ABB Relion 670 series Product manual

Relion® 670 series
Line differential protection RED670 ANSI
Technical reference manual

Document ID: 1MRK505222-UUS
Issued: February 2015
Revision: C
Product version: 1.2
© Copyright 2012 ABB. All rights reserved

Copyright
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written
permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party,
nor used for any unauthorized purpose.
The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and
may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
Trademarks
ABB and Relion are registered trademarks of the ABB Group. All other brand or
product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.
Warranty
Please inquire about the terms of warranty from your nearest ABB representative.
ABB Inc.
1021 Main Campus Drive
Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
Toll Free: 1-800-HELP-365, menu option #8
ABB Inc.
3450 Harvester Road
Burlington, ON L7N 3W5, Canada
Toll Free: 1-800-HELP-365, menu option #8
ABB Mexico S.A. de C.V.
Paseo de las Americas No. 31 Lomas Verdes 3a secc.
53125, Naucalpan, Estado De Mexico, MEXICO
Phone: [phone], menu option #8

Disclaimer
The data, examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for the concept or
product description and are not to be deemed as a statement of guaranteed properties.
All persons responsible for applying the equipment addressed in this manual must
satisfy themselves that each intended application is suitable and acceptable, including
that any applicable safety or other operational requirements are complied with. In
particular, any risks in applications where a system failure and/or product failure would
create a risk for harm to property or persons (including but not limited to personal
injuries or death) shall be the sole responsibility of the person or entity applying the
equipment, and those so responsible are hereby requested to ensure that all measures
are taken to exclude or mitigate such risks.
This document has been carefully checked by ABB but deviations cannot be
completely ruled out. In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to
notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no
event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use
of this manual or the application of the equipment.

Conformity
This product complies with the directive of the Council of the European Communities
on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for
use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This
conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product
standards EN 50263 and EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product
standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive. The product is
designed in accordance with the international standards of the IEC 60255 series and
ANSI C37.90.

Table of contents
Section 1 Introduction..........................................................................35
Introduction to the technical reference manual.......................................35
About the complete set of manuals for an IED..................................35
About the technical reference manual...............................................36
This manual.......................................................................................37
Introduction...................................................................................37
Principle of operation....................................................................37
Input and output signals...............................................................41
Function block..............................................................................41
Setting parameters.......................................................................42
Technical data..............................................................................42
Intended audience.............................................................................42
Related documents............................................................................42
Revision notes...................................................................................43
Section 2 Analog inputs.......................................................................45
Introduction.............................................................................................45
Operation principle..................................................................................45
Function block.........................................................................................46
Setting parameters.................................................................................47
Section 3 Local HMI............................................................................55
Human machine interface ......................................................................55
Medium size graphic HMI.......................................................................56
Medium..............................................................................................56
Design................................................................................................56
Keypad....................................................................................................58
LED.........................................................................................................59
Introduction........................................................................................59
Status indication LEDs......................................................................59
Indication LEDs.................................................................................60
Local HMI related functions....................................................................61
Introduction........................................................................................61
General setting parameters...............................................................61
Status LEDs.......................................................................................61
Design..........................................................................................61
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Function block..............................................................................62
Input and output signals...............................................................62
Indication LEDs.................................................................................62
Introduction...................................................................................62
Design..........................................................................................63
Function block..............................................................................71
Input and output signals...............................................................71
Setting parameters.......................................................................72
Section 4 Basic IED functions.............................................................75
Authorization...........................................................................................75
Principle of operation.........................................................................75
Authorization handling in the IED.................................................77
Self supervision with internal event list...................................................78
Introduction........................................................................................78
Principle of operation.........................................................................78
Internal signals.............................................................................80
Run-time model............................................................................82
Function block...................................................................................83
Output signals....................................................................................83
Setting parameters............................................................................83
Technical data...................................................................................83
Time synchronization..............................................................................84
Introduction........................................................................................84
Principle of operation.........................................................................84
General concepts.........................................................................84
Real-time clock (RTC) operation..................................................87
Synchronization alternatives.........................................................88
Process bus IEC 61850-9-2LE synchronization...........................91
Function block...................................................................................91
Output signals....................................................................................92
Setting parameters............................................................................92
Technical data...................................................................................95
Parameter setting groups.......................................................................95
Introduction........................................................................................95
Principle of operation.........................................................................95
Function block...................................................................................96
Input and output signals....................................................................97
Setting parameters............................................................................97
ChangeLock function CHNGLCK...........................................................98
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Introduction........................................................................................98
Principle of operation.........................................................................98
Function block...................................................................................99
Input and output signals....................................................................99
Setting parameters............................................................................99
Test mode functionality TEST.................................................................99
Introduction........................................................................................99
Principle of operation.......................................................................100
Function block.................................................................................102
Input and output signals..................................................................102
Setting parameters..........................................................................102
IED identifiers.......................................................................................103
Introduction......................................................................................103
Setting parameters..........................................................................103
Product information...............................................................................103
Introduction......................................................................................103
Setting parameters..........................................................................104
Factory defined settings..................................................................104
Signal matrix for binary inputs SMBI.....................................................104
Introduction......................................................................................104
Principle of operation.......................................................................105
Function block.................................................................................105
Input and output signals..................................................................105
Signal matrix for binary outputs SMBO ................................................106
Introduction......................................................................................106
Principle of operation.......................................................................106
Function block.................................................................................107
Input and output signals..................................................................107
Signal matrix for mA inputs SMMI........................................................107
Introduction......................................................................................107
Principle of operation.......................................................................108
Function block.................................................................................108
Input and output signals..................................................................108
Signal matrix for analog inputs SMAI....................................................109
Introduction......................................................................................109
Principle of operation.......................................................................109
Frequency values............................................................................109
Function block.................................................................................111
Input and output signals..................................................................111
Setting parameters..........................................................................112
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Summation block 3 phase 3PHSUM....................................................114
Introduction......................................................................................114
Principle of operation.......................................................................114
Function block.................................................................................115
Input and output signals..................................................................115
Setting parameters..........................................................................115
Authority status ATHSTAT....................................................................116
Introduction......................................................................................116
Principle of operation.......................................................................116
Function block.................................................................................117
Output signals..................................................................................117
Setting parameters..........................................................................117
Denial of service DOS..........................................................................117
Introduction......................................................................................117
Principle of operation.......................................................................117
Function blocks................................................................................118
Signals.............................................................................................118
Settings............................................................................................119
Section 5 Differential protection........................................................121
Line differential protection.....................................................................121
Introduction......................................................................................122
Line differential protection, 3 or 6 CT sets L3CPDIF,
L6CPDIF.....................................................................................122
Line differential protection 3 or 6 CT sets, with in-zone
transformers LT3CPDIF, LT6CPDIF..........................................124
Analog signal transfer for line differential protection...................124
Principle of operation.......................................................................126
Algorithm and logic.....................................................................126
Time synchronization..................................................................134
Analog signal communication for line differential protection.......135
Open CT detection feature.........................................................138
Binary signal transfer..................................................................140
Line differential coordination function LDLPDIF (87L)................140
Function block.................................................................................141
Input and output signals..................................................................145
Setting parameters..........................................................................150
Technical data.................................................................................160
1Ph High impedance differential protection HZPDIF (87).....................161
Identification....................................................................................161
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Introduction......................................................................................161
Principle of operation.......................................................................162
Logic diagram.............................................................................162
Function block.................................................................................163
Input and output signals..................................................................163
Setting parameters..........................................................................163
Technical data.................................................................................164
Additional security logic for differential protection STSGGIO (11)........164
Introduction......................................................................................164
Principle of operation.......................................................................165
Function block.................................................................................170
Input and output signals..................................................................170
Setting parameters..........................................................................171
Technical data.................................................................................172
Section 6 Impedance protection .......................................................173
Distance measuring zones, quadrilateral characteristic ZMQPDIS
(21), ZMQAPDIS (21), ZDRDIR (21D)..................................................173
Identification....................................................................................173
Introduction(21)...............................................................................173
Principle of operation.......................................................................174
Full scheme measurement.........................................................174
Impedance characteristic............................................................175
Minimum operating current.........................................................179
Measuring principles...................................................................180
Directional impedance element for quadrilateral
characteristics.............................................................................182
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................185
Function block.................................................................................189
Input and output signals..................................................................190
Setting parameters..........................................................................192
Technical data.................................................................................194
Distance measuring zone, quadrilateral characteristic for series
compensated lines ZMCPDIS (21), ZMCAPDIS (21), ZDSRDIR
(21D).....................................................................................................195
Introduction......................................................................................195
Principle of operation.......................................................................196
Full scheme measurement.........................................................196
Impedance characteristic............................................................197
Minimum operating current.........................................................201
Measuring principles...................................................................202
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Directionality for series compensation........................................204
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................207
Function block.................................................................................211
Input and output signals..................................................................212
Setting parameters..........................................................................214
Technical data.................................................................................218
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle
FDPSPDIS (21)....................................................................................218
Identification....................................................................................218
Introduction......................................................................................218
Principle of operation.......................................................................219
Phase-to-ground fault.................................................................221
Phase-to-phase fault..................................................................223
Three-phase faults......................................................................225
Load encroachment....................................................................225
Minimum operate currents..........................................................230
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................231
Function block.................................................................................236
Input and output signals..................................................................236
Setting parameters..........................................................................237
Technical data.................................................................................239
Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic ZMHPDIS
(21).......................................................................................................239
Introduction......................................................................................239
Principle of operation.......................................................................241
Full scheme measurement.........................................................241
Impedance characteristic............................................................241
Basic operation characteristics...................................................242
Theory of operation....................................................................244
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................254
Function block.................................................................................257
Input and output signals..................................................................258
Setting parameters..........................................................................259
Technical data.................................................................................260
Full-scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for earth faults
ZMMPDIS (21), ZMMAPDIS (21).........................................................261
Introduction......................................................................................261
Principle of operation.......................................................................262
Full scheme measurement.........................................................262
Impedance characteristic............................................................263
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Minimum operating current.........................................................265
Measuring principles...................................................................266
Directional lines..........................................................................268
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................270
Function block.................................................................................273
Input and output signals..................................................................273
Setting parameters..........................................................................275
Technical data.................................................................................276
Directional impedance element for mho characteristic and
additional distance protection directional function for earth faults
ZDMRDIR (21D), ZDARDIR.................................................................276
Introduction......................................................................................277
Principle of operation.......................................................................277
Directional impedance element for mho characteristic
ZDMRDIR (21D).........................................................................277
Additional distance protection directional function for ground
faults ZDARDIR..........................................................................280
Function block.................................................................................282
Input and output signals..................................................................283
Setting parameters..........................................................................284
Mho impedance supervision logic ZSMGAPC......................................285
Introduction......................................................................................285
Principle of operation.......................................................................285
Fault inception detection.............................................................285
Function block.................................................................................287
Input and output signals..................................................................287
Setting parameters..........................................................................288
Faulty phase identification with load encroachment FMPSPDIS
(21).......................................................................................................288
Introduction......................................................................................288
Principle of operation.......................................................................289
The phase selection function......................................................289
Function block.................................................................................301
Input and output signals..................................................................302
Setting parameters..........................................................................302
Technical data.................................................................................303
Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic, separate
settings ZMRPDIS (21), ZMRAPDIS (21) and ZDRDIR (21D).............303
Introduction......................................................................................304
Principle of operation.......................................................................305
Full scheme measurement.........................................................305
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Impedance characteristic............................................................306
Minimum operating current.........................................................310
Measuring principles...................................................................310
Directional impedance element for quadrilateral
characteristics.............................................................................313
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................316
Function block.................................................................................320
Input and output signals..................................................................321
Setting parameters..........................................................................323
Technical data.................................................................................325
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle
FRPSPDIS (21)....................................................................................326
Introduction......................................................................................326
Principle of operation.......................................................................326
Phase-to-ground fault.................................................................329
Phase-to-phase fault..................................................................331
Three-phase faults......................................................................332
Load encroachment....................................................................333
Minimum operate currents..........................................................338
Simplified logic diagrams............................................................339
Function block.................................................................................344
Input and output signals..................................................................344
Setting parameters..........................................................................345
Technical data.................................................................................346
Power swing detection ZMRPSB (68)..................................................347
Introduction......................................................................................347
Principle of operation.......................................................................347
Resistive reach in forward direction............................................349
Resistive reach in reverse direction............................................349
Reactive reach in forward and reverse direction........................350
Basic detection logic...................................................................350
Operating and inhibit conditions.................................................352
Function block.................................................................................353
Input and output signals..................................................................354
Setting parameters..........................................................................354
Technical data.................................................................................355
Power swing logic ZMRPSL ................................................................356
Introduction......................................................................................356
Principle of operation.......................................................................356
Communication and tripping logic..............................................356
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Blocking logic..............................................................................358
Function block.................................................................................359
Input and output signals..................................................................359
Setting parameters..........................................................................360
Pole slip protection PSPPPAM (78)......................................................360
Introduction......................................................................................360
Principle of operation.......................................................................361
Function block.................................................................................366
Input and output signals..................................................................366
Setting parameters..........................................................................367
Technical data.................................................................................368
Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current based
ZCVPSOF ............................................................................................368
Introduction......................................................................................368
Principle of operation.......................................................................369
Function block.................................................................................371
Input and output signals..................................................................371
Setting parameters..........................................................................371
Technical data.................................................................................372
Phase preference logic PPLPHIZ.........................................................372
Introduction......................................................................................372
Principle of operation.......................................................................373
Function block.................................................................................375
Input and output signals..................................................................376
Setting parameters..........................................................................376
Section 7 Current protection..............................................................379
Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 3-phase output
PHPIOC (50).........................................................................................379
Introduction......................................................................................379
Principle of operation.......................................................................379
Function block.................................................................................380
Input and output signals..................................................................380
Setting parameters..........................................................................381
Technical data.................................................................................381
Four step phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC (51/67).................381
Introduction......................................................................................382
Principle of operation.......................................................................382
Function block.................................................................................388
Input and output signals..................................................................388
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Setting parameters..........................................................................390
Technical data.................................................................................396
Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection EFPIOC (50N).............396
Introduction......................................................................................397
Principle of operation.......................................................................397
Function block.................................................................................397
Input and output signals..................................................................398
Setting parameters..........................................................................398
Technical data.................................................................................398
Four step residual overcurrent protection, zero, negative sequence
direction EF4PTOC (51N/67N).............................................................399
Introduction......................................................................................399
Principle of operation.......................................................................400
Operating quantity within the function........................................400
Internal polarizing.......................................................................401
External polarizing for ground-fault function...............................403
Base quantities within the protection..........................................404
Internal ground-fault protection structure....................................404
Four residual overcurrent steps..................................................404
Directional supervision element with integrated directional
comparison function...................................................................405
Second harmonic blocking element............................................408
Switch on to fault feature............................................................410
Function block.................................................................................413
Input and output signals..................................................................414
Setting parameters..........................................................................415
Technical data.................................................................................420
Four step directional negative phase sequence overcurrent
protection NS4PTOC (46I2)..................................................................421
Introduction......................................................................................421
Principle of operation.......................................................................422
Operating quantity within the function........................................422
Internal polarizing facility of the function.....................................423
External polarizing for negative sequence function....................424
Base quantities within the function.............................................424
Internal negative sequence protection structure.........................424
Four negative sequence overcurrent stages..............................424
Directional supervision element with integrated directional
comparison function...................................................................426
Function block.................................................................................429
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Input and output signals..................................................................429
Setting parameters..........................................................................430
Technical data.................................................................................435
Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and power protection
SDEPSDE (67N)...................................................................................436
Introduction......................................................................................436
Principle of operation.......................................................................438
Function inputs...........................................................................438
Function block.................................................................................445
Input and output signals..................................................................445
Setting parameters..........................................................................446
Technical data.................................................................................448
Thermal overload protection, one time constant LPTTR......................449
Introduction......................................................................................449
Principle of operation.......................................................................450
Function block.................................................................................454
Input and output signals..................................................................454
Setting parameters..........................................................................455
Technical data.................................................................................456
Breaker failure protection CCRBRF (50BF)..........................................456
Introduction......................................................................................457
Operation principle..........................................................................457
Function block.................................................................................460
Input and output signals..................................................................460
Setting parameters..........................................................................461
Technical data.................................................................................461
Stub protection STBPTOC (50STB).....................................................462
Introduction......................................................................................462
Principle of operation.......................................................................462
Function block.................................................................................463
Input and output signals..................................................................464
Setting parameters..........................................................................464
Technical data.................................................................................465
Pole discrepancy protection CCRPLD (52PD).....................................465
Introduction......................................................................................465
Principle of operation.......................................................................466
Pole discrepancy signaling from circuit breaker.........................468
Unsymmetrical current detection................................................468
Function block.................................................................................469
Input and output signals..................................................................469
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Setting parameters..........................................................................470
Technical data.................................................................................470
Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP (37)..............................470
Introduction......................................................................................471
Principle of operation.......................................................................472
Low pass filtering........................................................................474
Calibration of analog inputs........................................................474
Function block.................................................................................476
Input and output signals..................................................................476
Setting parameters..........................................................................477
Technical data.................................................................................478
Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP (32)................................478
Introduction......................................................................................478
Principle of operation.......................................................................479
Low pass filtering........................................................................482
Calibration of analog inputs........................................................482
Function block.................................................................................484
Input and output signals..................................................................484
Setting parameters..........................................................................485
Technical data.................................................................................486
Broken conductor check BRCPTOC (46).............................................486
Introduction......................................................................................486
Principle of operation.......................................................................487
Function block.................................................................................488
Input and output signals..................................................................488
Setting parameters..........................................................................489
Technical data.................................................................................489
Section 8 Voltage protection.............................................................491
Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV (27)................................491
Introduction......................................................................................491
Principle of operation.......................................................................491
Measurement principle...............................................................492
Time delay..................................................................................492
Blocking......................................................................................498
Design........................................................................................499
Function block.................................................................................501
Input and output signals..................................................................501
Setting parameters..........................................................................502
Technical data.................................................................................504
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Two step overvoltage protection OV2PTOV (59).................................505
Introduction......................................................................................505
Principle of operation.......................................................................505
Measurement principle...............................................................506
Time delay..................................................................................507
Blocking......................................................................................512
Design........................................................................................512
Function block.................................................................................514
Input and output signals..................................................................514
Setting parameters..........................................................................515
Technical data.................................................................................517
Two step residual overvoltage protection ROV2PTOV (59N)...............518
Introduction......................................................................................518
Principle of operation.......................................................................518
Measurement principle...............................................................519
Time delay..................................................................................519
Blocking......................................................................................524
Design........................................................................................524
Function block.................................................................................525
Input and output signals..................................................................526
Setting parameters..........................................................................526
Technical data.................................................................................528
Overexcitation protection OEXPVPH (24)............................................529
Introduction......................................................................................529
Principle of operation.......................................................................529
Measured voltage.......................................................................532
Operate time of the overexcitation protection.............................533
Cooling.......................................................................................537
Overexcitation protection function measurands.........................537
Overexcitation alarm...................................................................538
Logic diagram.............................................................................539
Function block.................................................................................539
Input and output signals..................................................................540
Setting parameters..........................................................................540
Technical data.................................................................................541
Voltage differential protection VDCPTOV (60).....................................542
Introduction......................................................................................542
Principle of operation.......................................................................542
Function block.................................................................................544
Input and output signals..................................................................544
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Setting parameters..........................................................................545
Technical data.................................................................................545
Loss of voltage check LOVPTUV (27)..................................................546
Introduction......................................................................................546
Principle of operation.......................................................................546
Function block.................................................................................547
Input and output signals..................................................................548
Setting parameters..........................................................................548
Technical data.................................................................................549
Section 9 Frequency protection.........................................................551
Underfrequency protection SAPTUF (81).............................................551
Introduction......................................................................................551
Principle of operation.......................................................................551
Measurement principle...............................................................552
Time delay..................................................................................552
Voltage dependent time delay....................................................553
Blocking......................................................................................554
Design........................................................................................554
Function block.................................................................................555
Input and output signals..................................................................555
Setting parameters..........................................................................556
Technical data.................................................................................557
Overfrequency protection SAPTOF (81)...............................................557
Introduction......................................................................................558
Principle of operation.......................................................................558
Measurement principle...............................................................558
Time delay..................................................................................558
Blocking......................................................................................559
Design........................................................................................559
Function block.................................................................................560
Input and output signals..................................................................560
Setting parameters..........................................................................561
Technical data.................................................................................561
Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC (81)............................561
Introduction......................................................................................562
Principle of operation.......................................................................562
Measurement principle...............................................................562
Time delay..................................................................................563
Blocking......................................................................................563
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