Vaisala CL31 User manual

USER'S GUIDE
Vaisala Ceilomete
r
CL31
M210482EN-D

PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj Phone (int.): [phone]
P.O. Box 26 Fax: [phone]
FI-00421 Helsinki
Finland
Visit our Internet pages at http://www.vaisala.com/
© Vaisala 2009
No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be communicated to a third
party without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
The contents are subject to change without prior notice.
Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding obligations for
Vaisala towards the customer or end user. All legally binding commitments and
agreements are included exclusively in the applicable supply contract or Conditions of
Sale.
N17728

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION............................................................................7
About This Manual...................................................................7
Version Information...............................................................7
Related Manuals...................................................................7
Contents of This Manual.......................................................8
Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................8
Feedback...............................................................................8
General Safety Considerations...............................................9
Product Related Safety Precautions......................................9
Terms Used in Groundings.................................................11
Laser Safety........................................................................11
ESD Protection .......................................................................13
Recycling ................................................................................14
Regulatory Compliances.......................................................14
License Agreement................................................................14
Warranty..................................................................................14
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT OVERVIEW................................................................................17
Introduction to Vaisala Ceilometer CL31.............................17
Product Nomenclature...........................................................19
CHAPTER 3
INSTALLATION............................................................................................23
Preparing a Foundation.........................................................23
Creating a New Concrete Foundation.................................25
Using an Existing Concrete Foundation..............................25
Grounding............................................................................25
Unloading and Unpacking Instructions...............................26
Mounting of Ceilometer CL31 ...............................................27
Using the Tilt Feature.............................................................30
Tilting the Ceilometer..........................................................30
Mounting the Optional Bird Deterrent..................................31
Startup.....................................................................................33
Assembling the Battery.......................................................33
Connecting the External Cables .........................................34
Power Supply Connection..............................................35
Data Line Connection ....................................................35
Data Line Modem Connection..................................36
Data Line RS-485 Connection..................................37
Data line RS-232 Connection...................................38
Maintenance Terminal Connection................................38
Setting up Maintenance Terminal Connection..........39

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Operation of Maintenance Terminal Connection ......39
Startup Procedure ...............................................................39
Settings for Normal Operation..............................................41
Factory Settings of User Programmable Parameters.........42
CHAPTER 4
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.....................................................................43
Theory of Operation ...............................................................43
Basic Operating Principle....................................................43
Practical Measurement Signal.............................................43
Noise Cancellation...............................................................44
Return Signal Strength........................................................45
Height Normalization...........................................................45
Backscatter Coefficient........................................................46
Vertical Visibility...................................................................46
Sky Condition Algorithm .......................................................48
General................................................................................48
Option code.........................................................................48
Activation.............................................................................49
Algorithm Overview .............................................................49
CHAPTER 5
OPERATION.................................................................................................55
Operation Modes ....................................................................55
Serial Lines - Open and Closed Port ....................................55
User Commands.....................................................................57
Data Messages........................................................................62
CL31 Data Messages No. 1 and 2......................................63
CRC16 Checksum..........................................................69
CL31 Status Message.........................................................70
CT12K Messages................................................................73
CT12K Digital Message No. 2........................................73
CT12K Digital Message No. 3........................................77
CT25K Data Messages .......................................................78
CT25K Data Message No. 1 ..........................................78
CT25K Data Message No. 6 ..........................................80
CT25KAM Data Messages..................................................82
CT25KAM Data Message No. 60...................................82
CT25KAM Data Message No. 61...................................82
LD40 Standard Telegram....................................................82
Telegram Structure Remarks.........................................84
Failure and Warning Messages .....................................84
Checksum Calculation....................................................87
Manual Message.................................................................88
Polling Mode ...........................................................................89
CHAPTER 6
MAINTENANCE............................................................................................91
Periodic Maintenance.............................................................91
Alarms and Warnings..........................................................91
Cleaning ..............................................................................92
Window Contamination Measurement Calibration.........92
Checking the Door Gasket..................................................93

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Checking the Battery...........................................................93
Storage................................................................................93
CHAPTER 7
TROUBLESHOOTING .................................................................................95
Troubleshooting Procedure..................................................95
Accessing Diagnostic Information.......................................96
Equipment for Troubleshooting...........................................96
Troubleshooting Instructions...............................................96
Warning and Alarm Messages..............................................99
Technical Support................................................................102
Vaisala Service Centers.......................................................102
CHAPTER 8
REPAIR ......................................................................................................103
Replacing Window CLW311................................................105
Replacing Ceilometer Laser Transmitter CLT321.............107
Replacing Ceilometer Receiver CLR321............................109
Replacing Ceilometer Engine Board CLE321....................111
Replacing No-break Battery 4592.......................................113
Replacing AC Power CLP311..............................................114
Replacing Window Blower CLB311....................................117
Replacing Internal Heater CLH311 .....................................118
Replacing Laser Monitor Board CLM311...........................121
Replacing Modem Module DMX501 (Optional)..................123
CHAPTER 9
TECHNICAL DATA....................................................................................127
Specifications.......................................................................127
Mechanical Specifications.................................................127
External Connector J1 - Window Blower ..........................127
External Connector J2 - Power Input................................128
Output Interface ................................................................128
External Connector J3 - Data Line....................................128
External Connector J4 - Maintenance Line.......................129
Modem Module DMX501 ..................................................131
Transmitter Specifications.................................................131
Receiver Specifications.....................................................131
Optical System Specifications...........................................132
Performance Specifications ..............................................132
Environmental Conditions Specifications..........................132
APPENDIX A
BIRD DETERRENT INSTALLATION.........................................................133
INDEX.........................................................................................................137

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List of Figures
Figure 1 Location of Laser Aperture on Ceilometer CL31......................12
Figure 2 Vaisala Ceilometer CL31..........................................................18
Figure 3 Ceilometer CL31 Measurement Unit Main Parts......................20
Figure 4 Foundation Construction ..........................................................24
Figure 5 Measurement Unit Handle........................................................26
Figure 6 Removing and Attaching the Measurement Unit......................28
Figure 7 Mounting the Shield..................................................................29
Figure 8 Tilting the Ceilometer................................................................30
Figure 9 Ceilometer CL31 Bird Deterrent...............................................32
Figure 10 Assembling the Battery.............................................................33
Figure 11 External Connectors (Bottom View) .........................................34
Figure 12 Data Line Modem Connection..................................................36
Figure 13 Data Line RS-485 Connection..................................................37
Figure 14 Data Line RS-232 Connection..................................................38
Figure 15 Ceilometer Engine Board CLE321 ...........................................40
Figure 16 CL31 Switches..........................................................................41
Figure 17 Typical Measurement Signal....................................................44
Figure 18 Basic Operation of CL31 Sky Condition Algorithm in a 2D
Time-Height Domain.................................................................50
Figure 19 Control Flow of Sky Condition Algorithm..................................51
Figure 20 Operation Modes......................................................................55
Figure 21 Open and Closed Port..............................................................57
Figure 22 CL31 Maintenance Parts........................................................104
Figure 23 Window CLW311....................................................................106
Figure 24 Laser Transmitter CLT321......................................................108
Figure 25 Receiver CLR321 ...................................................................109
Figure 26 Ceilometer Engine Board CLE321 .........................................111
Figure 27 No-break Battery 4592 ...........................................................113
Figure 28 AC Power CLP311 .................................................................115
Figure 29 Window Blower CLB311-115 / CLB311-230..........................118
Figure 30 Internal Heater CLH311-115 / CLH311-230...........................119
Figure 31 Laser Monitor Board CLM311 ................................................121
Figure 32 Modem Module DMX501........................................................124
Figure 33 DMX501..................................................................................125
Figure 34 Pin Connections of Connector J4...........................................130
Figure 35 CL31 Bird Deterrent Installation .............................................133
Figure 36 Bird Deterrent in Detail...........................................................134
Figure 37 Blood Knot Instructions...........................................................135

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List of Tables
Table 1 Manual Revisions.......................................................................7
Table 2 Related Manuals ........................................................................7
Table 3 Specifications for the Grounding Terms...................................11
Table 4 Vaisala Ceilometer CL31 Main Parts.......................................19
Table 5 Vaisala Ceilometer CL31 Optional Parts..................................19
Table 6 Factory Defaults of User-Programmable Parameters..............42
Table 7 Sky Cover Values from the Sky Condition Algorithm...............50
Table 8 User Level Commands.............................................................58
Table 9 Advanced Level Commands ....................................................60
Table 10 Messages with 10 m Resolution (Standard Mode)..................63
Table 11 Messages with 5 m Resolution (High Resolution) ...................64
Table 12 Error Group Definition ..............................................................85
Table 13 Error Group 1 (Byte 83)............................................................85
Table 14 Error Group 2 (Byte 84)............................................................85
Table 15 Error Group 3 (Byte 85)............................................................85
Table 16 Error Group 4 (Byte 86)............................................................86
Table 17 Error Group 5 (Byte 87)............................................................86
Table 18 Error Group 6 (Byte 88)............................................................86
Table 19 Error Group 7 (Byte 89)............................................................86
Table 20 Command Telegram Description 'Polling Request'..................90
Table 21 CL31 Status, Warnings ............................................................99
Table 22 CL31 Status, Alarms ..............................................................100
Table 23 CL31 Status, Miscellaneous Problems ..................................101
Table 24 Available Spare Parts.............................................................103
Table 25 Ceilometer CL31 Mechanical Specifications..........................127
Table 26 Window Blower.......................................................................127
Table 27 Power Input............................................................................128
Table 28 Data Line................................................................................129
Table 29 Maintenance Line...................................................................130
Table 30 Modem Module DMX501 Specifications................................131
Table 31 Transmitter Specifications......................................................131
Table 32 Receiver Specifications..........................................................131
Table 33 Optical System Specifications................................................132
Table 34 Performance Specifications....................................................132
Table 35 Environmental Conditions Specifications...............................132

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Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information
VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 7
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
This chapter provides general notes for the manual and the product.
About This Manual
This manual provides information for installing, operating, and
maintaining Vaisala Ceilometer CL31.
Version Information
Table 1 Manual Revisions
Manual Code Description
M210482EN-C Previous version
M210482EN-D December 2009 - This manual
Related Manuals
Table 2 Related Manuals
Manual Code Manual Name
M210310EN-A Termination Box User's Guide
M210717EN-B CL-View User's Guide

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Contents of This Manual
This manual consists of the following chapters:
- Chapter 1, General Information, provides general notes for the manual
and the product.
- Chapter 2, Product Overview, introduces the features, advantages, and
the product nomenclature.
- Chapter 3, Installation, provides you with information intended to help
you with installing this product.
- Chapter 4, Functional Description, provides information on the
measurement principles of the product.
- Chapter 5, Operation, contains information that is needed to operate
this product.
- Chapter 6, Maintenance, provides information that is needed in basic
maintenance of the CL31 Ceilometer.
- Chapter 7, Troubleshooting, describes common problems, their
probable causes and remedies, and contact information for technical
support.
- Chapter 8, Repair, provides information on how to remove and replace
different parts of the product.
- Chapter 9, Technical Data, provides the technical data of the product.
- INDEX
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abbreviation/Acronym Description
ESD Electrostatic Discharge
LED Light Emitting Diode
LIDAR Light detection and ranging
MOR Meteorological Optical Range
VV Vertical visibility
WMO World Meteorological Organization
Feedback
Vaisala Customer Documentation Team welcomes your comments and
suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this publication. If you find
errors or have other suggestions for improvement, please indicate the
chapter, section, and page number. You can send comments to us by e-
mail: [email protected]