ABB REJ 527 User manual

Directional or Non-Directional
Earth-Fault Relay
Product Guide
REJ 527

3
Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
Features • Directional or non-directional low-set earth-
fault current stage with definite-time or
inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) char-
acteristic
• Directional or non-directional high-set
earth-fault current stage with definite-time
characteristic
• Deblocking zero-sequence voltage stage
with definite-time characteristic
• The two earth-fault current stages can be
configured to operate alternatively as two
voltage stages: three-stage voltage moni-
toring operation possible
• Intermittent earth-fault protection
• Circuit-breaker failure protection (CBFP)
• Disturbance recorder
- recording time up to 19 seconds
- triggering by a start or a trip signal from
any protection stage and/or by a binary
input signal
- records two analogue channels and
seven digital channels
- adjustable sampling rate
• Non-volatile memory for
- up to 60 event codes
- setting values
- disturbance recorder data
- recorded data of the five last events with
time stamp
- number of starts for each stage
- alarm indication messages and LEDs
showing the status at the moment of
power failure
• Galvanically isolated binary input with a
wide input voltage range
• Allsettings can be modified with a personal
computer
• HMI with an alphanumeric LCD and
manoeuvring buttons
• IEC 60870-5-103 and SPA bus communi-
cation protocols
• Two normally open power output contacts
• Two change-over signal output contacts
• Output contact functions freely config-
urable for desired operation
• Optical PC-connector for two-way data
communication (front)
• RS-485 connector (rear) for system com-
munication
• Continuous self-supervision of electronics
and software. At an internal relay fault
(IRF), all protection stages and outputs are
blocked.
• User-selectable rated frequency 50/60 Hz
• User-selectable password protection for
the HMI
• Display of primary current and voltage val-
ues as well as phase angle values
• Multi-language support
Application The directional or non-directional earth-fault
relay REJ 527 is a secondary relay which is
connected to the voltage and current trans-
formers of the object to be protected. The
earth-fault current and the zero-sequence
voltage unit continuously measure the zero-
sequence voltage, earth-fault current and
phase angle of the object. On detection of a
fault, the relay will start, trip the circuit
breaker, provide alarms, record fault data,
etc., in accordance with the application and
the configured relay functions.
The voltage unit includes low-set stage U0b>
and the earth-fault current unit low-set stage
I0> and high-set stage I0>>. The earth-fault
stages can be replaced by two additional volt-
age stages, low-set stage U0> and high-set
stage U0>>.
The protection functions are independent of
each other and have their own setting groups
and data recordings. The voltage and current
functions use conventional transformer mea-
surement.
An output contact matrix allows start or trip
signals from the protection stages to be
routed to the desired output contact.
Design The relay includes a high-set and low-set
earth-fault current unit, a zero-sequence volt-
age unit and a circuit-breaker failure protec-
tion unit. Further, the relay includes an HMI
module, a self-supervision system and a dis-
turbance recorder.
1MRS751132-MBG
Issued: 17.06.19994
Status: Updated
Version: C/16.10.2002
Data subject to change without notice

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
4
Directional or non-directional
earth-fault current unit
The high-set and the low-set stage the direc-
tional earth-fault current unit can be config-
ured to be either directional or non-direc-
tional. The directional earth-fault stages can
be given either a basic angle or a sin(ϕ) or a
cos(ϕ) characteristic.
The start and the tripping of the directional
earth-fault stages with the basic angle charac-
teristic are based on measuring the earth-fault
current, I0, the zero-sequence voltage, U0,
and the phase angle, ϕ, between the voltage
and the current. An earth-fault stage will start
when the following three criteria are fulfilled
at the same time:
• The earth-fault current, I0, exceeds the set
start value of the low- or high-set earth-
fault stage.
• The zero-sequence voltage, U0, exceeds
the set start value of U0b>, which is the
same for both stages in the deblocking
mode.
• The phase angle, ϕ, between the voltage
and current falls within the operation sec-
tor ϕb±∆ϕ.
The basic angle of the network is -90°for iso-
lated neutral networks and 0°for resonant
earthed networks, earthed with an arc sup-
pression coil (Petersen coil) with or without a
parallel resistor. The operation sector is
selectable and can be either
∆ϕ = ±80°or ±88°. Both operation sectors
can be extended.
When an earth-fault stage starts, a start signal
will begenerated and a start indication shown
on the HMI. If the above mentioned criteria
remain fulfilled until the set operate time
elapses, the stage will deliver a trip signal and
a trip indication will be shown on the HMI.
The trip indication will remain active
although the protection stage is reset. The
direction of the fault spot is determined by
means of the angle between the voltage and
the current. Basic angleϕbcan be set between
-90°and 0°. When basic angle ϕbis 0-°, the
negative quadrant of the operation sector can
be extended with ϕa. Extended operation sec-
tor ϕacan be set between 0 and 90°.
The start and the tripping of the directional
earth-fault stages with the sin(ϕ) or the cos(ϕ)
characteristic are based on measuring the
earth-fault current, I0, the zero-sequence volt-
age, U0, and the phase angle, ϕ, between the
voltage and the current. The sinus or cosinus
value of the phase angle is calculated and
multiplied by the earth-fault current to get the
directional earth-fault current, Iϕ.An earth-
fault stage will start when the following three
criteria are fulfilled at the same time:
• The directional earth-fault current, Iϕ,
exceeds the set start value of the low- or
high-set earth-fault stage.
• The zero-sequence voltage, U0, exceeds
the set start value of U0b>, which is the
same for both stages in the deblocking
mode.
• The phase angle, ϕ, between the voltage
and the current falls within the operation
sector, corrected with ϕc.
When an earth-fault stage starts, a start signal
will be generated and a start indication shown
on the HMI. If the above mentioned criteria
remain fulfilled until the set operate time
elapses, the stage will deliver a trip signal and
a trip indication will be shown on the HMI.
The trip indication will remain active
although the protection stage is reset. The
direction of the fault spot is determined by
means of the angle between the voltage and
the current. Directional earth-fault character-
istic sin(ϕ) corresponds to the earth-fault pro-
tection with the basic angle -90° and cos(ϕ)
to the earth-fault protection with the basic
angle 0°.
The operation directions, forward or reverse,
of the directional earth-fault stages can be
selected independently of each other. The
directional stages may also be separately con-
figured to be non-directional.
The low-set stage I0> can also be used for
protection against intermittent earth-faults,
which may occur in insulated cables used in
compensated networks.
When the earth-fault current exceeds the set
start value of low-set stage I0>, the earth-fault
unit will start to deliver a start signal after a
~70 ms’ start time. When the set operate time
at definite-time characteristic or the calcu-
lated operate time at inverse definite mini-
mum time (IDTM) characteristic elapses, the
earth-fault unit will deliver a trip signal.
When the earth-fault current exceeds the set
start value of high-set stage I0>>, the earth-
fault unit will start to deliver a start signal
after a ~60 ms’ start time. When the set oper-
ate time elapses, the earth-fault unit will
deliver a trip signal.

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
5
It is possible to block the start and the trip-
ping of an earth-fault stage by applying an
external binary input signal to the relay.
The low-set stage of the earth-fault unit can
be given either a definite-time or an inverse
IDMT characteristic. At IDMT characteristic,
six time/current curve groups are available, of
which four comply with the IEC 60255 stan-
dard: the normal inverse, very inverse,
extremely inverse and long time inverse. The
two additional IDMT curve groups, referred
to as RI and RD, are special curve groups
according to ABB praxis.
The inverse-time function of stage I0> can be
set to be inhibited when stage I0>> starts. In
this case the operate time will be determined
by stage I0>>.
The high-set stage can be set out of operation.
This state will be indicated by dashes on the
LCD and by “999” when the set start value is
read via serial communication.
The set start value of stage I0>> can be auto-
matically doubled in a start situation, e.g.
when the object to be protected is connected
to a distribution network. Thus a set start
value below the connection inrush current
level may be selected for stage I0>>. A start
situation is defined as a situation where the
earth-fault current rises from a value below
12% x I0> to a value above 150% x I0> in less
than 60 ms. The start situation ends when the
current falls below 125% x I0>.
Zero-sequence voltage unit
When the zero-sequence voltage exceeds the
set start value of low-set stage U0b>, the volt-
age unit will start to deliver a start signal after
a ~70 ms’ start time. When the set operate
time at definite-time characteristic elapses,
the voltage unit will deliver a trip signal.
The two current stages, I0> and I0>>, can be
replaced by two additional voltage stages,
low-set stage U0> and high-setstage U0>>, to
create a three-stage zero-sequence voltage
module. All three voltage stages measure the
same voltage but can have separate settings
both regarding sensitivity and operate time.
The signalling and trip relays can also be
selected separately for all three stages.
When the zero-sequence voltage exceeds the
set start value of low-set stage U0>, the volt-
age unit will start to deliver a start signal after
a ~70 ms’ start time. When the set operate
time at definite-time characteristic elapses,
the voltage unit will deliver a trip signal.
When the zero-sequence voltage exceeds the
set start value of high-set stage U0>>, the
voltage unit will start to deliver a start signal
after a ~60 ms’ start time. When the set oper-
ate time elapses, the voltage unit will deliver
a trip signal.
It is possible to block the start and the trip-
ping of a voltage stage by applying an exter-
nal binary input signal to the relay.
High-set stage U0>> can be set out of opera-
tion. This state will be indicated by dashes on
the LCD and by “999”when the set startvalue
is read via serial communication.
Circuit breaker failure
protection (CBFP) unit
The CBFP unit will generate a trip signal via
power output2 (PO2) if the fault has not been
cleared on expiration of the set operate time
0.10 s...1.00 s.
Normally, the CBFP unit controls the up-
stream circuit breaker. It can also be used for
tripping via redundant trip circuits of the
same circuit breaker. The CBFP unit is acti-
vated with a software switch.
Disturbance recorder
The REJ 527 includes an internal disturbance
recorder which records the momentary mea-
sured values, or the RMS curves of the mea-
sured signals, and seven digital signals: the
external binary input signal and the states of
the internal protection stages. The distur-
bance recorder can be set to be triggered by a
start or a trip signal from any protection stage
and/or by an external binary input signal, and
either on the falling or rising triggering edge.
The ratio of the pre- and post-triggering of
the recording can be set.
The recording length varies according to the
selected sampling frequency. The RMS curve
is recorded by selecting the sampling fre-
quency to be the same as the nominal fre-
quency of the relay. See the table below for
details:
Nominal
frequency Hz Sampling frequency Hz Recording length s
50 800 1.20
50 400 2.40
50 50 19.20

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
6
HMI module
The HMI of the REJ 527 is equipped with six
push-buttons and an alphanumeric 2 x 16
characters’ LCD. The push-buttons are used
for navigating in the menu structure and for
adjusting set values.
An HMI password can be set to protect all
user-changeable values from being changed
by an unauthorised person.
The REJ 527 offers you multi-language sup-
port. The following languages are available
for the HMI menu: English, German, French,
Spanish, Italian, Swedish and Finnish.
Self-supervision (IRF)
The REJ 527 is provided with an extensive
self-supervision system which continuously
supervises the software and the electronics of
the relay. It manages run-time fault situations
and informs the user about an existing fault
via a LED on the HMI and a text message on
the LCD.
Communication capabilities
The REJ 527 can be connected to a substation
automation or monitoring system using either
the SPA bus communication protocol or the
IEC 60870-5-103 remote communication
protocol. Both protocols are supported in the
same device.
The SPA bus communication protocol is an
asynchronous serial communication protocol
(1 start bit, 7 data bits + even parity, and 1
stop bit) with a selectable data transfer rate
(default 9.6 kbps). It is a master/slave proto-
col supporting one master device and several
slave devices. The SPA bus protocol can be
used to transfer data, e.g. measured currents,
registered values, events, and relay settings,
between the master and the slave device.
The REJ 527 supports the IEC 60870-5-103
remote communication protocol in the unbal-
anced transmission mode with a data transfer
rate of 9.6 kbps. The IEC 60870-5-103 proto-
col is used to transfer mesurand and status
data from the slave to the master. Disturbance
recorder data, however, cannot be transferred
using this protocol.
The REJ 527 is provided with two serial com-
munication ports, one on the rear panel and
the other on the front panel.
The REJ 527 is interfaced with a fibre-optic
bus by means of the bus connection module
RER 103 via the D9S-type RS-485 connector
on the rear panel of the device. The RER 103
enables the use of either the SPA bus or the
IEC 60870-5-103 communication protocol.
The use of the IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
normally requires the fibre-optic star coupler
RER 125.
The optical PC-connector on the front panel
is used to connect the relay to the CAP 501/
505 setting and configuration tools. The front
interface uses the SPA bus protocol. The opti-
cal PC-connector galvanically isolates the PC
from the relay. Since this connector is stan-
dardized for ABB relay products, only one
connecting cable (ABB art. No 1MKC-
950001-1) will be required.
The REJ 527 can also be connected to the
Lon bus using a LON-SPA Gateway.
Auxiliary voltage supply
The REJ 527 requires a secured auxiliary
voltage supply to operate. The internal power
supply of the relay forms the voltages requir-
ed by the relay electronics. The power supply
is a galvanically isolated (flyback-type)
DC/DC converter. When the auxiliary volt-
age is connected, the READY indicator LED
on the front panel will be on.
The primary side of the power supply is pro-
tected with a fuse located on the PCB of the
relay. The fuse size is 3.15 A (slow).
60 960 1.00
60 480 2.00
60 60 16.00
Nominal
frequency Hz Sampling frequency Hz Recording length s

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
7
Technical data Table 1: Energizing inputs
Rated frequency 50/60 Hz ±5 Hz
Current input
Rated current, In0.2 A 1 A 5 A
Thermal withstand capability
- continuously 1.5 A 4 A 20 A
- for 1 s 20 A 100 A 500 A
Dynamic current withstand
- half-wave value 50 A 250 A 1250 A
Input impedance < 750 mΩ< 100 mΩ< 20 mΩ
Voltage input
Rated voltage, Un100/110/115/120 V
Thermal withstand capability
- continuously 2 x Un
- for 10 s 3 x Un
Input impedance > 4.7 MΩ
Table 2: Measuring range
Measured residual voltage (U0) as a percentage of
the rated voltage of the energizing input 0...400% x Un
Measured earth-fault current (I0) as a percentage of
the rated current of the energizing input 0...800% x In
Table 3: Binary input
Operating range 18…265 V dc
Rated voltage Ur= 24/48/60/110/220 V dc
Current drain ~ 2…25 mA
Power consumption < 0.8 W
Table 4: Power outputs (PO1 and PO2)
Rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
Continuous carry 5 A
Make and carry for 3.0 s 15 A
Make and carry for 0.5 s 30 A
Breaking capacity when the control circuit time-
constant L/R < 40 ms, at 48/110/220 V dc 5 A/3 A/1 A
Minimum contact load 100 mA at 24 V ac/dc
Table 5: Signal outputs (SO1, SO2) and self-supervision (IRF) output
Rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
Continuous carry 5 A
Make and carry for 3.0 s 8 A
Make and carry for 0.5 s 10 A
Breaking capacity when the control circuit time-
constant L/R < 40 ms, at 48/110/220 V dc 1 A/0.25 A/0.15 A
Minimum contact load 100 mA at 24 V ac/dc
Table 6: Data communication
Rear interface, connector X2.2 RS-485 connection for the fibre-optic interface
module RER 103
SPA bus or IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
4.8 or 9.6 kbps
Front interface Optical RS-232 connection for opto-cable
1MKC 950001-1
SPA bus protocol
4.8 or 9.6 kbps

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
8
Table 7: Auxiliary voltage
Uaux rated Ur =110/120/220/240 V ac
Ur =48/60/110/125/220 V dc
Uaux variation 80…265 V ac
38…265 V dc
Relay power start-up time, typical 300 ms
Burden of auxiliary supply under
quiescent/operating condition ~ 4 W/~ 10 W
Ripple in the dc auxiliary voltage Max 12% of the dc value
Interruption time in the auxiliary dc voltage without
resetting the relay < 30 ms at 48 V dc < 100 ms at 110 V dc
< 500 ms at 220 V dc
Table 8: Enclosure class
Front side IP 54 (flush-mounted)
Rear side, connection terminals IP20
Note!
A rear protective cover (accessory part) can be used to protect and shield the rear of the case.
Table 9: Dimensions
Width Frame 111.4 mm, box 94 mm
Height Frame 265.9 mm (6U), box 249.8 mm
Depth 235 mm (245.1 mm with a protective rear cover,
available as an option)
Enclosure size 1/4 (x 19”)
Weight of the relay ~3.0 kg
Table 10: Environmental tests
Specified service temperature range -10...+55 °C
Storage temperature tests -40...+70 °C according to the IEC 60068-2-48
Dry heat test According to the IEC 60068-2-2
Dry cold test According to the IEC 60068-2-1
Damp heat test, cyclic According to the IEC 60068-2-30
Table 11: Standard tests
Insulation tests
Dielectric tests According to the IEC 60255-5
Test voltage 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min
Impulse voltage test According to the IEC 60255-5
Test voltage 5 kV, unipolarimpulses, waveform 1.2/50 µs, source
energy 0.5 J
Insulation resistance measurements According to the IEC 60255-5
Isolation resistance > 100 MΩ, 500 V dc
Mechanical tests
Vibration tests (sinusoidal) According to the IEC 60255-21-1, class I
Shock and bump test According to the IEC 60255-21-2, class I
Seismic test According to the IEC 60255-21-3, class 2
Table 12: Electromagnetic compatibility tests
EMC immunity test level requirements consider the demands in the generic standard EN 50082-2
1 MHz burst disturbance test, class III According to the IEC 60255-22-1
Common mode 2.5 kV
Differential mode 1.0 kV
Electrostatic discharge test, class III According to the IEC 61000-4-2 and
IEC 60255-22-2
For contact discharge 6 kV
For air discharge 8 kV

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
9
Radio frequency interference tests
Conducted, common mode According to the IEC 61000-4-6 and
IEC 60255-22-6 (2000)
10 V (rms), f = 150 kHz…80 MHz
Radiated, amplitude-modulated According to the IEC 61000-4-3 and
IEC 60255-22-3 (2000)
10 V/m (rms), f = 80…1000 MHz
Radiated, pulse-modulated According to the ENV 50204 and
IEC 60255-22-3 (2000)
10 V/m, f = 900 MHz
Radiated, test with a portable transmitter According to the IEC 60255-22-3, method C;
f =77.2 MHz, P=6 W; f =172.25 MHz, P=5W
Fast transient disturbance tests According to the IEC 60255-22-4 and
IEC 61000-4-4
Other terminals 4 kV
Binary input 2 kV
Surge immunity test According to the IEC 61000-4-5
Power supply 4 kV, line to earth
2 kV, line to line
I/O ports 2 kV, line to earth
1 kV, line to line
Power frequency (50 Hz) magnetic field
IEC 61000-4-8 100 A/m
Voltage dips and short interruptions According to the IEC 61000-4-11
30%/10 ms
60%/100 ms
>95%/5000 ms
Electromagnetic emission tests According to the EN 55011 and EN 50081-2
Conducted, RF-emission
(Mains terminal) EN 55011, class A, IEC 60255-25
Radiated RF-emission EN 55011, class A, IEC 60255-25
CE approval Complies with the EMC directive 89/336/EEC and
the LV directive 73/23/EEC
Table 12: Electromagnetic compatibility tests

Directional or Non-Directional Earth-Fault
Relay REJ 527
1MRS751132-MBG
10
Connection
diagram
Ordering T
Configuration, setting and SA system
tools
The following tool versions are needed to
support the new functions and features of
REJ 527 Release B:
• CAP 505 Relay Product Engineering
Tools; CAP 505 v. 2.1.1, or later
• CAP 501 Relay Setting Tools; CAP 501 v.
2.1.1, or later
• LIB 510 Library for MicroSCADA; LIB
510 v. 4.0.3-1, or later
• SMS 510 Substation Monitoring System;
SMS 510 v. 1.0.0-3, or later
References
Fig. 1 Connection diagram of the directional earth-fault relay
L1
L2
L3
PC
100V
~
~
PO1
IO
PO2
++
IRF
+
+
-
-
++
BI
0
I
IRF
+ -
Uaux
START
TRIP
START
TRIP
1
2
3
SGB1
SGB1
SGB1
Io>>
SGR1
SGR2
SGR3
SGR4
X
3
X
3
2
X
2
X
1
X
1
X
X
4
X
4
X
4
X
3
2
X
1
X
SGR5
SGR6
START
TRIP
5 6 3 4
13 14 15
1 2
1 18
1 2 3 4 6
SGB1
SGB1
SGB1
5
6
10 11 12 8 9
SO1
X2.1 X2.1 X2.1
SO2
X2.1 X2.1 X2.1 X2.1
X1.1
1MKC950001-1
RER 103
Tx Rx
Io>
Uob>
P1
P2
S2
S1
A
N
da
dn
ConD52
4SGB1
* REJ52 B 418BAA: 2 = 5 A
3 = 1 A
REJ52 B 411BAA: 2 = 1 A
3 = 0.2 A
*
Blocking of stage Io>>
Blocking of stage Io>
Blocking of stage Uob>
X=Default value
Optical
PC-interface
Spa Bus
I/O
INDICATIONS CLEARED
OUTP. CONT. UNLATCHED
AND INDIC. CLEARED
SWITCHGROUP SELECTION
MEMORIZED VALUES AND
INDIC. CLEARED; OUTPUT
CONTACTS UNLATCHED
Order numbers
Order number (I0inputs 0.2 A/1 A) REJ527B 411BAA
(Article nr:1MRS091411-BAA)
Order number (I0inputs 1 A/5 A) REJ527B 418BAA
(Article nr:1MRS091418-BAA)
Accessories
Protective cover for rear connectors 1MRS060132
Flush mounting kit 1MRS050209
Semi-flush mounting kit 1MRS050253
Wall mounting kit 1MRS050240
Side-by-side mounting kit 1MRS050241
19” Rack mounting kit 1MRS050257
Optic bus connection module (RER 103) 1MRS090701
Opto-cable 1MKC950001-1
Additional information
Technical Reference Manual 1MRS 750616-MUM
Installation Manual 1MRS 750526-MUM
Operator’s Manual 1MRS 751055-MUM

ABB Oy
Distribution Automation
P.O. Box 699
FI-65101 Vaasa, FINLAND
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
www.abb.com/substationautomation