Victron energy SmartSolar MPPT 100/50 User manual

Manual
EN
Handleiding
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Manuel
FR
Anleitung
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Manual
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Användarhandbok
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Appendix
SmartSolar charge controllers
MPPT 100/30 MPPT 100/50

1
EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
1. General Description
1.1 PV voltage up to 100V
The charge controller is able to charge a lower nominal-voltage
battery from a higher nominal voltage PV array.
The controller will automatically adjust to a 12 or 24V nominal
battery voltage.
1.2 Ultra-fast Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
Especially in case of a clouded sky, when light intensity is
changing continuously, an ultra fast MPPT controller will improve
energy harvest by up to 30% compared to PWM charge
controllers and by up to 10% compared to slower MPPT
controllers.
1.3 Advanced Maximum Power Point Detection in case of
partial shading conditions
If partial shading occurs, two or more maximum power points may
be present on the power-voltage curve.
Conventional MPPTs tend to lock to a local MPP, which may not
be the optimum MPP.
The innovative SmartSolar algorithm will always maximize energy
harvest by locking to the optimum MPP.
1.4 Outstanding conversion efficiency
No cooling fan. Maximum efficiency exceeds 98%. Full output
current up to 40°C (104°F).
1.5 Extensive electronic protection
Over-temperature protection and power derating when
temperature is high.
PV short circuit and PV reverse polarity protection.
PV reverse current protection.
1.6 Internal temperature sensor
Compensates absorption and float charge voltages for
temperature. (range 6°C to 40°C)
1.7 Optional external voltage and temperature sensor
(range -20°C to 50°C)
The Smart Battery Sense is a wireless battery voltage-and-
temperature sensor for Victron MPPT Solar Chargers. The Solar
Charger uses these measurements to optimize its charge
parameters. The accuracy of the data it transmits will improve
battery charging efficiency, and prolong battery life.

2
Alternatively, Bluetooth communication can be set up between a
BMV-712 battery monitor with battery temperature sensor and the
solar charge controller (VE.Direct Bluetooth Smart dongle
needed).
For more detail please enter smart networking in the search box
on our website.
1.8 Automatic battery voltage recognition
The controller will automatically adjust itself to a 12V or a 24V
system one time only.
If a different system voltage is required at a later stage, it must be
changed manually, for example with the Bluetooth app.
1.9 Flexible charge algorithm
Fully programmable charge algorithm, and eight preprogrammed
algorithms, selectable with a rotary switch.
1.10 Adaptive three step charging
The Controller is configured for a three-step charging process:
Bulk – Absorption – Float.
1.10.1. Bulk
During this stage the controller delivers as much charge current
as possible to rapidly recharge the batteries.
1.9.2. Absorption
When the battery voltage reaches the absorption voltage setting,
the controller switches to constant voltage mode.
When only shallow discharges occur the absorption time is kept
short in order to prevent overcharging of the battery. After a deep
discharge the absorption time is automatically increased to make
sure that the battery is completely recharged. Additionally, the
absorption period is also ended when the charge current
decreases to less than 2A.
1.10.3. Float
During this stage, float voltage is applied to the battery to
maintain it in a fully charged state.
1.10.4. Equalization
See section 3.8
1.11 Remote on-off
The MPPT 100/50 can be controlled remotely by a VE.Direct non
inverting remote on-off cable (ASS030550300). An input HIGH
(Vi > 8V) will switch the controller on, and an input LOW (Vi < 2V,
or free floating) will switch the controller off.

3
EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
Application example: on/off control by a VE.Bus BMS when
charging Li-ion batteries.
1.12 Configuring and monitoring
Configure the solar charge controller with the VictronConnect
app. Available for iOS & Android devices; as well as macOS and
Windows computers. An accessory might be required; enter
victronconnect in the search box on our website and see the
VictronConnect download page for details.
For simple monitoring, use the MPPT Control; a panel mounted
simple yet effective display that shows all operational parameters.
Full system monitoring including logging to our online portal,
VRM, is done using the GX Product range
Color Control
Venus GX
MPPT Control

4
2. Safety instructions
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS - This manual contains
important instructions that shall be followed during
installation and maintenance.
● Please read this manual carefully before the product is
installed and put into use.
● This product is designed and tested in accordance with
international standards. The equipment should be used for
the designated application only.
● Install the product in a heatproof environment. Ensure
therefore that there are no chemicals, plastic parts, curtains or
other textiles, etc. in the immediate vicinity of the equipment.
● Ensure that the equipment is used under the correct operating
conditions. Never operate it in a wet environment.
● Never use the product at sites where gas or dust explosions
could occur.
● Ensure that there is always sufficient free space around the
product for ventilation.
● Refer to the specifications provided by the manufacturer of the
battery to ensure that the battery is suitable for use with this
product. The battery manufacturer's safety instructions should
always be observed.
● Protect the solar modules from direct light during
installation, e.g. cover them.
● Never touch uninsulated cable ends.
● Use only insulated tools.
● Connections must always be made in the sequence described
in section 3.5.
● The installer of the product must provide a means for cable
strain relief to prevent the transmission of stress to the
connections.
● In addition to this manual, the system operation or service
manual must include a battery maintance manual applicable
to the type of batteries used.
Danger of explosion from sparking
Danger of electric shock

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
3. Installation
WARNING: DC (PV) INPUT NOT ISOLATED FROM BATTERY
CIRCUIT.
CAUTION: FOR PROPER TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION
THE AMBIENT CONDITION FOR CHARGER AND BATTERY
MUST BE WITHIN 5°C,
3.1. General
● Mount vertically on a non-flammable substrate, with the power
terminals facing downwards.
● Mount close to the battery, but never directly above the battery
(in order to prevent damage due to gassing of the battery).
● Improper internal temperature compensation (e.g. ambient
condition battery and charger not within 5°C) can lead to reduced
battery lifetime.
We recommend using a direct battery voltage sense source
(BMV, Smart Battery Sense or GX device shared voltage
sense) if larger temperature differences or extreme ambient
temperature conditions are expected
● Battery installation must be done in accordance with the
storage battery rules of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I.
● The battery and PV connections must be guarded against
inadvertent contact (e.g. install in an enclosure or install the
optional WireBox M).
3.2 Grounding
● Battery grounding: the charger can be installed in a positive or
negative grounded system.
Note: apply a single ground connection (preferably close to the
battery) to prevent malfunctioning of the system.
● Chassis grounding: A separate earth path for the chassis
ground is permitted because it is isolated from the positive and
negative terminal.
● The USA National Electrical Code (NEC) requires the use of an
external ground fault protection device (GFPD). These MPPT
chargers do not have internal ground fault protection. The system
electrical negative
should be bonded through a GFPD to earth ground at one (and
only one) location.
● The charger must not be connected with grounded PV arrays
(one ground connection only)

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WARNING: WHEN A GROUND FAULT IS INDICATED,
BATTERY TERMINALS AND CONNECTED CIRCUITS MAY BE
UNGROUNDED AND HAZARDOUS.
3.3 PV configuration (also see the MPPT Excel sheet on
our website)
● Provide a means to disconnect all current-carrying conductors
of a photovoltaic power source from all other conductors in a
building or other structure.
● A switch, circuit breaker, or other device, either ac or dc, shall
not be installed in a grounded conductor if operation of that
switch, circuit breaker, or other device leaves the grounded
conductor in an ungrounded state while the system remains
energized.
● The controller will operate only if the PV voltage exceeds
battery voltage (Vbat).
● PV voltage must exceed Vbat + 5V for the controller to start.
Thereafter minimum PV voltage is Vbat + 1V.
● Maximum open circuit PV voltage: 100V.
For example:
12V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels
● Minimum number of cells in series: 36 (12V panel).
● Recommended number of cells for highest controller efficiency:
72 (2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 144 cells (4x 12V or 2x 24V panel in series).
24V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels
● Minimum number of cells in series: 72 (2x 12V panel in series
or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 144 cells.
Remark: at low temperature the open circuit voltage of a 144 cell
solar array may exceed 100V, depending on local conditions and
cell specifications. In that case the number of cells in series must
be reduced.
3.4 Cable connection sequence (see figure 1)
First: connect the battery.
Second: connect the solar array (when connected with reverse
polarity, the controller will heat up but will not charge the battery).
Torque: 1,6 Nm

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
3.5 Configuration of the controller
Fully programmable charge algorithm (see the software page on
our website) and eight preprogrammed charge algorithms,
selectable with a rotary switch:
Note 1: divide all values by two in case of a 12V system.
Note 2: equalize normally off, see sect. 3.8.1 to activate
(do not equalize VRLA Gel and AGM batteries)
Note 3: any setting change performed with Bluetooth or via VE.Direct will
override the rotary switch setting. Turning the rotary switch will override prior
settings made with Bluetooth or VE.Direct.
Pos
Suggested battery type
Absorption
V
Float
V
Equalize
V
@%Inom
dV/dT
mV/°C
0
Gel Victron long life (OPzV)
Gel exide A600 (OPzV)
Gel MK
28,2 27,6 31,8
@8% -32
1
Gel Victron deep discharge
Gel Exide A200
AGM Victron deep discharge
Stationary tubular plate
(OPzS)
28,6 27,6 32,2
@8% -32
2
Default setting
Gel Victron deep discharge
Gel Exide A200
AGM Victron deep discharge
Stationary tubular plate
(OPzS)
28,8 27,6 32,4
@8% -32
3
AGM spiral cell
Stationary tubular plate
(OPzS)
Rolls AGM
29,4 27,6
33,0
@8% -32
4 PzS tubular plate traction
batteries or
OPzS batteries
29,8 27,6
33,4
@25%
-32
5
PzS tubular plate traction
batteries or
OPzS batteries
30,2 27,6
33,8
@25%
-32
6
PzS tubular plate traction
batteries or
OPzS batteries
30,6 27,6
34,2
@25%
-32
7
Lithium Iron Phosphate
(LiFePo4) batteries
28,4 27,0 n.a. 0

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On all models with software version V 1.12 or higher a binary
LED code helps determining the position of the rotary switch.
After changing the position of the rotary switch, the LEDs will
blink during 4 seconds as follows:
Thereafter, normal indication resumes, as described below.
Remark: the blink function is enabled only when PV power is
present on the input of the controller.
3.6 LEDs
LED indication:
permanent on
blinking
off
Regular operation
LEDs
Bulk
Absorption
Float
Bulk (*1)



Absorption



Automatic equalisation



Float



Note (*1): The bulk LED will blink briefly every 3 seconds when
the system is powered but there is insufficient power to start
charging.
Fault situations
LEDs
Bulk
Absorption
Float
Charger temperature too high



Charger over-current



Charger or PV over-voltage



Internal error (*2)



Note (*2): E.g. calibration and/or settings data lost, current sensor
issue.
Switch
position
LED
Bulk
LED
Abs
LED
Float
Blink
frequency
0
1
1
1
Fast
1
0
0
1
Slow
2
0
1
0
Slow
3
0
1
1
Slow
4
1
0
0
Slow
5
1
0
1
Slow
6
1
1
0
Slow
7
1
1
1
Slow