Crystal Vision DEC103S User manual

Crystal Vision Ltd., Lion Technology Park, Station Road East, Whittlesford, Cambridge, CB22 4WL, England.
E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.crystalvision.tv Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
DEC103S
Composite or Y/C to SDI decoder

DEC103SUser ManualV1.5 Crystal Vision
1DEC103SUser ManualV1.5 20/09/05
Contents
1 Introduction 3
Operating modes 4
Output timing 4
Audio follow pulse 4
Manual scope 4
2Statesman 5
2.1 Installing Statesman 5
2.2 Statesman operation 6
Configuration 7
Gain, black level and phase adjustment 9
Timing adjustment 10
3 Using the front control panel 12
The DEC103s menu structure 15
Selecting video standard and decoder modes 16
Setting gain and black level 17
Adjusting signal timing 18
4 Card edge operation 21
Card edge controls 21
Displaying module type and firmware 21
Setting video standard and decoder options 22
Setting gain and black level 24
Adjusting signal timing 25

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Setting 525 (NTSC) Setup 27
Restoring factory defaults 27
5 Hardware installation 28
5.1 Rear modules and signal I/O 28
RM01 28
RM02 29
RM18 30
5.2 Module configuration 31
Loop or terminate the external reference 31
Card-edge control - video standard and 8/10 bit jumper location 31
Setting node addresses 32
6 Trouble shooting 33
Card edge monitoring 33
Fault finding guide 33
7 Specification 35

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1 Introduction
The DEC103S is an analogue composite or Y/C to serial digital video decoder. It contains
a 10-bit synchroniser allowing the serial digital output to be timed to an analogue
reference.
Two main operating modes are supported, 10-bit for professional quality PAL or NTSC
video and 8-bit for less stable PAL or NTSC video, as is often the case with VHS or
satellite feeds.
The decoder is fitted with a 3 line adaptive comb decoder and Crystal Vision’s own
‘Bandsplit’ decoder which gives excellent decoding without the artefacts of a comb. This
is recommended when using broadcast PAL material. It is also designed to accommodate
jittery or damaged signals and will automatically switch to its tolerant 8-bit decoder mode
when a non-stable signal is received.
The main features are as follows:
•compact single height module
•converts any composite or Y/C signal to SDI
•frame synchroniser
•10-bit adaptive comb and PAL Bandsplit filtering plus 8-bit input modes
•automatic or manual PAL/NTSC standard selection
•adjustable timing, gain and black level
•audio follow pulse for audio to video delay tracking
•loop or terminate external analogue video reference input
•card edge, Statesman and remote control facilities
The DEC 103S analogue composite or Y/C to serial digital video decoder

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The DEC103S is a 100mm x 266mm module, which fits in the all standard frames and
can be integrated with any boards from the company’s full product range. It uses the
single height RM01, double height RM18 and triple height RM02 rear connectors in
Indigo and other Crystal Vision frames.
Operating modes
To provide optimum performance with a wide range of sources the DEC103S can operate
in a number of different modes.
10-bit input modes Description
10-bit Comb PAL/NTSC
composite
Uses a line-based comb decoder, which mixes to simple decoder
when the comb would produce artefacts.
10-bit Bandsplit PAL
composite
High quality analogue Bandsplit mode provides best results when
PAL material is unsuitable for line-based comb.
10-bit Y/C (S-video) Suitable for use with well-timed PAL sources.
8-bit composite
8-bit Y/C (S-video)
All 8-bit modes use a robust simple decoder. These highly tolerant
modes are particularly suitable for use with poorly timed sources
such as VHS recorders or satellite feeds.
Note: The Y/C input filtering is designed for PAL, use the DEC 102S for NTSC Y/C inputs.
Each operating mode has its own luminance and chrominance gain, offset and phase
settings and both 525 and 625 line standards have separate horizontal and vertical timing
settings. All these parameters are automatically maintained when power is cycled.
Output timing
Horizontal and vertical timing adjustments are provided that operate relative to one of
three analogue timing references. These are an external reference, the video input or an
internal free-running clock. The external reference can be video or composite syncs
although a composite black and burst plus 300mV syncs into 75 Ohm as per EBU N14-
1988 is preferred.
If no analogue reference is provided the board will either time itself relative to the
composite or Y/C video input in 10 bit modes, or it will time its output to a free running
clock in 8 bit modes.
A horizontal offset delay adjustment varies the timing of the input video relative to input
syncs and blanking in 10-bit mode whichever source is the active reference.
Audio follow pulse
To allow an audio delay to track the delay through the DEC103S, a TTL level pulse is
provided. This pulse is output every frame. The length of the pulse (the time between the
rising and falling edge) is the same as the delay through the synchroniser.
Manual scope
This manual refers to module firmware version 2.87 or later.

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2 Statesman
The Crystal Vision Statesman PC control software is designed to control a range of
Crystal Vision modules via serial control from a PC.
The main Statesman application communicates with each module in a frame through an
active control panel with or without an LCD display. Statesman will not be able to detect
modules used in a frame with only a passive front panel.
2.1 Installing Statesman
Minimum pre-requisites:
•A PC running Windows 98, NT4 with SP 5 or higher Windows 2000 or
Windows XP
•A parallel port dongle supplied with the Statesman software package
•An RS422 serial connection from the host PC to the Remote 2 connector on an
FR1AV or FR2AV Crystal Vision frame with at least one DEC103S module
and/or other Statesman compatible module
•An active control panel MUST be fitted to the frame with version 1.63 or above
firmware – if it is an Indigo frame the firmware must be V1.04 or above
•An optional RS422 to RS232 converter if the PC has no RS422 ports
Installing Statesman
•Refer to the readme and/or help file on the CD before proceeding
•To view all application windows, set graphics resolution to at least 1024 x 768
•Remove any previous version of the Statesman software using the Add/Remove
Programs application in the Windows Control Panel
•Ensure that the Statesman dongle is fitted to the parallel port of the host PC
•Insert the Statesman CD and the installation should start immediately – if it
does not, run the setup.exe file on the CD
•Obey any installation program prompts and restart the PC when prompted
Running Statesman for the first time
The Statesman PC Control System may be run from the Crystal Vision programs folder
via the Start menu or by double-clicking on the Crystal Vision.exe file in the installed
program directory.
When the program runs it will require licence information and an administrator name and
password. It will also need to know which computer port is being used to connect to a
Crystal Vision frame(s).
Note: For further details of Statesman configuration please refer to the Statesman manual.

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2.2 Statesman operation
Once Statesman is configured it should automatically detect any statesman compatible
modules in the connected frame or frames and display them in the main application left
hand explorer-style window.
Open any frame by clicking on the ‘+’ sign or by double clicking on a frame. Installed
modules should be shown with module icons. Frame and module icons can be named as
desired by right-clicking or using the edit menu and choosing rename.
To aid user recognition of module and frame status quickly, the following colour and size
coding is used:
•A module is shown present by full colour and absent by greyed colour
•A module is shown open by large icon size and closed by small icon
•A module is the source of an active alarm if red and not alarmed if green
Double-clicking on a module will enable the display of the main application menus.
Statesman main application window
The two large control panes shown in the upper and lower halves of the window may
display different menus for the same card, or controls for different cards. Click on the
horizontal button-bar between the two panes to close the lower plane or drag the button to
vary the size of the panes.
Note: For further details of Statesman configuration and operation please refer to the Statesman
manual.

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Configuration
The configuration tab provides access to the following:
•PAL/NTSC/Auto - standard selection
•YC/Composite – format selection
•8 Bit/10 Bit – simple or comb/bandsplit filter decoding
•Comb/Bandsplit – use Bandsplit if input unsuitable for comb filter
•Blank or unblank the VBI interval
•Pedestal – pass or block the NTSC pedestal
•Status – input and reference presence
Configuration
Input settings
Input settings are as follows:
Input setting Description
PAL/NTSC/Auto Force input standard or allow automatic switching between PAL and NTSC
YC /Composite Select Y/C (S-Video) or composite input format
Note: When the input is NTSC the Y/C mode automatically sets the module into 8 bit mode.
Use the DEC102S for 10-bit mode with NTSC inputs in Y/C format.

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Output settings
Output settings are as follows:
Output setting Description
8 bit/10 bit/Auto Force 10 or 8 bit output quality or allow automatic selection. When the input is NTSC
the Y/C mode automatically sets the module into 8 bit mode
Comb/Bandsplit Select decoder quality setting – 10 bit adaptive comb decoder mode or 10 bit HIGH
QUALITY Bandsplit mode
VBI Blanked
/Unblanked
VBI data blocked or passed unprocessed (unblanked) on luminance channel
Pedestal (NTSC
only)
ON: 7.5 IRE subtracted from black level, gain increased
OFF: Black level and gain settings assume no 7.5 IRE offset
Note: Vertical Blanking Interval data is normally present in PAL on lines 7-22 and 319-335 and in
NTSC on lines 10-20 and 273-282.
Status
Status indications are as follows:
Input setting Description
Input presence Green when input detected. Grey when no input detected.
Reference present Yellow when analogue reference detected. Grey when no input detected.
Note: Refer to the installation section for details of the external analogue reference input loop or
terminate link on the module itself.

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Gain, black level and phase adjustment
The level adjustment tab provides access to the following:
•Luma and Chroma gain
•U and V gain
•Black level
•Phase/Hue – 10 bit mode only
Level adjustment controls
Setting gain and black level
The gain and black level adjustments are independent for 8 and 10 bit modes as well as
Comb, Bandsplit and Y/C modes. For example, if the unit is set up in 10 bit mode and
subsequently adjusted in 8 bit mode, the 10 bit adjustments are maintained and will be
restored when 10 bit operation is resumed.
There are effectively five sets of independent gain and offset adjustments; 8 bit
composite, 10 bit COMB, 10 bit Bandsplit, 8 bit Y/C and 10 bit Y/C.
Adjusting phase/hue
The phase adjustment is separate for each video standard and for composite and Y/C
inputs. This adjustment is available in 10-bit mode only.
The Phase/Hue control adjusts chroma phase relative to burst. The range of adjustment is
360 degrees, in steps of roughly 0.1degrees. When the maximum adjustment is reached
the value wraps around to zero.
Recalling defaults
To recall default settings press the 'Cal' button.

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Timing adjustment
The position adjustment tab provides access to the following:
•Horizontal position - output timing in 37ns steps
•Vertical position - output timing in one line steps
•Horizontal delay - input timing in 37ns steps (10 bit mode only)
Position adjustment controls
Different horizontal and vertical timing adjustments can be maintained for 625 and 525
line operation. However, the horizontal delay is common to both 525 and 625
Note: The horizontal delay and phase controls are not available in 8-bit mode.
The active output timing reference
The horizontal and vertical timing adjustments operate relative to one of three analogue
timing references. These are an external reference, the composite or YC input or an
internal free-running clock. Which of these is the active reference is dependent on the
presence of an external reference or whether an 8-bit or 10-bit mode is in operation.
When an external analogue timing reference is present serial output timing is maintained
relative to the external analogue reference.
When no external analogue timing reference present the serial output timing depends on
whether the decoder is in 10 or 8-bit mode. In 10-bit mode the serial output is timed to the
composite or Y/C input. In 8-bit mode the output is timed to a free running factory set
clock.
The following tables summarises the possible output timing reference sources:
Active timing reference Ext Ref Mode
External analogue input Present 10 or 8 bit
Composite or Y/C input Not present 10 bit
Free running internal clock Not present 8 bit

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Adjusting horizontal and vertical timing
The horizontal position slider adjusts output timing relative to the active analogue
reference in steps of 37ns. The range of adjustment is one video line.
The vertical position slider adjusts the output timing relative to the active analogue
reference in steps of one video line. The range of adjustment is one video frame. When
the maximum adjustment is reached the slider will move to zero.
Note: Attempts to exceed 524 on the vertical slider graticule in NTSC mode will reset the slider to
zero.
When both horizontal and vertical position settings are zero the serial output will be timed
to the analogue reference as per ITU-R BT.601. Increasing the vertical position setting
will delay the output relative to the reference in increments of one video line. Increasing
the Horizontal position setting will increase this delay in increments of 37ns.
With an analogue timing reference present the delay through the board depends on this
adjustment and the relative timing of the serial input and the analogue reference.
When both vertical position and horizontal position are set to zero the delay through the
board will be at a minimum. The minimum delay through the board is approximately 1.7
lines in 10-bit mode and 0.7 lines in 8-bit mode.
Adjusting input video timing
The horizontal delay adjustment varies the timing of the input video relative to input
syncs and blanking in 10 bit mode whichever source is the active reference.
Mode Input video timing
10 bit Relative to input video syncs and blanking
8 bit No horizontal delay available
The horizontal delay slider adjusts the input video timing with respect to the input video
syncs in steps of 37ns. This adjustment is available in 10-bit mode only. The available
range is -128 to +127 steps (roughly +/- 4.5 microseconds) relative to the factory default
position. The value cannot be adjusted outside this range.
Recalling defaults
To recall default settings press the 'Default' button.

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3 Using the front control panel
This operational guide assumes that the panel has been setup according to the Panel setup
procedure described in the Crystal Vision Controls Panel manual.
Note: It is ESSENTIAL that the Panel setup procedure is followed and any old or unknown
passwords cleared prior to using the panel for the first time.
At power up, the two line 20-character screen will display ‘Crystal Vision’ followed by
the firmware version number for the control panel. All eight control panel key LEDs will
illuminate.
The Crystal Vision control panel start up display
'Control Panel' then briefly replaces the version number display.
If the control panel firmware has been updated for Statesman control (version 1.5.0 or
higher), Statesman Mode will be entered and the message, ‘Press CAL to Exit’ will be
displayed and the CAL LED will light.
Statesman mode is entered by default

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To continue with control panel operation or configuration, press the ‘CAL’ key once. A
second press of the ‘CAL’ key will return to Statesman control.
The control panel will display the name of the card that first responds to the polling
request together with its location number.
The location number consists of the frame number plus the card position in the frame.
Selecting the DEC103S
To select a particular card in a frame, press the DEVICE key to go to the Device menu.
The top line of the display will show ‘Available Cards X’, where X is the number of
cards that have responded so far to the polling request.
The available cards menu
Rotate the shaft encoder and the bottom row will display the successfully polled cards by
name and location or slot number.
In the example above, the card displayed is located in the first frame in slot number 1.
When the desired card is selected press the ENTER key to access that card’s HOME
menu.
If remote control has been enabled, the control panel will then enter card mode and
communicate with the DEC103S at the node number last displayed in the available cards
list.
The DEC103s home menu

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Navigating the display
The functions assigned to control panel keys are dependent on the card selected for
control, and the panel mode. The following list illustrates the functions when controlling
the DEC103S:
•DEVICE – enters Device menu to select a card or card to control / enter Panel
setup when held down during power up / shows frame status when pressed from
Statesman mode
•CAL – Enter or leave Statesman mode / enter panel diagnostics mode when held
down during power up / updates the display
•Asterisk – enters board rename menu from the Device menu
•F1 to F4 – soft keys, function assigned within each menu
•HOME – moves the display to the home menu
•ENTER – accept current selection
•Upward arrow – used to move up the menu structure / enter lock panel menu
from the Device menu
•Rotary control – shaft encoder used to select options or variable data
Note: Please refer to the Crystal Vision Control Panel manual for details of the Panel Setup,
Lock Panel and Diagnostic menus.
Updating the display
The values displayed on an active front panel are only updated when an adjustment is
made and when changing menu level. If mode changes occur through the use of
Statesman, card edge controls or through automatic response to the input video signal, the
text displayed on the active front panel will not be updated immediately. If necessary,
press CAL to update the display.

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The DEC103s menu structure
The main top-level menus are obtained by pressing the F1, F2 and F4 keys from the
HOME menu. Menu keys are illuminated when active and when further menus are
available. The three top-level menus are:
•CONF (Configuration) – press F1
•LEVEL (Level adjustment) – press F2
•TIME (Input/output timing and phase) – press F4
The following chart shows the available DEC103s menus. The actual menus available
may vary slightly as software is updated.
The DEC103s menu tree
Note: Function keys and shaft encoder LEDs are illuminated when active.
Menus or function keys associated with the shaft encoder for changing assigned values
are shown with a black circle.
Menu numbering scheme
This manual uses a simple menu numbering convention based on the sequence of keys
required to reach each menu from the top level home menu. For example, menu 1.1.2 is
reached from the home menu by pressing F1, then F2. Menu 1.2.3 is reached by pressing
F2 and then F3.

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Selecting video standard and decoder modes
Press F1 from the home menu to display the configuration menu with the following
options:
•Video standard selection
•VBI pass/blank select
•Decoder mode selection
•Setup on/off in NTSC
Configuration menu structure Description
Use F2 to select Video Standard menu and F4 to
select Mode menu
Video Standard
F1 selects PAL, NTSC or AUTO
F3 selects VBI data ON or OFF
Decoder Mode (PAL)
F1 selects COMP (Composite) or Y/C
F2 selects 8 bit, 10 bit or Auto
F4 selects Comb or Bandsplit in COMP 10 Bit mode
Filter is Comb in Y/C mode and Simple in 8-bit mode
Decoder Mode (NTSC)
F1 selects COMP (Composite) or Y/C
F2 selects 8 bit, 10 bit or Auto
F4 selects SETUP ON/OFF
10 bit mode is not available in NTSC when Y/C is
selected.
Video standard
Press F1 to switch the video standard through AUTO, PAL and NTSC in turn. In AUTO
mode, the board will switch automatically to the correct video standard based on the input
signal.
If VBI (Vertical Blanking Interval) data is set to ‘ON’, the data is passed as undecoded
luminance. In PAL this affects lines 7 to 22 and 319 to 335, in NTSC it affects lines 10 to
20 and 273 to 282.

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Decoder mode
Press F1 to switch the input between COMP for a composite input signal and Y/C for an
S-Video input signal.
Press F2 to switch through AUTO, 8 bit and 10 bit. AUTO allows the board to switch to
the appropriate bit mode based on the input signal timing stability. In PAL the Filter text
above F4, will be updated automatically as the board switches between bit modes.
When the board is set for PAL, composite input with 10 bit decoding, F4 can be used to
toggle between adaptive COMB decoding or BNDSPLT for high quality Bandsplit
decoding.
Simple decoding is automatically selected for 8-bit mode and Comb is automatically
selected for 10-bit Y/C mode.
In NTSC, F4 is used to toggle SETUP ON or OFF.
Note: 10 bit mode is not available in NTSC when Y/C is selected. Use the DEC102S for 10-bit
mode with NTSC inputs in Y/C format.
Setting gain and black level
Press F2 from the home menu to display the top Level menu providing the following
functions:
•Luminance gain and offset (black level)
•Chrominance gain
The gain and black level adjustments are independent for 8 and 10 bit modes as well as
COMB, Bandsplit and Y/C modes. For example, if the unit is set up in 10 bit mode and
subsequently adjusted in 8 bit mode, the 10 bit adjustments are maintained and will be
restored when 10 bit operation is resumed.
There are effectively five sets of independent gain and offset adjustments; 8 bit
composite, 10 bit COMB, 10 bit Bandsplit, 8 bit Y/C and 10 bit Y/C.
Level menu structure Description
Use F1 to select Luminance menu and F3 to select
Chrominance menu
F1 allows ADJ shaft encoder to set luminance gain
F3 allows ADJ shaft encoder to set black level
CAL sets gain and black level to unity values
F1 allows ADJ shaft encoder to set overall chroma gain
F3 allows ADJ shaft encoder to set U chroma gain
F4 allows ADJ shaft encoder to set V chroma gain
CAL sets all chroma gains to unity values
Note: The displayed number varies as the shaft encoder is rotated to give an indication of the
setting relative to the factory default

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Setting luminance gain and black level
Select the 'LUMA' menu to allow the luminance gain and offset (black level) for the
current mode to be adjusted.
Press the 'F1' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the luminance gain. The shaft
encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear on the display next to 'Y GAIN'.
Use the shaft encoder to adjust the luminance gain from 0 to 200%.
Press the 'F3' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the black level. The shaft encoder
LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear on the display next to 'Y OFFSET'. Use
the shaft encoder to adjust the black level from –30 to +385mV.
Press the 'CAL' button at any time while in this menu to set gain and offset to their default
values (100% and 0mV).
Setting chrominance gains
Select the 'CHROMA' menu to allow the chrominance gains for the current mode to be
adjusted.
Press the 'F1' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the combined chrominance gain
from 0 to 200%. The shaft encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear on the
display next to 'CGAIN'. The shaft encoder will adjust both the U and V gains by the
same proportion of their default values. The 'CGAIN' value is an average of the U and V
values.
Press the 'F3' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the U gain from 0 to 200%. The
shaft encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear on the display next to
'UGAIN'.
Press the 'F4' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the V gain from 0 to 200%. The
shaft encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear on the display next to
'VGAIN'.
Press the 'CAL' button at any time while in this menu to set all gains to their default
values (100%).
Adjusting signal timing
Press F4 from the home menu to display the Timing menu, which provides the following
timing functions:
•Output timing relative to the external reference
•Chroma phase relative to burst (10 bit mode only)
•Input video timing (10 bit mode only)
Timing menu structure Description
Use the ‘F’ buttons below each function to enable
the ADJ shaft encoder to change values.
F1: ADJ sets VPOS (output timing in one line steps)
F2: ADJ sets HPOS (output timing in 37ns steps)
F3: ADJ sets PHSE (chroma timing in 0.1°steps)
F4: ADJ sets HDEL (input timing in 37ns steps)

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Different horizontal and vertical timing adjustments can be maintained for 625 and 525
line operation. However, the horizontal delay is common to both 525 and 625. Settings
are automatically maintained when the unit is powered off and restored when the unit is
powered back on.
Note: The horizontal delay (HDEL) and phase control (PHSE) are not available in 8-bit mode.
The active output timing reference
The horizontal and vertical timing adjustments operate relative to one of three analogue
timing references. These are an external reference, the composite or YC input or an
internal free-running clock. Which of these is the active reference is dependent on the
presence of an external reference or whether an 8-bit or 10-bit mode is in operation.
When an external analogue timing reference is present serial output timing is maintained
relative to the external analogue reference.
When no external analogue timing reference present the serial output timing depends on
whether the decoder is in 10 or 8-bit mode. In 10-bit mode the serial output is timed to the
composite or Y/C input. In 8-bit mode the output is timed to a free running clock.
The following tables summarises the possible output timing reference sources:
Active timing reference Ext Ref Mode
External analogue input Present 10 or 8 bit
Composite or Y/C input Not present 10 bit
Free running internal clock Not present 8 bit
Adjusting horizontal and vertical timing
Increasing the vertical position setting will delay the output relative to the reference in
increments of one video line. Press the 'F1' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the
vertical output timing. The shaft encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will appear
on the display next to 'VPOS'. The range of adjustment is one video frame. When the
maximum adjustment is reached the value wraps around to zero.
Increasing the horizontal position setting will delay the output relative to the reference in
increments of 37ns. Press the 'F2' button to allow the shaft encoder to adjust the
horizontal output timing. The shaft encoder LED will illuminate and an asterisk will
appear on the display next to 'HPOS'. The range of adjustment is one video line.
With an external analogue timing reference present the delay through the board depends
on these adjustments and the relative timing of the serial input and the analogue reference.
When both horizontal and vertical position settings are zero the delay thorough the board
will be minimum and the serial output will be timed to the analogue reference as per ITU-
R BT.601. The minimum delay through the board is approximately 1.7 lines in 10-bit
mode and 0.7 lines in 8-bit mode.