Digi XBee SX 868 User manual

XBee® SX 868
Radio Frequency (RF) Module
User Guide

Revision history—90001538
Revision Date Description
C May 2018 Added note on range estimation.
D March 2019 Added a receiver category to Performance specifications.
E November
2020
Added the C8 and R? commands. Added the Sleep Immediate and
Synchronous pulse sections. Added information on randomizing a single
I/O sample. Revised BC.
F July 2021 Added safety instructions and UKCA labeling requirements.
G March 2022 Added translated safety instructions.
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© 2022 Digi International Inc. All rights reserved.
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XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 2

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XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 3

Contents
XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide
Applicable firmware and hardware 14
Safety instructions
Safety instructions 16
XBee modules 16
Инструкции за безопасност 16
XBee модули 16
Sigurnosne upute 17
XBee moduli 17
Bezpečnostní instrukce 17
moduly XBee 17
Sikkerhedsinstruktioner 18
XBee moduler 18
Veiligheidsinstructies 18
XBee-modules 18
Ohutusjuhised 19
XBee moodulid 19
Turvallisuusohjeet 19
XBee moduulit 19
Consignes de sécurité 20
Modules XBee 20
Sicherheitshinweise 21
XBee-Module 21
Οδηγίες ασφαλείας 21
Biztonsági utasítások 22
XBee modulok 22
Istruzioni di sicurezza 22
Drošības instrukcijas 23
Saugos instrukcijos 23
XBee moduliai 23
Sikkerhetsinstruksjoner 24
XBee-moduler 24
Instrukcje bezpieczeństwa 24
Moduły XBee 24
Instruções de segurança 25
Módulos XBee 25
Instructiuni de siguranta 26
module XBee 26
XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 4

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 5
Bezpečnostné inštrukcie 26
moduly XBee 26
Varnostna navodila 27
XBee moduli 27
Módulos XBee 27
Säkerhets instruktioner 28
XBee-moduler 28
Technical specifications
Regulatory conformity summary 30
Power requirements 31
Networking and security specifications 32
Performance specifications 32
General specifications 33
GPIO specifications 34
LBT and AFA specifications 34
Get started
Verify kit contents 37
Connect the hardware 38
Configure the device using XCTU 39
Configure the devices for a range test 39
Configure remote devices 39
Perform a range test 41
XBee Network Assistant 42
XBee Multi Programmer 42
Hardware
Mechanical drawings 45
Pin signals 46
Pin connection recommendations 48
Operation
Operation 50
Listen Before Talk and Automatic Frequency Agility 50
Single frequency mode band mode 51
Serial communications 51
UART data flow 51
SPI communications 52
SPI operation 53
Configuration considerations 55
Serial port selection 55
Data format 56
SPI parameters 56
Serial buffers 56
Serial receive buffer 56
Serial transmit buffer 57
UART flow control 57
CTS flow control 57

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 6
RTS flow control 57
Serial interface protocols 57
Transparent operating mode 57
API operating mode 58
Advanced application features
Remote configuration commands 60
Send a remote command 60
Apply changes on remote devices 60
Remote command responses 60
Network commissioning and diagnostics 60
Configure devices 61
Network link establishment and maintenance 61
Place devices 62
Device discovery 63
Link reliability 64
Commissioning pushbutton and associate LED 67
I/O line monitoring 69
I/O samples 69
Pin configurations 69
Periodic I/O sampling 72
Detect digital I/O changes 72
I/O line passing 73
Configuration example 73
General Purpose Flash Memory 75
Access General Purpose Flash Memory 75
General Purpose Flash Memory commands 76
Work with flash memory 82
Over-the-air firmware updates 82
Distribute the new application 82
Verify the new application 83
Install the application 83
Software libraries 84
Networking methods
Directed Broadcast/Repeater mode 86
Point to Point/Multipoint mode 86
Permanent (dedicated) 86
Switched 86
DigiMesh networking 86
DigiMesh feature set 87
Networking concepts 88
Device Configuration 88
Network ID 88
Data transmission and routing 88
Unicast addressing 88
Broadcast addressing 88
Routing 89
Route discovery 89
DigiMesh throughput 89
Transmission timeouts 90

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 7
Modes
Transmit mode 93
Receive mode 93
Command mode 93
Enter Command mode 93
Troubleshooting 94
Send AT commands 94
Response to AT commands 95
Apply command changes 95
Make command changes permanent 95
Exit Command mode 95
Sleep mode 95
Force UART operation 96
Condition 96
Solution 96
Sleep modes
About sleep modes 98
Asynchronous modes 98
Synchronous modes 98
Normal mode 98
Asynchronous pin sleep mode 98
Asynchronous cyclic sleep mode 99
Asynchronous cyclic sleep with pin wake up mode 99
Synchronous sleep support mode 99
Synchronous cyclic sleep mode 99
Wake timer 100
Indirect messaging and polling 100
Indirect messaging 100
Polling 101
Sleeping routers 101
Sleep coordinator sleep modes in the DigiMesh network 101
Synchronization messages 101
Become a sleep coordinator 104
Select sleep parameters 106
Sleep immediate 106
Synchronous pulse 107
Start a sleeping synchronous network 107
Add a new node to an existing network 108
Change sleep parameters 109
Rejoin nodes that lose sync 109
Diagnostics 110
AT commands
Special commands 113
AC (Apply Changes) 113
FR (Software Reset) 113
RE (Restore Defaults) 113
WR (Write) 113
MAC/PHY commands 114
CM (Channel Mask) 114

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 8
HP (Preamble ID) 114
ID (Network ID) 115
MT(Broadcast Multi-Transmits) 115
BR (RF Data Rate) 115
PL (TX Power Level) 115
RR (Unicast Mac Retries) 116
ED (Energy Detect) 116
LB (LNA Bypass) 117
Diagnostic commands 117
BC (Bytes Transmitted) 117
DB (Last Packet RSSI) 117
ER (Received Error Count) 118
GD (Good Packets Received) 118
EA (MAC ACK Timeouts) 118
TR (Transmission Errors) 118
UA (MAC Unicast Transmission Count) 119
%H (MAC Unicast One Hop Time) 119
%8 (MAC Broadcast One Hop Time) 119
Network commands 119
CE (Node Messaging Options) 120
C8 (Compatibility Options) 120
BH (Broadcast Hops) 121
NH (Network Hops) 121
NN (Network Delay Slots) 121
MR (Mesh Unicast Retries) 121
Addressing commands 122
SH (Serial Number High) 122
SL (Serial Number Low) 122
DH (Destination Address High) 122
DL (Destination Address Low) 122
TO (Transmit Options) 123
NI (Node Identifier) 123
NT (Node Discover Timeout) 124
NO (Node Discovery Options) 124
CI (Cluster ID) 125
DE (Destination Endpoint) 125
SE (Source Endpoint) 125
Addressing discovery/configuration commands 126
AG (Aggregator Support) 126
DN (Discover Node) 126
ND (Network Discover) 126
FN (Find Neighbors) 127
Diagnostic - addressing commands 128
N? (Network Discovery Timeout) 128
R? (Region) 128
Security commands 128
EE (Security Enable) 128
KY (AES Encryption Key) 129
Serial interfacing commands 129
BD (Interface Data Rate) 129
NB (Parity) 130
SB (Stop Bits) 131
RO (Packetization Timeout) 131
FT (Flow Control Threshold) 131
AP (API Mode) 132

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 9
AO (API Options) 132
I/O settings commands 133
CB (Commissioning Pushbutton) 133
D0 (DIO0/AD0) 133
D1 (DIO1/AD1) 133
D2 (DIO2/AD2) 134
D3 (DIO3/AD3) 134
D4 (DIO4) 135
D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR) 135
D6 (DIO6/RTS) 136
D7 (DIO7/CTS) 136
D8 (DIO8/DTR/SLEEP_REQUEST) 137
D9 (DIO9/ON_SLEEP) 137
P0 (DIO10/RSSI/PWM0 Configuration) 138
P1 (DIO11/PWM1 Configuration) 138
P2 (DIO12 Configuration) 139
P3 (DOUT) 139
P4 (DIN/CONFIG) 140
P5 (DIO15/SPI_MISO Configuration) 140
P6 (SPI_MOSI Configuration) 141
P7 (DIO17/SPI_SSEL ) 141
P8 (DIO18/SPI_SCLK) 141
P9 (DIO19/SPI_ATTN) 142
PD (Pull Up/Down Direction) 142
PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) 143
M0 (PWM0 Duty Cycle) 143
M1 (PWM1 Duty Cycle) 143
LT (Associated LED Blink Time) 143
RP (RSSI PWM Timer) 144
I/O sampling commands 144
AV (Analog Voltage Reference) 144
IC (DIO Change Detection) 144
IF (Sleep Sample Rate) 145
IR (I/O Sample Rate) 146
TP (Temperature) 146
IS (Force Sample) 146
%V (Voltage Supply Monitoring) 147
I/O line passing commands 147
IU (I/O Output Enable) 147
IA (I/O Input Address) 147
T0 (D0 Timeout) 148
T1 (D1 Output Timeout) 148
T2 (D2 Output Timeout) 148
T3 (D3 Output Timeout) 148
T4 (D4 Output Timeout) 149
T5 (D5 Output Timeout) 149
T6 (D6 Output Timeout) 149
T7 (D7 Output Timeout) 149
T8 (D8 Timeout) 150
T9 (D9 Timeout) 150
Q0 (P0 Timeout) 150
Q1 (P1 Timeout) 150
Q2 (P2 Timeout) 151
Q3 (P3 Timeout) 151
Q4 (P4 Timeout) 151

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 10
PT (PWM Output Timeout) 151
Sleep commands 152
SM (Sleep Mode) 152
SO (Sleep Options) 152
SN (Number of Sleep Periods) 153
SP (Sleep Period) 153
ST (Wake Time) 154
WH (Wake Host) 154
Diagnostic - sleep status/timing commands 154
SS (Sleep Status) 154
OS (Operating Sleep Time) 155
OW (Operating Wake Time) 155
MS (Missed Sync Messages) 156
SQ (Missed Sleep Sync Count) 156
Command mode options 156
CC (Command Sequence Character) 156
CT (Command Mode Timeout) 156
CN (Exit Command Mode) 157
GT (Guard Times) 157
Firmware commands 157
VL (Version Long) 157
VR (Firmware Version) 157
HV (Hardware Version) 158
HS (Hardware Series) 158
DD (Device Type Identifier) 158
NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes) 158
CK (Configuration CRC) 159
Operate in API mode
API mode overview 161
Use the AP command to set the operation mode 161
API frame format 161
API operation (AP parameter = 1) 161
API operation with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2) 162
API serial exchanges 164
AT command frames 164
Transmit and receive RF data 165
Remote AT commands 165
Frame descriptions
Local AT Command Request - 0x08 167
Description 167
Format 167
Examples 167
Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09 169
Description 169
Examples 169
Transmit Request - 0x10 171
Description 171
Transmit options bit field 172
Examples 172
Explicit Addressing Command Request - 0x11 174