Cisco ASR 5000 Series Instruction Manual

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Cisco ASR 5000 Series Serving Gateway Administration Guide
© 2010 Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliated entities. All rights reserved.

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CONTENTS
About this Guide ............................................................................................... vii
Conventions Used..................................................................................................................................................viii
Contacting Customer Support .................................................................................................................................. x
Serving Gateway Overview.............................................................................. 11
eHRPD Network Summary .................................................................................................................................... 12
eHRPD Network Components........................................................................................................................... 13
Evolved Access Network (eAN)................................................................................................................... 13
Evolved Packet Control Function (ePCF)..................................................................................................... 14
HRPD Serving Gateway (HSGW) ................................................................................................................ 14
SAE Network Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 15
E-UTRAN EPC Network Components ............................................................................................................. 16
eNodeB ......................................................................................................................................................... 17
Mobility Management Entity (MME)........................................................................................................... 17
Serving Gateway (S-GW) ............................................................................................................................. 17
PDN Gateway (P-GW) ................................................................................................................................. 18
Product Description................................................................................................................................................ 19
Product Specifications ............................................................................................................................................ 22
Licenses ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
Hardware Requirements .................................................................................................................................... 22
Platforms....................................................................................................................................................... 22
Components .................................................................................................................................................. 22
Operating System Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 23
Network Deployment(s) ......................................................................................................................................... 24
Serving Gateway in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network ............................................................................................ 24
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points)........................................................................... 25
Features and Functionality - Base Software ........................................................................................................... 29
Subscriber Session Management Features......................................................................................................... 29
IPv6 Capabilities........................................................................................................................................... 29
Lawful Intercept............................................................................................................................................ 30
Subscriber Level Trace ................................................................................................................................. 30
Session Recovery Support ............................................................................................................................ 31
Quality of Service Management Features.......................................................................................................... 32
QoS Bearer Management.............................................................................................................................. 32
Network Access and Charging Management Features ...................................................................................... 33
Online/Offline Charging ............................................................................................................................... 33
Network Operation Management Functions ...................................................................................................... 34
Support Interfaces (Reference Points) .......................................................................................................... 34
Multiple PDN Support .................................................................................................................................. 35
Congestion Control ....................................................................................................................................... 35
IP Access Control Lists................................................................................................................................. 36
System Management Features ........................................................................................................................... 36
Management System Overview .................................................................................................................... 37
Bulk Statistics Support.................................................................................................................................. 38
Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA) Support ................................................................................................... 39
ANSI T1.276 Compliance ............................................................................................................................ 40
Features and Functionality - External Application Support ................................................................................... 41

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Web Element Management System................................................................................................................... 41
Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software ....................................................................... 43
IP Security (IPSec) Encryption ......................................................................................................................... 43
Traffic Policing and Shaping............................................................................................................................. 43
Layer 2 Traffic Management (VLANs)............................................................................................................. 44
How the Serving Gateway Works .......................................................................................................................... 45
GTP Serving Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an LTE-SAE Network....................................................... 45
Subscriber-initiated Attach (initial) .............................................................................................................. 45
Subscriber-initiated Detach .......................................................................................................................... 48
Supported Standards............................................................................................................................................... 50
3GPP References............................................................................................................................................... 50
3GPP2 References............................................................................................................................................. 51
IETF References................................................................................................................................................ 51
Object Management Group (OMG) Standards.................................................................................................. 52
Serving Gateway Configuration ...................................................................... 53
Configuring the System as a Standalone eGTP S-GW .......................................................................................... 54
Information Required ........................................................................................................................................ 54
Required Local Context Configuration Information..................................................................................... 54
Required S-GW Ingress Context Configuration Information ....................................................................... 55
Required S-GW Egress Context Configuration Information........................................................................ 56
How This Configuration Works ........................................................................................................................ 57
eGTP S-GW Configuration ............................................................................................................................... 59
Initial Configuration ..................................................................................................................................... 60
eGTP Configuration ..................................................................................................................................... 63
Verifying and Saving the Configuration....................................................................................................... 65
Verifying and Saving Your Configuration ...................................................... 67
Verifying the Configuration ................................................................................................................................... 68
Feature Configuration....................................................................................................................................... 68
Service Configuration........................................................................................................................................ 69
Context Configuration....................................................................................................................................... 70
System Configuration........................................................................................................................................ 70
Finding Configuration Errors ............................................................................................................................ 70
Saving the Configuration ....................................................................................................................................... 72
Saving the Configuration on the Chassis ............................................................................................................... 73
Monitoring the Service ..................................................................................... 75
Monitoring System Status and Performance .......................................................................................................... 76
Clearing Statistics and Counters ............................................................................................................................ 78
Configuring Subscriber Session Tracing....................................................... 79
Introduction............................................................................................................................................................ 80
Supported Functions.......................................................................................................................................... 81
Supported Standards............................................................................................................................................... 83
Supported Networks and Platforms........................................................................................................................ 84
Licenses.................................................................................................................................................................. 85
Subscriber Session Trace Functional Description .................................................................................................. 86
Operation........................................................................................................................................................... 86
Trace Session................................................................................................................................................ 86
Trace Recording Session .............................................................................................................................. 86
Network Element (NE)...................................................................................................................................... 86
Activation .......................................................................................................................................................... 86
Management Activation ............................................................................................................................... 87
Signaling Activation ..................................................................................................................................... 87
Start Trigger ...................................................................................................................................................... 87
Deactivation ...................................................................................................................................................... 87

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Stop Trigger....................................................................................................................................................... 87
Data Collection and Reporting .......................................................................................................................... 87
Trace Depth................................................................................................................................................... 88
Trace Scope................................................................................................................................................... 88
Network Element Details................................................................................................................................... 88
MME............................................................................................................................................................. 88
S-GW ............................................................................................................................................................ 88
P-GW ............................................................................................................................................................ 89
Subscriber Session Trace Configuration ................................................................................................................ 90
Enabling Subscriber Session Trace on EPC Network Element ......................................................................... 90
Trace File Collection Configuration .................................................................................................................. 91
Verifying Your Configuration ................................................................................................................................ 92
Sample Configuration Files ............................................................................. 95
Standalone eGTP Serving Gateway ....................................................................................................................... 96
Configuration Sample........................................................................................................................................ 96
S-GW Engineering Rules................................................................................ 101
Interface and Port Rules ....................................................................................................................................... 102
S1-U/S11 Interface Rules ................................................................................................................................ 102
S5/S8 Interface Rules ...................................................................................................................................... 102
MAG to LMA Rules ................................................................................................................................... 102
S-GW Service Rules............................................................................................................................................. 104
S-GW Subscriber Rules........................................................................................................................................ 105

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About this Guide
This document pertains to features and functionality that run on and/or that are related to the Cisco® ASR 5000 Chassis,
formerly the Starent Networks ST40.

About this Guide
▀Conventions Used
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Conventions Used
The following tables describe the conventions used throughout this documentation.
Icon
Notice Type
Description
Information Note
Provides information about important features or instructions.
Caution
Alerts you of potential damage to a program, device, or system.
Warning
Alerts you of potential personal injury or fatality. May also alert you of potential
electrical hazards.
Electro-Static Discharge
(ESD)
Alerts you to take proper grounding precautions before handling a product.
Typeface Conventions
Description
Text represented as a
This typeface represents displays that appear on your terminal screen, for example:
Text represented as
This typeface represents commands that you enter, for example:
This document always gives the full form of a command in lowercase letters. Commands
are not case sensitive.
Text represented as a
This typeface represents a variable that is part of a command, for example:
slot_number is a variable representing the desired chassis slot number.
Text represented as menu or sub-
menu names
This typeface represents menus and sub-menus that you access within a software
application, for example:
Click the File menu, then click New
Command Syntax
Conventions
Description
{ or
}
Required keywords and variables are surrounded by grouped brackets.
Required keywords and variables are those components that are required to be entered as part of the
command syntax.

About this Guide
Conventions Used ▀
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Command Syntax
Conventions
Description
[ or
]
Optional keywords or variables, or those that a user may or may not choose to use, are surrounded by square
brackets.
|
With some commands there may be a group of variables from which the user chooses one. These are called
alternative variables and are documented by separating each variable with a vertical bar (also known as a
pipe filter).
Pipe filters can be used in conjunction with required or optional keywords or variables. For example:
OR
[ | ]

About this Guide
▀Contacting Customer Support
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Contacting Customer Support
Use the information in this section to contact customer support.
For New Customers: Refer to the support area of http://www.cisco.com for up-to-date product documentation or to
submit a service request. A valid username and password is required to this site. Please contact your local sales or
service representative for additional information.
For Existing Customers with support contracts through Starent Networks: Refer to the support area of
https://support.starentnetworks.com/ for up-to-date product documentation or to submit a service request. A valid
username and password is required to this site. Please contact your local sales or service representative for additional
information.
IMPORTANT:For warranty and repair information, please be sure to include the Return Material Authorization
(RMA) tracking number on the outside of the package.

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Chapter 1
Serving Gateway Overview
The ASR 5000 Core Platform provides wireless carriers with a flexible solution that functions as a Serving Gateway (S-
GW) in Long Term Evolution-System Architecture Evolution (LTE-SAE) wireless data networks.
This overview provides general information about the S-GW including:
eHRPD Network Summary
SAE Network Summary
Product Description
Product Specifications
Network Deployment(s)
Features and Functionality - Base Software
Features and Functionality - External Application Support
Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software
How the Serving Gateway Works
Supported Standards

Serving Gateway Overview
▀eHRPD Network Summary
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eHRPD Network Summary
In a High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) network, mobility is performed using client-based mobile IPv6 or Client Mobile
IPv6 (CMIPv6). This involves the mobile node with an IPv6 stack maintaining a binding between its home address and
its care-of address. The mobile node must also send mobility management signaling messages to a home agent.
The primary difference in an evolved HRPD (eHRPD) network is the use of network mobility (via proxy) allowing the
network to perform mobility management, instead of the mobile node. This form of mobility is known as Proxy Mobile
IPv6 (PMIPv6).
One of the eHRPD network’s functions is to provide interworking of the mobile node with the 3GPP Evolved Packet
Core (EPC). The EPC is a high-bandwidth, low-latency packet network also know as System Architecture Evolution
(SAE), supporting the Long Term Evolution Radio Access Network (LTE RAN). The following figure shows the
relationship of the eHRPD network with the EPC.

Serving Gateway Overview
eHRPD Network Summary ▀
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Internet
Enterprise
eAN/ePCF
HRPD
RAN
S-GW
eNodeB
MME
PCRF
3GPP
AAA
HSS
HSGW
OCS/
OFCS
EPC
E-UTRAN
eHRPD
P-GW
eHRPD Network Components
The eHRPD network is comprised of the following components:
Evolved Access Network (eAN)
The eAN is a logical entity in the radio access network used for radio communications with an access terminal (mobile
device). The eAN is equivalent to a base station in 1x systems. The eAN supports operations for EPS –eHRPD RAN in
addition to legacy access network capabilities.

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▀eHRPD Network Summary
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Evolved Packet Control Function (ePCF)
The ePCF is an entity in the radio access network that manages the relay of packets between the eAN and the HSGW.
The ePCF supports operations for the EPS –eHRPD RAN in addition to legacy packet control functions.
The ePCF supports the following:
Main service connection over SO59
Uses PDN-MUX and allows multiplexing data belonging to multiple PDNs
Signaling over Main A10
LCP messages for PPP link establishment
EAP messages used for authentication
VSNCP messages for establishment of PDNs
VSNP for establishment of EPS bearers and QoS mappings (RSVP)
HRPD Serving Gateway (HSGW)
The HSGW is the entity that terminates the HRPD access network interface from the eAN/PCF. The HSGW
functionality provides interworking of the AT with the 3GPP EPS architecture and protocols specified in 23.402
(mobility, policy control (PCC), and roaming). The HSGW supports efficient (seamless) inter-technology mobility
between LTE and HRPD with the following requirements:
Sub 300ms bearer interruption
Inter-technology handoff between 3GPP E-UTRAN and HRPD
Intra-technology handoff between an HSGW and an existing PDSN
Support for inter-HSGW fast handoff via PMIPv6 Binding Update

Serving Gateway Overview
SAE Network Summary ▀
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SAE Network Summary
The System Architecture Evolution was developed to provide a migration path for 3GPP systems and introduce higher
data rates and lower latency for a variety of radio access technologies. SAE defines the packet network supporting the
high-bandwidth radio network as the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). The EPC provides mobility between 3GPP (GSM,
UMTS, and LTE) and non-3GPP radio access technologies, including CDMA, WiMAX, WiFi, High Rate Packet Data
(HRPD), evolved HRPD, and ETSI defined TISPAN networks.
The following figure shows the interworking of the EPC with the different radio access technologies.

Serving Gateway Overview
▀SAE Network Summary
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Internet
S-GW
eNodeB
MME
PCRF
3GPP
AAA
HSS
OCS/
OFCS
EPC
E-UTRAN P-GW
Non-3GPP
SGSN
GERAN
UTRAN
Enterprise
ePDG
WLAN
E-UTRAN EPC Network Components
The E-UTRAN EPC network is comprised of the following components:

Serving Gateway Overview
SAE Network Summary ▀
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eNodeB
The eNodeB is the LTE base station and is one of two nodes in the SAE Architecture user plane (the other is the S-
GW). The eNodeB communicates with other eNodeBs via the X2 interface. The eNodeB communicates with the EPC
via the S1 interface. The user plane interface is the S1-U connection to S-GW. The signaling plane interface is the S1-
MME connection to MME.
Basic functions supported include:
Radio resource management, radio bearer control, and scheduling
IP header compression and encryption of user data stream
Selection of MME at UE attachment (if not determined by information sent from the UE)
Scheduling and transmission of paging messages (originated from the MME)
Scheduling and transmission of broadcast information (originated from the MME or OA&M)
Measurement & measurement reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling
Mobility Management Entity (MME)
The MME is the key control-node for the LTE access-network. The MME provides the following basic functions:
NAS
signalling
signalling security
UE access in ECM-IDLE state (including control and execution of paging retransmission)
Tracking Area (TA) list management
PGW and SGW selection
MME selection for handovers with MME change
SGSN selection for handovers to 2G or 3G 3GPP access networks
Terminates interface to HSS (S6a)
Authentication
Bearer management functions including dedicated bearer establishment
HRPD access node (terminating S101 reference point) selection for handovers to HRPD
Transparent transfer of HRPD signalling messages and transfer of status information between E-UTRAN and
HRPD access, as specified in the pre-registration and handover flows
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
For each UE associated with the EPS, there is a single S-GW at any given time providing the following basic functions:

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▀SAE Network Summary
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Terminates the interface towards E-UTRAN (S1-U)
Functions (for both the GTP-based and the PMIP-based S5/S8) include:
local mobility anchor point for inter-eNodeB handover
mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP mobility (terminating S4 and relaying the traffic between 2G/3G
system and P-GW)
ECM-IDLE mode downlink packet buffering and initiation of network triggered service request
procedure
lawful intercept
packet routing and forwarding
transport level packet marking in the uplink and the downlink (e.g. setting the DiffServ Code Point)
Accounting
Handling of Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages if PMIP based S5/S8 is used
MAG for PMIP based S5 and S8
PDN Gateway (P-GW)
For each UE associated with the EPS, there is at least one P-GW providing access to the requested PDN. If a UE is
accessing multiple PDNs, there may be more than one P-GW for that UE. The P-GW provides the following basic
functions:
Terminates the interface towards the PDN (SGi)
P-GW functions (for both the GTP-based and the PMIP-based S5/S8) include:
per-user packet filtering (e.g. deep packet inspection)
lawful intercept
UE IP address allocation
UL and DL service level charging, gating control, and service level rate enforcement
DL rate enforcement based on AMBR (Aggregate Max Bit Rate) and based on the accumulated MBRs
of the aggregate of SDFs with the same GBR QCI
DHCPv4 and DHCPv6 functions (client, relay and server)
LMA for PMIP6

Serving Gateway Overview
Product Description ▀
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Product Description
The Serving Gateway routes and forwards data packets from the UE and acts as the mobility anchor during inter-
eNodeB handovers. Signals controlling the data traffic are received on the S-GW from the MME which determines the
S-GW that will best serve the UE for the session. Every UE accessing the EPC is associated with a single S-GW.
The S-GW is also involved in mobility by forwarding down link data during a handover from the E-UTRAN to the
eHRPD network. An interface from the eAN/ePCF to an MME provides signaling that creates a GRE tunnel between
the S-GW and the eHRPD Serving Gateway.

Serving Gateway Overview
▀Product Description
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Figure 1. Basic E-UTRAN/EPC and eHRPD Network Topology
Internet
Enterprise
eAN/ePCF A10/A11
SGi
eHRPD S2a Gxa
STa
E-UTRAN
EPC
P-GW
S1-U
S5/S8
S11 Gx
Gxc
S1-MME
eNodeB
S6a
MME
PCRF
3GPP
AAA
S6b
SWx
HSS
OFCS
Rf / Gz
Rf
S101 S103
HSGW
OCS
Gy
S-GW
The functions of the S-GW for both GTP-based and PMIP-based network sessions include:
packet routing and forwarding.
providing the local mobility anchor point for inter-eNodeB handover and assisting the eNodeB reordering
function by sending one or more “end marker” packets to the source eNodeB immediately after switching the
path.
mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP mobility (terminating the S4 interface from an SGSN and relaying the traffic
between 2G/3G system and a PDN gateway.
packet buffering for ECM-IDLE mode downlink and initiation of network triggered service request procedure.