Digi XBee User manual

XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy)
RF Modules
User Guide

Revision history—90000982
Revision Date Description
S February2015 Updated European restrictions for transmitting below 10 dBm. Updated
the warranty and certification information. Updated programming
examples section. Corrected the maximum value of the IT command.
Corrected P1 command parameters.
T December
2015
Corrected RESET pin information.
U May 2016 Noted that bit 13 of the SC parameter is not available for XBee-PRO
devices. Corrected an error in the I/O line passing parameters table.
Added S1 and Legacy to the product name. Updated the certifications.
V October 2016 Updated and rebranded the documentation.
W June 2017 Modified regulatory and certification information as required by RED
(Radio Equipment Directive).
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States and other countries worldwide. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the
property of their respective owners.
© 2017 Digi International Inc. All rights reserved.
Disclaimers
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a
commitment on the part of Digi International. Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of
any kind, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or
merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual
or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.
Warranty
To view product warranty information, go to the following website:
www.digi.com/howtobuy/terms
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 2

XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 3
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Contents
About the XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) RF Modules
Technical specifications
Electrical characteristics 10
DC Characteristics (VCC = 2.8 - 3.4 VDC) 10
ADC timing/performance characteristics1 11
Performance specifications 12
Power requirements 12
General specifications 13
Networking and security specifications 13
Regulatory conformity summary 13
Hardware
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) Antenna options 16
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) Mechanical drawings 16
Mounting considerations 16
Pin signals 17
Design notes 19
Power supply design 19
Board layout 19
Antenna performance 19
Pin connection recommendations 20
Keepout area 20
Operation
Serial communications 23
UART data flow 23
Transparent operating mode 24
API operating mode 24
Flow control 25
ADC and Digital I/O line support 26
I/O data format 27
API support 27
Sleep support 27
DIO pin change detect 28
Sample rate (interval) 28
I/O line passing 28
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 4

XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 5
Configuration example 29
Networks 29
Peer-to-peer networks 30
NonBeacon (with coordinator) 30
Association 30
Addressing 33
Unicast mode 33
Broadcast mode 34
Modes of operation 34
Idle mode 35
Transmit/Receive modes 35
Sleep modes 37
Multiple AT commands 40
Parameter format 40
Configuration
Programming the RF module 43
Setup 43
Remote configuration commands 44
Send a remote command 44
Apply changes on remote devices 44
Remote command responses 45
AT commands
Special commands 47
WR (Write) 47
RE (Restore Defaults) 47
FR (Software Reset) 47
Networking and security commands 48
CH (Channel) 48
ID (PAN ID) 48
DH (Destination Address High) 48
DL command 49
MY (16-bit Source Address) 49
SH (Serial Number High) 49
SL (Serial Number Low) 49
RR (XBee Retries) 50
RN (Random Delay Slots) 50
MM (MAC Mode) 51
NI (Node Identifier) 51
ND command 52
NT (Node Discover Time) 53
NO (Node Discovery Options) 53
CE (Coordinator Enable) 54
SC (Scan Channels) 54
SD (Scan Duration) 55
A1 (End Device Association) 56
A2 (Coordinator Association) 57
AI (Association Indication) 57
DA (Force Disassociation) 58
FP (Force Poll) 59
AS (Active Scan) 59

XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 6
EE (AES Encryption Enable) 60
KY (AES Encryption Key) 61
RF interfacing commands 61
PL (Power Level) 62
CA (CCA Threshold) 62
Sleep commands (low power) 63
SM (Sleep Mode) 63
SO (Sleep Options) 63
ST (Time before Sleep) 64
SP (Cyclic Sleep Period) 64
DP (Disassociated Cyclic Sleep Period) 65
Serial interfacing commands 65
BD (Interface Data Rate) 65
RO (Packetization Timeout) 67
API Enable 67
NB (Parity) 67
PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) 67
I/O settings commands 68
D0 (DIO0 Configuration) 68
D1 (DIO1 Configuration) 69
D2 (AD2/DIO2 Configuration) 69
D3 (DIO3 Configuration) 70
D4 (DIO4 Configuration) 70
D5 (DIO5 Configuration) 71
D6 (DIO6 Configuration) 71
D7 (DIO7 Configuration) 72
D8 (DIO8 Configuration) 72
IU (I/O Output Enable) 73
IT (Samples before TX) 73
IS (Force Sample) 74
IO command 74
IC (DIO Change Detect) 75
IR (Sample Rate) 75
IA (I/O Input Address) 75
T0 (D0 Output Timeout) 76
T1 (D1 Output Timeout) 76
T2 (D2 Output Timeout) 76
T3 (D3 Output Timeout) 77
T4 (D4 Output Timeout) 77
T5 (D5 Output Timeout) 77
T6 (D6 Output Timeout) 78
T7 (D7 Output Timeout) 78
P0 (PWM0 Configuration) 78
P1 (PWM1 Configuration) 79
M0 (PWM0 Output Level) 79
M1 (PWM1 Output Level) 80
PT (PWM Output Timeout) 80
RP (RSSI PWM Timer) 80
Diagnostic commands 81
VR (Firmware Version) 81
VL (Version Long) 81
HV (Hardware Version) 82
DB (Last Packet RSSI) 82
EC (CCA Failures) 82
EA (ACK Failures) 83

XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 7
Command mode options 83
CT (Command Mode Timeout) 83
CN (Exit Command mode) 84
AC (Apply Changes) 84
GT (Guard Times) 84
CC (Command Sequence Character) 85
API operation
API frame specifications 87
API operation (AP parameter = 1) 87
API operation-with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2) 87
Calculate and verify checksums 88
Example 88
API types 89
Modem Status frame - 0x8A 89
AT Command Frame - 0x08 90
AT Command - Queue Parameter Value frame - 0x09 91
AT Command Response frame - 0x88 91
Remote AT Command Request frame - 0x17 92
Remote Command Response frame - 0x97 92
TX Request: 64-bit address frame - 0x00 93
TX Request: 16-bit address - 0x01 94
TX Status frame - 0x89 94
RX (Receive) packet: 64-bit address frame - 0x80 95
RX (Receive) packet 16-bit address frame - 0x81 95
RX (Receive) Packet: 64-bit address IO frame- 0x82 96
RX Packet: 16-bit address I/O frame - 0x83 97
Regulatory information
United States (FCC) 99
OEM labeling requirements 99
FCC notices 99
FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz) 100
RF exposure 106
Europe (CE) 106
Maximum power and frequency specifications 106
OEM labeling requirements 106
Declarations of conformity 107
Antennas 107
Canada (IC) 108
Labeling requirements 108
Japan 108
Labeling requirements 108
Brazil ANATEL 108

About the XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) RF
Modules
The XBee and XBee-PRO RF Modules were engineered to meet IEEE 802.15.4 standards and support
the unique needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks. The devices require minimal
power and provide reliable delivery of data between devices.
The devices operate within the ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band and are pin-for-pin compatible with each
other.
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 8

Technical specifications
Electrical characteristics 10
Performance specifications 12
Power requirements 12
General specifications 13
Networking and security specifications 13
Regulatory conformity summary 13
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 9

Technical specifications Electrical characteristics
XBee/XBee-PRO S1 802.15.4 (Legacy) User Guide 10
Electrical characteristics
The following tables list the electrical characteristics of the XBee/XBee-PRO XBee/XBee-PRO S1
802.15.4 (Legacy) RF Modules.
DC Characteristics (VCC = 2.8 - 3.4 VDC)
Symbol Characteristic Condition Min Typical Max Unit
VIL Input low voltage All Digital Inputs - - 0.35 *
VCC
V
VIH Input high voltage All Digital Inputs 0.7 *
VCC
- - V
VOL Output low voltage IOL = 2 mA, VCC >= 2.7 V - - 0.5 V
VOH Output high
voltage
IOH = -2 mA, VCC >= 2.7
V
VCC
- 0.5
- - V
IIIN Input leakage
Current
VIN = VCC or GND, all
inputs, per pin
- 0.025 1 µA
IIOZ High impedance
leakage current
VIN = VCC or GND, all
I/O High-Z, per pin
- 0.025 1 µA
TX Transmit current VCC = 3.3 V - 45 (XBee)
215, 140 (XBee-PRO,
International)
- mA
RX Receive current VCC = 3.3 V - 50 (XBee)
55 (XBee-PRO)
- mA
PWR-
DWN
Power-down
current
SM parameter = 1 - <10 - µA
ADC characteristics (operating)
Symbol Characteristic Condition Min Typical Max Unit
VREFH VREF - analog-to-digital converter
reference range
2.08 - VDDAD1V
IREF VREF - reference supply current Enabled - 200 - µA
Disabled or
Sleep Mode
- <0.01 0.02 µA
VINDC Analog input voltage2VSSAD -
0.3
VDDAD +
0.3
V
1. VDDAD is connected to VCC.
2. Maximum electrical operating range, not valid conversion range.