BIRD 5011 User manual

INSTRUCTION BOOK
Terminating Power Sensors
&
Extended Frequency
Terminating Power Sensors
Models 5011, 5011-EF,
5015 and 5015-EF
©Copyright 2009 by Bird Electronic Corporation
Instruction Book Part Number 920-5011S Rev. A

0
Safety Precautions
The following are general safety precautions that are
not necessarily related to any specific part or procedure,
and do not necessarily appear elsewhere in this publica-
tion. These precautions must be thoroughly understood
and apply to all phases of operation and maintenance.
WARNING
Keep Away From Live Circuits
Operating Personnel must at all times observe
general safety precautions. Do not replace
components or make adjustments to the inside of the
test equipment with the high voltage supply turned
on. To avoid casualties, always remove power.
WARNING
Shock Hazard
Do not attempt to remove the RF transmission line
while RF power is present.
WARNING
Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone
Under no circumstances should any person reach
into an enclosure for the purpose of service or
adjustment of equipment except in the presence of
someone who is capable of rendering aid.

i
Safety Symbols
 Note: Calls attention to supplemental
information.
WARNING
Safety Earth Ground
An uniterruptible earth safety ground must be supplied
from the main power source to test instruments.
Grounding one conductor of a two conductor power cable
is not sufficient protection. Serious injury or death can
occur if this grounding is not properly supplied.
WARNING
Resuscitation
Personnel working with or near high voltages
should be familiar with modern methods of
resuscitation.
WARNING
Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if
not correctly performed, could result in personal
injury.
CAUTION
Caution notes call attention to a procedure, which if
not correctly performed, could result in damage to
the instrument.

ii
Warning Statements
The following safety warnings appear in the text
where there is danger to operating and maintenance
personnel, and are repeated here for emphasis.
Caution Statements
The following equipment cautions appear in the text
and are repeated here for emphasis.
On page 1 and 3.
On page 3.
On page 3.
CAUTION
Do not exceed 2 W average or 125 W peak power for
5 µs when using the TPS or the TPS-EF. Doing so
will render the sensor inoperative.
CAUTION
Discharge all static potentials before connecting the
TPS(-EF). Electrostatic shock could damage the sensor.
CAUTION
When connecting the TPS or the TPS-EF, only turn
the connector nut. Damage may occur if torque is
applied to the sensor body.

iii
Safety Statements
USAGE
ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER
NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY
IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY
PROTECTION.
USO
EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA
NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE
ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL
INSTRUMENTO.
BENUTZUNG
WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE
VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER
BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
UTILISATION
TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI
N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE
FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF
DE PROTECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.
IMPIEGO
QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE
UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME
SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE
DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE
COMPROMESSA.

iv
SERVICE
SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY
SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID
DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM
ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.
SERVICIO
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA
USO EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO
CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE
DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO
PARA HACERIO.
WARTUNG
ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES
GERÄTES GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES
FACHPERSONAL. ZUR VERMEIDUNG
GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND
WARTUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON
QUALIFIZIERTEM SERVICEPERSONAL
DURCHZUFÜHREN.
ENTRENTIEN
L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN
DOIT ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ
AUX OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR
PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX,
NE PAS EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A
PAS ÉTÉ QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE.

v
ASSISTENZA TECNICA
LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALL’ASSISTENZA
SONO PREVISTE ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL
PERSONALE OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO.
PER EVITARE PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE
NON EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A
MENO CHE QUALIFICATI A FARLA.

vi
RF VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT IN RF ELEMENT
SOCKET - KEEP ELEMENT IN SOCKET DURING
OPERATION.
DE LA TENSION H.F. PEAT ÊTRE PRÉSENTE DANS
LA PRISE DE L'ÉLÉMENT H.F. - CONSERVER
L'ÉLÉMENT DANS LA PRISE LORS DE L'EMPLOI.
HF-SPANNUNG KANN IN DER HF-ELEMENT-
BUCHSE ANSTEHEN - ELEMENT WÄHREND DES
BETRIEBS EINGESTÖPSELT LASSEN.
PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL
ELEMENTO RF - MANTENGA EL ELEMENTO EN EL
ENCHUFE DURANTE LA OPERACION.
IL PORTAELEMENTO RF PUÒ PRESENTARE
VOLTAGGIO RF - TENERE L'ELEMENTO NELLA
PRESA DURANTE IL FUNZIONAMENTO.

vii
About This Manual
This manual covers the operating and maintenance
instructions for the following models:
Changes to this Manual
We have made every effort to ensure this manual is
accurate. If you discover any errors, or if you have sug-
gestions for improving this manual, please send your
comments to our Solon, Ohio factory. This manual
may be periodically updated. When inquiring about
updates to this manual refer to the part number and
revision on the title page.
Literature Contents
Chapter Layout
Introduction —Describes the features of the Terminat-
ing Power Sensor and Element Types.
Installation —Describes how to connection and install
the Terminating Power Sensor into the system that is
being monitored.
Operation —Describes how to run and maintain the
Terminating Power Sensor.
Specifications - Describes the basic information, set-
tings, and ranges of the Terminating Power Sensor.
5011 5011-EF
5015 5015-EF

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ix
Table of Contents
Safety Precautions 0
Safety Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Warning Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Caution Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Safety Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
About This Manual vii
Changes to this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Literature Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Chapter Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Connecting Terminating Power Sensor (TPS) . . . 3
Chapter 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Zeroing Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Power Measurement Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Sensor Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Mismatch Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Chapter 4 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5011 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5011-EF Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5015 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5015-EF Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Limited Warranty 19

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1
Chapter 1 Introduction
Description
The Bird 5015 Terminating Power Sensor (TPS) is a
diode-based power sensor that measures true average
power from 40 MHz to 4 GHz and from –20 dBm to
+10 dBm.
For best results, wait 5 minutes after applying power
to the sensor before taking readings.
CAUTION
Do not exceed 2 W average or 125 W peak power for 5
µs when using the TPS or the TPS-EF. Doing so will
render the sensor inoperative.

2

3
Chapter 2 Installation
Connecting Terminating Power Sensor (TPS)
 Note: Connections are the same for the
Bird 5011 and 5011-EF.
CAUTION
Discharge all static potentials before connecting the
TPS(-EF). Electrostatic shock could damage the sensor.
CAUTION
When connecting the TPS or the TPS-EF, only turn
the connector nut. Damage may occur if torque is
applied to the sensor body.
CAUTION
Do not exceed 2 W average or 125 W peak power for 5
µs when using the TPS or the TPS-EF. Doing so will
render the sensor inoperative.

4
1. Do one of the following:
zTo connect to a Digital Power Meter:
zFor Models 5011 and 5011EF:
Connect the Bird TPS to the “Sensor”
serial port on the DPM using the sensor
cable provided.
zFor Models 5015 and 5015-EF:
Connect the Bird TPS to the “Sensor” USB
port on the DPM using the sensor cable
provided.
 Note: An attenuator or directional coupler
should be used with the TPS in most applications.
 Note: For an RF source with output between
0.1 and 50 W, use a 40 dB, 50 W attenuator.
zTo connect to a PC with VPM2 software (5015
and 5015-EF ONLY):
zConnect the Bird TPS to the a USB port on
the PC using the sensor cable provided.
2. Connect the TPS RF input to the source (using an
attenuator, if appropriate).
 Note: Only connect the TPS directly to a
source if the RF power will be less than 10 mW.

5
Chapter 3 Operation
Zeroing Sensor
Over time, the sensor’s “zero value” (reading with no
applied RF power) can drift, making all readings inac-
curate by this value. For example, if the zero value is –
0.02 W, measuring a 50 W signal will give a reading of
49.98 W, a 0.04% error. Measuring a 1 W signal will
give a reading of 0.98 W, a 2% error. If the drift would
be a significant error, rezero the sensor:
1. Ensure the sensor has reached a stable operating
temperature.
2. Ensure no RF power is applied to the sensor.
3. Press “Zero” to begin Calibration.
 Note: Calibration will take about 40 sec-
onds. Do not interrupt the calibration! A bar on
the screen will display calibration progress.
Power Measurement Accuracy
Accuracy
The Bird power sensors are highly accurate. Accuracy is
specified for each sensor type is typically given as a per-
cent of reading or of full-scale.

6
Example - If a sensor has a specified accuracy
of 5% of reading + 1.0 uW, then for a 10 mW
signal the uncertainty is ± 0.501 mW. For a 1
mW signal the measurement uncertainty is
± 0.051 mW.
Sensor Uncertainty
While this value is a good estimate, the sensor is actu-
ally more accurate. The sensor’s accuracy also depends
on the temperature, and the power and frequency of
the source; Table 1 lists some examples of uncertainty
factors. If an uncertainty is given as a power, divide
this value by the measured RF power and convert to a
percentage. For example, an uncertainty of ± 0.25 µW
with a RF power of 10 µW is a 2.5% uncertainty.
Table 2 lists external factors, such as using attenua-
tors or using a cable to connect the TPS to the trans-
mitter, which could affect the measurement
uncertainty.
Table 1 - Example Uncertainty Factors
Error Source Conditions Uncertainty
Calibration
Uncertainty ± 1.13%
Frequency
Response 40 MHz to 4 GHz ± 3.42%
Temperature
Linearity –10 to +50 °C ± 3.43%

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Table 2 - External Factors
Error Source Conditions
The root sum square (RSS) uncertainty is the industry
standard method for combining independent uncer-
tainties. To determine the TPS's RSS uncertainty:
1. Square each uncertainty factor.
2. Add these values together.
a. Take the square root of this sum.
Othera< 40 °C or > 100 MHz ± 0.50%
Resolution ± ½ smallest displayed digit
(e.g. for a mW scale, three decimal
places are displayed. ½ the smallest is
0.5 µW)
Zero Set†± 0.125 µW
Noisebabove 1.05 mW ± 0.7 µW
105 µW to 1.05 mW ± 0.4 µW
below 105 µW ± 0.2 µW
a. Above 40 °C, when making measurements at frequencies
between 40 and 100 MHz, add 1.1%.
b. After a 5 minute warm-up, measured over a 5 minute
interval and 2 standard deviations
Attenuator
Uncertainty Frequency dependent
Cable Uncertainty Frequency and length dependent
(± 5% at 1 GHz for a ‘reasonable’
1.5 m cable)

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Table 3 has two examples of uncertainty calculations.
The first is a 10 mW signal at room temperature. The
second is a 10 µW, 40 MHz signal at 50°C. Since this
measurement is at both low frequency and high tem-
perature, the uncertainty will be increased. Note that
the RSS uncertainties are smaller than the values
from the rough estimate. This will always be the case.
Table 3 - Uncertainty Examples
Example 1
(10 mW,
Room Temp)
Example 2
(10 µW,
40 MHz, 50°C)
Error
Source Percent Uncert. RSS Term Percent Uncert. RSS Term
Cal. Uncert. 1.13 % 1.28 1.13 % 1.28
Freq. Resp. 3.42 % 11.70 3.42 % 11.70
Temp. Lin. 3.43 % 11.76 3.43 % 11.76
Other 0.5 % 0.25 1.6 % 2.56
Res. 0.005 % 0.00 0.5 % 0.25
Zero Set 0.00125 % 0.00 1.25 % 1.56
Noise 0.007 % 0.00 2 % 4.00
Sum Uncert. 24.99 33.11
RSS Uncert. 5.00 % 5.75 %
Quick Uncert. 5.01 % 16 %