Waltron 3046 User manual

Revision 3.04
EXPERTS IN WATER CHEMISTRY SINCE 1903
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
User Manual

Waltron Customer Commitment
1
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
WALTRON CUSTOMER COMMITMENT
This instruction manual is a technical guide to aid the customer in the set-up, operation, and
maintenance of their new Waltron measuring system. Waltron provides continuous product
improvement and reserves the right to make any modifications to the information contained
herein without notice.
Copyright © Waltron Bull & Roberts, LLC, 2016
All Rights Reserved
Technical questions concerning this product should be addressed to:
Waltron Technical Service Department
Flemington, New Jersey
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
www.waltron.net
Please be ready to provide the following information:
Date analyzer was purchased
Analyzer model and serial number
Recent maintenance history
Calibration slope values and detailed description of problem
Waltron’s technical expertise and extensive experience provides personalized solutions to the
water quality industry. It is Waltron’s commitment to provide the customer with timely and
accurate technical service and support.
Waltron fully expects the customer to be satisfied with the quality, performance, and cost of this
product.
If there are any questions or concerns regarding this product, please feel free to contact Waltron
at (908)-534-5100.
Thank you for choosing Waltron!
Please note the Waltron mailing and shipping address:
Waltron Bull & Roberts, LLC
25 Minneakoning Road, Suite 101
Flemington, NJ 08822

Safety
2
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
SAFETY
Please observe proper safety and handling precautions when installing, operating, maintaining,
and servicing this product. The following should be noted and adhered to:
Read and understand manual before working with analyzer.
Pay special attention to warning labels on enclosures, containers, packages and
chemicals.
Only qualified personnel should be involved in the installation, operation, and servicing
of the analyzer.
Follow safety precautions when operating analyzer in conditions of high pressure and/or
temperature.
Keep analyzer chemicals away from heat and extreme temperatures. Reagent powders
must be kept dry.
Follow all regulations and warning labels when disposing of chemicals. Do not mix
chemicals.
To obtain analyzer safety information or Safety Data Sheets (SDS), please contact Waltron or
visit the website at www.waltron.net .

Warranty Agreement
3
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
WARRANTY AGREEMENT
If, within one year from the date of shipment, the customer experiences any equipment defects or
is not satisfied with the analyzer manufacturing, Waltron will repair, or at its option, replace any
defective part(s) free of charge. This warranty requires that the defective part(s) be returned to
Waltron with shipping charges prepaid.
At Waltron discretion, a Technical Service Specialist may be sent out to repair or replace the
defective part(s) on location. Traveling time and expenses of the Technical Service Specialist is
at the customer’s expense.
Equipment sent to Waltron must be appropriately packaged and the following information must
be provided prior to returning to Waltron:
The Return Authorization (RA) number assigned to the customer by the Waltron
Technical Service Department
Customer name, address and department
Name and telephone number of the individual responsible for returning items for repair
Brief problem description
Ship to Waltron service center:
Waltron Bull & Roberts, LLC
25 Minneakoning Road, Suite 101
Flemington, NJ 08822
The Waltron Warranty Agreement:
Covers expendable sensors for one month after shipment and reusable electrodes for six
months after shipment.
Does not apply to damages occurred during shipping.
Warranty will be nullified if goods have been used for purposes other than those for
which they are intended or if any seal has been removed, broken or tampered with or if
the Waltron trademark or serial number has be removed, defaced, or altered.
Does not cover expendable supply items such as reagents, tubing and electrolytes.
Does not cover misuse or mistreatment by the user.
Does not cover previous repair or alteration by unauthorized individuals.
Waltron does not assume responsibility for contingent liability through alleged failure or failures
of products or product accessories.

Checklist of Materials
4
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
CHECKLIST OF MATERIALS
In order to ensure customer satisfaction, Waltron does its best to provide adequate and
timely packaging and shipping services. Please perform the following after receiving a
shipment:
Inspect all shipping containers upon receipt and record any visible damage. If there are
any outward signs of damage, please retain all containers and packages for inspection by
carrier. Please retain all packing material so that it can be used for future moving and
shipping needs.
Check all items received against those on the packing list. Chemicals are usually shipped
in a separate package and will be itemized accordingly.
Verify that the number of packages received agrees with the packing list and shipping
papers.
Notify both Waltron and the carrier if any problems occur.
Important Notice:
All analyzers are inspected and tested prior to shipment.
In normal use, the unit should require only minor maintenance and should operate
correctly and without fault over a long period of time.
Please note that if electronic components need to be replaced, it may be necessary to
adjust and/or calibrate the analyzer.
Failure to carry out correct maintenance procedures may result in inaccurate analyzer
readings.

Table of Contents
5
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Waltron Customer Commitment..............................................................1
Safety.........................................................................................................2
Warranty Agreement.................................................................................3
Checklist of Materials...............................................................................4
Table of Contents .....................................................................................5
List of Figures...........................................................................................7
List of Tables.............................................................................................8
1Overview..............................................................................................9
1.1 Specifications............................................................................................................... 9
1.1.1 Performance......................................................................................................... 9
1.1.2 Sample Operating Conditions............................................................................... 9
1.1.3 Signal Outputs.....................................................................................................10
1.1.4 Operational Calibration........................................................................................10
1.2 Safety Precautions, Instructions, and Hazards............................................................10
1.2.1 General Information.............................................................................................10
1.2.2 List of Warnings and Potential Dangers...............................................................10
1.2.3 Reagents.............................................................................................................12
1.2.4 Sample ................................................................................................................12
1.2.5 Waste Disposal....................................................................................................12
1.2.6 Analyzer General Hazards...................................................................................12
2Introduction.......................................................................................15
2.1 Analyzer Description...................................................................................................15
2.2 Applications ................................................................................................................16
2.3 Working Principle........................................................................................................16
2.4 Analysis Cycle ............................................................................................................18
2.4.1 Programming Commands....................................................................................18
2.4.2 Flow Diagram.......................................................................................................19
2.4.3 Analyzer Operations ............................................................................................19
2.5 Fast Loop Reservoir....................................................................................................20
2.6 Wet-Section Box.........................................................................................................22
2.7 Electronics..................................................................................................................23
3Installation.........................................................................................24
3.1 Receiving....................................................................................................................24
3.2 Analyzer Handling.......................................................................................................24
3.3 Location and Mounting................................................................................................24
3.4 Pre-Installation............................................................................................................24
3.5 Mouting Schematics....................................................................................................25
3.6 Electrical Connections ................................................................................................26
3.6.1 AC Power Connection..........................................................................................26

Table of Contents
6
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
3.6.2 User Signal Connections .....................................................................................27
3.7 Reagent Information ...................................................................................................28
3.8 Reagents Holding Bracket ..........................................................................................28
4Analyzer Initial Start-Up....................................................................29
4.1 Preparing the Analyzer for Start-Up............................................................................29
5User Interface....................................................................................30
5.1 User Instructions.........................................................................................................30
5.2 User Password ...........................................................................................................30
5.3 Main Screen................................................................................................................31
5.4 Reagents Refill ...........................................................................................................32
5.5 Run Menu...................................................................................................................33
5.6 Display Menu..............................................................................................................34
5.6.1 Display Process Values.......................................................................................34
5.6.2 Chart....................................................................................................................34
5.6.3 Manual Step ........................................................................................................34
5.6.4 Data Logger.........................................................................................................35
5.7 Program Menu............................................................................................................36
5.7.1 Settings Menu......................................................................................................36
5.7.2 Calibration Menu..................................................................................................37
5.8 Service Menu..............................................................................................................38
5.9 Help Menu ..................................................................................................................39
6Operation...........................................................................................40
6.1 Reagents Prime..........................................................................................................40
6.2 Blank Calibration.........................................................................................................40
6.3 Slope (Factor) Calibration...........................................................................................41
6.4 Single Analysis Cycle..................................................................................................41
6.5 Online Measurement...................................................................................................42
6.6 Grab Sample...............................................................................................................42
6.7 Emergency Stop.........................................................................................................43
7Maintenance ......................................................................................44
7.1 Scheduled Maintenance .............................................................................................44
7.2 Pump Tubing Replacement.........................................................................................46
8Analyzer Shut-Down .........................................................................47
9Troubleshooting................................................................................48
10 Spare Parts........................................................................................49
Appendix A –Panel Mount Schematics................................................50
Appendix B –Help Menu........................................................................52
Appendix C –Multiple Stream Sequencer ............................................62

List of Figures
7
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1: Waltron 3046 Analyzer front view...........................................................15
Figure 2.2: Waltron 3046 inside view with electrical box and liquids box shown.16
Figure 2.3: Color development...................................................................................17
Figure 2.4: Flow diagram............................................................................................19
Figure 2.5: Depiction of the fast-loop reservoir........................................................20
Figure 2.6: Mounting dimensions for the fast loop reservoir..................................21
Figure 2.7: Hydraulic box with components indicated. ...........................................22
Figure 2.8: Electronics box. .......................................................................................23
Figure 3.1: The dimensions for mounting the analyzer. ..........................................25
Figure 3.2: Electrical connections for user connections and power connections.27
Figure 3.3: Mounting schematics for the reagent holding bracket.........................28
Figure 5.1: User interface main display screen........................................................30
Figure 5.2: User interface screen for Reagents Refill..............................................32
Figure 5.3: User interface after pressing the RUN Menu. ........................................33
Figure 5.4: User interface in the DISPLAY Menu......................................................34
Figure 5.5: Manual step functions shown in the bottom left corner.......................35
Figure 5.6: Data logger screen of the user interface................................................35
Figure 5.7: User interface after pressing the PROGRAM Menu. .............................36
Figure 5.8: The SETTINGS Menu and options are displayed. .................................36
Figure 5.9: User interface at the CALIBRATION Menu.............................................37
Figure 5.10: User interface showing the topics in the HELP Menu.........................39
Figure 7.1: Pump tubing replacement.......................................................................46
Figure C.1: Dimensons of the Multistream Sequencer. ...........................................63
Figure C.2: Suggested installation layout of the multistream sequencer.............64
Figure C.3: Mounting Dimensions for multistream sequencer. ..............................65
Figure C.4: Accessing the electronic box of the multistream sequencer. ............66
Figure C.5: 4-20mA output of the multistream sequencer.......................................66
Figure C.5: Multistream sequencer hydraulic connections.....................................67
Figure C.6: Multistream sequencer main page of the user interface.....................68
Figure C.7: Multistream sequencer RUN Menu of the user interface. ....................69

List of Tables
8
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: List of hazards and dangers.....................................................................11
Table 1.2: List of materials used in Waltron 3046 Analyzer.....................................12
Table 2.1: The run sequence of colorimetric determination....................................18
Table 3.1: Terminal block pin locations. ...................................................................27
Table 5.1: User password...........................................................................................30
Table 5.2: Menu access level with password............................................................30
Table 5.3: Analyzer operating statuses.....................................................................31
Table 5.4: Main menu button descriptions................................................................31
Table 7.1: Scheduled manintenance reference chart...............................................45
Table 9.1: Alarm descriptions. ...................................................................................48
Table 10.1: Routine Maintenance Parts Listing........................................................49
Table 10.2: Standards and Reagents Parts Listing..................................................49
Table 10.3: Spare Parts Listing..................................................................................49
Table C.1: Multistream sequencer sample conditions.............................................62
Table C.2: Multistream sequencer technical specifications....................................62

Overview
9
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
1 OVERVIEW
1.1 SPECIFICATIONS
1.1.1 PERFORMANCE
Sensor Classification:
Colorimetric with glass flowcell and LED source
Application:
Demineralized, boiler, potable, surface and waste
water
Power Supply:
110-220Vac, 50-60 Hz 80 VA
Humidity:
Up to 90% not condensable
Ambient Temperature Range:
10-45º C analyzer (50-113º F)
Range:
0 –1ppm, 0 –5ppm; 0 –10ppm*, 0 –50ppm*
*By Auto Dilution
Accuracy:
+/–2% of full scale
Unit Dimensions:
Height=23.6”(60 cm), Width=15”(38 cm),
Depth=8.3”(21 cm)
Positioning and Installation
Details:
Wall mounting or with bench support, panel mount
optional
Response Time
(approximate):
<10min, batch process, programmable cycle frequency
Alarms:
2 or 4 configurable alarm relays
Reproducibility:
+/–2% of reading
Degree of Protection:
IP55 (NEMA 4): Wet section, IP65 (NEMA 4x):
Electronics
Required Maintenance:
Once a month replenish reagents, once a year replace
tubing
Reagent Consumption
(approx.):
4 reagents, 1L each per month
Materials in Contact with
Sample:
Glass, Silicone, Plexiglass, Stainless Steel AISI 316
CE Certification (on request):
Meets low voltage and low electromagnetic
compatibility directives
Sample Conditioning
Requirements:
Filtering between 10 and 60 micron, depending on the
matrix, needed only
Weight:
17 kg
1.1.2 SAMPLE OPERATING CONDITIONS
Temperature Range:
5-55º C (41-131º F)
Inlet Sample:
100–500 ml/min, atmospheric, flexible tubing O.D. ¼” (6 mm)
Outlet Sample:
Atmospheric, waste tubing O.D. 3/8” (9 mm)
Turbidity:
Not applicable, sample blank correction
Color:
Not applicable, sample blank correction
PH:
3-12

Overview
10
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
1.1.3 SIGNAL OUTPUTS
Analog Outputs:
4-20mA (galvanic isolator module available as option) or 0-5V
Serial I/O for Signals:
Serial data output RS232 standard, RS485 available as option
1.1.4 OPERATIONAL CALIBRATION
Frequency/Intervals:
Recommended: 7 days
Single/Multi-Point:
Multi-Point: zero and mid-range
Matrix Corrections:
Yes, sample blank correction
Manual/Automatic:
Both
1.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS, INSTRUCTIONS, AND HAZARDS
1.2.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
This manual contains important information which is required for installation, start up and
operation of the Waltron 3046 Ammonia Analyzer. Please read this manual carefully before
installing and placing the analyzer into service!
Pay attention to all caution and danger labels present on the analyzer and all caution and danger
statements written on this manual.
Waltron shall not be liable for errors contained herein and/or for an incorrect use of the
analyzer. The department head and analyzer’s users must be sure to read and observe the
following instructions and to apply all the national and local regulations and laws
regarding workers health and safety.
Use, maintenance, and service of this analyzer is allowed only by qualified personnel
who are fully trained on the analyzer’s operations. This personnel is intended to be
physically and mentally fit and not under effect of alcohol or/and drugs.
When the analyzer is not used it should be protected from intentional or unintentional
powering on, using a proper circuit breaker.
Failure to do so and non-observance of hazards or dangers warnings could result in death
or serious injury to the operators or damage to the analyzer.
Before using the analyzer, it is necessary to visually check for damages to safety devices
and report to your department head even if they don’t cause the analyzer to stop or
malfunction.
All the analyzer’s components are installed inside a metallic enclosure with a door
equipped with a special key opening, only endowed to qualified maintenance personnel.
1.2.2 LIST OF WARNINGS AND POTENTIAL DANGERS
The table below is a list of hazards and dangers warning labels that may be found on the analyzer
and/or in this manual. In case of these labels becoming outdated, they should be replaced with
new ones by the analyzer owner.

Overview
11
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
Table 1.1: List of hazards and dangers.
Hazard of electrical shock
This symbol is used to present a hazard of severe electric
shock or electrocution. All controls and maintenance on
electrical devices labeled with this symbol should be made by
qualified personnel in accordance with national or local
regulations. Qualified Personnel means personnel who have
been fully trained and have professional experience in
avoiding electricity hazards and dangers. To avoid potentially
fatal electrical shocks and/or analyzer damage always
disconnect input power to analyzer before servicing.
Involved parts:
· main power
supply
· peristaltic pump
motor
· input terminal
Hazard of chemical burns
This symbol is used to present a hazard of severe burns and
serious injury for dangerous chemicals manipulation. All
handling and operations maintenance on chemicals labeled
with this symbol should be made by qualified personnel in
accordance with national or local regulations. Qualified
Personnel means personnel who have been fully trained and
have professional experience in avoiding chemical hazards
and dangers. Before proceeding with the handling of
chemicals and service operations, read the material safety data
sheets supplied with each chemical to take all the necessary
precautions when handling.
Involved parts:
· fluidics section
· reagent
container
Harmful
Specific indication depending on the parameter analyzed and
the chemical colorimetric method used.
Involved parts:
· fluidics section
· reagent
container
Warning of general hazard
This symbol means that is necessary read this manual before
to proceed to any service operation to know exactly how to
operate in proper way. Only qualified personnel fully trained
on analyzer use and maintenance is allowed to proceed with
service operations on the unit.

Overview
12
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
1.2.3 REAGENTS
The Waltron 3046 Ammonia Analyzer is based on colorimetric analysis methods, using chemical
solutions.
For the dangers and hazards regarding the chemicals used for the analysis, refer to the
appendix of the specific analytic parameter and colorimetric reaction.
Make sure that proper safety precautions are taken (e.g. using safety gloves and glasses)
during handling the chemical solutions and the reagents containers / bottles.
Read attentively the material safety data sheets of each chemical.
The bottles of the reagents must report the specific hazards and dangers labels.
1.2.4 SAMPLE
Take the proper precautions to avoid direct contact with the sample stream. It is the responsibility
of the user to collect all the information and take all the precautions regarding physical, chemical,
radiation and/or biological hazards and dangers coming from sample stream and/or sample
vapors. It is also the responsibility of the user to collect all the information and potential hazards
regarding the chemical and physical compatibility of sample stream with analyzer materials.
Table 1.2: List of materials used in Waltron 3046 Analyzer.
Pump tubings
Silicon or Norprene
Fittings
PP
Connection tubings
Norprene / Silicon
Colorimetric cell
Glass
Mixing membrane pump
PP / EPDM
Pinch valve
Vyton / silicon tubing
1.2.5 WASTE DISPOSAL
The liquid from the drain of the colorimetric glass cell must be collected in a separate canister.
Arrange removal by a disposal company. For guidelines on disposal, consult the requirements of
the Local Authority chemical waste regulation.
1.2.6 ANALYZER GENERAL HAZARDS
1.2.6.1 Electrical Hazards and Precautions
General information:
In all electrical devices that are 110-220 Vac powered, there is a hazard of electrical
shock or electrocution.
To protect all personnel involved in analyzer use and maintenance, the door of the
analyzer enclosure is equipped with a special key opening.
Service qualified personnel will receive the special key to open the analyzer’s enclosure.
Before servicing the analyzer parts that are electrically powered, turn off power to the

Overview
13
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
analyzer to avoid risks of electrocution.
To turn off power from an electrical device, it is necessary to interrupt the power line
using a circuit breaker or an isolating switch to be sure that there is no power in the area
to be serviced.
Inside the analyzer’s enclosure, the lower level of protection against direct contacts is
IP2X. The analyzer’s enclosures are IP54.
Protection against indirect contacts is guaranteed by efficient grounding of all isolated
metal masses. Grounding screw is located inside the electrical enclosure, in the lower
right position.
1.2.6.2 Operating Hazards and Precautions
HAZARD
Mechanical hazards caused by moving parts such as the
peristaltic pump and the motor.
Preventive Actions:
To avoid risks, the analyzer’s moving parts have been designed, built and located in
closed enclosure with a special opening key. Inside the enclosure, these parts have
protective covers to avoid any contact and physical injuries to users.
HAZARD
Hazard of burns and poisoning caused by contact with
dangerous chemicals.
Preventive Actions:
To avoid risks, the analyzer’s parts that can cause contact with chemicals have been
designed, built and located in closed enclosure with a special opening key. Before
servicing the liquids section, read the material safety data sheets supplied with each
chemical and take all the necessary precautions when handling. Wear eye protections,
gloves, mask and clothes if necessary.
HAZARD
Hazard of poisoning caused by waste gas coming out from
leakages of the hydraulic parts.
Preventive Actions:
Install the analyzer in a location of adequate dimensions and ventilation.
HAZARD
Hazard of electric shock and/or electrocution in the electrical
enclosure.

Overview
14
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
Preventive Actions:
The analyzer’s electric equipment complies with EN 60204 requirements.
To avoid risks, the analyzer’s parts that can cause hazard of electric shock and/or
electrocution have been designed, built and located in closed enclosure with a special
opening key. Inside the enclosure, these parts have protective covers and warning labels
to avoid any contact and serious injuries or death to users.
NOTE:
Electrical equipment with input power and grounding must
comply with the national or local regulations and laws.
Preventive Actions:
Check that the source voltage to be used corresponds with that requested by the analyzer.
Check periodically the power cord grounding in addition to the analyzer grounding.

Introduction
15
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
2 INTRODUCTION
2.1 ANALYZER DESCRIPTION
This manual provides general information regarding the principle of operation, proper installation
and operation of the Waltron 3046 Ammonia Analyzer.
The Waltron 3046 is an on-line analyzer for batch-wise analysis (sequence of sampling, analysis
and result processing), using colorimetric method. The analyzer is assembled in an enclosure with
lockable door. The LIQUIDS enclosure includes all the components involved in sample and
reagents flows as well as their mixing and reaction stages (sampling pump, colorimetric reaction
cell, reagents micropumps). The ELECTRICAL enclosure includes the main power supply, the
controller PCB assembly and the touchscreen interface.
Figure 2.1: Waltron 3046 Analyzer front view.

Introduction
16
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
Figure 2.2: Waltron 3046 inside view with electrical box and liquids box shown.
2.2 APPLICATIONS
The application for the Waltron 3046 Analyzer is for the measurement of ammonia
concentrations in high purity water.
2.3 WORKING PRINCIPLE
Lambert-Beer Law
A colorimetric determination is based on the color-formation after addition of reagents. The
absorbance of the solution is measured at a specific wavelength. The absorbance is related to
sample concentration according to 'Beer's law'.
Lambert–Beer law is an empirical relationship that relates the absorption of light to the properties
of the material through which the light is travelling.
The law states that there is a logarithmic dependence between the transmission (or
transmissivity), T, of light through a substance and the product of the absorption coefficient of the
substance, α, and the distance the light travels through the material (i.e. the path length), ℓ.
The transmission (or transmissivity) is expressed: T = I1/ I0
Electrical Box
Liquids Box

Introduction
17
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
Absorbance for liquids is defined as the negative logarithm of the transmittance:
A= - log10T= log101/T= log10I0/I1
I0= light intensity through the sample before colorimetric reaction
I1= light intensity through the sample after colorimetric reaction
In most cases the absorbance has a linear correlation with the sample concentration; for a linear
calibration line just the blank and span values (i.e. concentration with zero analyte and the
maximum expected concentration) are needed. Multiple analysis at each point that are averaged
will provide a more accurate calibration line.
The absorbance ranges from 0 to 1, but it can go higher than that.
An absorbance of 0 at some wavelength means that no light of that particular wavelength
has been absorbed. The intensities of the sample and reference beam are both the same, so
the ratio I0/I1is 1. Log10 of 1 is zero.
An absorbance of 1 happens when 90% of the light at that wavelength has been absorbed
which means that the intensity is 10% of what it would otherwise be. In that case, I0/ I1is
100/10 (=10) and log10 of 10 is 1.
Absorption photometry (Colorimetry):
The methods used are based on the formation of a colored complex of the analyte with a color
reagent. Light with a specific wavelength is send through the reaction mixture. The absorbance
of this light by the formed complex, measured by a photometer, is related to the concentration of
the analyte.
readingsensor
reference
Absorbance log
Figure 2.3: Color development.

Introduction
18
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
2.4 ANALYSIS CYCLE
2.4.1 PROGRAMMING COMMANDS
An analysis time program in the Waltron 3046 Ammonia Analyzer has the following structure:
1. After rinsing the reaction colorimetric cell and taking a sample, one or more
miscellaneous reagents, like buffer or masking agent, may be added after which a first
measurement takes place (reference); in this way interfering factors are eliminated such
as sample color or turbidity, miscellaneous reagents color and refractive index variations.
2. The second measurement (reading sensor) takes place after addition of color reagent and
color development, which may take a certain time period, depending on the color
reaction.
Table 2.1: The run sequence of colorimetric determination.
Conditioning, rinsing and sampling
Drain, rinse and sample functions
First the cuvette is drained and rinsed (this can also be
programmed at the end of the run). In this way the hydraulic
line and the colorimetric cell is rinsed as well prior to the
actual sample taking. Next a sample is taken.
Addition of reagent(s)
Add reag function
Depending on the method one or more reagents may be
added before reference.
Mixing and wait
Mix and wait functions
The mixing pump is activated and the liquid is pumped from
the lower part to the upper part of the colorimetric cell. The
waiting time is programmed in order to eliminate bubbles,
suspensions.
First measurement
Reference function
Regulation of the light intensity to a programmed value, in
order to start from a fixed reference point and eliminate
interfering factors (sample turbidity, color).
Addition of color reagent(s)
Add reag function
Depending on the method one or more reagents may be
added for the color development.
Mixing and wait
Mix and wait functions
The mixing pump is activated and the liquid is pumped from
the lower part to the upper part of the colorimetric cell; in
this way reagent(s) is mixed. The waiting time is
programmed in order to complete the colorimetric reaction.
Reading, absorbance and
concentration calculation
Read sensor, absorbance, calculation
Reading of the light intensity after the colorimetric reaction,
calculation of the absorbance and of the concentration.
Drain, conditioning, rinsing, sampling
Drain, rinse and sample functions
Drain and rinse of the hydraulic line and the colorimetric
cell.
Waiting time (analysis frequency)
Wait function
The wait function allows the user to set the analysis
frequency.

Introduction
19
Waltron User Manual
3046 Ammonia Analyzer
2.4.2 FLOW DIAGRAM
Figure 2.4: Flow diagram
2.4.3 ANALYZER OPERATIONS
The Waltron 3046 Ammonia Analyzer performs several operations throughout a cycle. A list of
common operations is shown below.
Rinse #1
Rinse #2
Drain
Sample #1
Sample #2
Add Reagent #1
Add Reagent #2
Add Reagent #3
Add Reagent #4