Avoid exposed circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and components
when power is present.
Do not operate with suspected failures. If you suspect that there is damage to this
product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Disable the product if it is damaged. Do not use the product if it is damaged
or operates incorrectly. If in doubt about safety of the product, turn it off and
disconnect the power cord. Clearly mark the product to prevent its further
operation.
Examine the exterior of the product before you use it. Look for cracks or missing
pieces.
Use only specified replacement parts.
Replace batteries properly. Replace batteries only with the specified type and
rating.
Use proper fuse. Use only the fuse type and rating specified for this product.
Wear eye protection. Wear eye protection if exposure to high-intensity rays or
laser radiation exists.
Do not operate in wet/damp conditions. Be aware that condensation may occur if
a unit is moved from a cold to a warm environment.
Do not operate in an explosive atmosphere.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Remove the input signals before you clean
the product.
Provide proper ventilation. Refer to the installation instructions in the manual for
details on installing the product so it has proper ventilation.
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer vii

Important safety information
Slots and openings are provided for ventilation and should never be covered or
otherwise obstructed. Do not push objects into any of the openings.
Provide a safe working environment. Always place the product in a location
convenient for viewing the display and indicators.
Avoid improper or prolonged use of keyboards, pointers, and button pads.
Improper or prolonged keyboard or pointer use may result in serious injury.
Be sure your work area meets applicable ergonomic standards. Consult with an
ergonomics professional to avoid stress injuries.
Use care when lifting and carrying the product.
Warning- Use correct controls and procedures. Use of controls, adjustments,
or procedures other than those listed in this document may result in hazardous
radiation exposure.
Do not directly view laser output. Under no circumstances should you use any
optical instruments to view the laser output directly.
Service safety summary
The Service safety summary section contains additional information required to
safely perform service on the product. Only qualified personnel should perform
service procedures. Read this Service safety summary and the General safety
summary before performing any service procedures.
To avoid electric shock. Do not touch exposed connections.
Do not service alone. Do not perform internal service or adjustments of this
product unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is
present.
Disconnect power. To avoid electric shock, switch off the product power and
disconnect the power cord from the mains power before removing any covers or
panels, or opening the case for servicing.
Use care when servicing with power on. Dangerous voltages or currents may exist
in this product. Disconnect power, remove battery (if applicable), and disconnect
test leads before removing protective panels, soldering, or replacing components.
Verify safety after repair. Always recheck ground continuity and mains dielectric
strength after performing a repair.
viii OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer

Important safety information
Terms in this manual
These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that could result
in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that could result in
damage to this product or other property.
Symbols and terms on the product
These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read
the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as you
read themarking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
When this symbol is marked on the product, be sure to consult the manual
to find out the nature of the potential hazards and any actions which have to
be taken to avoid them. (This symbol may also be used to refer the user to
ratings in the manual.)
The following symbol(s) may appear on the product:
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer ix

Important safety information
Front panel labels
Item Description
1
Indicates the location of laser apertures
2On inside cover of the instrument
3
x OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer

Important safety information
Rear panel labels
Item Description
1 Instrument model and serial number label
2Fuse safety information
3COMPLIES WITH 21CFR1040.10 EXCEPT
FOR DEVIATIONS PURSUANT TO LASER
NOTICE NO. 50, DATED JUNE 24, 2007
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer xi

Compliance information
Compliance information
This section lists the EMC (electromagnetic compliance), safety, and
environmental standards with which the instrument complies.
EMC compliance
EC Declaration of
Conformity – EMC
Meets intent of Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility.
Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the
Official Journal of the European Communities:
EN 61326-1 2006. EMC requirements for electrical equipment for measurement,
control, and laboratory use. 123
CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and conducted emissions, Group 1, Class A
IEC 61000-4-2:2001. Electrostatic discharge immunity
IEC 61000-4-3:2002. RF electromagnetic field immunity
IEC 61000-4-4:2004. Electrical fast transient / burst immunity
IEC 61000-4-5:2001. Power line surge immunity
IEC 61000-4-6:2003. Conducted RF immunity
IEC 61000-4-11:2004. Voltage dips and interruptions immunity
EN 61000-3-2:2006. AC power line harmonic emissions
EN 61000-3-3:1995. Voltage changes, fluctuations, and flicker
European contact.
Tektronix UK, Ltd.
Western Peninsula
Western Road
Bracknell, RG12 1RF
United Kingdom
1This product is intended for use in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause electromagnetic
interference.
2Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when this equipment is connected to a
test object.
3For compliance with the EMC standards listed here, high quality shielded interface cables should be used.
xii OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer

Compliance information
Australia / New Zealand
Declaration of
Conformity – EMC
Complies with the EMC provision of the Radiocommunications Act per the
following standard, in accordance with ACMA:
CISPR 11:2003. Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Group 1, Class A, in
accordance with EN 61326-1:2006.
Australia / New Zealand contact.
Baker & McKenzie
Level 27, AMP Centre
50 Bridge Street
Sydney NSW 2000, Australia
Safety compliance
This section lists the safety standards with which the product complies and other
safety compliance information.
EU declaration of
conformity – low voltage
Compliance was demonstrated to the following specification as listed in the
Official Journal of the European Union:
Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC.
EN 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.
EN 60825-1. Safety of Laser Products - Part 1: Equipment classification
and requirements.
U.S. nationally recognized
testing laboratory listing
UL 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.
Canadian certification CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical
Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General
Requirements.
Additional compliances IEC 61010-1. Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for
Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements.
IEC 60825-1. Safety of Laser Products - Part 1: Equipment classification
and requirements.
This laser product complies with 21CFR1040.10 except for deviations
pursuant to Laser Notice No. 50, dated June 24, 2007.
Equipment type Test and measuring equipment.
OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer xiii

Compliance information
Safety class Class 1 – grounded product.
Pollution degree
descriptions
A measure of the contaminants that could occur in the environment around
and within a product. Typically the internal environment inside a product is
considered to be the same as the external. Products should be used only in the
environment for which they are rated.
Pollution degree 1. No pollution or only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs.
Products in this category are generally encapsulated, hermetically sealed, or
located in clean rooms.
Pollution degree 2. Normally only dry, nonconductive pollution occurs.
Occasionally a temporary conductivity that is caused by condensation must
be expected. This location is a typical office/home environment. Temporary
condensation occurs only when the product is out of service.
Pollution degree 3. Conductive pollution, or dry, nonconductive pollution
that becomes conductive due to condensation. These are sheltered locations
where neither temperature nor humidity is controlled. The area is protected
from direct sunshine, rain, or direct wind.
Pollution degree 4. Pollution that generates persistent conductivity through
conductive dust, rain, or snow. Typical outdoor locations.
Pollution degree rating Pollution degree 2 (as defined in IEC 61010-1). Rated for indoor, dry location
use only.
IP rating IP20 (as defined in IEC 60529).
Measurement and
overvoltage category
descriptions
Measurement terminals on this product may be rated for measuring mains voltages
from one or more of the following categories (see specific ratings marked on
the product and in the manual).
Category II. Circuits directly connected to the building wiring at utilization
points (socket outlets and similar points).
Category III. In the building wiring and distribution system.
Category IV. At the source of the electrical supply to the building.
NOTE. Only mains power supply circuits have an overvoltage category rating.
Only measurement circuits have a measurement category rating. Other circuits
within the product do not have either rating.
Mains overvoltage
category rating
Overvoltage category II (as defined in IEC 61010-1).
xiv OM4000D Series Coherent Lightwave Signal Analyzer