BIRD 7022 User manual

Stat Power Sensor
Model 7022
Operation Manual
©Copyright 2017 by Bird Technologies, Inc.
Instruction Book Part Number 920-7022 Rev. C

i
Safety Precautions
Thefollowingaregeneralsafetyprecautionsthatarenot
necessarilyrelatedtoanyspecificpartorprocedure,anddo
notnecessarilyappearelsewhereinthispublication.These
precautionsmustbethoroughlyunderstoodandapplytoall
phasesofoperationandmaintenance.
WARNING
KeepAwayFromLiveCircuits
OperatingPersonnelmustatalltimesobservegeneral
safetyprecautions.Donotreplacecomponentsormake
adjustmentstotheinsideofthetestequipmentwiththe
highvoltagesupplyturnedon.Toavoidcasualties,always
removepower.
WARNING
ShockHazard
DonotattempttoremovetheRFtransmissionlinewhile
RFpowerispresent.
WARNING
DoNotServiceOrAdjustAlone
Undernocircumstancesshouldanypersonreachintoan
enclosureforthepurposeofserviceoradjustmentof
equipmentexceptinthepresenceofsomeonewhois
capableofrenderingaid.
WARNING
SafetyEarthGround
Anuniterruptibleearthsafetygroundmustbesupplied
fromthemainpowersourcetotestinstruments.
Groundingoneconductorofatwoconductorpowercable
isnotsufficientprotection.Seriousinjuryordeathcan
occurifthisgroundingisnotproperlysupplied.

WARNING
Resuscitation
Personnelworkingwithornearhighvoltagesshouldbe
familiarwithmodernmethodsofresuscitation.
SafetyPrecautions
ii
Safety Symbols
WARNING
Warningnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnot
correctlyperformed,couldresultinpersonalinjury.
CAUTION
Cautionnotescallattentiontoaprocedure,whichifnot
correctlyperformed,couldresultindamagetothe
instrument.
Note: Callsattentiontosupplementalinforma‐
tion.
Warning Statements
Thefollowingsafetywarningsappearinthetextwherethere
isdangertooperatingandmaintenancepersonnel,andare
repeatedhereforemphasis.
WARNING
NeverattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfrom
thetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.
Onpage3.

StatisticalPowerSensor
iii
Safety Statements
USAGE
ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT
SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR
THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION.
USO
EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA NO
ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE
ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL
INSTRUMENTO.
BENUTZUNG
WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE
VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER
BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.
UTILISATION
TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI
N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE
FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE
PROTECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.
IMPIEGO
QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE
UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME
SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE DI
SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA.

SafetyPrecautions
iv
SERVICE
SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY
SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID
DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM
ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.
SERVICIO
LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA USO
EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO
CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE
DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO PARA
HACERIO.
WARTUNG
ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES GERÄTES
GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES FACHPERSONAL.
ZUR VERMEIDUNG GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE
SCHOCKS, SIND WARTUNGSARBEITEN
AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON QUALIFIZIERTEM
SERVICEPERSONAL DURCHZUFÜHREN.
ENTRENTIEN
L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT
ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX
OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR PRÉVENIR UN
CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX, NE PAS
EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A PAS ÉTÉ
QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE.
ASSISTENZA TECNICA
LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALL’ASSISTENZA SONO
PREVISTE ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL PERSONALE
OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO. PER EVITARE
PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE NON
EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A MENO CHE
QUALIFICATI A FARLA.

StatisticalPowerSensor
v
About This Manual
Thismanualcoverstheoperatingandmaintenance
instructionsforthefollowingmodels:
7022-1-020201
Changes to this Manual
Wehavemadeeveryefforttoensurethismanualisaccurate.
Ifyoudiscoveranyerrors,orifyouhavesuggestionsfor
improvingthismanual,pleasesendyourcommentstoour
Solon,Ohiofactory.Thismanualmaybeperiodicallyupdated.
Wheninquiringaboutupdatestothismanualrefertothepart
numberandrevisiononthetitlepage.
Literature Contents
Chapter Layout
Introduction — DescribesthefeaturesoftheStatistical
PowerSensor.
Installation — Describeshowtoconnectandinstallthe
StatisticalPowerSensorintothesystemthatisbeing
monitored.
Operation — Describeshowtorunandmaintainthe
StatisticalPowerSensor.
Specifications — Describesthebasicinformation,settings,
andrangesoftheStatisticalPowerSensor.

vi
Table of Contents
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
SafetySymbols...................................ii
WarningStatements..............................ii
SafetyStatements................................iii
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
ChangestothisManual............................v
LiteratureContents...............................v
Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Description......................................1
Outline.........................................2
Chapter 2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Connections.....................................3
Chapter 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
ZeroingSensor...................................4
FunctionDescriptions.............................5
LEDCodes.......................................7
UpdatingtheSensorFirmware......................9
Chapter 4 Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
7022‐1‐020201Specifications.....................10

1
Chapter 1 Introduction
Description
TheBirdStatisticalPowerSensor(SPS)isaThrulinesensor
thatcanmeasureAverage,RealTime,PeakandStatistical.Itis
usedwiththeBirdVirtualPowerMeterSoftware(VPM3)or
withtheBirdRFmeterApp.
Note: FirmwareupgradesextendingtheSPS’s
capabilitiesmaybeperiodicallyreleased.Forthe
latestfirmwareupgrade,contactBirdCustomer
Serviceat866‐695‐4569orvisitourwebsiteat
http://www.birdrf.com

Introduction
2
Outline
Figure 1 Sensor Outline
NFRFConnectors
Trigger USB Reset
Button

3
Chapter 2 Installation
Connections
WARNING
NeverattempttoconnectordisconnectRFequipmentfrom
thetransmissionlinewhileRFpowerisbeingapplied.
LeakingRFenergyisapotentialhealthhazard.
Note: ConnecttheSPStotheRFlinesothatthe
arrowonthesensorpointstowardstheload/
antenna.
ToconnectusingtheUSBport,connecttheUSBcable
betweenthecomputerandtheSPS.Aseparatepowersupply
isnotrequiredwhenusingtheUSBport.

4
Chapter 3 Operation
Zeroing Sensor
Note: ThisproceduresusesVPM3.
1. CheckthatnoRFisinthesystem.
Note: Thesensorwillread“~0.”
2. Dooneofthefollowing:
PresstheAmplitudemenubutton.
GototheAmplitudemenuitem.
3. PresstheZeromenukey.
Note: Zeroingwilltakeabout10seconds.A
progressbarforthecalibrationwillbedisplayed
onthescreen.
Note: Ifthecalibrationisinterruptedforany
reason,thesensorwillneedtobere‐zeroed.
4. Press“Run”toresumedatacollectionwiththenewZero
offset.
Figure 2 Zeroing Sensor

StatisticalPowerSensor
5
Function Descriptions
Figure 3 Average and Peak Envelope Power -
Square Wave Signal
Average Power
Peak Envelope Power
0 W
50 W
100 W
Average Power
Diodesand“squarelaw”outputisdirectlyproportionaltothe
averagepower,whichprovidesthemeasureoftheequivalent
heatingpowerofasignal,asmeasuredwithacalorimeter.The
measurementisthetotalRFpowerinthesystem,anddoes
notdependonthenumberofcarriersormodulationscheme.
Thestatisticalpowersensormeasuresforwardandreflected
powersothatVSWR,returnlossorRho(reflectioncoefficient)
canbedisplayed.

Operation
6
Statistical Power
Mostmodernwirelesscommunicationsystemsemploy
complexmodulationmethodslikeorthogonalfrequency
divisionmultiplexing(OFDM)orQuadratureAmplitude
Modulation(QAM).Thesemethodsuseacombination
amplitude,frequency,orphasetocreatesymbolbased
multichannelormulti‐carriersystemsthatresultin
pseudorandomornoise‐likepowerenvelops.Thepeak‐to‐
averagepowerratioofsuchawaveformcanbeacomplex
functionofthedatastreamcontentratherthanjust
amplitude.Sincedigitallymodulatedsignalsoftenappear
noise‐like,statisticalanalysismaybeusedinorderto
characterizethem.
TheStatisticalPowerSensorcollectssamplesoftheenvelope
ofacarrierandaccumulatestheminaseriesofbins.This
informationisusefulforqualitativeassessmentofcomplex
waveformsthathaveafinitenumberofdiscreteamplitude
levels,likeQAM.
Amoreusefulmeasurementisonethatshowshowoften
variouspowerlevelsoccurasapercentageofdataensemble
length.Thisisdonebycalculatingthecumulativedistribution
function(CDF)fromthePDF.
CDF‐Showstheprobabilityinpercentthatthe
measuredpowerislessthanorequaltoaspecified
powerlevel.
ComplementaryCDF(CCDF)‐Theprobabilitythat
themeasuredpowerisgreaterthanaspecified
powerlevel.
CrestFactor‐Peak‐to‐averageratio,orCrestFactor,
displaysthenumberofsamplesanalyzed,elapsed
time,andconfidenceband.

StatisticalPowerSensor
7
Time Domain Mode
TheStatisticalPowerSensortimedomainmodeoperatesvery
muchlikeamoderndigitaloscilloscopethathasitsvertical
axisaccuratelycalibratedinpower.Timebaseandtrigger
functionsareavailabletopresentastabletimedomain
graphicthatpermitsmarkerstobesettodisplay.
Peak(Envelope)Power
BurstPower
PoweratMarker
PowerbetweenMarkers
IIEEThirteenPulseRelatedParametric
Measurements(risetime,overshoot,falltime,etc.)
LED Codes
LED Code Condition Action
SolidRed FatalError Returnforservice.
SlowBlinkRed DeviceError Returnforservice.
FastBlinkRed StorageMedia
Error
Returnforservice.
Red/GreenSlow
Blink
CalMemoryError Returnforservice.
Red/YellowSlow
Blink
ConfigMemory
Error
Returnforservice.
SolidGreen Ready Deviceisreadyto
executecommands.

Operation
8
SolidBlue LoadingFPGA Normallydisplaysfor
lessthan30seconds
whensensorisstarted.
Otherwisereturnfor
service.
FastBlinkingBlue FPGASelfTest
Failed
Returnforservice.
Blue/WhiteSlow
Blink
FPGAProgInit
Error
Returnforservice.
Blue/RedSlowBlink FailedtoLoad
FPGA
Updatethefirmware,
see
"Updatingthe
SensorFirmware"on
page9 .
Ifproblempersists,
returnforservice.
Blue/MagentaSlow
Blink
FPGARegister
Failure
Returnforservice
SlowBlinkYellow ExecutionError Invalidcommandor
parametervalue.
Cyclepower.
FastBlinkMagenta Insufficient
Memory
Sensoriswaitingfora
firmwareupdate.See
"UpdatingtheSensor
Firmware"onpage9 .
Ifanupdateisnot
desired,disconnectthen
reconnecttheUSB
cable.Ensurethebutton
isnotpressed.
LED Code Condition Action

StatisticalPowerSensor
9
Updating the Sensor Firmware
1. Gotohttp://www.birdrf.com/
2. Downloadnewversionoffirmware.
3. ConnectthesensortoaPCviatheUSBcable.
4. PressandholdtheResetbutton.
Note: Thiswillswitchthesensortobootloader
mode.
Note: Thefirmware/FPGAversiontobe
updatedtothesensorwillshowinthe“Update
Version”field.
5. Clickthe“Details”buttontodisplaydetailmessageinthe
messagescreen.
6. Clickthe“Update”buttonwillstarttoupdateintheorder
firmwarefirstthenFPGA.
Note: Theprogressbarwillindicatetheprog‐
ress.
Note: Rightafterthefirmwareupdatefinishes
itexpectsalongtimedelaybeforeupdating
FPGAasthesensorwillrestartandreloadFPGA.
Itmaytakemorethan3minstofinishFPGA
updatedependingonthesizeofFPGAimage.
Note: RightafterFPGAcompleting,thesensor
versionnumberwillbereadbackandshowin
the“SensorVersion”fieldtoreplace“Unavail‐
able”tocompleteentireupdate.
7. ClosetheApplication.
8. DisconnectthesensorfromthePC.

10
Chapter 4 Specifications
7022-1-020201 Specifications
Sensor Characteristics
FrequencyRange 350MHzto6GHz
RFPowerRange 0.025Wto500Waverage,1500Wpeak
MaximumPower See
"Max.PeakPower"onpage12 .
Impedance,Nominal 50ohms
InsertionLoss,Max0.05
InputVSWR,Max 1.065,350to2500MHz
1.12,2500to6000MHz
Directivity,Min ‐30dB,350to1000MHz
‐28dB,1000to6000MHz
RFConnectors NFemale
Interface USB2.0TypeB
PowerSupply:
USBPort
DCConnector

Lessthanonehigh‐powerUSBload
7–18VDC,<500mA
DataLogging InVPM3Software
Average Power
RFPowerRange 0.25–500W
Peak/AverageRatio,Max 12dB
MeasurementAccuracy. ±3MHzwithCWsignals

StatisticalPowerSensor
11
Statistical Power
MeasurementRange:
ReturnLoss
Rho()
VSWR

0to23dB
0.07to0.999
1.15to99.9
ForwardPower,Min .5W
MeasurementAccuracy See
Figure4onpage11 .
Figure 4 Match Measure Uncertainty
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
-25-20-15-10-50
Uncertainty(dB)
Return Loss
Above
3GHz+
Above
3GHz-
Below
3GHz+
Below
3GHz-
Time Domain
RFPowerRange 4.0–400Wa
a. Max. power depends on frequency and system
VSWR. See Figure5onpage12 .
MeasurementAccuracy.:
burstwidth>200µs
1µs<b.w.<200µs
burstwidth<1µs
burstwidth<0.5µs

±(7%ofreading+0.2W)b
b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

±(10%ofreading+0.4W)b
±(15%ofreading+0.4W)b
±(20%ofreading+0.4W)b
MinimumPulseWidth: 400ns

Specifications
12
Figure 5 Max. Peak Power
100
1000
10000
0.1 1 10
Frequency (GHz)
Power (Watts)
VSWR=1
VSWR=1.5
VSWR=3
Physical and Environmental Specifications
Temp,Operating –10to+50°C(+14to+122°F)
Temp,Storage –40to+80°C(–40to+176°F)
MechanicalShockand
Vibration
IAWMIL‐PRF‐28800Fclass3
Humidity,Max 95%(non‐condensing)
Altitude,Max15,000ft.(4,500m)
Dimensions,Nominal 3.79”x5.36”x1.24”
(96x163x37.7cm)
Weight,Max1.5lb.(0.68kg)
CEMark Compliant
RoHS Compliant
EMC EMCDirective(2004/108/EC)
EuropeanStandard:EN61326—
ElectricalEquipmentformeasurement,
controlandlaboratoryuse.

5.36”
3.79”
1.24”
Front Back
StatisticalPowerSensor
13