uAvionix echo User manual

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UAV-1001006-001
ECCN 7A994
Installation and Pilot’s Guide

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UAV-1001006-001
ECCN 7A994
© 2018 uAvionix Corporation. All rights reserved.
uAvionix Corporation
300 Pine Needle Lane
Bigfork, MT 59911
http://www.uavionix.com
[e-mail]
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this guide may be
reproduced, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any
storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of
uAvionix. uAvionix grants permissions to download a single copy of this
guide onto an electronic storage medium to be viewed for personal use,
provided that the complete text of this copyright notice is retained.
Unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto
is strictly prohibited.
uAvionix®is a registered trademark of uAvionix Corporation, and may not
be used without express permission of uAvionix.

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1 Revision History
Revision
Date
Comments
A
2/27/2017
Initial release
B
3/6/2017
C
3/28/2017
GTX Protocol Support
D
5/25/17
Export Control
E
5/31/2017
Traffic on COM1
F
8/14/2017
Aligns with Echo Installer App Updates
G
8/17/2017
Added Garmin GTN and GRT SafeFly app notes
H
11/24/2017
Added AFS traffic app note
I
12/21/2017
Updated Apollo SL70 app note with TX setting
J
2/19/2018
echoUATmux harness/Navworx Retrofit
K
4/2/2018
Update transponder language
L
10/10/2018
Update Legacy Transponder wiring diagram C-1

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2 Warnings / Disclaimers
All device operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
Received weather and traffic information is to be used as an aid to
situational awareness, and is merely supplemental and advisory in nature.
uAvionix is not liable for damages arising from the use or misuse of this
product.
This equipment is classified by the United States Department of
Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) as Export Control
Classification Number (ECCN) 7A994.
These items are controlled by the U.S. Government and authorized for
export only to the country of ultimate destination for use by the ultimate
consignee or end-user(s) herein identified. They may not be resold,
transferred, or otherwise disposed of, to any other country or to any person
other than the authorized ultimate consignee or end-user(s), either in their
original form or after being incorporated into other items, without first
obtaining approval from the U.S. government or as otherwise authorized by
U.S. law and regulations.

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3 Limited Warranty
uAvionix products are warranted to be free from defects in material and
workmanship for one year from the of installation in the aircraft. For the
duration of the warranty period, uAvionix, at its sole option, will repair or
replace any product which fails in normal use. Such repairs or replacement
will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that
the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
Restrictions: This warranty does not apply to cosmetic damage,
consumable parts, damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse, water, fire
or flood, damage caused by unauthorized servicing, or product that has
been modified or altered.
Disclaimer of Warranty: IN NO EVENT, SHALL UAVIONIX BE LIABLE
FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR
INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE
PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE
LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Warranty Service: Warranty repair service shall be provided directly by
uAvionix. Proof of purchase for the product from uAvionix or authorized
reseller is required to obtain and better expedite warrant service.
Please email or call uAvionix with a description of the problem you are
experiencing. Also, please provide the model, serial number (if applicable),
shipping address and a daytime contact number.
You will be promptly contacted with further troubleshooting steps or return
instructions. It is recommended to use a shipping method with tracking and
insurance.

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ECCN 7A994
4 Contents
1Revision History ................................................................................. 3
2Warnings / Disclaimers....................................................................... 4
3Limited Warranty................................................................................ 5
5Introduction........................................................................................ 8
5.1 Features...................................................................................... 8
5.2 Regulatory Compliance ............................................................... 9
5.2.1 FCC Grant of Equipment Authorization .................................. 9
5.3 Interfaces ...................................................................................10
5.4 Software and Airborne Electronic Hardware Configuration..........10
5.5 Supplied Accessories .................................................................10
6Technical Specifications....................................................................12
6.1 Markings.....................................................................................12
7Equipment Limitations.......................................................................13
7.1 Installation..................................................................................13
7.1.1 Modifications and Use Outside of Intended Scope ................13
7.1.2 Deviations.............................................................................13
7.1.3 Configurable Options ............................................................13
7.1.4 Approvals..............................................................................13
7.2 Unpacking and Inspecting...........................................................13
7.3 Mounting ....................................................................................13
7.4 Connections ...............................................................................14
7.5 Connector Pin Assignments........................................................15
7.6 Cooling Requirements................................................................15
7.7 Wiring Considerations.................................................................16
7.8 Antenna Installation....................................................................17
7.8.1 Antenna................................................................................17
7.8.2 Antenna Cable......................................................................18

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8Installation Setup...............................................................................20
8.1.1 Connecting to the echoUAT via Wi-Fi....................................20
8.2 Configuration..............................................................................21
8.2.1 Control..................................................................................21
8.2.2 Aircraft Address Programming ..............................................22
8.2.3 Call Sign ...............................................................................22
8.2.4 Flight-plan ID ........................................................................22
8.2.5 CSID Logic............................................................................22
Note: CSID should always be "Enabled", unless there is a special
circumstance requiring it be set to "Disabled"....................................23
8.2.6 Anonymous Mode.................................................................23
8.2.7 Emitter Category...................................................................23
8.2.8 VFR Squawk code ................................................................23
8.2.9 ADSB-In Capability ...............................................................23
8.2.10 VSO (knots)..........................................................................24
8.2.11 Aircraft Length and Width in Meters ......................................24
8.2.12 GPS Antenna Offset..............................................................25
8.3 Installation..................................................................................25
8.3.1 Serial Port Setup...................................................................26
9Normal Operation..............................................................................27
9.1 Electronic Flight Bag Application.................................................27
10 Environmental Qualification Forms....................................................29

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UAV-1001006-001
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!
5 Introduction
The echoUAT is a remotely mounted ADS-B transceiver that incorporates a
dual-link (1090 MHz and 978 MHz) receiver and 978 MHz UAT Class B1S
transmitter. An internal power transcoder detects altitude, ident and
squawk codes from older-style Mode C or Mode S transponders by
decoding the replies via the aircraft electrical system. No additional wiring
to the transponder is required. The echoUAT has integrated Wi-Fi support
to interface with most EFB applications, and integrates with a wide variety
of existing EFIS systems. For use with either the SKYFYX GPS source or
with an existing rule compliant GPS source.
It is designed to meet the performance requirements of TSO-C154c, and is
compliant with FAR 91.225 and FAR 91.227 for operation in the National
Airspace System.
The system is for use in Experimental and LSA aircraft only.
5.1 Features
The echoUAT performs the following functions:
•UAT transmission (978 MHz)
oTransmits ADS-B Out data on the 978 MHz frequency.
oOptional Anonymous Mode with 1200 VFR squawk code.
•UAT reception (978 MHz)
oReceives ADS-B In data from other UAT transmitters, including
aircraft, vehicles, and ground stations. This includes ADS-B,
ADS-R, TIS-B and FIS-B data.
•1090ES reception (1090 MHz)
oReceives ADS-B In data from aircraft equipped with 1090 MHz
Extended Squitter transmitters.
•Transponder interface

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oThe power transcoder allows monitoring of existing Mode C, or
Mode S transponders via the aircraft electrical system.
oDirect serial connection for direct-wire transponders or EFIS
integration.
•Traffic correlation
oTraffic information from both UAT and 1090ES are correlated to
provide a coherent view of nearby aircraft.
•GDL 90 output
oTraffic and FIS-B data is translated to standard GDL 90 format.
•Wi-Fi EFB connection
oThe GDL 90 data is transmitted over the built-in Wi-Fi interface
for reception by standards compliant Electronic Flight Bag
(EFB) applications.
5.2 Regulatory Compliance
The echoUAT meets the Minimum Operational Performance Standards of
DO-282B Class B1S, and meets the performance requirements of TSO-
C154c. It complies with the ADS-B Final Rule Technical Amendment,
dated 2/9/2015, affecting 14 CFR 91.225 (b)(1)(ii) which permits ADS-B
Out in the National Airspace System for devices meeting the performance
requirements of TSO-C154c. Accordingly, when installed in accordance
with the installation instructions of this guide, the device complies with the
aircraft requirements of 14 CFR 91.227.
(Per the February 9, 2015 rule change to 14 CFR 91.225 (b)(1)(ii))
(A letter of authorization from the aircraft manufacturer is needed for installation in LSA
aircraft)
5.2.1 FCC Grant of Equipment Authorization
This equipment has been issued an FCC Grant of Equipment
Authorization.
The equipment contains FCC ID 2AFFTUAT016 and is marked on the
equipment nameplate.
The equipment also contains FCC ID 2ADUIESP-12 and is marked on the
equipment nameplate.

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5.3 Interfaces
The echoUAT has a single SMA antenna connection, a 6-pin Host interface
and an integrated Wi-Fi adapter.
Interface
Specification
Devices
COM1
Setup
Mode, Altitude, Squawk,
Ident
GPS Position
Dynon, MGL, GRT,
AFS, Garmin,
Sandia, Apollo
COM2 RX
GPS Position
SKYFYX, Garmin
WAAS, Accord
Micro-i
COM2 TX
ADS-B Traffic
ADS-B Uplink Services
MGL, GRT, AFS
Wi-Fi
Setup
ADS-B Traffic
ADS-B Uplink Services
iPad, Android
5.4 Software and Airborne Electronic Hardware
Configuration.
Part
Part Number
Revision
Software
UAV-1001007-001
A
Airborne Electronic Hardware
UAV-1001008-001
A
5.5 Supplied Accessories
Part
Part Number
Revision
echoUAT
UAV-1000957-001
A
SMA-BNC Adapter
UAV-1001011-001
Wiring Harness
UAV-1001010-001
Monopole Antenna
UAV-1001009-001
A
echoUAT User Manual
UAV-1001006-001
H

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UAV-1001006-001
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6 Technical Specifications
Specification
Characteristics
Compliance
Meets the performance requirements of TSO-C154c
FCC ID
2AFFTUAT016
FAA Transmit
License
Manned and un-manned aircraft.
Software
RTCA DO-178B Level C
Hardware
RTCA DO-254 Level C
Power
Requirements
11 –33VDC. Typical 2W On/Alt, 0.1W Standby
DO-160G Category Z
Altitude
18,000ft
Operating
Temperature
-45°C to +70°C
Humidity
Tested to Category DO-160G Category B2
Transmit
Frequency
978MHz ±1MHz
Transmit Power
20W nominal
Transmitter
Modulation
1M29G1D
Receiver
Frequency
978MHz
1090MHz
Receiver
Sensitivity
978MHz: -90 to -3dBm
1090MHz: -79 to 0dBm
Weight
60grams
Height
19mm
Length
55mm
Width
65mm
6.1 Markings

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7 Equipment Limitations
7.1 Installation
7.1.1 Modifications and Use Outside of Intended Scope
This device has been designed and tested to conform to all applicable
standards in the original form and when configured with the components
shipped with the device. It is not permissible to modify the device, use the
device for any use outside of the intended scope.
7.1.2 Deviations
There are no deviations from the MPS of TSO-C154c Class B1S Device.
7.1.3 Configurable Options
Accessing or altering configurable options not intended to be operated may
cause pilot distraction.
7.1.4 Approvals
Approvals do not cover adaptations to the aircraft necessary to
accommodate ancillary equipment such as power provisions, mounting
devices or external antennas; such items must still be approved under
existing minor modification/change processes applicable to the aircraft.
7.2 Unpacking and Inspecting
Carefully unpack the device and make a visual inspection of the unit for
evidence of any damage incurred during shipment. If the unit is damaged,
notify the shipping company to file a claim for the damage. To justify your
claim, save the original shipping container and all packing materials.
7.3 Mounting
The echoUAT is designed to be mounted in any convenient location in the
cockpit, the cabin, or an avionics bay.
The following installation procedure should be followed, remembering to
allow adequate space for installation of cables and connectors.
•Select a position in the aircraft that is not too close to any high
external heat source. The echoUAT is not a significant heat source

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!
itself and does not need to be kept away from other devices for this
reason.
•Avoid sharp bends and placing the cables too near to the aircraft
control cables.
•Secure the transceiver to the aircraft via the four (4) mounting holes.
It should be mounted on a flat surface.
•If possible, care should be taken to mount EchoUAT in a location with
the top case being visible for initial or periodic inspection of the LED
status lights.
Note: Installation of the echoUAT must be in accordance with AC43.13-2B,
Chapter 1
7.4 Connections
Whenever power is supplied to the transceiver, a 50ohm load
must be provided to the SMA connection. You can use the
supplied antenna or a commercially available 50ohm load.

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7.5 Connector Pin Assignments
Pin
Type
Physical
Default Config
Default
Protocol
1
Ground
-
-
-
2
Aircraft
Power
11-33V
-
-
3
COM1 TX
RS232 Out
RS485 A(-)
RS232 38400bps
81O
TMAP
4
COM1 RX
RS-232 In
RS485 B(+)
RS232 38400bps
81O
TMAP
5
COM2 TX
RS-232 Out
115200bps 81N
GDL 90
6
COM2 RX
RS-232 In
115200bps 81N
NMEA
Mating Connector: Molex 0436450600, Pins: 0462350001
Note: Use a 1A circuit breaker between the power source and echoUAT.
Optionally, a 3a gang circuit breaker can be used when combining
echoUAT and SkyFYX on the same circuit.
LED
SOLID
FLASHING
RED
FAULT
Transmit
GREEN
Powered
Receive
7.6 Cooling Requirements
echoUAT is designed to meet all applicable TSO requirements without
forced-air cooling.
Attention should, however, be given to the incorporation of cooling
provisions to limit the maximum operating temperature if the echoUAT is
installed in close proximity to other avionics. The reliability of equipment
operating in close proximity in an avionics bay can be degraded if adequate
cooling is not provided.

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7.7 Wiring Considerations
The echoUAT was designed and tested using unshielded, untwisted wiring.
There may, however, be technical benefits of improved electromagnetic
emissions and susceptibility to and from the transponder system. The use
of twisted wire can reduce interference and break-through on adjacent
audio wiring if it is not possible to route them separately.
The distance between the echoUAT and the power source is limited by the
impedance of the wire between them. The echoUAT is powered directly
from aircraft power, and, therefore, the acceptable voltage drop in the
power line is what limits the distance.
A 1A circuit breaker should be used between the echoUAT and the power
source. A 3A gang circuit breaker can be used when echoUAT and
SkyFYX are combined on the same circuit.
The echoUAT requires an impedance of less than 0.5ohm in the power line
for satisfactory operation. The following table provides guidance for a
typical aircraft hook-up wire. Note that different brands may vary –please
check your supplier for more details.
Gauge
ohm/km
Length for 0.5ohm
20 AWG
35
14.2m
22 AWG
64
7.8m
24 AWG
99
5.0m
An alternative to a harness built from individual wires, particularly for a long
cable run, is to use a multi-core cable. Aviation grade cables with 6 or more
cores are often more expensive than individual wires, and, therefore, are
not generally a good choice. For aircraft where those situations do not
apply, an attractive alternative solution may be to use 3 or 4 pair data
cable.
Please note that not all data cable is suitable for this application. Cables
with solid cores should not be used. Cables should be selected based on
the wear characteristics of their insulation material, including temperature
rating, resistance to solvents and oils, and flammability. Most inexpensive
commercial data cables have poor flammability properties.

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7.8 Antenna Installation
7.8.1 Antenna
The antenna should be installed according to the manufacturer’s
instructions.
The following considerations should be taken into account when
determining an acceptable location for the antenna.
•The antenna should be well removed from any projections, the
engine(s) and propeller(s). It should also be well removed from
landing gear doors, access doors or other openings which will break
the ground plane for the antenna.
•The antenna should be mounted on the bottom surface of the aircraft
and in a vertical position when the aircraft is in level flight.
•Avoid mounting the antenna within 1 meter of an existing
transponder, ADF sense antenna or any COMM antenna and 2
meters from the DME antenna.
•Where practical, plan the antenna location to keep the cable lengths
as short as possible and avoid sharp bends in the cable to minimize
the VSWR or signal loss.
Electrical connection to the antenna should be protected to avoid loss of
efficiency due to exposure to liquids and moisture. All antenna feeders shall
be installed in such a way to minimize RF energy radiated inside the
aircraft.
When a conventional aircraft monopole antenna is used, it relies on a
ground plane for correct behavior. For ideal performance, the ground plane
should be large relative to the wavelength of the transmission, which is
275mm. In a metal, skinned aircraft this is usually easily accomplished, but
is more difficult in a composite or fabric skinned aircraft. In these cases, a
metallic ground plane should be fabricated and fitted under the antenna.
The ground plane should be as large as you can sensibly make it. Because
it is a function of the wavelength of the transmission, the smallest practical
ground plane for a transponder is a approx. 120mm per side. As the size
increases, the performance improves, until the ground plane is approx.

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700mm on each side. Anything much larger than that size is unlikely to
result in significant further improvement.
The thickness of the material used to construct the ground plane is not
critical, providing it is sufficiently conductive. A variety of proprietary mesh
and grid solutions are available. Heavyweight aluminum foil meets the
technical requirement, but obviously needs to be properly supported.
7.8.2 Antenna Cable
The echoUAT is designed to meet Class B1S. Excessive loss in the cable
and connectors will degrade both transmitter output power and receiver
sensitivity.
An acceptable cable:
•has less than 1.5dB loss for the run length needed,
•has a characteristic impedance of 50ohms,
•has double braid screens or has foil and braid screen.
Once the cable run length is known, a cable type with low enough loss per
meter that meets the above requirements can be chosen. Longer runs
require lower loss cable.
The following table is a guide to the maximum usable lengths of some
common cable types. Actual cable loss varies between manufacturers.
There are many variants, and the table is based on typical data. Use it as a
guide only and refer to the manufacturer’s data sheet for your specific
chosen cable for accurate values.

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Length
Insertion
Loss
MIL-C 17
Specialists
SSB
Electronic
(meters)
(dB/m)
2.54
0.59
M17/128
2.54
0.59
RG400
3.16
0.47
3C142B
3.81
0.39
RG304
4.5
0.33
Aircell 5
5.25
0.29
RG393
311601
6.42
0.23
311501
6.81
0.18
Aircell 7
8.22
0.18
311201
12.59
0.12
3108801
When routing the cable:
•Route the cable away from any significant heat sources
•Route the cable wiring away from potential interference sources such
as ignition wiring, 400Hz generators, fluorescent lighting and electric
motors
•Allow a minimum separation of 300mm from an ADF antenna cable
•Keep the cable run as short as possible
•Avoid routing the cable around tight bends
•Avoid kinking the cable, even temporarily, during installation
•Secure the cable so that it cannot interfere with other systems

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8 Installation Setup
Download the “uAvionix Echo Installer” app from the IOS App store or
Google Play. Note: Do not use the “uAvionix Ping Installer”app by
mistake.
8.1.1 Connecting to the echoUAT via Wi-Fi
To connect to the echoUAT, join a device to the wireless network named
“Echo-XXXX”using the procedure for your device. iOS is shown below:
1. Go to Settings > Wi-Fi, and make sure that Wi-Fi is turned on.
2. Tap the SSID Ping-XXXX where XXXX is a random string. i.e. Ping-
6A8E.
3. No WPA Password is required.*
*Some early software builds require a WPA password… Enter uavionix as
the WPA password for the secure Wi-Fi network, then tap join. Note: The
No Internet Connection message is normal when iOS is connected to
echoUAT.