4RF Aprisa SR User manual

This User Manual refers to the new Aprisa SR (part number SRx)
February 2015
Version 1.3.0

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 4RF Limited. All rights reserved.
This document is protected by copyright belonging to 4RF Limited and may not be reproduced or
republished in whole or part in any form without the prior written permission of 4RF Limited.
Trademarks
Aprisa and the 4RF logo are trademarks of 4RF Limited.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Java
and all Java-related trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the
United States and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer
Although every precaution has been taken preparing this information, 4RF Limited assumes no liability for
errors and omissions, or any damages resulting from use of this information. This document or the
equipment may change, without notice, in the interests of improving the product.
RoHS and WEEE Compliance
The Aprisa SR is fully compliant with the European Commission’s RoHS (Restriction of Certain Hazardous
Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)
environmental directives.
Restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS)
The RoHS Directive prohibits the sale in the European Union of electronic equipment containing these
hazardous substances: lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs),
and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).
4RF has worked with its component suppliers to ensure compliance with the RoHS Directive which came
into effect on the 1st July 2006.
End-of-life recycling programme (WEEE)
The WEEE Directive concerns the recovery, reuse, and recycling of electronic and electrical equipment.
Under the Directive, used equipment must be marked, collected separately, and disposed of properly.
4RF has instigated a programme to manage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of waste in an
environmentally safe manner using processes that comply with the WEEE Directive (EU Waste Electrical
and Electronic Equipment 2002/96/EC).
4RF invites questions from customers and partners on its environmental programmes and compliance with
the European Commission’s Directives ([e-mail]).

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Compliance General
The Aprisa SR radio predominantly operates within frequency bands that require a site license be issued by
the radio regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the territory in which the equipment is being
operated.
It is the responsibility of the user, before operating the equipment, to ensure that where required the
appropriate license has been granted and all conditions attendant to that license have been met.
Changes or modifications not approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
Equipment authorizations sought by 4RF are based on the Aprisa SR radio equipment being installed at a
fixed restricted access location and operated in point-to-multipoint or point-to-point mode within the
environmental profile defined by EN 300 019, Class 3.4. Operation outside these criteria may invalidate
the authorizations and / or license conditions.
The term ‘Radio’ with reference to the Aprisa SR User Manual, is a generic term for one end station of a
point-to-multipoint Aprisa SR network and does not confer any rights to connect to any public network or
to operate the equipment within any territory.
Compliance European Telecommunications Standards Institute
The Aprisa SR radio is designed to comply with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(ETSI) specifications as follows:
12.5 kHz and 25 kHz
Channel
50 kHz Channel
Radio performance
EN 300 113-2
EN 302 561 (pending)
EMC
EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 5
Environmental
EN 300 019, Class 3.4
Ingress Protection code IP51
Safety
EN 60950-1:2006
Class 1 div 2 for hazardous locations
Frequency band
Channel size
Power input
Notified
body
135-175 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
320-400 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz
12 VDC
400-470 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
450-520 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Compliance Federal Communications Commission
The Aprisa SR radio is designed to comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
specifications as follows:
Radio
47CFR part 24, part 90 and part 101 Private Land Mobile
Radio Services
EMC
47CFR part 15 Radio Frequency Devices, EN 301 489 Parts
1 & 4
Environmental
EN 300 019, Class 3.4
Ingress Protection code IP51
Safety
EN 60950-1:2006
Class 1 div 2 for hazardous locations
Frequency Band *
Channel size
Power
input
Authorization
FCC ID
135-175 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
Part 90
Pending
215-240 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz,
50 kHz
12 VDC
Part 90
Pending
400-470 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
Part 90
Pending
450-520 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
Part 90
Pending
896-902 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz,
50 kHz
12 VDC
Part 24 /
Part 90
Pending
928-960 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz,
50 kHz
12 VDC
Part 24 /
Part 90
Pending
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
* The Frequency Band is not an indication of the exact frequencies approved by FCC.

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Compliance Industry Canada
The Aprisa SR radio is designed to comply with Industry Canada (IC) specifications as follows:
Radio
RSS-119 / RSS-134
EMC
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian
standard ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la
norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Environmental
EN 300 019, Class 3.4
Ingress Protection code IP51
Safety
EN 60950-1:2006
Class 1 div 2 for hazardous locations
Frequency Band *
Channel size
Power
input
Authorization
IC
135-175 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
RSS-119
Pending
215-240 MHz
12.5 kHz
12 VDC
RSS-119
Pending
400-470 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz
12 VDC
RSS-119
Pending
896-902 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz,
50 kHz
12 VDC
RSS-119 and
RSS-134
Pending
928-960 MHz
12.5 kHz, 25 kHz,
50 kHz
12 VDC
RSS-119 and
RSS-134
Pending
* The Frequency Band is not an indication of the exact frequencies approved by IC.
Compliance Hazardous Locations Notice
This product is suitable for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A - D hazardous locations or non-hazardous
locations.
The following text is printed on the Aprisa SR fascia:
WARNING: EXPLOSION HAZARD - Do not connect or disconnect while circuits are live unless area is known
to be non-hazardous.
The following text is printed on the Aprisa SR where the end user is in Canada:
AVERTISSEMENT: RISQUE D'EXPLOSION - Ne pas brancher ou débrancher tant que le circuit est sous
tension, àmoins qu'il ne s'agisse d'un emplacement non dangereux.

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
RF Exposure Warning
WARNING:
The installer and / or user of Aprisa SR radios shall ensure that a separation distance
as given in the following table is maintained between the main axis of the terminal’s
antenna and the body of the user or nearby persons.
Minimum separation distances given are based on the maximum values of the
following methodologies:
1. Maximum Permissible Exposure non-occupational limit (B or general public) of
47 CFR 1.1310 and the methodology of FCC’s OST/OET Bulletin number 65.
2. Reference levels as given in Annex III, European Directive on the limitation of
exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz)
(1999/519/EC). These distances will ensure indirect compliance with the
requirements of EN 50385:2002.
Frequency (MHz)
Maximum Power
(dBm) Note 1
Maximum Antenna
Gain (dBi)
Minimum Separation
Distance
(m)
135
+ 37
15
2.5
175
+ 37
15
2.5
215
+ 37
15
2.5
216.5
+ 37
15
2.5
217.5
+ 33
15
2.5
215
+ 37
15
2.5
240
+ 37
15
2.5
320
+ 37
15
2.5
400
+ 37
15
2.5
450
+ 37
15
2.5
470
+ 37
15
2.5
520
+ 37
15
2.5
896
+ 37
28
7.5
902
+ 37
28
7.5
928
+ 37
28
7.5
960
+ 37
28
7.5
Note 1: The Peak Envelope Power (PEP) at maximum set power level is +41 dBm.

Contents | 7
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Contents
1. Getting Started ........................................................................ 13
2. Introduction............................................................................ 15
About This Manual...............................................................................15
What It Covers ............................................................................15
Who Should Read It ......................................................................15
Contact Us.................................................................................15
What’s in the Box ...............................................................................15
Aprisa SR Accessory Kit ..................................................................16
Aprisa SR CD Contents ...................................................................16
Software ............................................................................16
Documentation ....................................................................16
3. About the Radio ....................................................................... 17
The 4RF Aprisa SR Radio........................................................................17
Product Overview ...............................................................................18
Network Coverage and Capacity .......................................................18
Automatic Registration ..................................................................18
Remote Messaging........................................................................18
Store and Forward Repeater............................................................19
Repeater Packet Forwarding.....................................................19
Repeater Messaging ...............................................................22
Product Features ................................................................................23
Functions ..................................................................................23
Security ....................................................................................24
Performance ..............................................................................25
Usability ...................................................................................25
System Gain vs FEC Coding .............................................................25
Architecture......................................................................................26
Product Operation........................................................................26
Physical Layer.............................................................................26
Data Link Layer / MAC layer ............................................................27
Channel Access ....................................................................27
Hop by Hop Transmission.........................................................27
Network Layer ............................................................................28
Packet Routing.....................................................................28
Static IP Router....................................................................29
Bridge Mode with VLAN Aware ..................................................32
VLAN Bridge Mode Description ..................................................33
Avoiding Narrow Band Radio Traffic Overloading....................................35
Interfaces.........................................................................................37
Antenna Interface ........................................................................37
Ethernet Interface .......................................................................37
RS-232 / RS-485 Interface...............................................................37
USB Interfaces ............................................................................37
Protect Interface .........................................................................37
Alarms Interface..........................................................................37
Front Panel Connections .......................................................................38
LED Display Panel ...............................................................................39
Normal Operation ........................................................................39
Single Radio Software Upgrade.........................................................40

8| Contents
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Network Software Upgrade .............................................................40
Test Mode .................................................................................41
Network Management ..........................................................................42
Hardware Alarm Inputs / Outputs ............................................................43
Alarm Input to SNMP Trap...............................................................43
Alarm Input to Alarm Output ...........................................................43
4. Implementing the Network.......................................................... 44
Network Topologies .............................................................................44
Point-To-Point Network ..........................................................44
Point-to-Multipoint Network.....................................................44
Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 1............................................44
Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 2............................................44
Initial Network Deployment ...................................................................45
Install the Base Station ..................................................................45
Installing the Remote Stations .........................................................45
Install a Repeater Station ...............................................................45
Network Changes................................................................................46
Adding a Repeater Station ..............................................................46
Adding a Remote Station ................................................................46
5. Preparation ............................................................................ 47
Bench Setup......................................................................................47
Path Planning ....................................................................................48
Antenna Selection and Siting ...........................................................48
Base or Repeater Station.........................................................48
Remote station ....................................................................49
Antenna Siting .....................................................................50
Coaxial Feeder Cables ...................................................................51
Linking System Plan ......................................................................51
Site Requirements...............................................................................52
Power Supply..............................................................................52
Equipment Cooling .......................................................................52
Earthing and Lightning Protection .....................................................53
Feeder Earthing....................................................................53
Radio Earthing .....................................................................53
6. Installing the Radio ................................................................... 54
Mounting..........................................................................................54
Required Tools............................................................................54
DIN Rail Mounting ........................................................................55
Rack Shelf Mounting .....................................................................56
Wall Mounting.............................................................................57
Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable ....................................................58
Connecting the Power Supply .................................................................59
External Power Supplies.................................................................59
Spare Fuses................................................................................60
Additional Spare Fuses............................................................61

Contents | 9
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
7. Managing the Radio ................................................................... 63
SuperVisor ........................................................................................63
PC Requirements for SuperVisor .......................................................64
Connecting to SuperVisor ...............................................................65
Management PC Connection .....................................................66
PC Settings for SuperVisor .......................................................67
Login to SuperVisor................................................................71
Logout of SuperVisor..............................................................72
SuperVisor Page Layout...........................................................73
SuperVisor Menu ...................................................................75
SuperVisor Menu Access ..........................................................76
SuperVisor Menu Items ...........................................................77
Standard Radio............................................................................78
Terminal ............................................................................78
Radio ................................................................................90
Serial .............................................................................. 105
Ethernet .......................................................................... 110
IP................................................................................... 120
QoS ................................................................................ 127
Security ........................................................................... 134
Maintenance ..................................................................... 150
Events ............................................................................. 165
Software .......................................................................... 177
Monitoring ........................................................................ 195
Network Status .................................................................. 208
Protected Station ...................................................................... 215
Terminal .......................................................................... 216
Ethernet .......................................................................... 226
IP................................................................................... 227
Security ........................................................................... 231
Maintenance ..................................................................... 233
Events ............................................................................. 240
Software .......................................................................... 243
Command Line Interface ..................................................................... 259
Connecting to the Management Port ................................................ 259
CLI Commands .......................................................................... 262
Viewing the CLI Terminal Summary........................................... 263
Changing the Radio IP Address with the CLI................................. 263
8. In-Service Commissioning ..........................................................264
Before You Start............................................................................... 264
What You Will Need.................................................................... 264
Antenna Alignment............................................................................ 265
Aligning the Antennas ................................................................. 265

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Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
9. Product Options ......................................................................266
Dual Antenna Port............................................................................. 266
Full Duplex Base Station ..................................................................... 266
Protected Station ............................................................................. 267
Protected Ports ......................................................................... 268
Operation................................................................................ 268
Switch Over ...................................................................... 268
Switching Criteria ............................................................... 269
Monitored Alarms................................................................ 270
Configuration Management .................................................... 271
Hardware Manual Lock ......................................................... 272
Remote Control.................................................................. 272
L2 / L3 Protection Operation .................................................. 273
Hot-Swappable................................................................... 273
Antenna and Duplexer Options ................................................ 274
Installation .............................................................................. 276
Mounting.......................................................................... 276
Cabling ............................................................................ 277
Power ............................................................................. 279
Alarms............................................................................. 279
Maintenance ............................................................................ 280
Changing the Protected Station IP Addresses ............................... 280
Protected Station Software Upgrade ......................................... 280
Creating a Protected Station .................................................. 281
Replacing a Protected Station Faulty Radio ................................. 281
Replacing a faulty power supply .............................................. 282
Spares .................................................................................... 282
Replacing a Faulty Protection Switch ........................................ 282
Duplexer Kits................................................................................... 283
Radio Duplexer Kits .................................................................... 283
Protected Station Duplexer Kits...................................................... 285
USB RS-232 / RS-485 Serial Port............................................................. 288
USB RS-232 / RS-485 operation....................................................... 288
USB RS-232 Cabling Options........................................................... 289
USB RS-485 Cabling Options........................................................... 289
USB Retention Clip .............................................................. 290
10. Maintenance ..........................................................................291
No User-Serviceable Components ........................................................... 291
Radio Software Upgrade...................................................................... 292
Network Software Upgrade ........................................................... 292
Upgrade Process ................................................................. 292
Single Radio Software Upgrade....................................................... 293
File Transfer Method............................................................ 293
USB Boot Upgrade Method ..................................................... 294
Software Downgrade ............................................................ 295

Contents | 11
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
11. Interface Connections...............................................................296
RJ45 Connector Pin Assignments............................................................ 296
Ethernet Interface Connections ............................................................. 296
RS-232 Serial Interface Connections........................................................ 297
Alarm Interface Connections ................................................................ 298
Protection Switch Remote Control Connections .......................................... 298
12. Alarm Types and Sources...........................................................299
Alarm Types.................................................................................... 299
Alarm Events ............................................................................ 300
Informational Events................................................................... 305
13. Specifications .........................................................................306
RF Specifications .............................................................................. 306
Frequency Bands ....................................................................... 306
Channel Sizes ........................................................................... 307
Receiver ................................................................................. 311
Transmitter ............................................................................. 312
Modem ................................................................................... 313
Data Payload Security ................................................................. 313
Interface Specifications ...................................................................... 314
Ethernet Interface ..................................................................... 314
RS-232 Asynchronous Interface....................................................... 315
Hardware Alarms Interface ........................................................... 316
Protection Switch Specifications..................................................... 316
Power Specifications.......................................................................... 317
Power Supply............................................................................ 317
Power Consumption .................................................................... 318
Power Dissipation ...................................................................... 318
General Specifications........................................................................ 319
Environmental .......................................................................... 319
Mechanical .............................................................................. 319
Compliance.............................................................................. 320
14. Product End Of Life..................................................................321
End-of-Life Recycling Programme (WEEE) ................................................. 321
The WEEE Symbol Explained.......................................................... 321
WEEE Must Be Collected Separately ................................................. 321
YOUR ROLE in the Recovery of WEEE................................................ 321
EEE Waste Impacts the Environment and Health .................................. 321
15. Abbreviations .........................................................................323
16. Index ...................................................................................324

Getting Started | 13
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
1. Getting Started
This section is an overview of the steps required to commission an Aprisa SR radio network in the field:
Phase 1:
Pre-installation
1.
Confirm path planning.
Page 48
2.
Ensure that the site preparation is complete:
Power requirements
Tower requirements
Environmental considerations, for example, temperature control
Mounting space
Page 51
Phase 2:
Installing the radios
1.
Mount the radio.
Page 54
2.
Connect earthing to the radio.
Page 53
3.
Confirm that the:
Antenna is mounted and visually aligned
Feeder cable is connected to the antenna
Feeder connections are tightened to recommended level
Tower earthing is complete
4.
Install lightning protection.
Page 53
5.
Connect the coaxial jumper cable between the lightning protection and the
radio antenna port.
Page 58
6.
Connect the power to the radio.
Page 59

14 | Getting Started
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Phase 3:
Establishing the link
1.
If radio’s IP address is not the default IP address (169.254.50.10 with a subnet
mask of 255.255.0.0) and you don’t know the radio’s IP address see ‘Command
Line Interface’on page 259.
Page 259
2.
Connect the Ethernet cable between the radio’s Ethernet port and the PC.
3.
Confirm that the PC IP settings are correct for the Ethernet connection:
IP address
Subnet mask
Gateway IP address
Page 67
4.
Open a web browser and login to the radio.
Page 71
5.
Set or confirm the RF characteristics:
TX and RX frequencies
TX output power
Page 92
6.
Compare the actual RSSI to the expected RSSI value (from your path planning).
7.
Align the antennas.
Page 265
8.
Confirm that the radio is operating correctly; the OK, MODE and AUX LEDs are
green.

Introduction | 15
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
2. Introduction
About This Manual
What It Covers
This user manual describes how to install and configure an Aprisa SR point-to-multipoint digital radio
network.
It specifically documents an Aprisa SR radio running system software version 1.2.7.
It is recommended that you read the relevant sections of this manual before installing or operating the
radios.
Who Should Read It
This manual has been written for professional field technicians and engineers who have an appropriate
level of training and experience.
Contact Us
If you experience any difficulty installing or using Aprisa SR after reading this manual, please contact
Customer Support or your local 4RF representative.
Our area representative contact details are available from our website:
4RF Limited
26 Glover Street, Ngauranga
PO Box 13-506
Wellington 6032
New Zealand
E-mail
[email protected]
Web site
www.4rf.com
Telephone
[phone]
Facsimile
[phone]
Attention
Customer Services
What’s in the Box
Inside the box you will find:
One Aprisa SR radio fitted with a power connector.
One Aprisa SR Accessory kit containing the following:
Aprisa SR CD
Aprisa SR Quick Start Guide
Management Cable

16 | Introduction
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Aprisa SR Accessory Kit
The accessory kit contains the following items:
Aprisa SR Quick Start Guide
Aprisa SR CD
Management Cable
USB Cable USB A to USB micro B, 1m
Aprisa SR CD Contents
The Aprisa SR CD contains the following:
Software
The latest version of the radio software (see ‘Radio Software Upgrade’on page 292)
USB Serial Driver
Web browsers - Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer are included for your convenience
Adobe™ Acrobat® Reader® which you need to view the PDF files on the Aprisa SR CD
Documentation
User manual - an electronic (PDF) version for you to view online or print
Product collateral - application overviews, product description, quick start guide, case studies,
software release notes and white papers

About the Radio | 17
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
3. About the Radio
The 4RF Aprisa SR Radio
The 4RF Aprisa SR is a point-to-multipoint digital radio providing secure narrowband wireless data
connectivity for SCADA, infrastructure and telemetry applications.
The radios carry a combination of serial data and Ethernet data between the base station, repeater
stations and remote stations.
A single Aprisa SR is configurable as a point-to-multipoint base station, a remote station or a repeater
station.

18 | About the Radio
Aprisa SRx User Manual 1.3.0
Product Overview
Network Coverage and Capacity
The Aprisa SR has a typical link range of up to 120 km, however, geographic features, such as hills,
mountains, trees and foliage, or other path obstructions, such as buildings, will limit radio coverage.
Additionally, geography may reduce network capacity at the edge of the network where errors may occur
and require retransmission. However, the Aprisa SR uses 10W output power and Forward Error Correction
(FEC) which greatly improves the sensitivity and system gain performance of the radio resulting in less
retries and minimal reduction in capacity.
Ultimately, the overall performance of any specific network will be defined by a range of factors including
the RF output power, the modulation used and its related receiver sensitivity, the geographic location,
the number of remote stations in the base station coverage area and the traffic profile across the
network. Effective network design will distribute the total number of remote stations across the available
base stations to ensure optimal geographic coverage and network capacity.
One base station can register and operate with up to 500 remote / repeater stations.
The practical limit of remote / repeater stations that can operate with one base station is determined by
a range of factors including the number of services, the packet sizes, the protocols used, the message
types and network timeouts.
Automatic Registration
On start-up, the remote station transmits a registration message to the base stations which responds with
a registration response. This allows the base station to record the details of all the remote stations active
in the network.
If a remote station cannot register with the base station after multiple attempts within 10 minutes, it will
automatically reboot. If remote is not able to register with base station in 5 attempts, then a ‘Network
Configuration Warning’ alarm event will be raised indicating that a remote is not registered with the base
station.
If a remote station has registered with the base station but then loses communication, it will
automatically reboot within 2 minutes.
Remote Messaging
There are two message types in the Aprisa SR network, broadcast messages and unicast messages.
Broadcast messages are transmitted by the base station to the remote stations and unicast messages are
transmitted by the remote station to the base station. These messages are commonly referred to as uplink
(unicast remote to base) and downlink (broadcast base to remote).
All remotes within the coverage area will receive broadcast messages and pass them on to either the
Ethernet or serial interface. The RTU determines if the message is intended for it and will accept it or
discard it.