Tektronix 7d11 User manual

Tektronix,

Inc.

070

-1

329

-

00

TEKTRONIX

®

7011

DIGITAL

DELAY

OPERATORS

)-

INSTRUCTION

MANUAL

P.O. Box

500

Beaverton, Oregon 97005

772

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•

WARRANTY

All

TEKTRONIX instruments are warranted against

defective materials and workmanship for

one

year. Any

questions with respect

to

the

warranty should be taken up

with

your

TEKTRONIX Field Engineer

or

representative.

All

requests for repairs and replacement

paru

should be

directed

to

the

TEKTRONIX Field Office

or

representative

in

your

area. This will assure you

the

fastest possible

service. Please include

the

instrument

Type

Number

or

Part

Number and Serial Number with all requests fOf" parts

Of"

service.

Specifications and price change privileges reserved.

Copyr.,t

@

1972

by

Tektronix. Inc.. Beaverton, Oregon.

Printed

in

the

United States

of

America.

All

rights reserved.

Cont

ents

of

this publication may

not

be reproduced

in

any

form

without

permission

of

Tektronix, Inc.

U.S.A. and foreign TEKTRONIX products covered by U.S.

and foreign patents and/

or

patents pending.

TEKTRONIX

is

a registered trademark

of

Tektronix. Inc.

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

L

®

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

7011

Features

Preliminary Information

Installation

Display

Controls and Connectors

General Operating Information

Signal Connection

Count

Mode

Trigger Controls

Triggered Light

Trigger Coupling

Trigger Source

Trigger Slope/Level

Events

Start

Trigger

Delay

Time

or

Events

Fine Delay

B Sweep Delay Mode

Output

Signals

Front-Panel

Output

Signals

Output

Signals

to

Mainframe

Operating Modes

Sweep Delay

Echo Delay Time Mode

Applications

General

Delayed-Sweep Time Measurements

Displaying Complex Signals with Delayed Sweep

Pulse

Jitter

Measurements

SPECIFICATION

Introduction

Table 2-1, Electrical Characteristics

Table 2-2, Environmental Characteristics

Table 2-3, Physical Characteristics

Page

1-1

1-3

1-4

1-5

1-6

1-7

1-8

1-9

1-10

2-1

2-2

7011

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DIGITAL DELAY

7011

Fig.

""

701

1 Di

git

a

lO

elav.

Section

1-7011

Operators

OPERATING

INSTRUCTIONS

7011

Features

The

7011

Digital Delay plug-in

unit

is

designed for use

with

TEKTRONIX

7000-Series Oscilloscope mainframes

equipped

with a

readout

system.

The

7011

uses

the

readout

system

to

display

the

selected delay

count

on

the

CRT. A

delayed

trigger

output

is

generated by

counting

time

or

events. Digital delay

time

to

one

second

is

read

out

in 100-nanosecond increments.

Additional

analog delay

time

from

zero

to

100

nanoseconds

selected

from

a

calibrated front-panel dial provides

added

resolution. An

"echo"

time-delay

mode

provides a divide-by-two scaler

to

read

out

the

"one-way

trip"

time

up

to

two

seconds

for

radar ranging and

TOR

applications. Delay time accuracy

is

controlled

by

an internal crystal oscillator;

greater

accuracy

can be

obtained

by

the

use

of

an external

one-megahertz

standard.

In

the

Count

by

Events mode,

the

CRT

readout

displays

the

integer

number

of

events from

one

to

10

7

events

at

count

rates

up

to

50

megal:lertz.

The

7011

can

be

used

to

delay a 7B-series time-base unit

in

either

a runs-after

or

triggerable-after delay

time

mode.

Other

7011

features include on-screen display

of

delay

interval by vertical signal

or

display blanking, trigger

pickoff

from

vertical amplifier unit, and blanking

of

all

zeros

to

the

left

of

the

most

significant digit

(Count

by

Time

mode

only).

PRELIMINARY INFORMATION

Installation

The

7011

is

designed

to

operate

in

any

plug-in

compart-

ment

of

TEKTRONIX

7000-series mainframes. However,

certain modes

of

operation

require

the

7011

to

be installed

in a specific

compartment.

The

unit

must

be

operated

in a

horizontal

compartment

to

trigger from a signal applied

to

®

a vertical amplifier unit.

The

7011

must be

operated

in

the

A Horizontal

compartment

to

control

the

delay

mode

of

a

time-base

unit

in

the

B Horizontal

compartment.

Operation

in

a vertical

compartment

is

necessary

to

view

the

Delay

Interval Pedestal

without

the

use

of

external

cables.

To

install

the

7011

into a plug-in

compartment,

push

the

unit

in

until it

is

seated flush against

the

front

panel

of

the

mainframe.

To

remove, pull

the

release latch

to

disengage

the

7011.

Continue

to

pull

the

release latch

to

remove

the

unit

from

the

mainframe.

Display

The

7011'

readout

display

is

presented

on

the

CRT

of

the

mainframe, along

with

information

encoded

by

the

other

plug-in units. Digital delay time (in milliseconds)

is

displayed in

four

to

eight digits. All zeros

to

the

left

of

the

most

significant digit are blanked

out.

The

+ symbol

to

the

right

of

the

digital display reminds

the

operator

to

add

any

analog delay

time

selected

by

the

FINE DELAY (ns) dial

to

the

delay time.

The

number

of

events being countecJ

is

presented in a seven-digit display.

The

7011

readout

display appears

on

the

CRT

in

a

location corresponding

to

the

plug-in

compartment

used.

The

delay

time

or

number

of

events will be displayed

in

the

top

division

of

the

CRT

graticule.

The

delay-time measure-

ment

unit

(ms) will be displayed

in

the

bottom

division. It

is

not

necessary

to

select

the

7011

with

the

mainframe

Vertical

or

Horizontal Mode switches

to

view

the

digital

display.

In

order

to

view

the

Delay Interval Pedestal

waveform, selection with

the

Vertical Mode switch

is

required.

1-1

Operating I

ns

tru

ctions-

7Dll

Operators

Fig. 1·2.

701

1

front

·panel

co

ntrols and

con

n

ec

tors.

' -2

CONTROLS

AND

CONNECTORS

The major controls

and

connectors

for

operation

of

the

7D11

are

located on the

front

panel

of

the

unit.

Two

controls located inside the

unit

for

auxiliary functions

are

described in the General Operating

Information

section.

The front·panel controls

and

connectors

are

identified in

Fig. 1-2;

their

functions

are

as

follows:

CD

COUNT MODE Switch

Selects mode

of

operation and clock-signal

source

for

Time count mode.

CD

B

SWEEP

DELAY

MODE Switch

Selects the delay mode logic

for

time-base

unit

in

B Horizontal compartment

of

mainframe.

CD

TRIGGER

SLOPE/LEVEL

Controls

Select slope

and

amplitude

point

of

input

signal

where the delay

is

initiated.

CD

TRIG'D

Indicator

Lights when a trigger

is

produced.

CD

COUPLING Switch

Selects the method

of

coupling the input signal

to

the Trigger circuit.

CD

SOURCE Switch

Selects Trigger

input

signal source.

CD

EVENTS

START

TRIGGER

SLOPE/LEVEL

Controls

Select slope and amplitude

point

of

input signal

where the Events

Start

count

is

initiated.

CD

DELAY

TIME

OR

EVENTS Control

Selects delay

time

or

number

of

events counted.

Direction

of

rotation

selects increase

or

decrease

in delay time

or

number

of

events.

CD

FINE

DELAY

(ns)

Dial

Selects analog delay

time

added to digital delay

time selected

by

DELAY

TIME

OR EVENTS

control.

Operating

Instructions-7011

Operators

@

DLY'DTRIGOUT

BNC connector

for

Delayed Trigger

output

signal.

®

EXT

1 MHz

IN

or

EVENTS

START

TRIG

IN

BNC connector

for

input

of

external 1 MHz

time-reference signal

or

input

of

Events Start

Trigger

input

signal. Connector

function

is

deter-

mined

by

setting

of

COUNT MODE switch.

®

DLY

INTERVAL

OUT

BNC connector

for

Delay Interval

output

signal.

®

EXTTRIG

IN

BNC connector

for

external

input

to

Trigger

circuit

(selected

by

SOURCE switch

in

the

external positions).

RESET

Resets

the

DELAY

TIME

OR

EVENTS

to

0000001 (EFF

SN

B030000 and up).

GENERAL

OPERATING

INFORMATION

Signal Connection

In general, probes

offer

the most convenient

means

of

connecting signals

to

the 7D

11

external trigger inputs.

TEKTRONIX

probes

are

shielded

to

prevent

pickup

of

electrostatic interference. A

10X

attenuation probe offers a

high

input

impedance and allows the

circuit

under test

to

perform very close

to

normal operating conditions. Also, a

10X probe attenuates the

input

signal ten times.

TEKTRONIX

probes

are

designed

to

monitor

the signal

source

with

minimum

circuit

loading_ The

use

of

a probe

will,

however,

limit

the maximum trigger frequency range.

To

obtain maximum trigger bandwidth when using probes,

select a probe capable

of

compensating the input

capacitance; observe the grounding considerations given in

the probe manual. The probe-to-connector adapters

and

the

bayonet-ground

tip

provide the best frequency response.

In

high-frequency applications, requiring maximum over-

all bandwidth,

use

a coaxial cable terminated at

both

ends

in the characteristic impedance

of

the cable.

To

maintain

the high-frequency characteristics

of

the applied signal,

use

high-quality low-loss cable. Resistive coaxial attenuators

can

be

used

to minimize reflection

if

the applied signal

has

suitable amplitude.

REV.

JAN

1974 1-3

Operating

Instructions-7D11

Operators

High-level, low-frequency signals can be

connected

directly

to

the

external

trigger inputs with short, unshielded

leads. When

this

method

is

used, establish a c'ommon

ground

between

the

7D11 and

the

associated

equipment.

The

common

ground

provided

by

line

cords

is

usually

inadequate. If interference

is

excessive

with

unshielded

leads, use a coaxial cable

or

probe.

A signal can also be

routed

to

the

7D

11

through

an

amplifier

unit

via

the

internal trigger circuitry

of

the

mainframe (7D11 installed

in

a horizontal

compartment).

This

method

of

signal

connection

minimizes

circuit

loading,

especially

when

triggering a time-base

unit

in

parallel

with

the

7D11. (NOTE:

Only

external signals can be used

with

the

Events

Start

Trigger.)

The

front-panel

output

signals, DLY'D TR

IG

OUT

and

DLY INTERVAL OUT, should be

connected

to

other

equipment

with 50-ohm coaxial cables.

The

cables should

be

terminated

in

50

ohms

to

maintain

the

rise and falltime

characteristics

of

these

signals.

Count Mode

General.

Two

basic

count

modes,

Time

and Events, can

be

performed

by

the

7D11,

as

selected

by

the

COUNT

MODE switch.

The

delay interval in

both

modes

is

selected

by

the

DELAY TIME OR EVENTS

control

and

is

read

out

on

the

CRT.

TIME

INT

CLOCK.

The

7D11

counts

precise

increments

of

time

after

the

receipt

of

a trigger.

The

TRIGGER

controls

select and

condition

the

signal

to

start

the

time

delay.

Accuracy

in

this

mode

is

determined

by an

internal, crystal-controlled oscillator.

TIME EXT 1 MHz. This

count

mode

is

the

same

as

TIME INT CLOCK

except

the

accuracy

is

derived

from

an

external,

one-megahertz

standard.

EVENTS.

The

7D11

counts

events, periodic

or

aperiodic,

at

count

rates

to

50

megahertz.

The

EVENTS

START

TRIGGER

provides a means

of

discriminating

between

the

event

that

starts

the

delay

and

the

events

to

be

counted.

The

events

to

be

counted

are selected

and

conditioned

by

the

TRIGGER

controls.

Trigger Controls

The

input

signal may have a wide variety

of

shapes and

amplitudes,

many

of

which

are unsuitable

as

delay-initiating

triggers.

For

this reason,

these

signals are first applied

to

a

trigger

circuit

where

they

are conyerted

to

pulses

of

uniform

amplitude

and shape. This makes it possible

to

start

the

delay

with

a pulse

that

has a

constant

size,

eliminating variations

of

the

delay circuit

operation

caused

by changing

input

signals.

The

TR

IGG

ER

controls

provide

a means

to

select

the

signal source, filter

unwanted

frequencies, and

start

the

delay

at

any

voltage level

on

either

slope

of

the

waveform.

Triggered

Light

The

TR

IG'D light provides a

convenient

indication

of

the

Trigger

circuit

condition.

If

the

TRIGGER

controls

are

correctly

set and an

adequate

signal

is

applied,

the

TRIG'D

light

is

on.

If

the

TRIG'D

light

is

off,

no delay interval

is

started.

The

cause might be an incorrectly set TR I

GG

ER

control,

low signal

amplitude,

or

a signal

repetition

rate

outside

the

usable

frequency

range.

This

feature

can be

used as a general indication

of

correct

triggering

when

there

is

no

display

on

the

CRT.

The

Delay Interval Pedestal and

Z-Axis Blanking displays also aid in

obtaining

correct

TR I

GG

ER

control

settings. See

the

discussion

of

these

features

under

Output

Signals

to

Mainframe for

further

information.

NOTE

When

the 7D11

is

used

in the EVENTS

count

mode,

the EVENTS

START

TRIGGER affects the

output

of

the Trigger

circuit

but

has

no effect on the

TRIG'D light.

Trigger Coupling

The

TRIGGER

push

buttons

located below

the

COUP-

LING

title

select

the

method

in which

the

input

signal

is

connected

to

the

Trigger circuit. Each position permits

selection

or

rejection

of

various

frequency

components

of

the

signal used

to

trigger

the

delay start.

AC.

In

this

position

of

the

COUPLING switch,

the

DC

component

of

the

input

signal

is

blocked. Signals with

low-frequency

components

below

about

30

hertz

are

attenuated.

In general, AC COUPLI

NG

can be used for

most

applications. However,

if

the

signal

contains

unwanted

frequency

components

or

if

the

delay

is

to

be triggered

at

a

low

repetition

rate

or

DC level,

one

of

the

other

switch

positions will provide

better

results.

'-4

REV.

JAN

1974

®I

The

triggering

point

in

the

AC

position

depends

upon

the

average voltage level

of

the

input

signal. If

the

input

signal

occurs

randomly,

the

average voltage level will vary,

causing

the

triggering

point

to

vary also.

This

shift

of

the

triggering

point

may

be

enough

so it

is

impossible

to

maintain

a

stable

delay

start;

in

such

cases, use DC

coupling.

AC

LF

REJ.

In

this

positIOn, DC

is

rejected

and

low-frequency

input

signals

below

about

30

kilohertz

are

attenuated.

Therefore,

the

delay

is

triggered

only

by

the

higher-frequency

components

of

the

input

signal.

The

AC

LF REJ

position

is

particularly

useful

for

providing

stable

triggering if

the

input

signal

contains

line-frequency

components.

AC

HF

REJ.

This

COUPLING

switch

position

passes

all

low-frequency

signals

between

about

30

hertz

and

50

kilohertz.

DC

is

rejected

and

signals above

50

kilohertz

are

attenuated.

This

position

is

useful

to

trigger

the

delay

from

the

low-frequency

components

of

a

complex

waveform.

DC.

The

DC positIOn can be used

to

provide

stable

triggering

from

low-frequency

or

low-repetition-rate

signals

which

would

be

attenuated

in

other

modes.

It

can

also

be

used

to

trigger

the

delay

when

the

input

signal

reaches

a DC

level

selected

by

the

setting

of

the

SLOPE/LEVEL

control.

When triggering

from

the

internal

source,

the

setting

of

the

vertical

unit

position

control(s)

affects

the

DC triggering

point.

Trigger Source

The

TRIGGER

push

buttons

located

below

the

SOURCE

title select

the

source

of

the

signal

connected

to

the

Trigger

circuit.

INT. In

this

position,

the

input

signal

is

derived

from

the

associated vertical

unit.

Therefore,

the

7D11

must

be

installed

in

a

horizontal

compartment

to

use

the

internal

source.

Further

selection

of

the

internal signal

may

be

provided

by

the

vertical

unit

and

mainframe;

see

the

instruction

manuals

for

these

instruments

for

further

information.

LINE. In

this

SOURCE

switch

position,

a

sample

of

the

power-line voltage

from

the

mainframe

is

connected

to

the

Trigger

circuit.

Line triggering

is

useful

when

the

input

signal

is

time

or

submultiple)

to

the

line

frequency.

It

is

also useful

for

providing

stable

triggering

from

a line-frequency

component

in

a

complex

waveform.

Operating Instructions-7D11 Operators

EXT. A signal

connected

to

the

EXT

TRIG

IN

connector

can be used

to

trigger

the

delay

in

the

EXT

position

of

the

SOURCE

switch.

An

external

signal

can

be

used

to

provide a trigger

when

the

internal signal ampl

itude

is

too

low.

EXT

+10.

Operation

in

this

position

is

the

same

as

described

for

EXT

except

the

external

signal

is

attenuated

10

times.

Attenuation

of

high-amplitude

signals

is

desirable

to

extend

the

range

of

the

LEVEL

control.

Trigger Slope/Level

The

TRIGGER

SLOPE/LEVEL

controls

determine

the

slope

and

voltage level

of

the

input

signal

where

the

Trigger

circuit

responds.

Generally,

the

best

point

on

a

waveform

for

triggering

the

delay

is

where

the

slope

is

steep,

and

therefore

usually free

of

noise. Assuming a sine-wave

input

waveform,

the

steepest

slope

occurs

at

the

zero-crossing

point.

This

is

the

point

selected

for

triggering

when

the

LEVEL

control

is

set

to

0

(center).

A

more

positive

or

negative

point

on

the

waveform

is

selected as

the

LEVEL

control

is

rotated

clockwise

or

counterclockwise

respec-

tively

from

0

(towards

+

or

-

symbols

on

panel).

Before

setting

the

TRIGGER

LEVEL,

the

desired

SLOPE,

MODE,

COUPLING,

and

SOURCE

should

be

selected.

Then

adjust

the

LEVEL

control

so

the

delay

starts

from

the

desired

point.

Events

Start

Trigger

The

Events

Start

Trigger

is

used

in

the

EVENTS

count

mode

to

differentiate

between

the

event

that

starts

the

delay

and

the

events

being

counted.

The

EVENTS

START

TRIG

IN

connector

provides

the

input

to

the

events-start

signal.

The

EVENTS

START

TRIGGER

SLOPE

and

LEVEL

controls

select

the

ampli-

tude

point

and

slope

on

the

input

signal

where

the

delay

is

triggered.

Generally,

the

best

point

on

a

waveform

for

triggering

the

delay

is

where

the

slope

is

steep,

and

therefore

usually

free

of

noise. Assuming a sine-wave

input

waveform,

the

steepest

slope

occurs

at

the

zero-crossing

point.

This

is

the

point

selected

for

triggering

when

the

LEVEL

control

is

set

to

0

(center).

A

more

positive

or

negative

point

on

the

waveform

is

selected as

the

LEVEL

control

is

rotated

clockwise

or

counterclockwise

respectively

from

0

(towards

+

or

-

symbols

on

panel).

®I

REV.

JAN

1974 1-5

Operating In

sttuctio

n

s-7

Dll

Operators

Delay Time

or

Events

The DELAY TIME OR EVENTS con

tr

ol selects

the

digital delay time in the

TI

ME

count

mode,

and the

number

of events

counted

in

the

EVENTS

coun

t

mode.

The delay

time in milliseconds,

or

integer

number

of

event

s.

selected

is

displayed

on

the CRT readout.

Th

is

control is a sPfing-r

eturn·to-center

contro

l

that

increases or

decr

eases

the

count

at

which a del

ayed

pulse

wi

ll

occ

ur.

Th

e dire

ction

of

rotation

determines

whether

the co

unt

is

increased

or

decreased.

Th

e rate

at

which

the

count

increments

is

det

ermined

by

th

e magnitude

of

rotation. After

either

extreme

of

the

range is reach

ed,

the

sta

rts

from

th

e

other

end

of

the

range. F

or

examp

le.

if

th

e

de

lay time

is

increased above

1000

.

0000

ms

(one seco

ndl

. the

cou

nt

w

ill

go to 0.

00

01

ms

. Conversely.

if

the delay time

is

decreased past 0.0001 ms.

the

count

wi

ll

go to 1000.0000

ms

.

Fine Delav

Th

e FI

NE

DELAY (nsl dial

selecn

analog delay time

from zero

to

100

nanoseconds in

the

TI

ME

count

mode

.

This

on

e'

turn

control

provides

added

resolution

to

the

digital delay time selected

by

th

e

DE

L

AY

TIME OR

EVENTS

control.

The

delay time selected by the FINE

DEL

AY

(nsl dial

is

read from the calibrated knob as the

analog delay time

is

not

read

ou

t

on

lh

e CRT. Each

minor

division on the d

ia

l represents

two

nanoseconds.

8 Sweep Delay

Mo

de

The B SWEEP DELAY MODE switch permits the

70

11

.

under specific conditions, to

se

l

ect

the delay mode

of

a

compatible

time·base unit. To use this feature. the 7

011

is

insta

ll

ed

in

th

e A Hor

iz

ontal

compartment

and

the time-

base in the B Horizontal co

mpartm

enl of a four·plug.in

mainframe. With this arrangeme

nt

,

the

time·base

unit

can

be

cont

rolled thr

ou

gh

the

mainframe i

nt

erlace.

Some

dual

lime-base

un

its are

not

com

pat

ible

wi

th

this

feature; see

the

time-base

unit

in

struc

tion manual for

further

i

nfo

rmation.

INDEPENDENT.

The

70

11

and

th

e time-base

un

it

operate

indepen

den

tly_

B

STARTS

AFTER

DELAY.

Th

e time·base unit pro,

duces a sweep immediately fa

ll

owing the

se

le

cted

de

lay

inte

rval. This provides

the

same mode

of

operation

as

triggering the time·base unit

wit

h

the

delayed trigger

output.

1-6

B TRIGGERABLE

AFTER

DELAY.

The

time·base

un

it

produce

s a sweep

after

the

first Irigger pul

se

is

rece

ive

d

fo

ll

ow

ing the

se

l

ecte

d delay interva

l.

This

mode

of

ope

ra-

tion provides II

stab

le

display of a signal having time

jitt

er.

Precision time measur

ements

cannot

be made in this

mode

because

the

actual delay time is only pa

rt

ia

ll

y d

epe

nden

t

on

the

delay i

nt

erval

of

the

7

011

.

OUTPUT

SI

GNALS

Fr

ont-

Pan

el

Output

Signals

General.

The

Delay

Int

erval and Delayed

Tr

igger

out-

puts

are available

at

th

e f

ron

t-p

ane

l DLY INTERVAL

OUT

and DLY'O

TRIG

OUT

connectors

respectively.

Th

ese

ou

tpu

ts can be used

to

control o

th

er e

qu

ipment

during or

immediately fo

ll

ow

i

ng

the

de

lay interva

l.

To maintain

the

rise

an

d

fa

lltime characteris

ti

cs

at

these s

ig

nals,

connection

to

other

eq

uipment

should

be

made with 5O-ohm coaxial

cable;

the

out

p

Ut

of

the

cable should

be

t

ermi

nated in

50

ohms.

OlY

IN

TERVAL OUT.

Th

is

o

utp

ut

is

a

po

siti

ve-g

oing,

rectangular wavef

orm

coincident with the generated delay

interval. In time

mo

de DLY INTERVAL

OUT

is

approxi-

mat

ely 20-30 ns s

hort

er than indicated delay time because

of internal propagati

on

delays

and

trigger recognition time.

In

the

eve

nt

mode

. the

Dl

Y INTERVAL OUT

is

within

30

os

of

actual delay.

usually'"

10

ns.

DLY'D

TRIG

OUT

. This signal

is

generated

as

a

positive-going rectangular pulse coincident with

th

e

end

of

the delay interval.

The

fr

o

nt

-panel

ou

tput

sig

nals are sh

own

in Fig 1-3,

along

with

the

input

signal.

Th

e

input

signal, Fig. 1

-3

(AI

,

is

compr

ised of one- and

ten

-microseco

nd

time markers. The

7011

is set for a

0.OO

38

-millisecond

de

lay time

after

trigge ring on the ten·microsecond markers. The resul

tant

De

lay Interval and Delayed Trigge r

ou

tputs

are sh

own

in

Fig. 1-3(BI

and

(CI. respectively.

Th

e characteristics of

these

output

Sign

als are given in the Specification section.

.

,.

..

. ' .... .

.....

.. ..

A

B

c

•

Fig. ' ·3. Di$Plav

ohowif'l{l

ti

me

,eI..

tion$h

ip of :

(A

) In

put

sienal

10 the

tro

nl ·p

enel

. IB) DI IIV

101

8<"

..

1, a

nd

Ie)

DellVI'd Trig

ge.

ou

tp

uts

.

REV

B,

SfP

1978

Output

Signals

to

Mainframe

General. Signal o

utputs

are provided

to

the

mainframe

via

the

interface

connec

tor. The foHowing discussion

describes these signals and

the

operating conditions neces·

sary for their use.

Delay·

lnt

e

rv

al Pedestal. This

output

provides an

on

·

screen display of

the

approximate

delay interval.

To

view

the pedestal display,

the

701

1 must be installed in a

vertical plug·in

compart

ment

and be selected by

the

mainframe

Ve

rt

ical

Mode switch. The position

of

this

di

splay is fixed near the vertical

center

of

the

graticule area.

The Delay·lnterval Pedestal display is shown in Fig. 1·4 (A).

The input signa

l,

shown in Fig. ,·4 (B),

is

comprised of

one·

and ten-microsecond time

ma

rkers. The

7011

is

set to

trigger on

the

ten-microsecond markers, and

to

generate a

O.0038·millisecond delay time.

Delayed Trigger. The Delayed

Tr

igger o

utput

provides an

internal Delayed Trigger source for a time-base unit. A

ti

me

-base

unit

can be triggered from

the

Delay Trigger

when

the

7

011

is

in a vertical

compartment

. To use this

output,

the

7011

must

be selected

by

the

approp

riate

trigger source switch (mainframe

).

Z·Axis

Bl

anking. Z-ax

is

blanking provides an on·screen

display

of

the

approximate

delay interval. This

is

ac-

complished by blanking

out

the

CA

T display during

the

delay interval. Z-axis blanking can

be

ob

tained with

the

70

11

insta

ll

ed in any plug·in

compartment

. The Z-axis

blanking display

is

se

lected by a slide switch located inside

the

unit

(on the left side; see Fig. 1·6).

A

8 " '

I

I •

oj

Fig. ' ·4. Waveform

di

s

play

of

:

tAl

D

elay

Intervill Pedestill; IB)

I

nput

signal.

Operating Inst

ructions-701T

Opera

tor

s

.

..

. .. .

...

.-..

....

.

.'

.

..

.. ..

..

...

....

I

>1"

oj

A.

7Dlltr

i9!le

red

in

cor

r

ec

lly.

I",,,,

' ,

•

...

I

I >.

oj

B.

7011

Iri9!lered

COrr"l

l

y.

Fig. 1·

5.

Use of

Delay

·

lnt

ervill

Pede

sta

l display

to

indi~

t

e:

tAl

IrI(;

o

r,

lct

t,iggering, lind; (BI

co

rrect

t,i9\l

er

ing.

• • • • •

• • • a •

z..A,.i,

Blanking

D;sp

liIY

Switch

Fig. ' ·6 . L

oca

t

ion

of

Z·

A,dl

Blanking Display

switch

Ion l

aft

side

of

unill.

Th

lt

switc

h

po

si

tion

toward

s thlt

rear

of

th

lt

unit

S

II""

Z·aKis bl

.r

,king

.

®1

REV

.

JAN

1974 ,·7

ArtekMedia

Digitally signed by ArtekMedia

DN: cn=ArtekMedia, o=ArtekMedia.com, ou,

[email protected], c=US

Date: 2008.11.30 10:06:11 -06'00'

Operati

ng

Ins

tru

ctions- 7

0ll

Oper

ato

r,

NOTE

At

faster sweep

speeds

(700

ns/div

or faster)

ca

re

must be

take"

when interpreting

CRT

display because

relative propagation d

el

ays through the

70

11 and

vertical

amplifier

plug·ins are

not

the

sam

e. This

appe

ars

as

a relative time

shift

between delay interval

pedes

ta

l or Z·axis blanking generated

by

the

7071

and the signal(s) viewed

thr

ough tI

ve

rti

cal

amplifier

on the CRT. Changing the TRIG SOURCE between

INT

and

EXT

or

EXT

.;.

10 will vary this apparent

time

shift

due to differen

ces

in

propagation delays

of

the signal parh.

OP

ERA

TIN

G MODES

Sweep

De

lay

Th

e

7Dl

1 can be used

to

delay the s

tart

of

a sweep for a

selected time inter

val

fo

llowing

the

recei

pt

of

a Irigger.

Low-

jitter

sweep delay can be used for accurate time, jitter,

and stability measurements. Sweep delay can also

be

used

to

se

lect a portion of a

com

plex signal for display. A sweep

is

delayed by triggering the

SWEep

from the Delayed Trigg

er

o

utput

of the

70

11

,

rather

than

from

the

signal

to

be

displayed. Sever

al

methods

of

coupling

the

Oelaved Trigger

to

the

sweep are possible, depending

on

the

app

lication.

The

se

met

h

ods

are described

in

the

following discussions.

B Sweep Delay Mode Switch. The s

weep

produced

by

a

time·base unit can be controlled and delayed by a

7011

via

the

mainframe interface and

the

B SWEEP DELAY MODE

switch. To use this mode of sweep delay,

the

70

11

must

be

installed in the A Horizontal compartment and

the

time·

base unit in the B Horizontal

compa

rt

ment

of

a four·plug·in

mainframe.

For

further

information, see B

Sweep

Delay

Mode.

NOTE

The

lo

gic levels

provided

to the

70"

from

the

mainf

rame are designed to con

trol

a time·base

uni

t

delaying

sweep.

For

this reason, the

7011

mi

ght

become locked

ou

t (no

output

) when the

se

tting

of

either

the 8·Sweep

unit

Time/Division switch

or

the

8

SWE

EP

OELA

Y MODE switch is changed.

If

this

occurs, a dclayed sweep

will

not

be

produced.

To

reset the

70

11

, set the 8

SWE

EP

DELAY

MODE

swit

ch

first to

INDEPE

NDEN

T, then select the

desired delay mode.

Internal Tri

gge

r. The sweep produced by a time·base

unit

In

a horizontal

compartment

can

be

internally

triggered from a

70

11

in a

ve

rtical

compartment.

To use

th

is

sweep delay mode, the

7011

must

be

se

lccted by the

mainf

rame trigger source switch. Del

ay

ing a time·ba

se

sweep from the internal source can be used with the units

installed

in

either

a three-

or

four-plug-in mainframe.

External Tr

igge

r Source. A sweep can be delayed

by

external triggering

from

the

DLY'D TRIG OUT

connecto

r.

Th

is

method can be used

wi

th any triggered sweep.

Echo

De

lay Time Mode

T

he

E

cho

delay time mode provides a CRT read

out

of

the

"one

-w

ay-trip"

time,

or

one-halt

of

the

generated

delay time.

Th

is

mode of

operation

is selected for use by

an

internal switch (on

le

ft

side of unit, see

Fi

g.

1·7). In the

Echo mode, the delay time

is

selected by

the

DELAY TIME

OR EVENTS

control

in 200-nanosecond increment

s.

An

insertion delay

of

about

160

nanoseconds in this

mode

requires adding analog delay time

to

the first

de

la

y

incr

ement

to

obtain

a

200

-nanoseco

nd

delay interval. This

can be

accom

plished by displaying

the

DELAY INTERVAL

OUT and setting the FI

NE

DELAY dial f

or

a

tota

l delay

interval

of

200

nanoseconds as measured

on

the

graticule.

•

Fig. 1·7 . L

oution

of

Normill·

Ec

ho DlIl

il

'"

Tim8 M

ode

swilch

Ion

le

ll

si

de of unit

'.

S8

1

th

e

switch

tow8

r

d,

the

front

of

thl

unit

to

sel

ect

N

orma

l

Mode

.

' ·8

REV

. JAN 1974

@;

I

'--

APPLICATIONS

General

The

following information describes

the

procedures and

techniques

for making measurements using a

7Dll

Digital

Delay unit. These applications are

not

described

in

detail,

since each application

must

be

adapted

to

the requirements

of

the

individual measurement. This

instrument

can also be

used for many applications which are

not

described

in

this

manual.

Contact

your

local TEKTRON IX Field Office

or

representative for assistance

in

making specific measure-

ments with this instrument.

Delayed-Sweep Time Measurements

The

7Dll

can

be used

to

delay

the

start

of

a sweep

to

make accurate time measurements. The following pro-

cedure describes

one

method

of

determining the time

difference

between

two

pulses displayed

on

the

same trace.

This application can also be used

to

measure time

difference between

two

signal sources

or

to

measure

the

time

duration

of

a single pulse.

Other

methods

of

delayed-

sweep time measurements with

the

7Dll

are described

under

General Operating Information.

1. Within

the

7Dll,

set

the

Z-Axis switch

to

Z

to

select

the

Z-Axis Blanking display.

2. Install

the

7Dll,

time-base unit, and amplifier

unit

in

the A Horizontal, B Horizontal, and vertical

compartments

respectively

of

a four-plug-in mainframe.

3.

Connect

the

signal

to

be

measured

to

the amplifier

unit.

4.

Set

both

the

7Dll

and

time-base

unit

to

trigger from

the signal source.

5.

Set

the

7Dll

for TIME

INTCLOCKoperation

in

the

INDEPENDENT mode.

6.

Set

the

time-base

unit

sweep rate

to

view several

cycles

of

the

applied signal.

7. Set

the

7Dll

TRIGGER

controls

to

trigger

the

delay

start.

The

TRIG'D

indicator will light

when

a trigger

is

being produced.

®

Operating

Instructions-7D11

Operators

8.

Turn

the

DELAY TIME OR EVENTS

control

clock-

wise

to

produce a blanked display.

Set

this

control

to

position

the

blanked portion

to

the

left

of

the

first pulse.

9.

Set

the

7Dll

B SWEEP DELAY MODE switch

to

B

STARTS

AFTER

DELAY.

10.

Set

the

time-base

unit

for

a sweep rate 100 times

faster

than

its original sweep rate.

11.

Set

the DELAY TIME OR EVENTS

and

FINE

DELAY

controls

to

move

the

first pulse

to

the

center

vertical line. Note

the

total delay time read

out

on

the

CRT

and

the

FINE DELAY dial.

12.

Set

the

DELAY TIME OR EVENTS and FINE

DELAY

controls

to

position

the

second pulse

to

the

same

point.

Again

note

the

total

delay time.

13.

Subtract

the

first delay time reading from the

second. This gives

the

time interval between pulses.

Displaying Complex Signals With Delayed Sweep

Complex signals

often

consist

of

a

number

of

individual

events

of

differing amplitudes. Since

the

time-base trigger

circuits are sensitive

only

to

changes

in

signal amplitude, a

stable display can normally be

obtained

only

when

the

sweep

is

triggered by

the

event(s) having the greatest

amplitude. However, this may

not

produce

the

desired

display

of

a lower

amplitude

event

which follows the

triggering event.

The

7Dll

provides a means

of

delaying the

start

of

the

sweep by a selected

amount

following the event

which triggers

the

7D11.

Then,

the

part

of

the

waveform

which contains the information

of

interest can be

displayed. The following procedure describes

one

method

of

using

the

7Dll

to

display

complex

signals.

1.

Within

the

7Dll,

set

the

Z-Axis switch

to

Z

to

select

the

Z-Axis Blanking display.

2. Install

the

7Dll,

time-base unit, and amplifier

unit

in

the

A Horizontal, B Horizontal, and vertical

compartments

respectively

of

a four-plug-in mainframe.

3.

Connect

the

signal

to

be measured

to

the

amplifier

unit.

1-9

Operating Instructions-

10T1

Operator

s

4. Set

the

7011

and

the

lime·

ba

se unit to trigger

fr

om

the

si

gnal source.

5. Set the

7011

for

TI

ME

INT CLOCK

operation

in

the

INDEPENDENT mode.

I"

1m'

..

I

...

. .

...

....,... ....

I··

··

,..

..

.

1

A r

lllll,'

h

..

,\III

•'

11/

~

F'

."

.. ..

.

..

I

··

E··.

..

. I H .

...

,...

..

a

"'"

I..

1m'

..

~

...

..-

...

I,

...

.

I .. .. ...1 .

..

B

~

.

..... ·1··· ." I · · ... . ....

...

los

"

...

DHlav

In

terva

l

..

1m'

iN

I .

...

....

...

..

..... .. .

..

,

c r r

p I

;':;'

;

H IF

--'

t-'

l I

,....

..

...

..

.. .. ..

....

.. ..

.... ..

los

"

'"

F ig . 1·8 . (

A1

The

circled

portio"

of

this

d,splay

canno

t

be

viewed

at

11

I

Ule

r

sweep

r

ate

; (B)

Display

blellked

duri"g

delav

i" tltrval:

Ie)

Area

of

Inlerest

displaVed

al

l

as

t

er

sweep

r

ate.

1·

10

6. Set

the

time·base

unit

to

view several cycles of the

applied signal.

7.

Set the

7011

TRI GGER controls

to

trigger the delay

start

. The TRIG'O indicator will light when a trigger is

being produced.

8.

Turn

the

DE

LA

Y TIME OR EVENTS control

cl

ock·

wise

to

blank

that

port

ion

of

the display preceding

th

e area

of interest. T

he

bla

nk

ed

port

ion

of

the display repre

se

nts

the

delay interval.

9. Set the B SWEEP DELAY MODE switch

to

B

STARTS

AFTER

DELAY. Set

the

time·base

10

a sweep

rate which displays the area

of

interest.

Exampl

e.

Fig. " S(A) shows a complex

wa

veform as

displayed

on

the CRT. The circled

por

tion of

the

waveform

ca

nnot

be viewed in any greater detail because

th

e sweep

is

triggered by the larger amplitude pulses at the

start

of

the

display; a faster sweep

rat

e moves this area

of

the waveform

off

the viewing area. Fig. , ·

B(B)

shows

the

display blanked

out

during

the

delay inte

rval

(delay interval

is

area between

the arrow

s)

. Fig. ' ·

B(C)

sho

ws

the

sweep triggered after

th

e

delay at a faster sw

eep

rate to display the area of inte

re

st.

Pu

l

se

Jitter

Meas

urements

In some applications, it

is

necessary

to

measure

th

e

amount

of

j

itter

on

the leading edge

01

a pulse,

or

jitt

er

between pulses.

U

se

th

e following procedure:

1. Install an amplif

ie

r unit and

th

e 7

011

in the

ve

rtical

co

mpartment

s

of

a main

fr

ame. Install a time·ba

se

un

it in a

horizo

nt

al c

omp

art

me

nt.

2. Set the malnfr<lme

lor

a dual·trace vertic

al

display

mod

e.

3. Connect the signal to the amplifier unit and

to

the

7

011

EXT TRIG IN

co

nn

ecto

r.

4. Set the time·base

un

it to trigger

on

th

e applied signal

at a sweep rate which d

is

plays

th

e

comp

l

ete

waveform.

®

5. Set

th

e

70

11

for TI

ME

INT CLOCK

count

mode.

Set

the TR IGGER SOURCE

to

EXT.

Set

th

e

TRIGGER

LE

VE

L

contro

l f

or

a trigger

ed

condition as indicated

by

the

TRIG'O

indicator light.

6. Set the DELAY

TI

ME

OR EVENTS control

to

se

l

ect

a delay

in

terval which ends just before the pul

se

to

be

measured,

7. Connect the

Ol

Y'D

TR

IG OUT to

the

time·base

external trigger input.

Set

the tim

e·baw

to

trigger Irom the

external source.

8.

Set the time·base u

nit

for a sweep rate wh

ic

h displays

just

the

pulse

or

leading e

dg

e

to

00 measured.

9.

Pulse j

itt

er

is shown by horizontal movement

of

the

pulse (take into

account

inherent j

itter

of

7D

l1).

Measure

the

amount

o f horizont

al

mov

ement

directly

fr

om

the

CR

T

graticul

e.

<ill

Operating In5

truction

s-

701

1 Operators

Example. Assume

the

h

orizonta

l movement is 0.2

di

Vis

ion at a 200'nanosecond sweep r

ate

(see Fig. ' ·9). The

amount

of

pul

se

jitler

is

then 0.2 X

200

nanoseconds "

40

nanoseconds.

-

.

....

I

..

-

f--

Jittet"

Fig

. , ·9 . Meps

oring

pois

e

jitt

er.

1-

11

I

'---

Section

2-7011

Operators

SPECIFICATION

Introduction

The

electrical characteristics listed

in

Table

2-1

are valid over the stated environmental range for instruments calibrated

at

an ambient temperature of +20°C

to

+30°C, and after a 20-minute warmup unless otherwise stated_

TABLE 2-1

ELECTRICAL

TIME DELAY

Digital

Delay-Selected

by

front-panel DELAY TIME OR EVENTS

control.

Range

is

100

nanoseconds

to

one

second in

100-nanosecond increments in Normal

mode;

200

nanoseconds

to

two

seconds in 200-nanosecond increments in Echo

mode.

Normal/Echo

modes

are selected

by

internal Mode switch.

Analog

Delay-Selected

by

front-panel FINE DELAY (ns)

control.

Range

is

continuously

variable

from

zero

to

at

least

100

nanoseconds; accuracy

is

within

two

nanoseconds

of

indicated

delay

time;

resolution

is

one

nanosecond

or

less.

Jitter

with

Internal

Clock-2.2

nanoseconds

or

(delay

time

X

10-

7),

whichever is greater.

Insertion Delay in Normal

Mode-Zero

within

two

nanoseconds.

Insertion Delay in Echo

Mode-Less

than

160

nanoseconds.

adjustable

to

200

nanoseconds

within

four nanoseconds

with

FINE DELAY dial.

Recycle

Time-Not

greater

than

575

nanoseconds.

Time

Base-500-megahertz

oscillator, phase locked

to

internal

or

external

clock,

as selected

by

COUNT MODE switch. Internal

clock (TIME INT CLOCK) is a five-megahertz crystal oscillator.

Accuracy

is

within

0.5

part

per

million

from

O°C

to

+50°C;

long-term

drift

is

one

part

or

less in 107

per

month.

External clock (TIME EXT 1 MHz) requires a one-megahertz

signal applied

to

EXT 1 MHz

IN

connector_

Input

requirements

are:

Frequency,

one

megahertz within 1%

to

insure phase lock

of

500-megahertz oscillator;

amplitude.

at

least

400

millivolts RMS

sinewave

or

pulse

with

10%

to

90%

duty

cycle. AC

input

coupling.

Input

impedance

is

50

ohms

±2%. Maximum

input

voltege

is

5 volts RMS (DC + peak AC

must

not

excead

500

volts).

TRIGGERING

Source-Selected

by

front-panel SOURCE switch.

INT

-Internal

from

associated vertical unit

(7011

installed in

horizontal

compartment).

LINE-Internal

from

power

source (AC).

TRIGGERING

(conti

EXT

-External

from front-panel EXT TR

IG

IN

connector.

EXT +

10-External

divide

by

ten (10X

input

signal

attenuation)

•

Coupling-Selected

by

front-panel COUPLING switch.

AC-Capacitive

coupling_

AC LF

REJ-Capacitive

coupling, low-frequency reject.

AC HF

REJ-Capacitive

coupling. high-frequency reject.

DC-Direct

coupling.

Polarity-Selected

by

front-panel

TRIGGER

LEVEL/SLOPE

control.

Time

delay

can

be

triggered

from

positivelloing

or

negativelloing

portion

of

trigger signal.

Internal Trigger Sensitivity!

AC-0.3

division

of

deflection.

minimum.

30

hertz

to

10

megahertz; increasing

to

1.0

division

at

50

megahertz.

AC LF

REJ-0.3

division

of

deflection.

minimum.

30

kilohertz

to

10

megahertz; increasing

to

1.0

division

at

50

megahertz.

Will

not

trigger

on

sinewaves

of

threa

divisions

or

less below

120

hertz.

AC HF

REJ-0.3

division

of

deflection.

minimum.

30

hertz

to

50

kilohertz.

DC-0.3

division

of

deflection.

minimum.

DC

to

10

megahertz;

increasing

to

1_0

division

at

50

megahertz.

Slope-0.5

volt/nanosecond

or

greater

for

specified

jitter

and

accuracy; slower risetime signals will trigger

the

instrument

with

reduced accuracy and increased

jitter.

External Trigger Sensitivity (SOURCE switch

set

to

EXT; triggering

signal

requirements

increased

10

times

for

EXT +

10

position).

AC-150

millivolts.

minimum.

30

hertz

to

10

megahertz;

increasing

to

500

millivolts

at

50

megahertz.

AC LF

REJ-150

millivolts.

minimum.

150

kilohertz

to

10

megahertz; increasing

to

500

millivolts

at

50

megahertz.

L !Triggering frequency range

is

also

affected

by

the

bandwidth

limits

of

the

vertical plug-in

unit

used.

®I

REV_

JAN

1974

2-1

Specification-7D

11

Operators

TABLE

2-1

(cont)

TRIGGERING

(cont)

AC HF

REJ-150

millivolts,

minimum,

30

hertz

to

50

kilohertz.

DC-150

millivolts,

minimum,

DC

to

10

megahertz; increasing

to

500

millivolts

at

50

megahertz.

External Trigger

Input

Maximum

Input

Voltage-500

volts (DC +

peak

AC),

500

volts

peak·to·peak

AC

at

1 kHz

or

less.

Input

Resistance-One

megohm

within

2%.

Input

Capacitance-20

picofarads

within

two

picofarads.

LEVEL

Range-At

least +1.75 volts

to

-1.75

volts in EXT,

at

least +17.5 volts

to

-17.5

volts in EXT

-;-

10.

EVENTS DELAY

Delay

Range-One

to

10

7 events.

Delay

Increment-One

event.

Insertion

Delay-35

nanoseconds ± five nanoseconds.

Recycle

Time-500

nanoseconds

or less.

Maximum Events

Frequency-50

megahertz

or

greater.

Events

Start

Triggering

Source-External

only

from

EVENTS

START

TRIG

IN

connector.

Coupling-DC.

Maximum

Input

Voltage-150

volts (DC +

peak

AC).

Sensitivity-40

millivolts,

minimum,

30

hertz

to

four

megahertz;

increasing

to

100

millivolts,

four

megahertz

to

20

megahertz;

increasing

to

250

millivolts,

20

megahertz

to

50

megahertz.

Input

Resistance-Approximately

one

megohm

TABLE

2-2

ENVIRONMENTAL

CHARACTERISTICS

Refer

to

the

Specification

for

the

associated oscilloscope.

EVENTS DELAY

(conti

Input

Capacitance-Approximately

20

picofarads

LEVEL

Range-At

least +

three

volts

to

-

three

volts.

OUTPUT

SIGNALS

Delayed

Trigger-Positivelloing,

rectangular pulse available

at

front·panel

DL

Y'D

TR

IG

OUT

connector.

Amplitude-Two

volts

or

greater

into

open

circuit;

one

volt

or

greater

into

50-ohm

load.

Risetime

with

50-Ohm

Load-Two

nanoseconds or less.

Falltime

with

50-Ohm

Load-Five

nanoseconds

or

less.

Pulse

Width-200

to

250

nanoseconds.

Delay

Interval-Positivelloing,

rectangular waveform available

at

front-panel DLY

INTERVAL

OUT

connector.

Amplitude-Two

volts

or

greater

into

open

circuit;

one

volt or

greater

into

50-ohm

load.

Rise

and

Falltime

with

50-Ohm

Load-Five

nanoseconds

or

less.

Accuracy-Delay

interval pulse

width

is

equal

to

the

generated

Events Delay

within

30

nanoseconds

and

equal

to

the

generated

Time

Delay less

20

to

30

nanoseconds.

Relative Timing

of

Delayed Trigger

and

Delay Interval

Output

Signals-Leading

edge of Delayed Trigger pulse is

coincident

with

falling edge of Delay Interval pulse

within

two

nanoseconds.

Pedestal

Display-CRT

analog display

of

the

delay interval, available

when

7D11 is used in vertical

compartment.

(Pedestal Display

pulse

ends

coincident

with

Delayed Trigger

start.)

De-Intensified

Display-Signal

to

dim

CRT

display during delay

interval. (De-Intensified Display selected

by

internal switch.)

Size

Weight

TABLE

2-3

PHYSICAL

Fits all 7000-series plug-in

compartments.

2

Pounds

11

Ounces

(1219

grams)

2-2 REV. JAN

1974

Tektronix 7D11 User manual

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