AEMC instruments CA7027 User manual

CA7027

FAULT MAPPER PRO®
GRAPHICAL TDR
ENGLISH User Manual
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Statement of Compliance
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC®Instruments
certifies that this instrument has been calibrated
using standards and instruments traceable to
international standards.
We guarantee that at the time of shipping your
instrument has met its published specifications.
The recommended calibration interval for this
instrument is 12 months and begins on the date of
receipt by the customer.
Serial #: ________________________________
Catalog #: 2127.84
Model #: CA7027
Please fill in the appropriate date as indicated:
Date Received: _________________________________
Date Calibration Due: _______________________
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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 2
1.1 International Electrical Symbols................................................2
1.2 Receiving Your Shipment..........................................................3
1.3 Ordering Information.................................................................3
1.3.1 Accessories and Replacement Parts............................3
2. PRODUCT FEATURES ...................................................................... 4
2.1 Description................................................................................4
2.2 Key Features: ...........................................................................4
2.3 Fault Mapper Pro®Features .....................................................5
3. SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................. 6
3.1 Accuracy ...................................................................................7
4. OPERATION .................................................................................... 8
4.1 Principles of Operation .............................................................8
4.2 Accuracy and Velocity of Propagation (Vp) ..............................8
4.3 Getting Started..........................................................................9
4.4 Set-up Mode .............................................................................9
4.5 Backlight .................................................................................10
4.6 Tone Generator.......................................................................10
4.7 Selecting Full Scale Sensitivity ...............................................11
4.8 Adjusting the Vp Value............................................................11
4.9 Determining and Measuring Vp Values ..................................11
4.10 Attaching a Cable to the Fault Mapper Pro®...........................12
4.11 Testing a Cable .......................................................................13
4.12 Single Shot and Continuous Scanning Modes .......................14
4.13 Typical Fault Displays .............................................................14
5. MAINTENANCE ............................................................................. 15
5.1 Changing the Battery ..............................................................15
5.2 Cleaning..................................................................................15
5.3 Storage ...................................................................................15
Limited Warranty ...................................................................................17
Warranty Repairs...................................................................................17
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2 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Warning
● This instrument meets the safety requirements of IEC61010-
1:1995.
● TheModelCA7027isdesignedforuseonde-energizedcircuits
only.
● Connection to line voltages will damage the instrument and
couldbehazardoustotheoperator.
● This instrument is protected against connection to telecom
networkvoltagesaccordingtoEN61326-1.
● Safetyistheresponsibilityoftheoperator.
1.1 International Electrical Symbols
Signifies that the instrument is protected by double or reinforced insulation.
CAUTION - Risk of Danger! Indicates a WARNING and that the operator must
refer to the user manual for instructions before operating the instrument in all
cases where this symbol is marked.
Risk of electric shock. The voltage at the parts marked with this symbol may
be dangerous.
Compliance with the Low Voltage & Electromagnetic Compatibility European
directives (73/23/CEE & 89/336/CEE)
In the European Union, this product is subject to a separate collection system
for recycling electrical and electronic components In accordance with directive
WEEE 2002/96/EC
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 3
1.2 Receiving Your Shipment
Upon receiving your shipment, make sure that the contents are consis-
tentwiththepacking list.Notify yourdistributor ofany missingitems. If
theequipmentappearstobedamaged,leaclaimimmediatelywiththe
carrier and notify your distributor at once, giving a detailed description of
any damage. Save the damaged packing container to substantiate your
claim.
1.3 Ordering Information
Fault Mapper Pro®Model CA7027 .................................... Cat. #2127.84
Includes carrying case, 4mm color-coded banana plugs with alligator clips,
4x1.5V AA batteries, user manual and product warranty card.
1.3.1 Accessories and Replacement Parts
Tone Receiver / Cable Tracer Model TR03 ......................... Cat. #2127.76
Lead - Replacement set of 2, Color-coded 4 ft (Red/Black),
Test Probes & Alligator Clips ...............................................Cat. #2152.01
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4 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT FEATURES
2.1 Description
The Fault Mapper Pro®is a hand-held graphical TDR (Time Domain
Reectometer)designedforidentifyingandlocatingfaultsonpowerand
communication cables, given access to one end only.
The Fault Mapper Pro®measures cable length and indicates the length
and distance to cable faults to a range of 9 ft (3 m) to 19,000 ft (6000m) on
virtually any type of cable. It injects a series of pulses into the cable under
test.Thevelocityatwhichthepulsestravelisdeterminedbythetypeof
cable,whichisknownasthevelocityofpropagation(Vp)ofthecable.The
VelocityofPropagation(Vp)isadjustablebetween1%and99%enabling
accurate calibration to the cable under test.
The Vp value is expressed as a percentage of the speed of light (e.g.
67% or ft/mtrs/micro-second), this value will vary according to the type
of cable under test. The Fault Mapper Pro®can accept user selectable
valuesbetween1and99%(ortheequivalentvalueinfeetormetersper
micro-second).
Based on the selected Vp and the time taken for the pulses to travel
throughthecable,areectionproleofthecableundertestisdisplayed.
An adjustable cursor assists in locating faults and termination.
The Fault Mapper Pro® incorporates an oscillating tone tracer, which is
detectablewithastandardtonetracer,foruseinthetracingandidentica-
tion of cable pairs.
2.2 Key Features:
 Hand-heldgraphicalTDR(TimeDomainReectometer)
Measures cable length and indicates distance to faults to a range of
19,000 ft (6000m)
Graphical LCD
 Easyidenticationofshortrangefaults
 Emits an audible tone, used to trace and identify the type of fault
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 5
2.3 Fault Mapper Pro®Features
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
FAULT MAPPER PRO
MODEL CA7027
TEST / TDR /
Graphical TDR
AEMC Instruments
Fault Mapper Pro
VX.X
1
1. Banana plug input (Red/Black)
2. Graphical LCD
3. Cable select and Vp (Velocity of Propagation) decrement button
4. Test/function select button
5. Backlight button
6. Cable select and Vp (Velocity of Propagation) increment button
7. Mode select button (TDR/Tone tracer)
8. PowerON/OFFbutton
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6 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
CHAPTER 3
SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL CA7027
ELECTRICAL
Ranges @ Vp=70% 23, 49, 98, 197, 394, 820, 1640, 3280, 6560, 9850, 19000 ft
Range Selection Manual range control
Accuracy* ±1% of range
Resolution Approximately 1% of selected range
Minimum Cable Length 1.5 ft (0.5m)
Sensitivity Minimum 3 pixel return on a fault at 4km on 0.6mm 0, PE, TP
Vp (Velocity of Propagation) Adjustable from 1% to 99%
Output Pulse +5V peak to peak into an open circuit
Output Impedance Selectable between 25, 50, 75 & 100Ω
Output Pulse Width 3 ns to 3 ms, Automatic with range
Scan Rate: 2 scans / second or scan held
Tone Generator Oscillating tone 810Hz to 1110Hz
Voltage Protection 250VAC
Power Supply 4 x 1.5V AA alkaline batteries
Battery Life 60 hours continuous scanning
Auto-off Selectable 1, 2, 3, 5 minutes or disabled
MECHANICAL
Dimensions 6.5 x 3.5 x 1.5" (165 x 90 x 37mm)
Weight (with battery) 12oz (350g)
Display Resolution 128 x 64 pixel Graphical LCD
Display Backlight Electroluminescent
ENVIRONMENTAL
Operating Temperature 14 to 122°F (-10° to 50°C)
Storage Temperature -4 to 158°F (-20 to 70°C)
Relative Humidity 5 to 95% RH non-condensing
Altitude 6000 ft (2000m)
SAFETY
Safety Rating IEC61010-1; EN60950
Protection Degree IP54
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EN61326-1
CE Approved Compliant with current EU directives
*Measurement accuracy of ±1% assumes the instrument setting for velocity of propagation (Vp) of the cable
under test to be accurately set, and homogeneity of the velocity of propagation (Vp) along the cable length.
Accurate positioning of the cursor is also required.
**Specifications are subject to change without notice.
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 7
3.1 Accuracy
The CA7027 is able to measure distances to faults and cable lengths to
anaccuracyof±1%.
This measurement accuracy is based on the correct value of Vp being
used for the cable under test, and homogeneity of the Vp along the cable
length.
If the Vp is set incorrectly by the operator, or the Vp varies along the length
ofthecable,thenadditionalerrorswillbeincurredandthemeasurement
accuracywillbeaffected.
NOTE:TheVpislesswelldenedwithunshieldedmulticorecable,includ-
ingpowercable,andislowerwhenacableistightlywoundonadrumthan
wheninstalled.
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8 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
CHAPTER 4
OPERATION
4.1 Principles of Operation
The Fault Mapper Pro®worksbymeasuringthetimetakenforasignalto
travel to the far end of the cable under test, or to an intermediate fault and
return.ThevelocityatwhichthesignaltravelsVp(VelocityofPropagation)
willdependonthecharacteristicsofthecable.
Based on the selected Vp and the measured travel time of the test pulse,
the Fault Mapper Pro®calculates and displays impedance anomalies and
their distances along the cable.
4.2 Accuracy and Velocity of Propagation (Vp)
The Fault Mapper Pro®measures distances to faults and cable lengths to
anaccuracyof±1%.Thismeasurementaccuracyisbaseduponthecor-
rect value of Vp being used for the cable under test, and homogeneity of
the Vp along the cable length.
If the Vp is set incorrectly by the operator, or the Vp varies along the length
ofthecable,thenadditionalerrorswillbeincurredandthemeasurement
accuracywillbeaffected.
See § 4.8 for setting the Vp.
NOTE: The Vp is less well defined with unshielded multi-conductor cable,
including power cable, and is lower when a cable is tightly wound on a drum
than when it is installed in a linear fashion.
Correct measurement of fault distances is also dependent on the cursor being
positioned accurately by the operator. When locating faults with the Fault
Mapper Pro
®
the cursor should be positioned at the beginning of the feature on
thecablewaveformasshownbelow.
Vp=72% Z=100Ω
621ft
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 9
4.3 Getting Started
The instrument is switched on and off using the green power button ,
foundonthelowerrightsideofthefrontpanel.Whentheunitisrstswitched
onitwilldisplaytheopeningscreengivingthesoftwareversion,thecurrently
selected Vp (Velocity of Propagation), cable impedance and battery status
indicator.
AEMC Instruments
Fault Mapper Pro
VX.X
4.4 Set-up Mode
1. Holddownthe
TDR /
button, then press the
TEST /
button to enter
set-up mode.
TDR
Vp % VC
Vp=67%
T/P 100Ω
Meters
Contrast
Shutdown : 1 Minute
>
2. Thefollowingoptionscanbecongured:
• TDR or Tone Generation
• SetVpto%(1to99%)orspeedinmicro-seconds(see§4.8)
• Set cable impedance (Z) to 25, 50, 75 or 100Ω Twistedpair(T/P)
• Set measurement units to Feet or Meters
• Adjust the display contrast
• Disable/Enable Auto-off function
3. Press the
TEST /
button to move the line selector (>)downthescreen.
4. Press the and buttons to change the setting of the line selected.
5. Press the
TDR /
button again to save changes and exit set-up mode.
NOTE:WhentheFaultMapperPro®isturnedoff,itwillretainthe
current set-up parameters.
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10 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
Uponcompletionofconguringtheinstrument,atestscreenwillappear
displayingthefollowinginformation:
• Vp Setting
• Impedance setting (Z)
• Range scale 7 meters
• Battery condition indicator
• Distance of cursor
• Cursor
• Output pulse
• Scan mode icon (indicating scan mode selected)
4.5 Backlight
TheLCDdisplayisttedwithanelectroluminescentbacklighttoenable
easyviewingunderavarietyofdifferentlightingconditions.Thebacklight
isswitchedonandoffwiththe button.
4.6 Tone Generator
The Fault Mapper Pro®may also be used as a tone generator, to trace
andidentifycablesandwires.Theuserwillneedacabletonetracer,such
as the AEMC Tone Receiver/Cable Tracer Model TR03 (Cat. #2127.76) or
equivalent.
Pressing the
TDR /
buttonwillinjectawarbling(oscillating)toneintothe
cableorlinkundertest.Whenset,thefollowingwillbedisplayed:
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Warble Tone
AEMC Instruments
Fault Mapper Pro
VX.X
The injected signal oscillates between 810 and 1110Hz, six times per
second.
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 11
NOTE: The auto-off function is disabled in Tone Generator mode, so that
thetonecanbeinjectedintoacableforanextendedperiodoftimewhile
tracing takes place.
See §4.10 for attaching a cable to the Fault Mapper Pro®
4.7 Selecting Full Scale Sensitivity
The Fault Mapper Pro®has 11 range scales covering the range of 1.5 to
19,000 ft (0.5 to 6000m).
Toselectarangescale,orscanthecablerun,pressandholddownthe
TDR /
button, then press the button to decrease the range or the
button to increase the range.
4.8 Adjusting the Vp Value
To adjust the Vp, press and hold the
TDR /
button and press the
TEST /
button to enter the setup mode. Release both buttons. Press the
TEST /
button until the pointer (>) is next to Vp.
Nextusethe and buttonstoadjusttheVptoscrollbetweenv/2,M/Ms
orVp%UC.
Press the
TDR /
button to exit the set up mode.
4.9 Determining and Measuring Vp Values
Vp, or Velocity of Propagation, values are characteristic of each cable
type and brand. The Vp is used to measure the length of a cable and to
measure a fault location. The more accurate the Vp, the more accurate the
measurementresultwillbe.
ThecablemanufacturermaylisttheVpontheirspecicationsheetormay
beabletoprovideitwhenasked.Sometimesthisvalueisnotreadilyavail-
able,ortheusermaywishtodetermineitspecicallytocompensatefor
cable batch variations or for special cable applications.
1. Take a cable sample of exact length increments (ft or m) longer than
300 ft (100m).
2. Measure the exact length of the cable using a tape measure.
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12 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
3. Connect one end of the cable to the Fault Mapper Pro®. Leave the end
unterminatedandmakesurethewiresdonotshorttoeachother.
4.
Measure the length and adjust the Vp until the exact length is displayed.
5. When the exact length is displayed, Vp is established.
4.10 Attaching a Cable to the Fault Mapper Pro®
WARNING: Make sure that there is no power supply or equipment attached
to the cable to be tested.
1. Checkthatthefarendofthecableiseitheropenorshorted(nottted
witharesistivetermination).
2. Attach the Fault Mapper Pro®to one end of the cable to be tested.
The cable attachment is via a banana plug input located at the top of the
unit. For unterminated cables use the alligator clip attachment provided.
Coaxial Cable: Connect the Red clip to the center wire and the
Black clip to the shield/screen.
Shielded Cable: Connect the Red clip to a wire adjacent to the
shield and the Black clip to the shield.
Twisted Pair: Separate out one pair and connect the red and black
clipstothetwowiresofthepair.
Multi-conductor Cable:Connecttheclipstoanytwowires.
Coaxial Cable
Shielded Cable
Twisted Pair
Multi-conductor Cable
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 13
4.11 Testing a Cable
After setting the Vp value and cable impedance (Z) to match the tested
cable, attach the Fault Mapper Pro®tothecable,asdescribedin§4.10.
Press the
TEST /
button, to get to the test screen.
Vp=72% Z=100Ω
413ft
Thefollowingdisplayshowsacablewithimpedanceanomaliesonit.
Vp=72% Z=100Ω
210ft
The vertical cursor line is moved left and right along the line of the trace by
pressing the and buttons.
To determine the distance to an event, position the cursor at the beginning
oftheeventandreadoffthedistanceasshownbelow.
Vp=72% Z=100Ω
413ft
Onthefaultcurveshownintheprevioustwoscreens,alowimpedance
eventoccursat210ft,shownbyadownwardspikeonthecurve,anda
high impedance event occurs at 413 ft.
TheopenendofthecableisshownasalargepositivespikeThisisused
to determine the end (length) of the cable.
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14 Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027
4.12 Single Shot and Continuous Scanning Modes
When the Fault Mapper Pro®isrstswitchedon,itissetto“Single Shot”
mode.
In this mode, the Fault Mapper Pro®onlyresapulseintothecableunder
testwheneitherthe and buttons or the
TEST /
button is pressed.
Single Shot Mode: Saves on battery life and also enables
the Fault Mapper Pro®to be disconnected from the cable
whilestillleavingthefaultdisplayonthescreen.
To enter “Continuous Scanning”modepressandholddownthe
TEST /
button.
The iconwillappearatthebottomrightofthedisplay,whenContinuous
Scanning mode is active.
Continuous Scanning Mode: Fires pulses into the cable
under test at the rate of 6.7 pulses per second. In this
mode the Fault Mapper Pro®is able to more easily identify
intermittent cable faults.
4.13 Typical Fault Displays
Thefollowingtableshowstypicalfaulttracestoassistyouintheidentica-
tion of faults using the CA7027:
Type Vp Z Type Vp Z
Cat5 STP 72 100 T/Pair Jelly PE 64 100
Cat5 UTP 70 100 T/Pair PE 67 100
Coax Air 98 50/75 T/Pair PTFE 71 100
Coax Air Space 94 50/75 T/Pair PVC 58 100
Coax Foam PE 82 50/75 T/Pair Paper 72nF 88 100
Coax Solid PE 67 50/75 T/Pair Paper 83nF 72 100
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 15
CHAPTER 5
MAINTENANCE
Use only factory specied replacement parts. AEMC® will not be held
responsible for any accident, incident, or malfunction following a repair
done other than by its service center or by an approved repair center.
5.1 Changing the Battery
Disconnect the instrument from any cable or network link.
1. Turn the instrument OFF.
2. Loosenthe2screwsandremovethebatterycompartmentcover.
3. Replacethebatterieswith4x1.5VAAalkalinebatteries,observing
the polarities.
4. Reattach the battery compartment cover.
5.2 Cleaning
Disconnect the instrument from any source of electricity.
• Useasoftclothlightlydampenedwithsoapywater.
• Rinsewithadampclothandthendrywithadrycloth.
• Donotsplashwaterdirectlyontheinstrument.
• Do not use alcohol, solvents or hydrocarbons.
5.3 Storage
If the instrument is not used for a period of more than 60 days, it is recom-
mended to remove the batteries and store them separately.
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Fault Mapper Pro
®
Model CA7027 17
Limited Warranty
TheModelCA7027iswarrantedtotheownerforaperiodofoneyearfrom
thedateoforiginalpurchaseagainstdefectsinmanufacture.Thislimitedwar-
ranty is given by AEMC®Instruments,notbythedistributorfromwhomitwas
purchased.Thiswarrantyisvoidiftheunithasbeentamperedwith,abusedor
if the defect is related to service not performed by AEMC®Instruments.
For full and detailed warranty coverage, please read the Warranty
Coverage Information, which is attached to the Warranty Registration
Card (if enclosed) or is available at www.aemc.com. Please keep the
Warranty Coverage Information with your records.
What AEMC®Instruments will do:
Ifamalfunctionoccurswithintheone-yearperiod,youmayreturntheinstrument
tousforrepair,providedwehaveyourwarrantyregistrationinformationonle
or a proof of purchase. AEMC®Instrumentswill,atitsoption,repairorreplace
the faulty material.
Warranty Repairs
What you must do to return an Instrument for Warranty Repair:
First, request a Customer ServiceAuthorization Number (CSA#) by phone
orbyfaxfromourServiceDepartment(seeaddressbelow),thenreturnthe
instrumentalongwith the signed CSAForm.PleasewritetheCSA#onthe
outside of the shipping container. Return the instrument, postage or shipment
pre-paid to:
Ship To: Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC®Instruments
 15FaradayDrive•Dover,NH03820USA
Phone: [phone] (Ext. 360)
[phone] (Ext. 360)
Fax: [phone] or [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Caution:Toprotectyourselfagainstin-transitloss,werecommendyouinsure
your returned material.
NOTE: You must obtain a CSA# before returning any instrument.
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01/12
99-MAN100361v2
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC®Instruments
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