Fluke 77 Series IV User manual

®
Model 77 Series IV
Digital Multimeter
Users Manual
PN 2695884
September 2006
© 2006 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
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i
Table of Contents
Title Page
Contacting Fluke...................................................................................................................... 1
Warning and Caution Statements............................................................................................ 1
Unsafe Voltage ........................................................................................................................ 1
Test Lead Alert ........................................................................................................................ 1
Battery Saver (Sleep Mode) .................................................................................................... 2
Terminals ................................................................................................................................. 2
Rotary Switch Positions ........................................................................................................... 2
Display ..................................................................................................................................... 3
MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode ............................................................................................. 4
AutoHOLD Modes.................................................................................................................... 4
YELLOW Button ...................................................................................................................... 4
Display Backlight ..................................................................................................................... 4
Manual Ranging and Autoranging........................................................................................... 5
Power-Up Options ................................................................................................................... 5
Making Basic Measurements .................................................................................................. 6
Measuring AC and DC Voltage .......................................................................................... 6
Measuring Resistance ........................................................................................................ 6
Measuring Capacitance...................................................................................................... 6
Testing for Continuity..........................................................................................................7
Testing Diodes.................................................................................................................... 7
Measuring AC or DC Current .............................................................................................8
Measuring Frequency......................................................................................................... 8
Using the Bar Graph ................................................................................................................ 9
Cleaning................................................................................................................................... 9
Testing the Fuses .................................................................................................................... 9
Replacing the Battery and Fuses ............................................................................................ 10
Specifications........................................................................................................................... 11
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ii
XW Warning. Read before using the Meter
To avoid possible electrical shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines:
⇒Use the Meter only as specified in this manual or the protection provided by the Meter might be impaired.
⇒Do not use the Meter or test leads if they appear damaged, or if the Meter is not operating properly. If in doubt, have the
Meter serviced.
⇒Always use the proper terminals, switch position, and range for measurements.
⇒Verify the Meter's operation by measuring a known voltage.
⇒Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the Meter, between the terminals or between any terminal and earth
ground.
⇒Use caution with voltages above 30 V ac rms, 42 V ac peak, or 60 V dc. These voltages pose a shock hazard.
⇒Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or
capacitance.
⇒Do not use the Meter around explosive gas or vapor.
⇒When using the test leads, keep your fingers behind the finger guards.
⇒Remove test leads from the Meter before opening the Meter case or battery door.
Symbols
BAC (Alternating Current) IFuse
FDC (Direct Current) PConforms to European Union directives
F
BDC/AC $Canadian Standards Association
JEarth ground TDouble insulated
WImportant Information; see manual X Hazardous Voltage
b Battery (Low battery when shown on
display) ! Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
Meter in accordance with IEC 61010-1. 54CJ
sInspected and licensed by TÜV
(Technischer Überwachungs Verein)
Product Services
;
N10140
Conforms to relevant Australian standards
#VDE (Verband Deutscher Electroniker)
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1
Model 77 Series IV
Digital Multimeter
The Fluke Model 77 Series IV is a battery-powered, average
responding-rms indicating multimeter (hereafter "the Meter"), with
a 6000-count, 3 3/4-digit display, and a bar graph.
This meter meets CAT III and CAT IV IEC 61010 standards. The
IEC 61010 safety standard defines four measurement categories
(CAT I to IV) based on the magnitude of danger from transient
impulses. CAT III meters are designed to protect against transients
in fixed-equipment installations at the distribution level; CAT IV
meters are designed to protect against transients from the primary
supply level (overhead or underground utility service).
The Meter measures or tests the following:
♦AC / DC voltage & current ♦Diodes
♦Resistance ♦Continuity
♦Voltage frequency ♦Capacitance
Warning and Caution Statements
A XWWarning identifies hazardous conditions and actions that
could cause bodily harm or death.
A Caution identifies conditions and actions that could damage the
Meter, the equipment under test, or cause permanent loss of data.
Unsafe Voltage
To alert you to the presence of a potentially hazardous voltage,
when the Meter detects a voltage ≥30 V or a voltage overload
(OL), the Ysymbol is displayed.
Test Lead Alert
To remind you to check that the test leads are in the correct
terminals, LEAd is momentarily displayed when you move the
rotary switch to or from the mA or Aposition.
WWarning
Attempting to make a measurement with a test lead in
an incorrect terminal might blow a fuse, damage the
Meter, and cause serious personal injury.
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
2
Battery Saver (Sleep Mode)
The Meter enters the "Sleep" mode and blanks out the display if
there is no function change or button press for 20 minutes. To
disable the Sleep mode, hold down the yellow button while turning
the Meter on. The Sleep mode is always disabled in the MIN MAX
AVG mode and the AutoHOLD mode.
Terminals
.
FUSED
V
1
2
3
4
AIK01F.EPS
Item Description
1Input terminal for AC and DC milliamp measurements to
400 mA.
2Input terminal for AC and DC current measurements to
10 A.
3Input terminal for voltage, continuity, resistance, diode
test, capacitance, and frequency measurements.
4Common (return) terminal for all measurements.
Rotary Switch Positions
Switch
Position Measurement Function
K
Hz
AC voltage from 0.001 to 1000 V.
Frequency from 2 Hz to 99.99 kHz.
LDC voltage from 1 mV to 1000 V.
mLDC mV from 0.1 mV to 600 mV.
e
E
Ohms from 0.1 Ωto 50 MΩ.
Farads from 1 nF to 9999 μF.
R
G
Beeper turns on at <25 Ωand turns off at >250 Ω.
Diode test. Displays OL above 2.4 V.
FB
mA AC mA from 0.01 mA to 400 mA.
DC mA from 0.01 mA to 400 mA.
F
BAAC A from 0.001 A to 10 A.
DC A from 0.001 A to 10 A
>10.00 display flashes.
>20 A, OL is displayed.
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Display
3
Display
.
8
7
7
56
4
3
2
1
13
14 15
9
11
12
10
AIK02F.EPS
No. Symbol Meaning
1s Continuity test.
2ODiode test.
3KNegative readings.
4YUnsafe voltage. Voltage ≥30 V, or
voltage overload (OL)
5hAutoHOLD is enabled. Display holds
present reading until it detects new
stable input. Then the Meter beeps
and displays new reading.
6m
MAX , MIN,
AVG
MIN MAX AVG enabled.
Maximum, minimum, average, or
present reading.
7nμF, mVA,
Mke, kHz
Measurement units.
No. Symbol Meaning
8DC, AC Direct current, alternating current.
9b Low battery. Replace battery.
10 610000mV All possible ranges.
11 Bar graph Analog display.
12 Auto Range
Manual Range
The Meter selects the range with
the best resolution.
The user selects the range.
13 ± Bar graph polarity.
14 0L The input out of range.
15 LEAd WTest lead alert. Displayed when
the rotary switch is moved to or from
the mA or Aposition.
Error Messages
bAtt Replace the battery immediately.
diSC In the capacitance function, too much electrical
charge is present on the capacitor being tested.
EEPr
Err Invalid EEPROM data. Have Meter serviced.
CAL
Err Invalid calibration data. Calibrate Meter.
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
4
MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode
The MIN MAX AVG recording mode captures the minimum and
maximum input values, and calculates a running average of all
readings. When a new high or low is detected, the Meter beeps.
Note
For dc functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the
measurement function
± 12 counts for changes longer than
275 ms in duration.
For ac functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the
measurement function
± 40 counts for changes longer than
1.2 s in duration.
To use MIN MAX AVG recording:
⇒Make sure that the Meter is in the desired measurement
function and range. (Autoranging is disabled in the MIN MAX
AVG mode.)
⇒Press MIN MAX to activate MIN MAX AVG mode.
mand MAX light, and the highest reading detected
since entering MIN MAX AVG is displayed.
⇒Press MIN MAX to step through the low (MIN), average
(AVG), and present readings.
⇒To pause MIN MAX AVG recording without erasing stored
values, press HOLD. his displayed.
To resume MIN MAX AVG recording, press HOLD again.
hturns off.
⇒To exit and erase stored readings, press MIN MAX for 1
second or turn the rotary switch.
AutoHOLD Modes
XWWarning
To avoid electric shock, do not use the AutoHOLD mode
to determine if a circuit is live. Unstable or noisy
readings will not be captured.
In the AutoHOLD mode, the Meter holds the reading on the display
until it detects a new stable reading. Then the Meter beeps, and
displays the new reading.
⇒Press HOLD to activate AutoHOLD. hlights.
⇒Press HOLD again or turn the rotary switch to resume normal
operation.
YELLOW Button
Press the yellow button to select alternate measurement functions
on a rotary switch setting, e.g., to select DC mA, DC A, Hz,
capacitance, or diode test.
Display Backlight
Press Sto toggle the backlight on and off. The backlight
automatically turns off after 2 minutes.
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Manual Ranging and Autoranging
5
Manual Ranging and Autoranging
The Meter has both Manual range and Autorange modes.
⇒In the Autorange mode, the Meter selects the range with the
best resolution.
⇒In the Manual Range mode, you override Autorange and select
the range yourself.
When you turn the Meter on, it defaults to Autorange and Auto
Range is displayed.
1. To enter the Manual Range mode, press RANGE.
Manual Range is displayed.
2. In the Manual Range mode, press RANGE to increment the
range. After the highest range, the Meter wraps to the lowest
range.
Note
You cannot manually change the range in the MIN MAX
AVG mode.
If you press RANGE while in MIN MAX AVG, the Meter
beeps, indicating an invalid operation, and the range does
not change.
3. To exit Manual Range, press RANGE for 1 second or turn the
rotary switch.
The Meter returns to Autorange and Auto Range is displayed.
Power-Up Options
To select a Power-Up Option, hold down the button indicated while
turning the Meter on.
Power-Up Options are cancelled when the Meter is turned OFF.
Button Power-Up Options
H Turns on all display segments when in VAC switch
position.
M Disables beeper. bEEP is diplayed when enabled.
R
Enables "Smoothing" mode. '___ is displayed when
enabled.
Dampens display fluctuations of rapidly changing
inputs by digital filtering.
B
(YELLOW)
Disables automatic power-down ("Sleep mode").
PoFF is displayed when enabled
Sleep mode is also disabled while the Meter is in a
MIN MAX AVG Recording mode, or the AutoHOLD
mode.
SDisables automatic 2-minute backlight timeout.
LoFF is displayed when enabled.
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
6
Making Basic Measurements
The figures on the following pages show how to make basic
measurements.
When connecting the test leads to the circuit or device, connect
the common (COM) test lead before connecting the live lead;
when removing the test leads, remove the live lead before
removing the common test lead.
XWWarning
To avoid electric shock or injury, or damage to the
Meter, disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-
voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity,
diodes, or capacitance.
Measuring AC and DC Voltage
_
+_ +
Volts AC Volts DC Millivolts DC
VVmV
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
AIK03F.EPS
Measuring Resistance
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
AIK04F.EPS
Measuring Capacitance
+_
+
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
AIK05F.EPS
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Making Basic Measurements
7
Testing for Continuity
RANGEHOLD MINMAX RANGEHOLD MINMAX
AIK06F.EPS
Testing Diodes
+__
Forward Bias
Single Beep
+
Reverse Bias
Good Diode Good Diode
_
+
Shorted
and
Bad Diode
Open
_
CAT
+
Bad Diode
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
AIK07F.EPS
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
8
Measuring AC or DC Current
XWWarning
To avoid personal injury or damage to the Meter:
•Never attempt to make an in-circuit current measure-
ment when the open-circuit potential to earth ground
is >1000 V.
•Check the Meter's fuses before testing. (See “Testing
the Fuses”.)
•Use the proper terminals, switch position, and range
for your measurement.
•Never place the probes in parallel with a circuit or
component when the leads are plugged into the
current terminals.
Turn power OFF, break circuit, insert Meter in series, turn power
on.
CAT
CAT
+
+
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
mA
A
DC
AIK08F.EPS
Measuring Frequency
XWWarning
To avoid electrical shock, disregard the bar graph for
frequencies >1 kHz. If the frequency of the measured
signal is >1 kHz, the bar graph is unspecified.
The Meter measures the frequency of a signal. The trigger level is
0 V ac for all ranges.
+
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
Hz
V
AC Voltage Frequency
EOM09F.EPS
⇒To exit frequency, press yellow button or turn the rotary
switch.
⇒In frequency, the bar graph shows the ac voltage accurately
up to 1 kHz.
⇒Select progressively lower ranges using manual ranging for a
stable reading.
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Using the Bar Graph
9
Using the Bar Graph
The bar graph is like the needle on an analog Meter. There is an
overload indicator (►) to the right, and a polarity indicator (±) to the
left.
Because the bar graph is much faster than the digital display, the
bar graph is useful for making peak and null adjustments, and for
observing rapidly changing inputs.
The bar graph is disabled when measuring capacitance. In
frequency, the bar graph accurately indicates the voltage or
current up to 1 kHz.
The number of lit segments indicates the measured value and is
relative to the full-scale value of the selected range.
For example, in the 60 V range (see below), the major divisions on
the scale represent 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 V. An input of −30 V
lights the negative sign and the segments up to the middle of the
scale.
AIK11F.EPS
Cleaning
Wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use
abrasives or solvents. Dirt or moisture in the terminals can affect
readings.
Testing the Fuses
XWWarning
To avoid electrical shock or injury, remove the test
leads and any input signals before replacing the fuse.
Test fuses as shown below.
11 A440 mA
<0.5
Ω
<12 OKOK
OK
OK
RANGEHOLD
MINMAX
V
AIK12F.EPS
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
10
Replacing the Battery and Fuses
XWWarning
To avoid shock, injury, or damage to the Meter:
•Use ONLY fuses with the amperage, interrupt,
voltage, and speed ratings specified. Disconnect test
leads before opening case.
Ib
F2
F1
B1
AIK13F.EPS
F1 Fuse, 440 mA, 1000 V, FAST Fluke PN 943121
F2 Fuse, 11 A, 1000 V, FAST Fluke PN 803293
B1 Battery, 9 V Alkaline,
NEDA 1604 / 1604A Fluke PN 614487
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Specifications
11
Specifications
Accuracy is specified for 1 year after calibration, at operating temperatures of 18 °C to 28 °C, with relative humidity at 0 % to 90 %. Accuracy
specifications take the form of the following calculations: ±( [ % of Reading ] + [ Counts ] )
Maximum voltage between any
terminal and earth ground: 1000
Surge Protection: 8 kV peak per IEC 61010
WFuse for mA inputs:
WFuse for A input:
440 mA, 1000 V FAST Fuse
11 A, 1000 V FAST Fuse
Display: Digital: 6000 counts, updates 4/sec
Bar Graph: 33 segments; updates 32/sec
Frequency: 10,000 counts
Capacitance: 1,000 counts
Altitude: Operating: 2000 m; Storage: 12,000 m
Temperature: Operating: −10 °C to +50 °C;
Storage: −40 °C to +60 °C
Temperature coefficient: 0.1 X (specified accuracy) / °C
(<18 °C or >28 °C)
Electromagnetic Compatibility
(EN 61326-1:1997): In an RF field of 3 V/M, accuracy = specified accuracy.
Relative Humidity: Maximum, noncondensing
90 % to 35 °C
75 % to 40 °C;
45 % to 50 °C
Battery Life: Alkaline: 400 hrs typical
Size (H x W x L): 4.3 cm x 9 cm x 18.5 cm
Weight: 420 g
Safety Compliances: ANSI/ISA S82.02.01, CSA C22.2-1010.1, IEC 61010 to 1000 V Measurement Category III, 600 V Measurement
Category IV
Certifications: CSA, TÜV (EN61010), UL, P, ;(N10140),VDE
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
12
Function Range Resolution Accuracy ± ( [ % of Reading ] + [ Counts ] )
AC Volts (Average
responding)
6.000 V
60.00 V
600.0 V
1000 V
0.001 V
0.01 V
0.1 V
1 V
2.0 % + 2
(45 Hz to 1 kHz)
DC mV 600.0 mV 0.1 mV 0.3 % + 1
DC Volts 6.000 V
60.00 V
600.0 V
1000 V
0.001 V
0.01 V
0.1 V
1 V
0.3 % + 1
Continuity 600 Ω1 ΩMeter beeps at <25 Ω, beeper turns off at >250 Ω;
detects opens or shorts of 250 μs or longer.
Ohms 600.0 Ω
6.000 kΩ
60.00 kΩ
600.0 kΩ
6.000 MΩ
50.00 MΩ
0.1 Ω
0.001 kΩ
0.01 kΩ
0.1 kΩ
0.001 MΩ
0.01 MΩ
0.5 % + 2
0.5 % + 1
0.5 % + 1
0.5 % + 1
0.5 % + 1
2.0 % + 1
Diode test 2.400 V 0.001 V 1 % + 2
Capacitance 1000 nF
10.00 μF
100.0 μF
9999 μF[1]
1 nF
0.01 μF
0.1 μF
1 μF
1.2 % + 2
1.2 % + 2
1.2 % + 2
10 % typical
AC Amps (Average
responding)[2]
60.00 mA
400.0 mA[3]
6.000 A
10.00 A[4]
0.01 mA
0.1 mA
0.001 A
0.01 A
2.5 % + 2
(45 Hz to 1 kHz)
[1] In the 9999 μF range for measurements to 1000 μF, the measurement accuracy is 1.2 % + 2.
[2] Amps input burden voltage (typical): 400 mA input 2 mV/mA, 10 A input 37 mV/A.
[3] 400.0 mA accuracy specified up to 600 mA overload.
[4] >10 A unspecified.
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Specifications
13
Function Range Resolution Accuracy ± ( [ % of Reading ] + [ Counts ] )
DC Amps[3] 60.00 mA
400.0 mA[4]
6.000 A
10.00 A[5]
0.01 mA
0.1 mA
0.001 A
0.01 A
1.5 % + 2
Hz [1][ 2]
(ac voltage input ) 99.99 Hz 999.9 Hz
9.999 kHz
99.99 kHz
0.01 Hz
0.1 Hz
0.001 kHz
0.01 kHz
0.1 % + 1
MIN MAX AVG For dc functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the measurement function ±12 counts for changes longer than
275 ms in duration.
For ac functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the measurement function ±40 counts for changes longer than
1.2 s in duration.
[1] Frequency is specified from 2 Hz to 99.99 kHz.
[2] Below 2 Hz, the display shows zero Hz.
[3] Amps input burden voltage (typical): 400 mA input 2 mV/mA, 10 A input 37 mV/A.
[4] 400.0 mA accuracy specified up to 600 mA overload.
[5] >10 A unspecified.
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Model 77 Series IV
Users Manual
14
Function Overload Protection
[1] Input Impedance
(Nominal) Common Mode Rejection Ratio (1 kΩUnbalanced) Normal Mode Rejection
Volts AC 1000 V >10 MΩ<100 pF >60 dB @ dc, 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Volts DC 1000 V >10 MΩ<100 pF >120 dB @ dc, 50 Hz or 60 Hz >60 dB @ 50 Hz or 60 Hz
mV 1000 V[2] >10 MΩ<100 pF >120 dB @ dc, 50 Hz or 60 Hz >60 dB @ 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Open Circuit Test
Voltage Full Scale Voltage To:
6.0 MΩ50 MΩ
Short Circuit Current
Ohms/Capacitance 1000 V[2] <8.0 V dc <660 mV dc <4.6 V dc <1.1 mA
Continuity/Diode test 1000 V[2] <8.0 V dc 2.4 V dc <1.1 mA
[1] 10 7 V-Hz maximum.
[2] For circuits <0.3 A short circuit. 660 V for high energy circuits.
Function Overload Protection Overload
mA Fused, 440 mA, 1000 V FAST Fuse 600 mA overload for 2 minutes maximum, 10
minutes rest.
A Fused, 11 A, 1000 V FAST Fuse 20 A overload for 30 seconds maximum, 10
minutes rest.
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