CASSENS & PLATH REFLECTA/1 User manual

Magnetic Reflector Compass Binnacle
REFLECTA/1
Operation - Installation
Cassens & Plath GmbH
Manufacturers of Nautical Equipment
Am Lunedeich 131
D-27572 Bremerhaven, Germany
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]
[email protected]
www.cassens-plath.de

 
ATTENTION!
Theheelingmagnet(seebelowpicture)mustbeloweredfrom
mostupperposition(onlyforsavetransportation)tolowest
positionforoperation!





Heelingmagnet
Chaintolower/liftheelingmagnet
Screwtofix/loosenthechain
Access

Introduction, General REFLECTA/1
Page A2 Mounting & Operations Manual
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]
Introduction, General
Compass Binnacle, Outline...................................................................................................................A3
Intended Purpose..................................................................................................................................A4
Technical Data ...................................................................................................................................... A4
Range of Delivery..................................................................................................................................A5
Approvals...............................................................................................................................................A5
Operation
How to Read the Heading.....................................................................................................................B1
Adjustment of Mirror Head ....................................................................................................................B1
Direct Reading of Heading on the Compass Bridge.............................................................................B2
Removing/Attaching of Binnacle Hood.................................................................................................. B2
Taking Bearings ....................................................................................................................................B2
Shadow Pin ...........................................................................................................................................B3
Removing the Compass out of the Binnacle.........................................................................................B3
Spare Compass.....................................................................................................................................B3
Maintenance of Compass and Compass Binnacle...............................................................................B3
Compass Adjustment
General..................................................................................................................................................C1
A-Correction ..........................................................................................................................................C1
B+C-Correction......................................................................................................................................C1
Heeling Correction.................................................................................................................................C2
D-Correction..........................................................................................................................................C2
E-Correction, ........................................................................................................................................C3
Flinder´s Bar..........................................................................................................................................C4
Maintenance, Errors, Repair
Maintenance
Lubrication of Compass Suspensions ........................................................................................D1
Compass Routine Service ..........................................................................................................D1
Replacing Bulbs..........................................................................................................................D1
Cleaning of Reflector Optics.......................................................................................................D2
Errors, Diagnosis and Help
Visible Compass Errors ..............................................................................................................D3
Indication Errors..........................................................................................................................D3
Workshop Repair of Compass..............................................................................................................D5
Installation
Procedure, Outline ................................................................................................................................E1
Range
of Delivery.................................................................................................................................. E1
Location of Binnacle, Magnetic Requirements......................................................................................E2
Location of Binnacle, Constructional Requirements.............................................................................E3
Optical Arrangement (Reflection Tube), Requirements for Installation ................................................ E4
Compass Foundation, Cut-outs and Drillings .......................................................................................E5
Installation of the Optical Arrangement (Reflection Tube).................................................................... E6
Installation of Compass Binnacle..........................................................................................................E8
Illumination ............................................................................................................................................E9
Illumination Dimmer...............................................................................................................................E9
Replacing of the Bulbs ..........................................................................................................................E9
Wiring ..................................................................................................................................................E10
Setting into Operation, Function Tests & Preparing of Adjustment ....................................................E11

Introduction, General REFLECTA/1
Page A3 Mounting & Operations Manual
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]
Compass Binnacle, Outline
As to be seen from ahead as to be seen from astern
1 Hood (turn and remove) 10 Compass
2 D-Sphere and brackets 11 Cover of heeling magnets & illumination
3 Flinder´s bar (Option) 12 Cover of B+C-correctors
4 Cover of optical lens (if required)
and junction box of detector cable (Option) 13 Fixing flange of reflection tube resp. lead-in tube
5 Binnacle base 14 Lead-in tube
6 Compass bridge 15 Horizontal optical by-pass (Option),
see extra manual
7 Reflection tube 16 Mirror tube
8 Extension tube 17 Knurled knob for reflection mirror
9 Mirror head with aperture 18 Reflection mirror
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
10
12
11
12
13
6
17 18
alternative
13 6
17 18
14
15
16

Introduction, General REFLECTA/1
Page A4 Mounting & Operations Manual
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]
Intended Purpose
Apart from the gyro compass seagoing ships have to be equipped with a second heading source, the magnetic
compass. Furthermore the magnetic compass works more and more as back-up to drive the autopilot.
Magnetic compasses have to be installed in a sufficient distance to any magnetic iron as well as to the different
navigational instruments. Therefore the preferred location is the compass bridge. To read the heading at the
helmsman´s position inside the wheelhouse one makes use of a reflection arrangement. This is an optical
arrangement consisting of magnification lenses and mirrors. According to SOLAS regulations the remote
reading has to be independent of electrical means.
The magnetic compass is found within the compass binnacle. It is easy to remove and to replace with another
one. Spare magnetic compasses are obligatory according to SOLAS.
A divided verge ring on top of the compass allows taking bearings of coastal or heavenly objects. A vane type
azimuth device with a swivel black mirror is included in the range of delivery to allow compass and relative
bearings.
In spite of the distance to any magnetic source a deflecting influence -the deviation- cannot be totally excluded.
For correction of these residual errors the compass binnacle possesses an adjusting arrangement.
Installation of magnetic compasses and the requirements for their location are laid down in basic national and
international regulations. These are IMO A.382(X) and SOLAS consolidated Edition, 1992, Chapter V,
regulation 12. The technical and design requirements for magnetic compasses are laid down in ISO
25862:2009(E) amendment: Directive 2010/68/EC + 2011/75/EC as well as in the relevant national documents.
REFLECTA fullfills all these regulations.
Technical Data
Compass Binnacle
Card height............................................. standard column 1200 mm, as option 910 mm up to 1800 mm
Total height.....................................................................................1380 mm in case of standard column
Maximum width measured over D-spheres..................................................................................880 mm
Weight of binnacle and compass complete....................................net 95 kg in case of standard column
Material of binnacle column..........................................................................seawater resistant light alloy
Built-in correctors.......................................................................................................................B+C, K, D
Correctors as option................................................................................................................................E
Correctors as option..............................................................................................................Flinder´s bar
Reflector/bearing compass type 11
Diameter of directional system..................................................................................................... 180 mm
Orientations of card printing from below for reflection reading .................................................N below N
Card division........................................................................................................................................1/1°
Magnet................................................................................................................................................Ring
Magnetic moment...............................................................................................................typically 4 Am2
Damping factor ....................................................................................................................... typically 3.3
Working temperature range............................................................................................. -30°C .... +65°C
Swirl error according to ISO 25862:2009(E)/2010/68/EC+2011/75/EC, 2013/52/EU........< 2,0°(at18µT)
Friction error according ISO25862:2009(E) 2010/68/EC+2011/75/EC, 2013/52/EU..........< 0.5°(at 6µT)
Directional error according ISO25862:2009(E) 2010/68/EC+2011/75/EC, 2013/52/EU ..< 0.5°(at 18µT)
Half period .......................................................................................................................................13 sec
Tilt freedom of card in compass bowl.............................................................................................+/- 10°
Rolling/pitching tolerance of compass in gimbal suspension........................................................+/- 180°
Weight................................................................................................................................................12 kg
Reflection arrangement
Type CUTUBE .....................................................................................length 1200 mm to be cut by yard
Type FIXTUBE................................................................................... ready adjusted in length at delivery
Diameter of tube........................................................................................................................... 140 mm
Material...............................................................................................................................................PVC
Extension length of mirror head.................................................................................................... 150 mm
Turning range of mirror head..............................................................................................................360°
Swivel range of reflection mirror, black and white..............................................................................360°

Introduction, General REFLECTA/1
Page A5 Mounting & Operations Manual
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]
Range of delivery
Compass Binnacle
Reflector compass binnacle with mounting pieces, hood without window (as option also window with/without
oil lamp), magnetic bearing/reflector compass Type 11, azimuth device in wooden box with one shadow pin.
Correctors
B+C-correctors, consisting of six bar magnets 100 mm long x 10 mm (at delivery inserted in magnet
magazine behind B+C-corrector).
Heeling-corrector, consisting of one each heeling magnet of 50 mm and 125 mm length, 25 mm , within
magnet tube with numbered chain (at delivery inserted in heeling magnet guiding tube inside binnacle
column).
D-correctors (as standard) consisting of two weak iron spheres of 180 mm (at delivery separatly packed).
One each bracket moved intercardinal of port and startboard to fix the D-spheres upon
Flinder´s bar (as option), consisting of Flinder´s bar tube with upper and lower bracket (already fixed to the
binnacle) as well as cover, one set of wooden spacer pieces (inserted in Flinder´s bar tube), one set of weak
iron cylinders (one piece of 305, 152, 76 and 38 mm long), packed separately.
E-corrector (as option), consisting two weak iron spheres of 180 mm (at delivery separate packed). One
each bracket port and starboard to fix the E-spheres.
Reflection tube
Reflection tube with mirror head (extendable mirror head only if no horizontal by-pass) and mounting flange,
rubber gasket and facing ring.
Accessories as option
Instruction are included separately as required.
Approvals
REFLECTA/1 is type approved by all leading maritime authorities as A-class compass for worldwide use.
The most important approvals are:
MED – European Community, DNV GL SE – Germanischer Lloyd, USCG – US Coast Gard,
CCS – China Classification Society, RMRS – Russian Maritime Register of Shipping, RRR – Russian
River Register.
Certificates of Lloyds Register of Shipping LRS, Amercian Bureau of Shipping ABS can be supplied on request.
REFLECTA/1 fullfills the international specifications: ISO 25862:2009(E) and IMO A.382(X), SOLAS (1992,
Chapter V, Regulation 12) Amendment: Directive 2010/68/EC, 2011/75/EC, 2013/52/EU as well as IMO High
Speed Craft-Code.
The required approval has to be stated with order because there are technical differences.

Operation REFLECTA/1
Page B1 Mounting & Operations Manual
Operation
How to Read the Heading
It should be possible to read the heading clearly from a distance of 1.4 m from the mirror head in the
wheelhouse at the helmsman´s position. The image has to be centric to the field of view. The figures are upright
and on both sides of the lubber mark an area of minimum 15° should be visible.
Use an illumination dimmer (as option) for brightness control to be operated from the helmsman´s position.
In case of long optical ways (long by-passes) the picture may be much smaller then the reflection mirror.
030 040 050 060 030 040 050 060
Short optical way: large picture Long optical way: small picture
Adjustment of Mirror Head
Best position of the mirror head is 10 cm above eye level of the helmsman. For adjustment the reflection tube
can be extended or shortened. To do this loosen the arrest knobs left/right of the reflection tube. Now take the
rotary knobs as illustrated below with both hands and lift or lower the mirror head.
Arrest Knob to fix the extension tube
Extension tube
Mirror head
Take the rotary knobs here by hand
to turn and swivel reflection mirror
Reflection mirror.
White mirror for daylight use,
black mirror for night use.
Maintenance: Clean reflection mirrors with a weak, not scratching cloth. The axles of the rotary knob have to be
oiled from time to time.
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel. [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Operation REFLECTA/1
Page B2 Mounting & Operations Manual
Direct Reading of Heading on the Compass Bridge
Remove the hood. Read the heading at the ahead lubber mark of the compass.
The second, aft orientated, lubber mark is for officer´s inspection. Add 180° correction to get the ship´s heading.
Removing/Attaching of Binnacle Hood
Take hood with both hands
Loosen two knurled knobs
Turn hood and lift
When closing the binnacle secure
carefully the hood by fixing the
knurled knob!
Maintenance: Guiding surface of hood should be lubricated from time to time.
Taking Bearings
A vane type azimuth device is included in the standard range of delivery and will be found in a wooden box.
Also included is a shadow pin.
Remove the binnacle hood to set up the azimuth device onto the centre pivot of the upper compass cover glass.
Open object (wire) sight vane and ocular (slit) sight vane. Use the circular peep in the ocular (slit) sight vane for
a rough pick-up of the bearing mark. For accurate bearing use the slit of the ocular sight-vane.
Compass bearing (azimuth) of land marks up to 30° of elevation:
Read the compass card as illustrated below.
Relative bearing of land marks up to 30° of elevation:
Read the divided verge ring at the index of the ocular sight-vane. The scale ring is marked all-round. If semi-
circular bearings are required subtract 360° from the all-round value for objects port side of the vessel. The
starboard bearings remain unchanged.
Sun or star azimuth by azimuth mirror:
The black mirror at the object sight-vane can be hinged up and down according to the star height. The darkness
is suitable to allow sun observations (before make sure that sun will not dazzle!). Read the bearing as required
at the divided verge ring of the compass or at the compass card. Make sure that the compass is horizontal
balanced. It is not recommended to take bearings of astronomical objects higher than 45° because each
accidental inclination of the compass will distort the measurement.
Slit sight (ocular side)
Wire sight (object side)
Foldable black mirror
for sun azimuth
Reading of relative bearings
Reading of compass bearings
Centre pivot for guiding the azimuth device
While taking bearings make sure that the compass is horizontally leveled!
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel. [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Operation REFLECTA/1
Page B3 Mounting & Operations Manual
Maintenance: The turning joints of both sight-vanes and of the black mirror as well as the centre hole should be
oiled from time to time. Clean and tighten the wire of the wire sight-vane. The azimuth device should be easy to
rotate on the centre pivot and should not clatter when turned.
Shadow Pin
A shadow pin is stowed in the wooden box of the azimuth device. This can be inserted into the drilling of the
centre pivot. Now the sun´s shade can easily be recognized on the white compass card. The shadow direction
makes it possible to calculate the compass deviation and to adjust the compass.
Shadow pin
Centre pivot
Removing the Compass out of the Binnacle
After removing the hood the compass and its suspensions fore and aft will be visible. These are covered by
safety plates to fix the compass in its position. Loosen the screws of the safety plates and remove the compass.
If a detector is fitted watch the cables! Unfit the detector cables either by removing the connector or by
unscrewing the wires in a junction box. The junction box is found in the upper part of the binnacle column,
behind the lower cover of the binnacle (see drawing: Compass Binnacle, Outline) or inside the wheelhouse at
the place where the detector cable comes in.
When reinstalling the compass make sure that the detector cable does not obscure the reflection channel.
Furthermore the cable should not be in direct neighborhood to the illumination bulbs because the heat may
destroy the insulation.
The compass is marked by an ahead label. The zero marking of the divided verge ring shows to aft.
Ahead marking of compass
Unscrew safety plate to remove the
compass
Flinder´s bar
Spare Compass
Store spare compass upside down to reduce friction of the pivot.
Maintenance of Compass and Compass Binnacle
Refer to chapter “Maintenance, Errors, and Repair“
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel. [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]

Compass Adjustment REFLECTA/1
Page C1 Mounting & Operations Manual
Adjustment of Compass
General
Compass adjustment is necessary to neutralize the deflecting magnetic fields caused by the ship´s steel hull or
superstructure.
The first adjustment has to be made on maiden voyage. Later, it should be repeated periodically according to
the requirements of the maritime authority (for ships flying the German flag: two years). Furthermore it should
be carried out additionally on particular circumstances like reconstruction works, lightning stroke, grounding .....
It is necessary to call a qualified compass adjuster for adjustment works.
Before adjustment the vessel must be ready for sea: cargo derricks, hatchway covers, davits.....are to be
positioned as on voyage.
Further details will be found in “Handbook of Compass Adjustment“, Pub. 226 of U.S. Department of Defense,
Defense Mapping Agency.
A-Correction
This is to correct the alignment error of the compass binnacle: Compass ahead and ships ahead have to be
corresponding. For correction loosen the binnacle fixing bolts in the base. Oblong holes in the base allow to turn
the binnacle column by +/-5° around its vertical axis. Attach the azimuth device and take a bearing of a midship
object like masts (provided the compass binnacle itself is located midships) and turn the binnacle so that the
index mark of the azimuth device shows “000“ at the divided verge ring on top of the compass.
B+C-Correction
At delivery 6 B+C magnets (10 mmØ x 200 mm) are to be found in their magazines behind the relevant covers.
See chapter “Compass Binnacle, Outline“.
These are to correct the errors caused by the ship´s permanent longitudinal and cross magnetism. The B-
corrector compensates the longitudinal and the C-corrector the athwardship field. The following picture is to
identfy the magnets. B-magnets are longitudinal and C-magnets are transversal orientated. Correction of +/-40°
deviation is possible to meet the regulations. Choose quantity, orientation and position of magnets as required.
There are 2x10 holes to put in the B-magnets (10 each on port and starboard) and 1x10 holes to put in the C-
magnets. This enables sufficient fine adjustment. Start inserting magnets from the lowest position. The holes
are numbered to note the magnet positions required in the compass diary.
Closed B+C cover, port
uncovered B+C magazines, starboard
B-Magnets, longitudinal orientated
C-Magnets, cross ship orientated
Alterations / Errors reserved
Cassens & Plath GmbH, Kompasshaus, Am Lunedeich 131, 27572 Bremerhaven, Germany, tel. [phone], fax [phone]
www.cassens-plath.de, [email protected]