BLACKMER SX3A Manual

BLACKMER POWER PUMPS 962203
INSTRUCTIONS NO. 104-B00
INSTALLATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
MODEL: SX3A
Section
Effective
Replaces
104
Jan 2014
Aug 2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
PUMP DATA
Technical Data ......................................................2
Initial Pump Start Up Information...........................2
INSTALLATION
Pre-Installation Cleaning .......................................3
Location and Piping...............................................3
Pump Mounting.....................................................3
Coupling Alignment...............................................4
Pump Rotation.......................................................4
To Change Pump Rotation....................................4
Check Valves ........................................................4
OPERATION
Pre-Start Up Check List.........................................5
Start Up Procedures..............................................5
Running the Pump in Reverse Rotation ................6
Flushing the Pump ................................................6
Pump Relief Valve.................................................6
Relief Valve Setting and Adjustment.....................6
MAINTENANCE
Strainers...................................................................7
Lubrication................................................................7
Vane Replacement...................................................7
Pump Disassembly ..................................................8
Parts Replacement...................................................8
Pump Assembly.......................................................8
TROUBLE SHOOTING .................................................10
NOTE: Numbers in parentheses following individual parts
indicate reference numbers on Blackmer Parts List No.
104-B02.
SAFETY DATA
This is a SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL.
When you see this symbol on the product, or in the manual,
look for one of the following signal words and be alert to the
potential for personal injury, death or major property damage
Warns of hazards that WILL cause serious personal injury,
death or major property damage.
Warns of hazards that CAN cause serious personal injury,
death or major property damage.
Warns of hazards that CAN cause personal injury
or property damage.
NOTICE:
Indicates special instructions which are very
important and must be followed.
NOTICE:
Blackmer Pumps MUST only be installed in systems, which
have been designed by qualified engineering personnel.
The system MUST conform to all applicable local and
national regulations and safety standards.
This manual is intended to assist in the installation and
operation of the Blackmer SX Series pumps, and MUST be
kept with the pump.
Pump service shall be performed by qualified technicians
ONLY. Service shall conform to all applicable local and
national regulations and safety standards.
Thoroughly review this manual, all instructions and hazard
warnings, BEFORE performing any work on the pump.
Maintain ALL system and pump operation and hazard
warning decals.
Blackmer pump manuals and parts lists may be obtained from
Blackmer's website (www.blackmer.com) or by contacting
Blackmer Customer Service.

104-A00 page 2/12
SAFETY DATA
Failure to disconnect and lockout
electrical power or engine drive before
attempting maintenance can cause
severe personal injury or death
Failure to disconnect and lockout
electrical power before attempting
maintenance can cause shock, burns or
death
Hazardous
machinery can
cause serious
personal injury. Hazardous voltage.
Can shock, burn or
cause death.
If pumping hazardous or toxic fluids,
system must be flushed and
decontaminated, inside and out, prior to
performing service or maintenance
Disconnecting fluid or pressure
containment components during pump
operation can cause serious personal
injury, death or major property damage
Hazardous or toxic
fluids can cause
serious injury. Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
Operation without guards in place can
cause serious personal injury, major
property damage, or death.
Failure to relieve system pressure prior
to performing pump service or
maintenance can cause personal injury
or property damage.
Do not operate
without guard
in place Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
PUMP DATA
PUMP IDENTIFICATION
A pump Identification tag, containing the pump serial number, I.D. number, and model designation, is attached to each pump. It is
recommended that the data from this tag be recorded and filed for future reference. If replacement parts are needed, or if
information pertaining to the pump is required, this data must be furnished to a Blackmer representative.
TECHNICAL DATA *
SX3A
Maximum Pump Speed 800 RPM
Maximum Operating Temperature 240°F (115°C)
Maximum Viscosity 20,000 SSU
(
4
,
250 cSt
)
Maximum Differential Pressure 125 psi (8.6 Bar)
Maximum Working Pressure 175 psi (12.1 Bar)
* Technical Data is for standard materials of construction.
Consult Blackmer Material Specs for optional materials of
construction.
INITIAL PUMP START UP INFORMATION
Model No.: ____________________________________
Serial No.: ____________________________________
ID No.: _______________________________________
Date of Installation: _____________________________
Inlet Gauge Reading: ____________________________
Discharge Gauge Reading: _______________________
Flow Rate: _____________________________________

104-A00 page 3/12
INSTALLATION
NOTICE:
Blackmer pumps must only be installed in systems
designed by qualified engineering personnel. System
design must conform with all applicable regulations and
codes and provide warning of all system hazards.
Install, ground and wire to local and
National Electrical Code requirements.
Install an all-leg disconnect switch near
the unit motor.
Disconnect and lockout electrical power
before installation or service
Electrical supply MUST match motor
nameplate specifications.
Hazardous voltage.
Can shock, burn or
cause death.
Motors equipped with thermal protection automatically
disconnect motor electrical circuit when overload exists.
Motor can start unexpectedly and without warning.
PRE-INSTALLATION CLEANING
NOTICE:
New pumps contain residual test fluid and rust inhibitor.
If necessary, flush pump prior to use.
Foreign matter entering the pump WILL cause extensive
damage. The supply tank and intake piping MUST be cleaned
and flushed prior to pump installation and operation.
LOCATION AND PIPING
Pump life and performance can be significantly reduced when
installed in an improperly designed system. Before starting the
layout and installation of the piping system, review the
following suggestions:
1. Locate the pump as near as possible to the source of
supply to avoid excessive inlet pipe friction.
2. The inlet line must be at least as large as the intake port on
the pump. Slope the piping downward to the pump, without
any upward loops. Eliminate restrictions such as sharp
bends; globe valves, unnecessary elbows, and undersized
strainers.
3. Install a system bypass valve that returns excess flow to
the supply tank or pump inlet piping as appropriate for the
pumping system. Insure that the bypass valve pressure
setting is appropriate for the pump and system component
working pressures.
4. It is recommended a strainer be installed in the inlet line to
protect the pump from foreign matter. Locate the strainer at
least 24" (0.6m) from the pump, and have a net open area
of at least four times the area of the intake piping. Strainers
must be cleaned regularly to avoid pump starvation.
5. The intake system must be free of air leaks.
6. Expansion joints, placed at least 36" (0.9m) from the pump,
will compensate for expansion and contraction of the pipes.
Contact the flexible connector/hose manufacturer for
required maintenance/care and design assistance in their
use.
7. Install pressure gauges in the 1/4” BSPP ports provided in
the pump casing to check pump at start up.
8. ALL piping and fittings MUST be properly supported to
prevent any piping loads from being placed on the pump.
9. Check alignment of pipes to pump to avoid strains which
might later cause misalignment. See Figure 1. Unbolt
flanges or break union joints. Pipes must not spring away
or drop down. After pump has been in operation for a
week or two, completely recheck alignment.
Figure 1
10. When pumping liquids at elevated temperature, make
provisions to compensate for expansion and contraction of
the pipes, especially when long pipe lines are necessary.
Steel pipe expands approximately 3/4” (1.9 cm) per 100
feet (30.49 m) per 100°F (37.8°C) rise in temperature.
PUMP MOUNTING
A solid foundation reduces noise and vibration, and will
improve pump performance. On permanent installations it is
recommended the pumping unit be secured by anchor bolts as
shown in Figure 2. This arrangement allows for slight shifting
of position to accommodate alignment with the mounting holes
in the base plate.
Figure 2 - Pipe Type
Anchor Bolt Box
For new foundations, it is suggested that the anchor bolts be
set in concrete. When pumps are to be located on existing
concrete floors, drill holes into the concrete to hold the anchor
bolts.
When installing units built on channel or structural steel type
bases, use care to avoid twisting the base out of shape when
anchor bolts are tightened. Use shims under the edges of the
base prior to tightening the anchor bolts to level the base and
prevent distortion.

104-A00 page 4/12
INSTALLATION
COUPLING ALIGNMENT
The pump must be directly coupled to a gear and/or driver
with a flexible coupling. Verify coupling alignment after
installation of new or rebuilt pumps. Both angular and
parallel coupling alignment MUST be maintained between the
pump, gear, motor, etc. in accordance with manufacturer’s
instructions. See Figure 3.
1. Parallel alignment: The use of a laser alignment tool or
dial indicator is preferred. If a laser alignment tool or dial
indicator is not available, use a straightedge. Turn both
shafts by hand, checking the reading through one
complete revolution. Maximum offset must be less than
.005" (.127 mm).
2. Angular alignment: Insert a feeler gauge between the
coupling halves. Check the spacing at 90° increments
around the coupling (four checkpoints). Maximum
variation must not exceed .005" (.127 mm). Some laser
alignment tools will check angular alignment as well.
3. Replace the coupling guards after setting alignment.
Figure 3 – Alignment Check
Operation without guards in place can
cause serious personal injury, major
property damage, or death.
Do not operate
without guard
in place
PUMP ROTATION NOTICE:
Confirm correct pump rotation by checking the pump
rotation arrows respective to piping flow direction. Do
not operate the pump in reverse rotation to reverse the
direction of flow.
1. Determine direction of flow where the pump will be
installed.
2. Confirm pump is installed in piping so that the flow will
pass through the pump from inlet to outlet. The inlet of
the pump has “INLET” cast in the cylinder and the outlet
has “OUTLET” cast in the cylinder.
3. Briefly “jog” pump with pump driver. Check rotation of
pump driver with respect to rotation arrow on pump.
A right-hand pump rotates clockwise with the intake on the
right side, when viewed from the driven end.
A left-hand pump rotates counterclockwise with the intake on
the left side, when viewed from the driven end.
TO CHANGE PUMP ROTATION
To reverse rotation, the pump must be disassembled then
reassembled with the shaft on the opposite side of the pump.
See the ‘Maintenance’ section for instructions.
CHECK VALVES
The use of check valves or foot valves in the supply tank is
not recommended with self-priming, positive displacement
pumps.
If the possibility of liquid backflow exists when the pump is
off, a check valve in the pump discharge piping is
recommended because the pump can motor in the reverse
rotation and create undue stress on all attached components.
Never start a pump when it is rotating in the reverse rotation
as the added starting torque can damage the pump and
related equipment. If a check valve is used, install it at the
pump discharge.

104-A00 Page 5/12
OPERATION
Operation without guards in place can
cause serious personal injury, major
property damage, or death.
Do not operate
without guard
in place
Disconnecting fluid or pressure
containment components during pump
operation can cause serious personal
injury, death or major property damage
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
Failure to relieve system pressure prior
to performing pump service or
maintenance can cause personal injury
or property damage.
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
Pumps operating against a closed valve
can cause system failure, personal
injury and property damage
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
PRE-START UP CHECK LIST
1. Check the alignment of the pipes to the pump. Support
pipes so that they do not spring away or drop down when
pump flanges or union joints are disconnected.
2. Verify proper coupling alignment.
3. Blackmer helical gear reducers (if supplied) are shipped
from the factory without oil in the gearcase. Fill with the
grade of oil indicated on the reducer tag. For more
specific instructions on Blackmer gear reducers, refer to
the appropriate Gear reducer Installation, Operation and
Instruction Manual.
4. Check the entire pumping system to verify that the
proper inlet and discharge valves are fully open, and that
the drain valves and other auxiliary valves are closed.
5. Install vacuum and pressure gauges on the pump in the
connections provided. These can be used to check
actual suction and discharge conditions after pump start-
up.
6. Check the wiring of the motor, and briefly turn on the
power to make sure that the pump rotates in the
direction of the rotation arrow.
START UP PROCEDURES
NOTICE:
Consult the "General Pump Troubleshooting" section of
this manual if experiencing difficulties during start up.
1. Start the motor. Priming should occur within one minute.
2. Check the vacuum and pressure gauges to see if the
pump is operating within the expected conditions.
3. Check for leakage from the piping and equipment.
4. Check for overheating, excessive noise or vibration of
the pump, reducer, and motor.
5. Check the flow rate to ensure the pump is operating
within the expected parameters. Record flow rate in the
"initial Start Up Information" section.
6. Check the pressure setting of the relief valve by briefly
closing a valve in the discharge line and reading the
pressure gauge. This pressure should be 20 psi (1.4 bar)
higher than the maximum operating pressure.
CAUTION: Do not run the pump for more than 15
seconds with the discharge valve completely closed.
If adjustments need to be made, refer to "Relief Valve
Setting & Adjustment."
Incorrect settings of the pressure relief
valve can cause pump component
failure, personal injury, and property
damage.
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage

104-A00 Page 6/12
OPERATION
RUNNING THE PUMP IN REVERSE ROTATION
NOTICE:
Operate the pump in reverse rotation for no more than 10
minutes and only when a separate pressure relief valve
is installed to protect the pump from excessive pressure.
It may be desirable to run the pump in reverse rotation for
system maintenance. The pump will operate satisfactorily in
reverse rotation for a LIMITED time, at a reduced
performance level.
FLUSHING THE PUMP
NOTICE:
If flushing fluid is to be left in the pump for an extended
time, it must be a lubricating, non-corrosive fluid. If a
corrosive or non-lubricating fluid is used, it must be
flushed from the pump immediately.
1. To flush the pump, run the pump with the discharge
valve open and the intake valve closed. Bleed air into
the pump through the intake gauge plug hole or through
a larger auxiliary fitting in the intake piping. Pump air for
30 second intervals to clean out most of the pumpage. A
drain plug is provided on the bottom of the cylinder, near
the discharge port to facilitate cleaning.
2. Run a system compatible flushing fluid through the pump
for one minute to clear out the remainder of the original
pumpage. Restrict a valve in the discharge line to build
up 10 psi (0.7 bar) to force flushing liquid through the
bearing seal chamber.
3. To flush out the pressure relief valve, close the valve in
the discharge line for 15 seconds while pumping the
flushing liquid.
4. If necessary, repeat steps 2 and 3.
5. To remove the flushing fluid, follow step 1 above.
NOTICE:
After flushing the pump some residual fluid will remain
in the pump and piping.
NOTICE:
Properly dispose of all waste fluids in accordance with
the appropriate codes and regulations.
PUMP RELIEF VALVE
Incorrect bypass valve or internal relief
valve settings can cause pump
component failure, personal injury, and
property damage.
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage.
NOTICE:
The pump internal relief valve is designed to protect the
pump from excessive pressure and must not be used as
a system pressure control valve.
Pumping volatile liquids under suction lift may cause
cavitation. DO NOT partially close the discharge valve. This
WILL result in internal relief valve chatter. For these
applications, install an external bypass valve, and any
necessary piping, back to the storage tank. Use a bypass
system when operating for more than 1 minute (15 seconds if
a check valve is used in the suction line) against a closed
discharge valve.
RELIEF VALVE SETTING AND ADJUSTMENT
The relief valve pressure setting is marked on a metal tag
attached to the valve cover. Set the relief valve at least 15 -
20 psi (1.0 - 1.4 Bar) higher than the operating pressure, or
the external bypass valve setting (if equipped).
Incorrect settings of the pressure relief
valve can cause pump component
failure, personal injury, and property
damage.
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
Relief valve cap is exposed to pumpage
and will contain some fluid
Hazardous or toxic
fluids can cause
serious injury.
DO NOT remove the R /V Cap OR adjust the relief valve
pressure setting while the pump is in operation.
1. To INCREASE the pressure setting, remove the relief
valve cap (1), and turn the adjusting screw inward
(clockwise). Retighten the locknut and replace the valve
cap.
2. To DECREASE the pressure setting, remove the relief
valve cap (1), and turn the adjusting screw outward
(counterclockwise). Retighten the locknut and replace
the valve cap.
Refer to the individual Blackmer pump parts lists for various
spring pressure ranges. Unless specified otherwise, pumps
are supplied from the factory with the relief valve adjusted to
the mid-point of the spring range.

104-A00 Page 7/12
MAINTENANCE
Failure to disconnect and lockout
electrical power or engine drive before
attempting maintenance can cause
severe personal injury or death
Hazardous
machinery can
cause serious
personal injury.
Failure to relieve system pressure prior
to performing pump service or
maintenance can cause personal injury
or property damage.
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
Failure to disconnect and lockout
electrical power before attempting
maintenance can cause shock, burns or
death
Hazardous voltage.
Can shock, burn or
cause death.
Disconnecting fluid or pressure
containment components during pump
operation can cause serious personal
injury, death or major property damage
Hazardous pressure
can cause personal
injury or property
damage
If pumping hazardous or toxic fluids,
system must be flushed and
decontaminated, inside and out, prior to
performing service or maintenance
Hazardous or toxic
fluids can cause
serious injury.
NOTICE:
Maintenance shall be performed by qualified technicians
only. Following the appropriate procedures and
warnings as presented in this manual.
STRAINERS
Strainers must be cleaned regularly to avoid pump starvation.
Schedule will depend upon the application and conditions.
LUBRICATION NOTICE:
To avoid possible entanglement in moving parts do not
lubricate the pump, gear reducer or any other parts while
the pump is running. NOTICE:
If pumps are repainted in the field, ensure that the
grease relief fittings (76A) are functioning properly after
painting. Do NOT paint them closed. Remove any
excess paint from the fittings.
Lubricate the ball bearings, and motor couplings (if required),
every three months at a minimum
Recommended Grease:
Mobil® - Mobilgrease XHP222,
Exxon® - RONNEX MP Grease,
or equivalent.
Greasing Procedure:
1. Remove the grease relief fittings (76A) from the bearing
covers (27A).
2. Apply grease with a hand gun until grease begins to
escape from the grease relief fitting port.
3. Replace the grease relief fittings (76A).
DO NOT over grease pump bearings. While it is normal for
some grease to escape from the grease tell-tale hole after
lubrication, excessive grease on pumps equipped with
mechanical seals can cause seal failure.
VANE REPLACEMENT
NOTICE:
Maintenance shall be performed by qualified technicians
only. Follow the appropriate procedures and warnings
as presented in manual.
1. Remove the head assembly and all other parts on the
outboard (non-driven) side of the pump. See the "Pump
Disassembly" Section.
2. Turn the shaft by hand until a vane (14) comes to the top
(12 o'clock) position of the rotor. Figure 5 –
Vane
Replacement
3. Remove and replace the vane, making sure to install the
vane with the rounded edge outward to contact the
cylinder and the relief grooves are facing towards the
direction of rotation.
4. Rotate the shaft until the next rotor slot is in the top
position, and replace the vane.
5. Continue this procedure until all new vanes are in place.
6. Reassemble the pump as instructed in "Pump
Assembly."

104-A00 Page 8/12
MAINTENANCE
PUMP DISASSEMBLY
NOTICE:
Follow all hazard warnings and instructions provided in
the “maintenance” section of this manual.
NOTE: The numbers in parentheses following individual parts
indicate reference numbers on the Pump Parts List.
1. Drain and flush the pump and system as required.
2. Starting on the inboard (driven) end of the pump, clean
the pump shaft thoroughly, making sure the shaft is free
of nicks and burrs. This will prevent damage to the
mechanical seal when the inboard head assembly is
removed.
3. Remove the inboard bearing cover capscrews (28) and
slide the inboard bearing cover (27A) and gasket (26) off
the shaft. Discard the bearing cover gasket.
4. Remove the outboard bearing cover capscrews (28) and
slide the outboard bearing cover (27A) and gasket (26) off
the shaft. Discard the bearing cover gasket.
5. To remove the locknuts and lockwashers (24A and 24B):
a. Bend up the engaged lockwasher tang and loosen the
set screw (24C) in the lock nut.
b. Rotate the locknut (24A) counterclockwise to remove
it from the shaft.
c. Slide the lockwasher (24B) off the shaft. Inspect the
lockwasher for damage and replace as required.
d. Repeat steps a, b and c on the opposite shaft end.
6. Remove the head capscrews (21) and carefully pry the
head (20) away from the cylinder. Jack screw holes are
provided if needed.
7. Slide the head off the shaft. The head O-ring (72),
bearing (24), and mechanical seal (153) will come off with
the head assembly. Remove and discard the head O-ring.
a. Pull the bearing (24) from the housing in the head.
b. To remove the mechanical seal (153), use two screw
drivers to gently push the backside of the seal jacket
to push the seal from the head (see Figure 6). Use
care when placing the screwdrivers to prevent
damage to the seal faces. Remove and discard
mechanical seal O-rings.
Figure 6
8. Pull the rotor and shaft (13) from the cylinder. While one
hand is pulling the shaft, the other hand should be
cupped underneath the rotor to prevent the vanes (14)
and push rods (77) from falling out. Carefully set the
rotor and shaft, vanes and push rods aside for future
vane replacement and reassembly.
9. Remove the remaining components from the outboard
side of the pump, as instructed above.
PARTS REPLACEMENT
1. If any of the O-rings have been removed or disturbed
during disassembly, they must be replaced with new O-
rings. NOTE: PTFE O-rings should be heated in hot
water to aid installation.
2. Excessive or continuous leakage around the pump shaft
may be an indication of a damaged mechanical seal. If a
mechanical seal has been leaking, it is recommended
the entire seal be replaced. Refer to "General Pump
Troubleshooting" for possible causes of seal leakage.
PUMP ASSEMBLY
Before reassembling the pump, inspect all component
parts for wear or damage, and replace as required. Wash
out the bearing/seal recess of the head and remove any
burrs or nicks from the rotor and shaft.
1. Reassemble the OUTBOARD side of the pump first:
For a CLOCKWISE rotation pump, position the pump
cylinder with the INTAKE port to the left.
For a COUNTERCLOCKWISE rotation pump, position the
pump cylinder with the INTAKE port to the right.
2. Install a new head O-ring (72) in the groove in the head.
Note: For ease of installation, soak the head O-ring in
200°F (93°C) water.
3. Install the head (20) on the outboard side of the cylinder.
Install and uniformly tighten four head capscrews (21) 90°
apart; torque to 25 lbs. ft (34 Nm).
4. MECHANICAL SEAL
Apply a small amount of motor oil in the head recess.
Push the mechanical seal assembly (153) into the recess
of the head with seal jacket drive tangs inward. The pin in
the stationary seat must be between the lugs in the back
of the head recess.
5. Hand pack the ball bearing (24) with grease. Refer to the
"Lubrication" section for the recommended grease.
6. Install the bearing into the head recess with the bearing
balls facing outward, and the grease shield inward.
Ensure the bearing is fully and squarely seated against
the mechanical seal. Install two 3/8" (10 mm) washers
and two bearing cover capscrews (28) to clamp the
bearing for proper bearing locknut adjustment (see Figure
7). The washers and capscrews will be removed after the
locknuts are adjusted. Leave the two capscrews and
washer in place to retain the bearing during assembly.
Figure 7 Clamping the Bearing
7. Turn the pump cylinder around and begin assembly on
the opposite, inboard end.

104-A00 Page 9/12
MAINTENANCE
8. Inspect the vanes (14) and push rods (77) for wear and
damage, and replace as follows:
a. Partially install the non-driven end of the rotor and
shaft (13) into the open side of the pump cylinder.
b. Leave part of the rotor outside of the cylinder so that
the bottom vanes can be installed and held in place
as the push rods are installed in the push rod holes of
the rotor. Insert the new vanes into the rotor slots with
the rounded edges outward, and the vane relief
grooves facing TOWARDS the direction of rotation.
See Figure 4.
c. After the bottom vanes and push rods are installed,
insert the rotor and shaft fully into the cylinder.
d. Install the remaining vanes into the top positions of
the rotor. Rotate the shaft by hand to engage the
drive tangs of the seal jacket in the rotor slots.
9. Install the inboard head, mechanical seal and bearing as
instructed in steps 2 through 6. Apply a thin coating of
motor oil on the inboard shaft to aid installation.
10. Rotate the shaft by hand to engage the mechanical seal
drive tangs and to test for binding or tight spots. If the
rotor does not turn freely, lightly tap the rims of the heads
with a soft faced mallet until the correct position is found.
Install all of the remaining head capscrews for each head
and uniformly torque to 25 lbs. ft (34 Nm).
11. LOCKNUT INSTALLATION
The bearing locknuts (24A) and lockwashers (24B) MUST
be installed and adjusted properly. Overtightening
locknuts can cause bearing failure or a broken
lockwasher tang. Loose locknuts will allow the rotor to
shift against the heads, causing wear. See Figure 10.
a. On both ends of the pump shaft, install a lockwasher
(24B) with the tangs facing outward, followed by a
locknut (24A) with the tapered end inward. Ensure the
inner tang "A" of the lockwasher is located in the slot
in the shaft threads, bending it slightly, if necessary.
b. Tighten both locknuts to ensure that the bearings are
bottomed in the head recess. DO NOT overtighten
and bend or shear the lockwasher inner tang.
c. Loosen both locknuts one complete turn.
d. Tighten one locknut until a slight rotor drag is felt
when turning the shaft by hand.
e. Back off the nut the width of one lockwasher tang "B".
Secure the nut by bending the closest aligned
lockwasher tang into the slot in the locknut. The pump
should turn freely when rotated by hand.
f. Tighten the opposite locknut by hand until it is snug
against the bearing. Then, using a spanner wrench,
tighten the nut the width of one lockwasher tang.
Tighten just past the desired tang, then back off the
nut to align the tang with the locknut slot. Secure the
nut by bending the aligned lockwasher tang into the
slot in the locknut. The pump should continue to turn
freely when rotated by hand.
g. To check adjustment, grasp the nut and washer with
fingers and rotate back and forth. If this cannot be
done, one or both locknuts are too tight and should be
alternately loosened one stop at a time (.001"). Begin
by loosening the locknut adjusted last.
h. After adjustment is complete, tighten the locknut set
screws (24C) securely. Remove the bearing cover
capscrews and 3/8" washers from both ends of the
pump.
Figure 10 Locknut Adjustment
12. Inspect the grease seal (104) for wear or damage and
replace as required. Grease the outside diameter of the
grease seal and push it into the bearing cover (27A) with
the lip of the seal inward. The lip will face outward when
the bearing cover is installed on the head
13. Attach a new bearing cover gasket (26) and the bearing
cover to the head. Install and torque the bearing cover
capscrews (28) to 15 lbs. ft (20 Nm).
14. Follow step and 13 to install the bearing cover (27) on the
outboard side of the pump.
15. RELIEF VALVE ASSEMBLY
a. Insert the valve (9) into the relief valve bore of the
cylinder with the fluted end inward.
b. Install the relief valve spring (8) and spring guide (7)
against the valve.
c. Attach a new relief valve gasket (10) and the valve
cover (4) on the cylinder.
d. Screw the relief valve adjusting screw (2) into the
valve cover until it makes contact with the spring
guide (7). NOTICE:
The relief valve setting MUST be tested and
adjusted more precisely before putting the pump
into service. Refer to "Relief Valve Setting and
Adjustment"
e. Install the relief valve cap (1) and gasket (88) after the
relief valve has been precisely adjusted.
16. Reinstall coupling, shaft key, and coupling guards.
Operation without guards in place can
cause serious personal injury, major
property damage, or death.
Do not operate
without guard in
place.
17. Refer to “Pre-Start Up Check List” and “Start Up
Procedures” sections of this manual prior to pump
operation.

104-A00 Page 10/12
TROUBLESHOOTING
NOTICE:
Maintenance shall be performed by qualified technicians only,
following the appropriate procedures and warnings as presented in this manual.
LEAKAGE
Location Probable Cause/Corrective Action
Between the head & cylinder Damaged head O-ring: Inspect and replace if necessary.
Burrs/dirt in head O-ring groove or cylinder: File and clean as
necessary.
Around the shaft New Mechanical Seals: New seals may leak slightly at start up, but
should seal up shortly thereafter.
Damaged mechanical seals: Check for damaged O-rings or cracked,
scratched or worn seal faces
SHAFT BINDING
Probable Cause Corrective Action
Burrs, dirt or foreign particles on the heads. During assembly, both heads must be clean and smooth. File any burrs
or rough spots, and wipe the heads with a clean cloth and alcohol to
remove any dirt or foreign particles.
Other possible causes of shaft binding --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Foreign particles on rotor or vanes.
• Damaged vanes or rotor.
• Bent push rods.
• Liquids that "set up" when inactive.
OVERHEATING
Location Probable Cause/Corrective Action
Internal relief valve. Continual, full bypassing of the liquid: Properly adjust the relief
valve so that the pump will not bypass during normal operation.
WARNING: Internal bypassing of liquid elevates the liquid
temperature. Only use the internal bypass valve for brief periods
and at differential pressures below 125 psi.
For extended periods of higher pressures, the internal bypass
port must be plugged and the liquid returned back to the source.
Other possible causes of overheating ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Improper relief valve adjustment
(See "Relief Valve").
• Plugged discharge line.
• Closed valve.
LOW DELIVERY RATE
Probable Cause Corrective Action
Relief valve setting too low, causing the liquid to bypass. Set the relief valve 20 psi (1.4 bar) higher than the differential pressure.
Other possible causes of a low delivery rate -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Restriction in the suction line.
Resistance in the discharge line.
Air leaks in the suction line.
Damaged or worn pump parts.
Vanes installed incorrectly (see Vane Replacement)
Pump speed too low or too high.
Relief valve leaking.
Relief valve sticking open, or not properly seating.
Dirty strainer.

104-A00 Page 11/12
TROUBLESHOOTING …. continued
EXCESSIVE NOISE AND VIBRATION
Probable Cause Corrective Action
Cavitation or vaporization of the liquid resulting from
excessive vacuum on the pump due to starved suction. Check for:
Inlet piping too long or too small in diameter.
Strainer plugged or dirty.
Undersized or restrictive fittings, such as globe valves or partially
closed valves.
Excessive amount of elbows.
Suction lift too great.
Pump speed too high for the viscosity of the liquid being pumped.
Entrained air or vapors in the pump. Check pipe joints for leakage of air. Sometimes when recirculating
liquid in a tank, the returning liquid falling through the air carries air
down into the tank, which eventually gets back into the pump.
Pump speeds exceed the recommended maximum. Check the recommended RPM for your specific application.
Continual or long term bypassing of liquid through relief
valve. Check for restriction in the discharge line, or an improper relief valve adjustment (See "Relief Valve" on Page 6).
Other possible causes of noise and vibration -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Excessively worn vanes.
Bearing Worn or Damaged.
Loose or improperly installed piping.
Misalignment of pump and driver.
Pump base not properly mounted.
Insufficient Oil in the Gear Reducer
POOR OR NO PRIMING
Probable Cause
Air leaks in the suction line.
Restriction in the suction line.
Damaged or worn pump parts.
Too much lift for the vapor pressure of the fluid.
A dirty or clogged strainer.
Worn vanes.
Suction Valve Closed.
Incorrect pump rotation
Relief Valve partially open, valve not seating properly.
DAMAGED VANES
Probable Cause
Foreign objects entering the pump.
Running the pump dry for extended periods of time.
Cavitation.
Viscosity too high for the vanes and /or the pump
speed.
Incompatibility with the liquids pumped.
Excessive heat.
Worn or bent push rods, or worn push rod holes.
Settled or solidified material in the pump at start-up.
Hydraulic hammer - pressure spikes.
Vanes installed incorrectly (see"Vane Replacement").
BROKEN SHAFT
Probable Cause
Foreign objects entering the pump.
Viscosity too high for the pump speed.
Relief valve not opening.
Hydraulic hammer - pressure spikes.
Pump/driver, driveline/drive shaft misalignment.
Excessively worn vanes or vane slots.
Settled or solidified material in the pump at start-up.
Overtightened V-belts, if used.
SEAL LEAKAGE
Probable Cause
O-rings not compatible with the liquids pumped.
O-rings nicked, cut or twisted.
Shaft at seal area damaged, worn or dirty.
Excessive cavitation.
Mechanical seal faces cracked, scratched, pitted or dirty.
Ball bearings overgreased.
MOTOR OVERLOAD
Probable Cause
Horsepower of motor not sufficient for application
Improper wire size / wiring and/or voltage to motor.
Misalignment in pump drive system.
Excessive viscosity, pressure or speed.
Faulty or worn bearings.
Rotor rubbing against head or cylinder.
Dirty mechanical seal faces.

Sliding Vane Pumps: 5 to 2200 GPM
Refined Fuels, Liquefied Gases, Solvents,Process
Stainless Steel Sliding Vane Pumps
1 to 265 GPM: Acids, Brines, Sugars, Syrups,
Beer, Beet Juice, Cider, Flavor Extracts, etc.
System One®Centrifugal Pumps
10 to 7500 GPM; Process, Marine
Magnetic Drive Pumps
Stainless Steel: 14 to 215 GPM
HXL 6, 8 & 10”
Sliding Vane Pumps
130 to 2,220 GPM
Refineries
Terminals
Barges
Ships
Reciprocating Gas Compressors
Liquefied Gas Transfer, Boosting, Vapor Recovery
Hand Operated Pumps
Dispensing, Transfer, In-line
Accessories
Gear Reducers, Bypass Valves, Strainers
Visit www.blackmer.com for complete information on all Blackmer products
1809 Century Avenue, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503-1530 U.S.A.
Telephone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
E-mail: black[email protected] • Internet Address: www .blackmer.com